经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞术治疗晚期原发性肝癌

原发性肝癌患者就诊时大部分已失去手术切除机会 ,非手术治疗方法中 ,经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞术 (transctheterhepatic artery chem oembolitation,TAE)疗效好 ,已成为首选方法 [1 ] 。我科自1999年 10月— 2 0 0 1年 4月采用 TAE治疗 2 5例晚期原发性肝癌 ,取得较好疗效 ,现报告如下。1　资料与方法1.1　一般资料　男性 15例 ,女性 10例 ,年龄 37岁～ 72岁 ,中位年龄 4 9岁 ,超声及 CT检查均有单发或多发占位病变 ,均失去手术机会 ;块状型 14例 (其中>10 cm者 6例 ) ,结节型 7例 ,弥漫浸润型 4例 ;甲胎蛋白测定阳性 18例 ,阴性 7例 ,均符…     

肝动脉化疗栓塞对肝癌组织血管内皮生长因子表达的影响

目的探讨经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)对肝癌组织血管内生长因子(VEGF)表达的影响.方法手术切除的肝细胞癌标本42例,单纯手术20例,介入治疗后Ⅱ期手术22例,采用免疫组织化学方法及图像分析的方法检测各标本中VEGF的蛋白表达.结果TACE组和单纯手术组VEGF吸光度值分别为0.144土0.029、0.138士0.016,两者差异有显著性(P＜0.01).结论TACE治疗可能因为肝细胞癌缺氧和缺血再灌注损伤,诱导肝癌组织VEGF表达上调.     

经导管肝动脉灌注化疗及栓塞术治疗原发性肝癌护理体会

经导管肝动脉灌注化疗及栓塞术（TAIE）作为中晚期原发性肝癌（下简称肝癌）首选的故息疗法已在国内广泛开展。我们自1990年以来应用此方法治疗肝癌66例，疗效满意。在治疗中由于给予正确的护理，无一例出现严重不良反应和并发症，现将我们的护理体会介绍如下。临床资料本组共66例，男46例，女20例。年龄28－78岁，平均54岁。全部病例均经B超。CT（或MRI）、AFP检测确诊的中晚期肝癌病人。50例为巨块型，12例为结节型，4例为弥漫型。癌灶最大直径16cm，最小4cm。按全国协作组制订的分期法划分，Ⅱ期56例，Ⅲ期10例。护理方法一、术前…     

合理运用经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞治疗原发性肝癌

迄今为止,手术切除和肝移植仍是肝癌治疗中最彻底的方法。但是,由于肿瘤部位、大小、肝脏储备功能及病人全身情况等的限制,能采用此两种根治方法的病人仍是少数,为此,许多姑息性治疗方法如经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞（TACE）、瘤内酒精注射、微波固化、冷冻治疗、门静脉栓...     

经导管动脉栓塞化疗治疗原发性肝癌的疗效及对患者预后的影响

目的 探讨经导管动脉栓塞化疗(TACE)治疗原发性肝癌的疗效及对患者预后的影响.方法 依据治疗方式的不同将87例原发性肝癌患者分为对照组(n=41)和观察组(n=46),对照组患者给予经导管动脉灌注化疗(TAI),观察组患者给予TACE治疗.比较两组患者的近期疗效、肝功能指标[白蛋白、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、总胆红素(T...     

经导管动脉栓塞化疗对肝癌术后复发的效果

用碘化油经导管动脉栓塞化疗(TACE)对不能手术的肝细胞癌(HCC)患者有一定价值,文献报道1年存活率50％以上。但TACE对HCC术后复发的效果,迄今尚没有报道。本文作者分析术后复发HCC患者血管造影特征以及TACE治疗后存活时间,评价其效果。病人和方法:HCC术后复发组87例,男82例,女5例,年龄24～71岁。肝功能Child     

肝癌经导管动脉化疗栓塞术后发生栓塞综合征的影响因素

目的 探讨肝癌经导管动脉化疗栓塞术（TACE）后发生栓塞综合征（PES）的影响因素。方法 将148例经TACE治疗的肝癌患者按是否发生PES分为PES组和NPES组,每组74例。对比两组患者的一般资料,分析PES发生的危险因素。结果 NPES组与PES组患者性别、微球种类、微球个数、术前美国东部肿瘤协作组（ECOG）体力状况（PS）评分、巴塞罗那临床肝癌（BCLC）分期比较,差异均有统计学意义（P﹤0.05）。多因素分析显示,女性、术前ECOG PS评分较高、BCLC分期偏高、术中应用载药微球、微球个数较多均为肝癌患者TACE术后发生PES的危险因素（P﹤0.05）。结论 女性、术前ECOG PS评分较高、微球种类为载药微球、微球个数较多、BCLC分期偏高均为肝癌患者TACE术后发生PES的危险因素,应于围手术期对具备上述危险因素的患者给予针对性干预,以提高介入治疗的安全性与患者预后。     

残癌危险因素对肝癌切除术后肝动脉栓塞化疗效果的影响

目的 探讨术后辅助性肝动脉栓塞化疗对残癌低危和残癌高危患者预后的不同影响。方法 进入研究的病例分为干预组(辅助性动脉栓塞化疗组)和对照组(未行辅助性动脉栓塞化疗),根据残癌的高危因素将肝癌切除术的患者分为残癌高危者和残癌低危者,采用病例对照实验设计,以单因素统计方法和Cox模型,分析研究术后辅助性肝动脉栓塞化疗对肝癌切除术患者预后的影响,以及残癌高危因素对辅助性动脉栓塞化疗作用的影响。结果 对于残癌低危患者,干预组和对照组术后1,2,3,4年生存率分别为97．2％、78．0％、66．5％、66．5％和91．2％、81．4％、70．3％、54．4％,生存率差异无显著性(P=0．7667);而对于残癌高危患者,干预组和对照组术后1,2,3,4年生存率分别为89．5％、73．4％、59．2％、53．8％和70．5％、61．9％、46．8％、46．8％,生存率差异有显著性(P=0．0029)。Cox比例风险模型分析结果显示,辅助性动脉栓塞化疗对切除术后肝癌患者预后的影响,决定于患者有无残癌的危险因素,辅助性动脉栓塞化疗不是影响患者预后的独立因素。结论 术后给予辅助性肝动脉栓塞化疗,可延长有残癌高危因素患者的生存期,而对于无残癌危险因素的患者,术后辅助性肝动脉栓塞化疗不能延长生存期。     

肝细胞癌化疗栓塞后血清血管内皮细胞生长因子与转移关系的研究

目的　前瞻性评估肝细胞癌 (HCC)经导管化疗栓塞 (TACE)前后血清血管内皮细胞生长因子 (VEGF)表达变化与复发转移的关系。方法　采用酶联免疫夹心法 (ELISA)对 3 0例HCC患者分别于术前、术后 3d和 4周测量血清VEGF水平 ,TACE术后 3个月评估复发转移发生情况。结果　 3 0例HCC患者术前血清VEGF表达范围为 154.47± 90 .17pg/ml ,术后血清VEGF表达较术前增高 (P <0 .0 5)。在碘油分布不均匀及门静脉癌栓组中 ,血清VEGF表达增高。追踪半年后 ,血清VEGF水平升高者中有 74%复发 ,而血清VEGF表达下降者无一例复发。结论　HCC患者TACE后血清VEGF表达增加 ,与复发转移发生有关     

Serum vascular endothelial growth factor in the course of transcatheter arterial embolization of hepatocellular carcinoma.

We previously reported that in vitro hypoxic condition enhanced VEGF level and its receptor expression in hepatic cancer cell line, HepG2. Transcatheter hepatic arterial embolization (TAE) therapy is one of the vasculo-occlusive and hypoxic challenges to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Therefore, we examined the level of VEGF in sera of patients with HCC who underwent TAE during the course of the treatment. Thirty-eight patients with HCC and hepatitis C virus-positive cirrhosis were studied. Peripheral blood samples were taken before and 1, 3 and 7 days after TAE with informed consent. The serum levels of VEGF as well as hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), another hepatic remodeling factor, were measured. The molar ratio (BTR) of serum branched chain amino acid (BCAA) to tyrosine (Tyr), the serum levels of AST, ALT and LDH were also examined. Although the level of AST, ALT and LDH reached the peak value within 1 day after TAE, VEGF level increased significantly 7 days later. On the other hand, there were no significant alterations in the levels of HGF and BTR during the course of TAE. Although the level of HGF was significantly correlated with the level of VEGF before TAE, this correlation was no more observed after TAE. These data collectively suggest that VEGF may be secreted in response to clinical hypoxic intervention, TAE, independent of HGF or altered amino acid metabolism. VEGF may play a role as a sensitive marker for tumor ischemia.     

加用重组人血管内皮抑素的TACE治疗对肝癌组织VEGF和MVD的影响

目的 探讨经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞（TACE）中加用抗血管生成药物治疗肝细胞癌（HCC）后肝癌组织中血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）和微血管密度（MVD）的变化情况。方法 经确诊的HCC患者85例按照数字表法随机分为TACE组（对照组）和TACE中加用重组人血管内皮抑素组（治疗组）;对照组和治疗组均给予常规化疗栓塞药物,治疗组加用重组人血管内皮抑素注射液（恩度）30mg栓塞;TACE术当天和第28天分别穿刺取肿瘤组织,对其进行VEGF和MVD的测定。结果 对照组治疗前、后的MVD分别为61.76±20.12和 62.64±22.83（P＞0.05）,VEGF分别为125.94±75.41和190.07±86.96 （P＜0.01）;治疗组治疗前、后的MVD分别为62.00±24.18和51.48±15.79（P＜0.01）,VEGF分别为127.10±77.81和88.47±75.89（P＜0.01）。 治疗组和对照组的1年生存率分别为62.5％（25／40）和61.9％（26／42）。结论 TACE能够减少HCC组织内已生成的血管数量,影响VEGF分泌,促进病灶内新生血管生成;TACE术中栓塞加用恩度能够有效降低HCC组织中MVD和VEGF表达,增加TACE抗肿瘤血管生成的效果。     

Radiotherapy after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and portal vein tumor thrombus

Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is used in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma; however, it has limited effect on portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT). The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility and efficacy of radiotherapy targeting the PVTT after TACE for the tumor in the hepatic parenchyma. TACE was performed using epirubicin hydrochloride, iodized poppy seed oil, and gelatin sponge particles. Radiotherapy was performed targeting the PVTT to a total dose of 50 Gy in 25 fractions during 5 weeks. Twenty consecutive patients were treated with this combined treatment. Sixteen of 20 patients could complete the planned radiotherapy. Partial response was observed in 10, no change in 4, and progression in 6. The response rate was 50% (95% CI 28-72%). The 1-year overall survival rate was 25% (95% CI 6-44%), and the median survival time was 5.3 months. It was difficult to determine the late toxicities because of disease progression and additional TACE, and only one patient died without disease progression. Radiotherapy after TACE is feasible for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and PVTT. The survival figure, however, is still dismal, and further investigation is needed to establish the best combination of treatment modalities.     

膀胱动脉化疗栓塞对膀胱癌肿瘤血管内皮细胞生长因子表达的影响

目的 探讨膀胱动脉化疗栓塞对膀胱癌肿瘤血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)表达的影响.方法 对30例膀胱癌患者化疗栓塞前后的肿瘤组织,应用免疫组织化学S-P法染色测定VEGF表达,并对化疗后膀胱癌组织进行电镜超微结构观察及3年生存率随访.结果 本组患者化疗栓塞前后VEGF阳性表达率分别为73.33%、43.335,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05).超微结构观察到化疗栓塞后的癌细胞有明显受损改变,经随访3年复发率为16.67%.结论 化疗栓塞能降低膀胱癌组织VEGF的表达,提示化疗栓塞可能调节膀胱癌的分化程度,使肿瘤降级降期,减少术后转移,降低复发率,提高生存率.     

Impact of serum vascular endothelial growth factor on prognosis in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma after transarterial chemoembolization

Objective:To investigate the expression level of serum vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) and its relationship with the clinicopathological characteristics,and to assess the impact of serum VEGF as a predictive factor for HCC prognosis during transarterial chemoembolization(TACE) treatments.Methods:Serum VEGF levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) in 60 random patients who underwent TACE or transarterial infusion(TAI) for unresectable HCC between May and September 2008 and 12 healthy volunteers were also involved in this study to serve as control.All patients’ clinicopathological features were retrospectively analyzed.Serum VEGF levels were correlated with clinicopathological features of the HCC patients.The patients’ survival rates were analyzed with Kaplan-Meier survival curves and compared by the log-rank test.The prognostic significance of serum VEGF levels and factors related to survival rate were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analysis.Results:The median serum VEGF level in the HCC patients was 285 pg/ml(range 14 1,207 pg/ml),significantly higher than that of healthy controls(P=0.021).The serum VEGF levels were significantly correlated with platelet counts(r=0.396,P=0.002) but not other clinicopathological features.Patients with serum VEGF level >285 pg/ml had worse overall survival compared with those with serum VEGF level <285 pg/ml(P=0.002).By multivariate analysis,the serum VEGF level was a significant prognostic factor.Conclusion: High serum VEGF levels may predict poor prognosis of HCC after TACE. This study highlights the importance of tumor biomarker as a prognostic predictor in TACE therapy for HCC, which has an intrinsic problem of unavailability of histopathological prognostic features.     

吉西他滨联合奥沙利铂经肝动脉化疗栓塞治疗晚期肝细胞癌的临床观察

目的　评价吉西他滨联合奥沙利铂经肝动脉化疗栓塞（ＴＡＣＥ）治疗晚期肝细胞癌的有效性及不良反应。方法　６１例晚期肝细胞癌患者分为研究组（ｎ＝３１）与对照组（ｎ＝３０）,研究组患者接受吉西他滨联合奥沙利铂为主的ＴＡＣＥ治疗,对照组患者接受以氟尿嘧啶或阿霉素为主的ＴＡＣＥ治疗,３～５周为１疗程。评价两组患者的疗效和不良反应。结果　６１例患者均可评价疗效与不良反应。研究组和对照组的ＰＲ率分别为５８.１％和２６.７％,差异具有统计学意义（Ｐ＜０.０５）。研究组疾病控制率为８７.１％,高于对照组的６６.７％（Ｐ＜０.０５）。研究组的中位总生存期为１７个月,对照组为１３个月,差异具有统计学意义（Ｐ＜０.０５）。两组栓塞后综合征发生率并无明显差异,两组间常见的毒副反应均为骨髓抑制,且不良反应患者均可耐受。结论　吉西他滨联合奥沙利铂经肝动脉化疗栓塞治疗晚期肝细胞癌疗效好、不良反应小,值得临床进一步研究。     

原发性肝癌患者血清高水平VEGF的意义

目的:研究血清血管内皮生长因子(vascularendothelial growth factor, VEGF)水平与肝癌临床病理及肿瘤病理学之间的关系。方法:应用VEGF 165定量夹心ELISA法测定30 例正常人、30 例肝硬化和45例肝癌患者外周血清中VEGF的水平,并结合临床及肿瘤病理学的特点进行统计学分析。结果:正常人血清VEGF水平为(153±71)pg/mL,分布范围为(6~371) pg/mL;肝硬化患者血清VEGF水平为(158±67)pg/mL,分布范围为(4~352) pg/mL;45例肝癌患者血清VEGF为(312±206) pg/mL,分布范围为(34~968)pg/mL。肝癌患者的外周血VEGF水平显著高于正常人和肝硬化患者,P<0. 01。高水平的血清VEGF与肝癌的大小、包膜的不完整以及转移与复发有关, P<0. 01,而与肿瘤的分化程度无关, P>0 .01。当肿瘤发展到第Ⅳ期,血清VEGF水平显著升高, P<0. 01。结论:血清VEGF高水平是肝细胞肝癌具有血管侵犯和转移潜在危险的指标,预示不良的预后。