球筋膜下麻醉的复合式小梁切除术治疗青光眼临床观察

目的探讨球筋膜下麻醉进行复合式小梁切除术治疗青光眼临床效果。方法我院连续收入院的128例青光眼患者分为观察组和对照组。观察组65例:球筋膜下麻醉进行以角膜缘为基底的结膜瓣的复合式小梁切除术治疗青光眼;对照组68例:球后麻醉进行以穹窿部为基底的结膜瓣的复合式小梁切除术治疗青光眼,观察患者合作度,眼压、滤过泡形态。结果球筋膜下麻醉组有89.2%的患者术中合作较好,球后麻醉组有88.2%的患者合作比较好或非常好,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组术前眼压相似,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),术后6月眼压:观察组11.42±5.16mmHg,对照组14.12±3.24mmHg,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。眼压≤21mmHg为标准,观察组的完全成功率为92.3%。对照组完全成功率为80.9%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。滤过泡的形态:观察组以弥散型为主,对照组以微小囊泡型为主,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论球筋膜下麻醉手术进行中能获得满意的合作度两种类型的结膜瓣形态及降压效果不同。     

小梁切除术不同结膜瓣滤过泡的形成分析

目的:探讨小梁切除术两种不同结膜瓣术后功能性滤过泡形成情况.方法:比较372例(372只眼)原发性青光眼不同结膜瓣小梁切除术术后功能性滤过泡形成情况,其中以角巩缘为基底的结膜瓣165只眼,以穹窿部为基底的结膜瓣207只眼.结果:术后1周对所有患者进行了观察.3个月时只有127只眼进行了随访.以角巩缘为基底的结膜瓣手术组术后1周滤过泡成功率为83.03%.3个月时为78.69%.以穹窿部为基底的结膜瓣手术组术后1周滤过泡成功率为55.07%,3个月时为53.03%.两组比较有明显差别.结论:本组研究发现.传统的以角巩缘为基底的结膜瓣术后滤过泡成功率高于以穹窿部为基底的结膜瓣,其术后降压效果相应亦较好.     

两种结膜瓣式小梁切除术的比较

目的：比较两种结膜瓣式小梁切除术的临床效果。

方法：将我院132例148眼行青光眼小梁切除术的原发性青光眼的患者分为以角膜缘为基底的结膜瓣(A组)64例72眼和以穹隆部为基底的结膜瓣(B组)68例76眼两组,术后随访6～12mo,观察眼压、滤过泡、前房深度及术中术后并发症。

结果：两种术式在术后成功率及术后降眼压效果上无明显的统计学差异。以穹隆部为基底的结膜瓣(B组)能得到更理想的滤过泡。以角膜缘为基底的结膜瓣(A组)表现出更多的并发症,如晚期滤过泡渗漏、低眼压等。

结论：以穹隆部为基底的结膜瓣(B组)优于以角膜缘为基底的结膜瓣(A组)。     

青光眼常规小梁切除术结膜瓣大小对手术效果的影响

目的:探讨青光眼常规小梁切除术中结膜瓣大小对降压效果及术后并发症的影响。方法:对10例已确诊双眼慢性闭角型青光眼的患者行常规小梁切除术+虹膜周切术,均做以穹窿为基底的结膜瓣,术中不用抗代谢药物。1眼做底边长10mm,高6mm等边三角形结膜瓣,另1眼做边长10mm,高6mm矩形结膜瓣(实际面积相当于前眼的两倍),其余手术步骤一致。于术后2d开始,每日测量眼压(非接触式眼压计),裂隙灯检查前房至术后7d拆线。分别于术后0.5,1,3mo复查。结果:患者10例扩大结膜瓣眼于术后全部发生浅前房,对侧无1例发生。其中1级浅前房5例,2级浅前房4例,3级浅前房1例。染色:2级浅前房中1例结膜瓣伤口漏。3级浅前房患眼下方结膜囊见滤过泡隆起。无1例发生睫状体脉络膜脱离。眼压测量:手术眼眼压均位于4～8mmHg,双眼相差<2mmHg。1,2级浅前房眼行滤枕加压、绷带包扎,3级浅前房眼行美多丽每日散瞳、滤枕加压、绷带包扎,均未口服及静脉使用降眼压药物。术后7d拆线时,术眼前房均正常,1例双眼眼压为14mmHg,9例眼压<10mmHg,双眼相差<2mmHg,双眼滤过泡大小一致。术后0.5,1,3mo复查双眼滤过泡无差别,眼压无差别。结论:扩大的结膜瓣并不能更有效的降低眼压,增大有效滤过泡的容积,反而会在术后早期增加滤过过强,眼压低,滤过泡大而弥散的并发症。     

结膜瓣大小对小梁切除术后滤过泡形态及眼压的影响

目的:探讨以穹隆部为基底的不同大小结膜瓣切口对小梁切除术后滤过泡的形态及眼压的影响。方法:选择施行小梁切除术的患者61例66眼,根据结膜瓣大小不同随机分为两组,A组33眼为大结膜瓣(3个时钟范围),B组33眼为小结膜瓣(2个时钟范围),密切随诊观察术后滤过泡的形态及眼压情况。结果:术后功能性滤过泡形成率A组(91%)>B组(73%);眼压控制率A组(94%)>B组(76%)。结论:采用以穹隆部为基底的大结膜瓣可提高小梁切除术后功能性滤过泡形成率,从而能更好地控制眼压。     

薄壁囊状滤过泡的结膜瓣加固术

目的　探讨改良转移结膜瓣对矫正青光眼小梁切除术后薄壁囊状滤过泡的临床效果。方法　剪开滤过泡周围的结膜（保留原滤过泡）,游离转移上方或颞侧球结膜-筋膜组织,加固覆盖于经局部冷冻的变性囊状泡表面,转移结膜瓣的前缘固定缝合于周边角膜的槽状浅沟内。转移结膜瓣不够松弛时,在穹窿部做一减张性球结膜-筋膜组织切开。结果　46例（52只眼）术后随访6个月至4年,平均眼压由术前（4.25±1.33）mmHg（1mmHg=0.133kPa）提高至术后（12.98±5.70）mmHg,差异有显著性（t=3.26,P<0.01）。51只眼仍保留滤过功能,20只眼的结膜渗漏和6只眼的黄斑水肿消失,术后视力较术前有明显改善（χ     

薄壁滤过泡修补术的临床观察

目的探讨切除原有滤过泡菲薄区联合带蒂转移结膜瓣覆盖术矫正青光眼滤过术后薄壁滤过泡的改良方法的临床效果。方法对2009年至2014年在新疆职业病医院眼科应用剪开滤过泡菲薄区周围的结膜,上穹窿部Tenon囊下放置丝裂霉素棉片,切除原有滤过泡菲薄区,清除瘢痕,修补巩膜渗漏,向健康侧结膜延长切口做带蒂转移结膜瓣覆盖创面,分层减张缝合于角膜缘。结果36例（40只眼）术后随访6个月至3年,平均眼压由术前（6．54±2．78）mmHg提高至术后（13．74±6．58）mmHg,差异有统计学意义（t=3．15,P〈0．01）。40只眼均保持滤过功能,Seidel荧光素试验阴性,5只眼黄斑水肿消退,2只眼感染控制,1只眼发生转移结膜瓣边缘部分裂开并行再次修补。术后视力较术前提高有统计学意义（χ2=15．78、P〈0．01）。结论切除原有滤过泡菲薄区联合带蒂转移结膜瓣覆盖术是矫正薄壁滤过泡性低眼压、减轻黄斑水肿、修复结膜渗漏或破裂、防止眼内感染的有效手术方法。     

丝裂霉素C结膜下注射治疗青光眼小梁切除术后功能不良滤过泡的临床观察

目的观察丝裂霉素C(MMC)结膜下注射对青光眼小梁切除术后早期功能不良的滤过泡的临床效果。方法对114例(122只眼)青光眼患者术后1～8周内滤过功能不良的滤过泡行丝裂霉素C(MMC)结膜下注射,每天结膜下注射一次,共3～7次,MMC浓度为0.004%,配合每天眼部按摩2～3次,观察滤过泡弥散隆起的情况,前房深浅的变化,随访3～6个月。结果122只眼丝裂霉素C(MMC)结膜下注射前:低平限局肥厚充血型92只眼、包囊型囊样30只眼。MMC结膜下注射后滤过泡外观形态:轻度膨隆弥散型84只眼,多腔或薄壁型24只眼,限局肥厚型或无滤过泡14只眼。结膜下注射前患眼的眼压为(28.6±2.1)mmHg,结膜下注射后患眼的眼压为(15.1±2.3)mmHg。结论对于青光眼小梁切除术后早期功能不良的滤过泡采用结膜下注射丝裂霉素C(MMC)联合眼部按摩是安全、有效及简便的处理方法。     

改进结膜瓣缝合预防小梁切除术后结膜瓣渗漏的发生

0引言小梁切除术是使房水经滤过道聚集于结膜下形成滤过泡,而后经结膜淋巴管吸收。因此结膜瓣渗漏可引起低眼压、浅前房、黄斑水肿、滤过泡感染和眼内炎等并发症发生。我科2000-03/2007-03改进结膜瓣缝合预防小梁切除术后结膜瓣渗漏的发生,取得了良好的效果,现报道如下。1临床资料我科于2000-03/2007-03共收治青光眼128例144眼。其中男50例58眼,女78例86眼。年龄37~80(平均62.5)岁。急性闭角型青光眼82例88眼,慢性闭角型青光眼30例36眼,开角型青光眼16例20眼。按就诊次序随机分成两组:A,B组。术前眼压均降至21mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa)以下。所     

颞上或鼻上方结膜瓣小梁切除手术效果评价

目的评价在颞上方或鼻上方做结膜瓣行小梁切除的手术效果。方法根据术者的利手(以右手为例)。在患者的右眼颞上方或左眼鼻上方做结膜瓣，行小梁切除术共]00眼，并与100眼相同术式在上方做结膜瓣的患者作对照，比较其术后1周、半个月、1个月、3个月的眼压、视力、滤过泡及并发症。结果两种结膜瓣无明显差异。结论颞上或鼻上方结膜瓣与正上方结膜瓣的小梁切除术有同样的手术效果，并且操作方便，保留了上方结膜瓣完整，为再次做青光眼手术、白内障手术及其他眼内手术提供了良好手术的部位。     

Deep sclerectomy with mitomycin C in failed trabeculectomy

AIM: To evaluate the success rate and complications associated with deep sclerectomy with mitomycin C (MMC) and a reticulated hyaluronic acid implant in previously failed trabeculectomy. METHODS: This prospective study included 20 eyes with a previously failed trabeculectomy, which were treated with deep sclerectomy with 0.2 mg/ml MMC application under the conjunctiva and superficial scleral flap. Intraocular pressure (IOP), glaucoma medications, visual acuity, and complications were recorded preoperatively and 1 day, 1 week, and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. RESULTS: The mean preoperative IOP was 25.8+/-7.3 mmHg; the IOP significantly decreased to 14.6+/-3.2 mmHg 1 year postoperative. At each interval, the mean IOP was significantly lower than preoperatively (P=0.000). At 1 year, the complete success rate (IOP相似文献   

Long-term results of trabeculectomy with mitomycin C applied under the scleral flap

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to look at the long-term safety, and the effectiveness on intraocular pressure, of trabeculectomy and mitomycin C (MMC) applied under the scleral flap. METHODS: All patients undergoing trabeculectomy and MMC application during the period June 1992-August 1995 were included. Data on 30 eyes of 25 patients were reviewed. We looked at sociodemographic variables, intraocular pressure (IOP) control, visual acuities and bleb morphology. Bleb-related and other complications were also noted. Statistical analysis was performed with Student's paired t-test, and Kaplan-Meier life table analysis was utilised for IOP control. RESULTS: The mean age of patients (12 male and 13 female) was 56 years (range 7-79 years), with a mean follow-up period of 8.7 years (range 5-11 years). There was one eye with blebitis/endophthalmitis at 4 years, and one eye developed hypotonous maculopathy. Ten eyes were noted to have poor bleb morphology due to long-standing fibrosis, and the majority of these underwent further surgical intervention with 5-fluorouracil (5FU) needling. The IOP control showed good results, with mean IOP falling from a preoperative level of 24.8-15.2 mmHg at the last visit, with good probability of maintenance in the longer term. The main reason for reduced vision was pre-existing co-morbidity and development of lenticular opacities. CONCLUSION: In the series with the longest follow-up period our study showed that trabeculectomy augmented with MMC under the scleral flap in these difficult cases can achieve good long-term IOP control and is associated with minimal long-term complications.     

改良的扇形巩膜瓣半隧道切口行复合小梁切除术治疗原发性闭角型青光眼的临床疗效

目的　探讨改良的扇形巩膜瓣半隧道切口行复合小梁切除术治疗原发性闭角型青光眼的临床疗效。方法　采用病例对照研究方法对１１８例原发性闭角型青光眼患者进行分组。对照组５８例（７６眼）采用三角形巩膜瓣的复合小梁切除术;观察组６０例（７８眼）采用改良的扇形巩膜瓣半隧道切口的复合小梁切除术。记录两组患者的临床效果、术后是否浅前房、眼压情况、滤过泡形态等。结果　术后对照组浅前房发生率为１８．４２％,观察组浅前房发生率为１．２８％,两组差异有统计学意义（χ２＝１２．８６２,Ｐ＝０．０００）。术后１周和６个月,对照组患者眼压分别为（１３．３２±４．４１）ｍｍＨｇ（１ｋＰａ＝７．５ｍｍＨｇ）和（１４．６２±３．５０） ｍｍＨｇ,观察组患者眼压分别为（１３．２９±４．０８）ｍｍＨｇ和（１４．６７±３．７１）ｍｍＨｇ;眼压随时间推移有升高趋势;两组患者眼压比较,差异无统计学意义（Ｆ＝０．００３,Ｐ＝０．９５３）。术后１个月对照组功能性滤过泡占７８．９５％,观察组功能性滤过泡占９２．３１％,两组差异有统计学意义（χ２＝５．６１１,Ｐ＝０．０１８）。结论　采用改良的扇形巩膜瓣半隧道切口行复合小梁切除术治疗原发性闭角型青光眼,操作简便,浅前房发生少,术后降压效果及滤过泡形成好,手术成功率高。     

Stratus optical coherence tomography study of filtering blebs after primary trabeculectomy with a fornix‐based conjunctival flap

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between filtering bleb function and Stratus optical coherence tomography (OCT) images. Methods: We studied 72 eyes of 65 consecutive patients who had a fornix‐based conjunctival flap in primary trabeculectomy with mitomycin C (MMC). Filtering blebs with various types of glaucoma were examined using Stratus OCT. Success rates were defined as intraocular pressure (IOP) ≤ 15 mmHg and IOP reduction ≥ 25% without medication or additional surgery. Success rates among classified groups were compared using Kaplan–Meier survival curves and the log‐rank test. Results: Blebs were classified into three different categories on the basis of the following Stratus OCT patterns: cystoid type (multiple cysts inside the bleb; 17 eyes), diffuse type (low to high reflective areas that were mixed inside the bleb; 31 eyes) and layer type (medium to high reflective layer inside the bleb; 24 eyes). Success rates in the cystoid‐, diffuse‐ and layer‐type blebs were 94%, 97% and 75% (P = 0.02), respectively. Conclusion: In trabeculectomy with MMC and a fornix‐based conjunctival flap, there is a significant association between the success rates and the postoperative Stratus OCT findings of filtering blebs.     

小梁切除术不同结膜瓣滤过泡的形成分析

目的：探讨小梁切除术两种不同结膜瓣术后功能性滤过泡形成情况。方法：比较372例（372只眼）原发性青光眼不同结膜瓣小梁切除术术后功能性滤过泡形成情况，其中以角巩缘为基底的结膜瓣165只眼，以穹窿部为基底的结膜瓣207只眼。结果：术后1周对所有患者进行了观察，3个月时只有127只跟进行了随访。以角巩缘为基底的结膜瓣手术组术后1周滤过泡成功率为83．03％，3个月时为78．69％。以穹窿部为基底的结膜瓣手术组术后1周滤过泡成功率为55．07％，3个月时为53．03％。两组比较有明显差别。结论：本组研究发现，传统的以角巩缘为基底的结膜瓣术后滤过泡成功率高于以穹窿部为基底的结膜瓣，其术后降压效果相应亦较好。     

Determinants of bleb morphology in minimally invasive, clear-cornea micropenetrating glaucoma surgery with mitomycin C

PURPOSE: Antimetabolites, especially mitomycin C (MMC), increase the incidence of late bleb-related endophthalmitis in trabeculectomy. This is related to a higher incidence of avascular, thin, cystic, translucent blebs, which may be caused by a toxic effect on conjunctival tissue. An MMC dose-response study was carried out focusing on bleb morphology and function. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In a retrospective, comparative case series study, 2 successive groups of patients with complicated glaucoma were compared 2 years after a special, minimally invasive, filtering procedure (intrastromal holmium laser keratostomy). Preoperative local subconjunctival injections of a fixed MMC dose (4 microg) were used in group A, and lower MMC doses, calculated individually (1 or 2 microg), were used in group B. Bleb vascularity and morphology were evaluated by masked grading of photomicrographs. Bleb function was evaluated by intraocular pressure (IOP). RESULTS: Total bleb avascularity occurred in 63% of the blebs in group A and 0% in group B (P < 0.01). In eyes with IOP < or = 20 mmHg without medical treatment, the mean IOP was significantly lower in group 1 (8 vs 15 mm Hg, P < 0.002). A translucent cystic bleb without conjunctival stroma was observed in only 1 eye in group A. An optimal spongy stromal bleb was observed in all other eyes (96%) despite the different MMC doses. The numbers of complications in the 2 groups were nearly equal. CONCLUSIONS: Bleb avascularity after 4 microg MMC could be avoided by the use of 1 or 2 microg MMC on the basis of preoperative prognosticators for failure, but at the expense of some of the IOP-lowering effect. This indicates that the therapeutic index (clinical safety margin) of MMC seems to be narrow. An MMC dose-response relation was not observed for the thin, cystic, and translucent bleb. The low incidence of this bleb (4%) indicates that the operative technique, apart from the vascularity, may be the most essential determinant of bleb morphology.     

Mitomycin-C-augmented trabeculectomy for neovascular glaucoma. A preliminary report

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of trabeculectomy with intraoperative mitomycin C (MMC) in the management of eyes with neovascular glaucoma (NVG). METHODS: Fifteen eyes of 14 patients with NVG were included in the study. NVG was secondary to central retinal vein occlusion (3 eyes), hemiretinal vein occlusion (2 eyes), proliferative diabetic retinopathy (8 eyes), branch retinal vein occlusion (1 eye) and idiopathic (1 eye). Preoperative retinal ablation was performed in eyes with evidence of posterior segment ischaemia. Following this, all eyes underwent trabeculectomy with intraoperative MMC (0.4 mg/ml for 3 minutes). Clinical outcome assessment included visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP), bleb appearance, identification of complications and antiglaucoma medications required to control IOP. RESULTS: The mean IOP decreased from 38.6 +/- 12.9 mmHg (range, 15-64 mmHg) to 17.4 +/- 9.33 mmHg (range, 4-34 mmHg) (P = 0.001). Preoperative visual acuity ranged from light perception to 6/9 in the affected eye. Thirteen (86.6%) of 15 eyes improved vision or retained preoperative vision, one (6.7%) eye lost light perception and one (6.7%) eye developed tractional retinal detachment two years after trabeculectomy. Ten (66.7%) of 15 eyes were classified as surgical success with a mean follow-up of 28.6 +/- 26.3 months (range, 2-82 months). None of the patients developed choroidal haemorrhage, hypotony maculopathy, late onset bleb leak or endophthalmitis. CONCLUSION: Trabeculectomy with intraoperative MMC is a good treatment modality in the management of eyes with NVG.     

Effect of Excision of Avascular Bleb and Advancement of Adjacent Conjunctiva for Treatment of Hypotony

Purpose

To evaluate the efficacy of excision of avascular bleb and advancement of adjacent conjunctiva (EBAC) for treatment of hypotony after trabeculectomy with mitomycin C (MMC).

Methods

Fifteen patients (17 eyes) who received EBAC for correction of hypotony between September 1996 and October 2008 were reviewed retrospectively. The main outcomes were intraocular pressure (IOP) and postoperative complications.

Results

Hypotony (IOP <6 mmHg) of eight eyes (47.1%, seven patients) was caused by bleb perforation. Of these, two eyes (two patients) had a history of trauma. Hypotony appeared at 33.9±30.8 months, and EBAC was performed at 48.2±35.3 months after trabeculectomy with MMC. The mean follow-up period was 38.3±29.8 months. The qualified success rate of EBAC was 100% at 51 months after EBAC, and the complete success rate of EBAC was 76.5% at six months and 70.6% at 51 months, as determined by Kaplan-Meier analysis. Post-EBAC complications included blepharoptosis in four eyes (23.5%) and bleb perforation in one (5.9%). The blepharoptosis resolved within one month after EBAC in two patients. However, in the other patients, mild blepharoptosis remained at 17 and 22 months postoperatively.

Conclusions

EBAC was found to be an effective method for treatment of hypotony after trabeculectomy with MMC, and postoperative blepharoptosis was a major complication.