MNNG诱发新生大鼠腺胃癌模型的建立及其在胃癌发…

通过给新生Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠连续１０次（每日１次）１－甲基－３硝基－１亚硝基胍（ＭＮＮＧ）灌胃，成功地诱发出腺胃癌、腺瘤和异型增生等病变。在０．４ｍｇ／只剂量组，这三种病变的诱发率分别为３９％、５０％和１００％，腺胃癌的诱发率与ＭＮＮＧ剂量成正比，雄性大鼠高于雌性（Ｐ＜０．０２），７０％病变发生在胃窦部。本模型具有致癌物用量小、易定量、给药期短、省时省力和不易污染环境等优点。研究还发现６个腺胃癌中有     

复合因素诱发大鼠胃粘膜癌前病变的动物模型

目的：建立实用有效的动物模型,探讨胃癌前病变与胃癌发生的过程及机制。方法：采用符合国人引起胃癌及癌前病变的多种因素（化学致癌剂ＭＮＮＧ、酒精、胆汁等）进行组合诱发多组大鼠胃癌前病变模型,研究胃癌前病变异型增生（ＧＥＤ）、肠化生（ＩＭ）及胃癌之间的关系。结果：诱发２例腺胃腺癌（均为４５周的ＭＮＮＧ普通组）,３３例腺胃ＧＥＤ,４例十二指肠及小肠腺癌（ＭＮＮＧ加强组３只,ＭＮＮＧ乙醇组１只）等;腺胃ＧＥ     

硒对大鼠腺胃癌的作用及其对腺胃、胰CGRP阳性细胞的影响

目的：探讨硒在机体自然抗肿瘤发生过程中的作用。方法：用ＭＮＮＧ（２０ｍｇ／ｋｇ）灌胃诱导大鼠腺胃粘膜异倍形成（大鼠腺胃癌模型形成）。用流式细胞仪测定硒对大鼠腺胃幽门粘膜异倍体形成的影响。用免疫组织化学ＡＢＣ法观察硒在大鼠腺胃粘膜异倍体形成过程中,大鼠腺胃、胰ＣＧＲＰ阳性细胞的变化。并对以上结果进行图像分析及统计学处理。结果：（１）硒能掏所致大鼠腺胃粘膜细胞异倍体的形成。（２）在ＭＮＮＧ所致大鼠异倍     

蟾蜍灵诱导人胃癌细胞凋亡的实验研究

用ＭＴＴ法、形态学观察法、ＤＮＡ电泳和流式细胞仪观察蟾蜍灵（Ｂｕｆａｌｉｎ）诱导的胃癌细胞凋亡。结果表明,０．０１ｕｍｏｌ／Ｌ蟾蜍灵作用ＭＧｃ－８０３细胞４８ｈ,即可显著抑制细胞生长,ＩＣ５０值约为０．１ｕｍｏｌ／Ｌ。琼脂糖凝胶电泳获得梯形图谱,汉式细胞仪ＤＮＡ直方图上出现典型的亚二倍体峰,凋亡主要发生在Ｇ１／Ｇ０期,细胞凋亡率随药物浓度和作用时间的增加而增高,以上结果提示,ｂｕｆａｌｉｎ对胃癌细     

甲基硝基亚硝基胍诱发的遗传不稳定细胞DNA聚合酶βmRNA表达水平研究

目的和方法：本实验室曾报道，低浓度０－２ μｍｏｌＬ 烷化剂甲基硝基亚硝基胍（ Ｎ－ ｍｅｔｈｙｌ－ Ｎ′－ ｎｉｔｒｏ － Ｎ－ｎｉｔｒｏｓｏｇｕａｎｉｄｉｎｅ ， ＭＮＮＧ） 可以诱导哺乳类细胞遗传不稳定状态。为明确其发生机制，本文利用定量ＲＴ－ ＰＣＲ 方法，研究了该低浓度ＭＮＮＧ 对人ＨｅＬａ 及猴肾ｖｅｒｏ 细胞ＤＮＡ 聚合酶β（ｐｏｌ β） ｍ ＲＮＡ 表达水平的影响。结果：经０－２ μｍｏｌＬ ＭＮＮＧ２ ．５ ｈ 处理后，ＨｅＬａ 细胞ｐｏｌ βｍ ＲＮＡ 水平在６ ～２４ ｈ 内升高约１ 倍；而ｖｅｒｏ 细胞ｐｏｌ βｍ ＲＮＡ 水平在１２ ～３０ ｈ 内亦升高１倍左右。结论：提示ｐｏｌ βｍＲＮＡ 水平改变可能参与ＭＮＮＧ 诱发细胞遗传不稳定的发生     

长期单采浆的慢性丙型肝炎患者肝脏病理学观察

目的 观察既往职业献血员慢性丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）感染者肝脏病理学特征。方法 从２５０名５年以上抗－丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）抗体阳性的献血员中筛选出丙氨酸转氨酶（ＡＬＴ）异常的丙型肝炎患者６６例,对其进行肝穿活检病理检查。其中６３例按１９９５年《病毒性肝炎防治方案（试行）》进行分级分期,对血清病毒含量〉５．０Ｍｅｑ／ｍｌ（ｂＤＮＡ）的２０例行ＮＳ５免疫组织化学ＡＢＣ染色观察。结果 病变程度大多较轻,炎症活动度Ｇ１ ４．８％（３／６３）,Ｇ２ ６３．５％（４０／６３）,Ｇ３ ２８．６％（１８／６３）,Ｇ４ ２例。纤维化程度Ｓ１ ６０．３％（３８／６３）、Ｓ２ ３４．９％（２２／６３）,Ｓ３ ３．２％（２／６３）,Ｓ４ １例。主要病变为汇管区炎症：即胆管损伤（１００．０％）,淋巴细胞集聚（８２．５％）,汇管区周围碎屑     

结核性淋巴结炎的组织细胞反应性增性变型

应用结核杆菌ＤＮＡ１２３ｂｐ特异性序列片段为靶序列的多聚酶链反应（Ｍ．ＴＢ－ＰＣＲ）技术，ＢＣＧ免疫组化（ＢＣＧ－ＩＨＣ）技术和抗酸染色（ＡＦ）方法，对３８例呈现组织细胞反应性增生－碎屑样坏死－嗜中性白细胞渗出病变的淋巴结石蜡包埋组织进行了分支杆菌／结核杆菌的回顾性检测。三种方法的综合阳性率为５２．６％（２０／３８例）。ＡＦ，ＢＣＧ－ＩＨＣ和Ｍ．ＴＢ－ＰＣＲ物各自性率分别为０．８％，２６．３％和５     

亚硝基胍诱发大鼠胃腺癌发生发展过程中p53、ras基因表达和突变的研究

目的探讨ｐ５３、ｒａｓ基因在亚硝基胍（ＮｍｅｔｈｙｌＮ′ｎｉｔｒｏＮｎｉｔｒｏｓｏｇｕａｎｉｄｉｎｅ，ＭＮＮＧ）诱发大鼠胃腺癌发生发展过程中的作用。方法用免疫组织化学、聚合酶链反应单链构象多态性分析（ＰＣＲＳＳＣＰ）技术对大鼠正常腺胃粘膜、癌前病变和胃腺癌组织中ｐ５３，ｒａｓ基因的表达和突变进行检测。结果ｐ５３蛋白在癌组织中的阳性表达率为５０％（２０／４０只），正常和癌前病变组织中为阴性；ｒａｓ蛋白（ｐ２１）癌前病变组织中阳性率为４４％（２３／５２只），在癌组织中为２３％（９／４０只）。癌组织中ｐ５３基因突变率为４５％（１８／４０只），非癌组织为阴性。癌组织及癌前病变组织中均未发现ｒａｓ基因突变。结论在ＭＮＮＧ诱发大鼠胃腺癌发生发展过程中，ｒａｓ基因的激活是一早期事件，可能参与了癌的发生过程，而ｐ５３突变则主要与胃癌的进展有关。     

hIL—13融合表达载体的构建及其在大肠杆菌中的表达

通过ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ技术直接从激活的健康人外周血单个核细胞（ＨＰＢＭＣ）中扩增出的０．３ｋｂ的ｈＩＬ－１３基因片段，经ＤＮＡ重组技术，插入到融合蛋白表达载体ｐＧＥＸ－４Ｔ－２中，转化入感受态的大肠杆菌ＴＧ１中，成功地构建了ｈＩＬ－１３的基因工程表达菌株ｈＩＬ－１３「ｐＧＥＸ－４Ｔ－２／ＴＧ１。经异丙基硫代半乳糖苷（ＩＰＴＧ）诱导后表达的ＧＳＴ－ＩＬ－１３融合蛋白经ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ证明分子量约３６ｋＤ、     

4种癌基因mRNA在胃癌组织中的表达及意义

应用原位分子杂交（ＩＳＨ）技术，检测８８例胃癌组织中Ｋ－ｒａｓ、Ｈ－ｒａｓ、Ｃ－ｍｙｃ和肿瘤转移抑制基因ｎｍ２３（Ｈ１）ｍＲＮＡ．其阳性结果分别为７８．４％、７０％、５８％和３８．６％，胃癌癌旁移行区正常粘膜和正常胃粘膜上皮的阳性率分别为１８．２％、１７％、１９．３％、２１．６％和０、０、０、３／５，与肿瘤区相比较，除ｎｍ２３外差异均非常显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）。Ｋ－ｒａｓ、Ｈ－ｒａｓｍＲＮＡ表达在在细胞膜内侧，Ｃ－ｍｙｃｍＲＮＡ主要表达在细胞核内，ｎｍ２３－Ｈ１ｍＲＮＡ表达在胞浆内。４种癌基因表达与组织学类型无关，ｎｍ２３－Ｈ１的表达与胃癌病人有无淋巴结转移有关（Ｐ＜０．０１）。     

Level of functioning of siblings and parents of probands of varying degrees of retardation

A further analysis of already published data supports the position that retardates of low ability level less frequently have retarded siblings, retarded parents, and parents low in occupational level than do retardates higher in ability level. The analysis supports the position that there are two types of retarded individuals, persons retarded as a result of gene or chromosomal anomalies, brain injury, etc., who more frequently occur in the lower-level retardate group, and persons whose retardation represents polygenic segregation, who more frequently occur in the higher-level group.     

局部注射辛伐他汀对骨质疏松大鼠股骨髁骨小梁的改建效应

背景：局部注射具有成骨作用的辛伐他汀,可显著增加骨质疏松大鼠股骨颈及股骨髁部的骨密度及力学强度,分析局部注射辛伐他汀对股骨髁骨小梁的影响。 目的：进一步研究骨质疏松大鼠股骨内局部注射辛伐他汀对股骨髁骨小梁的影响。为将辛伐他汀应用于临床骨质疏松局部治疗提供实验基础。 方法：18只雌性SD大鼠双侧卵巢切除后3个月,制备大鼠骨质疏松模型。实验大鼠随机数字表法均分为3组,分别在实验大鼠的右侧股骨髓腔内单次注射辛伐他汀溶液5 mg、10 mg,对照组单纯注射空白载体。分别在注射后1个月处死大鼠并取材。Micro-CT扫描并定量分析骨组织形态变化。 结果与结论：给药后1个月,Micro-CT扫描结果显示,辛伐他汀治疗组的骨微结构参数如骨皮质厚度、骨小梁密度及连接率明显优于对照组。说明疏松骨骼单次注射小剂量辛伐他汀可显著促进股骨髁部骨小梁改建,改善骨骼微结构,可为强化局部、防治骨质疏松骨折的新选择进一步提供实验基础。     

石斛属民族药用植物的分类及生药学研究

中药石斛早在《神农本草经》中就被列为上品,其应用历史悠久,具有养阴生津、补肾益气、润喉护嗓、活血明目、抗癌防老等功效。本文对国内外石斛属民族药用植物的分类及生药学研究进行了综述。     

膝关节骨性关节炎的关节镜治疗体会

目的我科自2001～2005年4月对59例67膝的骨性关节炎（0A），进行关节镜检查及镜下清理术。方法镜检：膝关节骨性关节炎伴不同程度滑膜炎，滑膜皱壁粘连纤维片，关节软骨不同程度破坏。镜下清除增生滑膜，松解粘连，去除剥脱软骨、修复关节面。结果随访2月～4年，平均1.5年，术后综合评估2月～1年，优良率94％；1～2年，优良率79.2％；2年以上优良率54.8％。结论关节镜对膝关节骨性关节炎诊断能提供了比较全面的资料，并对骨性关节炎早期有良好疗效，具有创伤小、恢复快、并发症少和重复治疗等优点。     

Anatomical study of distribution of valves of the cutaneous veins of adult''s limbs

Since the cutaneous veins of the four limbs have been used as autogenous grafts in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders, knowledge of distribution of the valves is increasingly required depending upon the use. In the gross anatomical study of distribution of valves of the trunci venae, there has been argument about locational relationships between the venous roots and the valves in the vicinity of the roots and the inter-valvular distance. However, there have been only few reports discussing detailed information about valves of the cutaneous veins of the four limbs. The authors observed patterns of distribution of the cutaneous venous valves of the four limbs of cadavers prepared for practice in anatomy. The following parts were excised from each cadaver: the cephalic, basilic, and the great saphenous veins, which originate from the acral venous network and flow into the proximal deep veins, and the venous roots communicating with these veins. An incision was made on each excised vein in the direction of the long axis under observation with a stereoscopic microscope, and the inter-valvular distance and the distance between the valve and the orifice of venous root in the vicinity of the valve were measured. The inter-valvular distance varied with type of the truncus venae, and it varied according to area even in the same truncus venae.     

Pathways of the realization of immunomodulating effects of neurotransmitters

Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 115, N ^o 4, pp. 401–404, April, 1993     

Characterization of sterols of three digenetic trematodes of buffalo

Sterols of three digenetic trematodes were isolated and characterized by infrared and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies, and gas-liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Sterols identified were cholesterol, cholestanol, 24-methylcholesterol, 24-methylcholestanol, 24-ethyl-22-dehydrocholesterol, 24-ethyl-22-dehydrocholestanol, 24-ethylcholesterol and 24-ethylcholestanol.     

Mechanisms of generation of slow components of bioelectric activity in diagnostics of functional state of the gastrointestinal tract

New electrophysiologic devices were used for the diagnostics of the state of excitable structures in the gastrointestinal tract and correction of their motor functions. Bioelectrical and biomechanical activities form the basis of functioning of internal organs. The mechanisms of generation of slow bioelectrical activity that are important for clinical and physiological studies are described. One of these mechanisms is a capacitance parametric transducer converting the energy of contractions into specific electric signals reflecting muscle functions. Another mechanism results from slow oscillations of resting potentials of interrelated excitable cells in large neuromuscular structures of internal organs. The elaborated procedure is efficient for preventing early postoperative paresis of the gastrointestinal tract. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 128, No. 10, pp. 448–452, October, 1999     

胃小弯侧血管弓的MDCT解剖

目的：研究正常胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管的多排螺旋CT表现。方法：回顾性分析51例正常成人的上腹部CT资料,观察胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管的显示情况、血管弓形态及其与胃壁的关系。结果：51例均显示胃小弯侧血管弓,血管弓贲门部属支、胃体部属支和幽门部属支分别显示46例、15例和10例;血管弓与胃壁紧邻41例。结论：MDCT检查可良好显示正常胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管。     

Assessment of the efficacy of treatment of hemangiomas

Assessment of the aftereffects of cryoexposure and ultrahigh-frequency cryoexposure on hemangioma tissue of various types, cavernous and squamous, showed a higher cryogenic effect in hemangiomatous tissue preexposed to ultrahigh-frequency waves. A quantitative criterion is proposed for assessing the efficacy of the studied methods of exposure. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 6, pp. 669–672, June, 1995