高血压患者脉压与微量白蛋白尿的关系

目的　研究高血压患者脉压与尿白蛋白排泄率及微量白蛋白尿阳性率的关系。方法　选择原发高血压患者 5 8例 ,平均年龄 63 19± 3 62岁。尿白蛋白排泄率在 3 0～ 3 0 0mg/ 2 4h定为微量白蛋白尿阳性。按PP≤ 5 5mmHg ,5 6～75mmHg ,PP >75mmHg分为三个组 ,比较其尿白蛋白排泄率及微量白蛋白尿阳性率。结果　三组中随脉压增高 ,尿白蛋白排泄率依次增高 ,分别为 12 5 4± 9 18mg/ 2 4h、2 3 0 9± 11 5mg/ 2 4h、2 9 97± 5 2 5mg/ 2 4h ;三组的微量白蛋白尿阳性率分别为 13 6%、2 5 %、5 0 %。二者在三组间的差异有统计学意义 (P <0 0 1)。脉压、收缩压与UAE呈正相关 ,r值分别为0 671和 0 5 74,P <0 0 0 1。舒张压与UAE呈弱的负相关 ,r =-0 .2 43 (P <0 0 0 1)。结论　三组中 ,随着脉压的升高 ,尿白蛋白排泄率及微量白蛋白尿阳性率均相应升高 ,脉压与尿白蛋白排泄率的相关性稍强于收缩压。脉压增大是高血压患者早期肾脏损害的预测因素     

高血压患者的静息心率与早期颈动脉硬化的相关性研究

目的 探讨老年高血压病患者静息心率(resting heart rate,RHR)与早期颈动脉硬化的关系.方法 入选老年高血压病患者200例,按收缩压(SBP)水平分为三组:SBP<160mmHg,SBP 160～180mmHg,SBP>180mmHg.在以上每一组中,又按RHR水平分为:RHR1组<65次/min;RHR2组65～69次/min;RHR3组70～74次/min;RHR4组75～79次/min;RHR5组≥80次/min.对入选患者做超声检查颈动脉内膜-中膜厚度(intimal medial thickness,IMT)、颈总动脉分叉处内径(CAD).并测空度血糖,血脂.结果 RHR5组或RHR4组的颈动脉内膜厚度和颈动脉内径大于RHR1和RHR2组.结论 RHR的增加是老年高血压病患者颈动脉硬化的重要危险因素.     

高血压前期与微量清蛋白尿

目的观察高血压前期(prehypertension)与尿清蛋白排泄率(UAE)及微量清蛋白尿(Malb)的关系。方法258例入选者,按照血压水平分为4组:正常血压组:收缩压/舒张压(SBP/DBP)<120/80mmHg,高血压前期组:SBP/DBP121～139/80～89mmHg,高血压组:SBP/DBP≥140/90mmHg。其中高血压前期组按照收缩压水平再分为高血压前期1组(SBP 121～129mmHg),高血压前期2组(SBP 130～139mmHg)。测定尿清蛋白排泄率,并比较其尿清蛋白排泄率及微量清蛋白尿阳性率的差异。结果高血压组和高血压前期2组尿清蛋白排泄率及微量清蛋白尿阳性率均高于正常组,组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。高血压前期1组尿清蛋白排泄率及微量清蛋白尿阳性率虽高于正常组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论高血压前期组人群已可能出现亚临床肾脏损害。     

老年高血压患者静息心率与颈动脉内-中膜厚度的关系

目的：探讨老年高血压患者静息心率(RHR)与颈动脉内-中膜厚度(IMT)的关系。方法：入选老年高血压患者164例,按血压水平分为A组BP₁ （140/90mmHg≤BP<160/100 mmHg）72例;B组BP₂（160/100 mmHg≤BP<180/110 mmHg）55例;C组BP₃（BP≥180/110 mmHg）37例。每组按RHR分为RHR₁组 （RHR<60次•min^-1）、RHR2组（60次•min^-1≤RHR<70次•min^-1）、 RHR₃组（70次•min^-1≤RHR＜80次•min^-1）和RHR₄组（RHR≥80次•min^-1）。入选患者空腹测血糖、血脂、颈动脉超声检查测颈动脉IMT和颈动脉内径(CAD)。结果:RHR₄组的GLU、TC、TG、BSP均高于RHR₁～RHR₃ 各组（P<0.05或P<0.01);RHR₄、RHR₃组与RHR₁、RHR₂组比较TMT增厚、CAD增大（P<0.05或P<0.01）。结论：随着RHR的增加颈动脉IMT和CAD的数值有明显的增加,RHR的增加是老年高血压患者颈动脉IMT增加的原因之一。     

原发性高血压患者24h脉压与尿微量白蛋白的关系

目的探讨原发性高血压患者24h脉压与尿微量白蛋白的关系。方法按脉压高低将137例高血压患者分为2组：脉压≤60mmHg组60例,脉压〉60mmHg组77例,比较两组间尿微量白蛋白的差异。结果高脉压组年龄较大,尿微量白蛋白显著高于低脉压组[（21．08&#177;3．97）μg／min与（11．14&#177;3．32）μg／min,P〈O．01]。结论原发性高血压患者的尿微量白蛋白与脉压水平密切相关。     

羟苯磺酸钙联合福辛普利治疗糖尿病肾病白蛋白尿的疗效观察

目的 观察羟苯磺酸钙胶囊联合福辛普利对尿微量白蛋白排泄率及尿白蛋白/肌酐比值的影响,探讨其对糖尿病肾病的早期保护.方法 154例2型糖尿病早期肾病患者,随机分成常规福辛普利组、羟苯磺酸钙联合福辛普利组,经3、6个月治疗后,观察尿白蛋白排泄率和尿白蛋白/肌酐比值的变化,评价羟苯磺酸钙联合福辛普利的肾脏保护作用.结果 治疗3个月后,两组的尿白蛋白排泄率和尿白蛋白/肌酐比值都有所下降,但都未达到统计学差异(P>0.05);经6个月治疗后,福辛普利组尿白蛋白排泄率和尿白蛋白/肌酐比值有下降(P<0.05);羟苯磺酸钙联合福辛普利组下降更加明显,达到了显著性差异(P<0.01),与福辛普利组相比也有差异(P<0.05).结论 羟苯磺酸钙联合福辛普利降低尿白蛋白排泄率和尿白蛋白/肌酐比值较单用福辛普利更明显.     

正常血压2型糖尿病患者脉压变化及与微量白蛋白尿的关系

目的观察正常血压2型糖尿病患者的脉压变化及其与微量白蛋白尿的关系.方法对50例正常血压2型糖尿病患者和20例体检健康对照者进行24h动态血压监测,计算24h平均脉压.其中糖尿病组测定24h尿微量白蛋白、血糖化血红蛋白、低密度脂蛋白.结果糖尿病组的24h平均脉压(52.59±11.60)mmHg,较对照组的(38.30±6.56)mmHg明显为高(P<0.01);糖尿病有微量白蛋白尿亚组的24h平均脉压(62.83±5.17)mmHg,较无微量白蛋白尿亚组的(42.35±5.41)mmHg明显为高(P<0.01);有微量白蛋白尿亚组的24h平均脉压与年龄、病程、低密度脂蛋白、24h尿微量白蛋白相关(P<0.05或0.01),而与糖化血红蛋白无关(P>0.05).结论正常血压2型糖尿病患者的脉压较同龄健康人显著增高,增高的脉压影响其尿微量白蛋白的排泄.     

原发性高血压患者脉压水平与尿微量白蛋白的相关性研究

目的:探讨原发性高血压患者脉压水平与尿微量白蛋白的相关性。方法:在我院住院治疗的原发性高血压患者156例,根据患者脉压水平将所有患者分为PP<60mmHg组(n=77)和PP≥60mmHg组(n=79),比较两组患者晨起尿微量白蛋白。结果:PP≥60 mmHg组患者LDL-C、空腹血糖显著高于PP<60mmHg组患者,差异具有统计学意义,P<0.01或P<0.05;PP≥60 mmHg组患者尿微量白蛋白水平以及异常比例均显著高于PP<60mmHg组患者,差异具有统计学意义,P<0.05;脉压水平与尿微量白蛋白水平之间存在显著正相关,r=0.467,P<0.05。结论:原发性高血压患者脉压水平与尿微量白蛋白密切相关。     

急性脑梗死患者微量白蛋白尿危险因素分析

目的 研究急性脑梗死微量白蛋白尿(MAU)的危险因素.方法 对109例急性脑梗死合并MAU的患者和194例急性脑梗死非合并MAU的患者的年龄,血压,血糖.血脂、尿酸等进行分析比较.同时将微量白蛋白排泄率(UAER)与各指标进行相关分析和多元逐步回归分析.结果 急性脑梗死患者合并微量白蛋白尿组收缩压(SBP),血糖(FBG).血尿酸(UA)显著高于非合并微量白蛋白尿组,而高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)则明显低于后者;经多元逐步回归分析后得出:UAER与SBP、FBG,UA呈正相关,与HDL-C呈负相关.结论 UAER是急性脑梗死发病的独立危险因素.     

代谢综合征的诊断标准

WHO工作定义 世界卫生组织(WHO)于1999年对MS做了工作定义:糖调节减损(IGT或IFG)或DM,和/或IR(由高胰岛素葡萄糖钳夹技术测定的葡萄糖利用率低于下位1/4位点),并有下述5项中2项以上的成分:高血压(≥140/90mmHg);高甘油三酯(≥1.7mmol/L,150mg/dl);和/或低HDL胆固醇血症(男＜0.9mmol/L,35mg/dl;女＜1.0mmol/L,39mg/dl);中心性肥胖(WHR男＞0.9,女＞0.85和/或BMI＞30kg/m2);或微量白蛋白尿(尿白蛋白排泄率≥20μ g/分或白蛋白/肌酐≥30mg/g).     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.