临床心理护理程序对食管癌患者的干预效果分析

目的 探讨临床心理护理程序对食管癌患者的干预效果.方法 选取本院2018年9月～2020年9月收治的92例食管癌患者作为研究对象,按随机数字表法将研究对象随机分为观察组和对照组,对照组46例患者给予常规护理,观察组46例患者在对照组基础上给予临床心理护理程序.观察对比两组患者护理前后的汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)评分、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评分、Piper疲乏修订量表(RPFS)评分和匹兹堡睡眠障碍指数量表(PSQI)评分,以及护理满意度.结果 观察组患者护理后的HAMA评分、HAMD评分、RPFS评分和PSQI评分均低于对照组(P＜0.05);观察组患者护理满意度(95.65％)高于对照组(71.74％)(P＜0.05).结论 临床心理护理程序可有效缓解食管癌患者的负面情绪,减轻其癌因性疲乏,改善睡眠质量,提高患者的护理满意度,值得临床推广应用.     

心理护理干预对创伤性骨折患者心理韧性及生活质量的影响

目的探讨心理护理干预对创伤性骨折患者心理韧性及生活质量的影响。方法选取创伤性骨折患者92例随机分为观察组与对照组各46例。对照组予以骨科常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上实施个性化心理护理干预。比较两组干预前后中文版心理韧性量表(CD-RISC)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、36项简明健康调查表(SF-36)量表评分。结果干预1个月后,两组HAMA、HAMD评分均显著降低,且观察组显著低于对照组(P0.05);干预后两组CD-RISC、SF-36量表评分均显著升高,且观察组显著高于对照组(P0.05)。结论心理护理干预能够显著改善创伤性骨折患者的心理韧性及情绪状态,提高患者的生活质量。     

心理护理对骨科患者焦虑抑郁情绪以及生活质量的疗效

目的研究心理护理对于骨科患者焦虑抑郁情绪以及生活质量的临床效果。方法选取我院从2014年9月至2015年8月收治的100例骨科患者,将100例骨科患者随机分为观察组(50例)和对照组(50例);对照组护理方式为常规护理,观察组在此基础上采取心理护理干预,将两组患者的护理干预前后的汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)评分与汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评分和SF-36健康调查量表评分以及护理干预后的并发症发生率。结果两组患者在护理干预前,HAMA,HAMD和SF-36评分,组间无明显差异(P0.05)。护理干预后两组HAMA评分与HAMD评分均降低,SF-36评分均升高,且观察组HAMA评分与HAMD评分低于对照组(P0.05);观察组的生活质量明显优于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。在并发症发生率方面,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论骨科患者予以心理护理可及时疏导患者的焦虑抑郁情绪,提高患者的生活质量,对于改善疾病的预后具有重要的临床意义。     

心理护理措施对于提高肝硬化患者的治疗依从性和生活质量的效果分析

目的探讨心理护理措施在提高肝硬化患者的治疗依从性和生活质量中的效果观察。方法选取我院2013年1月~2015年1月收治的肝硬化患者156例,按随机数字表的方法分为观察组(n=78)和对照组(n=78),予以对照组常规的护理措施,予以观察组心理护理措施。采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)和汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)分别对两组患者干预前后的抑郁和焦虑状况进行评估,采用健康调查量表评定两组患者治疗后的生活质量,并且对两组患者的治疗依从性进行比较。结果干预前,观察组患者和对照组患者的HAMA和HAMD评分差异无显著性(P0.05),干预后,观察组患者的HAMA和HAMD评分显著低于对照组(P0.05);观察组患者的生活质量量表评分8个因子均显著高于对照组(P0.05);观察组患者的治疗总依从性显著高于对照组(P0.05)。结论心理护理干预措施能够有效改善肝硬化患者的焦虑和抑郁状态,并加强提高患者的治疗依从性,同时辅助提高患者的生活质量。     

个性化护理对肝癌患者术后心理状态和生活质量的影响

目的研究个性化护理干预对肝癌患者术后心理状态和生活质量的影响。方法选取我院从2014年2月至2015年8月收治的肝癌患者100例,按照随机数字法分为观察组(50例)和对照组(50例);对照组采取常规护理,观察组在对照组的基础上采取个性化护理,将两组患者的汉密尔顿焦虑(HAMA)评分和汉密尔顿抑郁(HAMD)评分、生活质量以及护理满意率进行对比分析。结果 HAMA评分与HAMD评分方面:观察组评分明显低于对照组(P0.05)。生活质量方面:观察组生活质量优于对照组(P0.05)。护理满意度方面:观察组的护理满意率为明显高于对照组(P0.05)。结论个性化护理干预可改善患者心理状态并提高的生活质量以及护理满意率。     

心理干预与健康教育对脑梗塞患者的效果

目的 分析脑梗塞患者应用心理干预+健康教育的效果及对患者心理状况的影响.方法 选择本院2019年2月至2021年2月住院治疗的94例脑梗塞患者,通过随机数字表法分组,参照组47例患者采纳常规护理,试验组47例患者在参照组基础上采纳心理干预+健康教育,对比两组运动功能Fugl-Meyer量表(FAM)评分、美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)评分、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、治疗依从性、护理满意度.结果 试验组护理后FAM评分高于参照组,试验组护理后NIHSS评分、HAMA评分、HAMD评分均低于参照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).试验组治疗依从性(95.74％)、护理满意度(93.62％)均高于参照组(70.21％、65.96％),差异均具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 心理干预+健康教育可有效减轻脑梗塞患者神经功能受损程度、不良情绪,改善肢体功能,提高治疗依从性及满意度.     

针对性护理措施对脑卒中后焦虑抑郁患者生活能力和神经功能的影响

目的研究脑不同护理措施对脑卒中后焦虑抑郁患者的生活能力和神经功能的影响。方法选取我院从2014年7月至2015年8月收治的脑卒中后焦虑抑郁的患者120例,采用随机数字表法将上述患者分为观察组(60例)和对照组(60例);对照组采取常规护理方法进行护理,观察组采取功能锻炼以及心理护理,观察对比两组患者的护理满意率、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)评分、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评分以及国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分、日常生活能力量表的Barthel指数。结果两组患者实施相应的护理干预前HAMA评分、HAMD评分以及Barthel指数,组间比较无明显差异(P0.05)。护理干预结束后,两组的上述量表各项指标评分较护理前均有改善(P0.05);且观察组护理满意度为100.00%,对照组91.67%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组的NIHSS评分、Barthel评分均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组的HAMA评分、HAMD评分均低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论脑卒中后焦虑抑郁患者采取功能锻炼及心理护理,可以更有效地促进患者神经功能的恢复,且减少焦虑抑郁等负性情绪的发生,提高护理满意率,对患者疾病的康复与预后均具有很大的改善,因此值得临床推广。     

延续性护理干预对头面部整形手术患者术后焦虑抑郁的影响

目的探讨延续性护理干预对于头面部整形患者术后焦虑、抑郁情绪的影响。方法将92例头面部整形手术患者随机分为观察组与对照组,各46例。对照组予以常规护理,观察组在对照组的基础上予以延续性护理干预。对比两组干预前后汉密尔顿焦虑(HAMA),汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、医学应对方式(MCMQ)及术后满意度评分。结果干预后观察组HAMA、HAMD、MCMQ评分改善幅度显著高于对照组(P0.05);观察组的手术效果、护理工作、生活质量及自信心的满意度评分均显著高于对照组(P0.05)。结论延续性护理干预对头面部整形手术患者的应对方式有正面效应,有利于缓解患者的焦虑、抑郁情绪并提高术后满意度。     

基于网络平台的延续护理干预对高血压伴抑郁患者的疗效

目的探讨基于网络平台的延续护理干预对高血压伴抑郁患者的不良情绪及生活质量的影响。方法选择体检人群中108例高血压伴抑郁患者为研究对象,随机分为观察组与对照组,每组各54例。两组患者均根据体检结果给予常规护理干预,观察组在此基础上联合基于网络平台的延续护理干预。1年后,采取汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评分评价两组患者焦虑、抑郁状态,采取疾病生存质量评定量表(QOL)评价两组患者生活质量情况。结果随访1年,观察组与对照组实际完成随访51例、47例。两组患者干预后HAMA、HAMD评分均较干预前明显减少(P0.05),且观察组HAMA、HAMD评分明显少于对照组(P0.05);对照组患者干预前后生活质量各维度及总分均无明显差异(P0.05),观察组干预后生活质量各维度及总分均明显高于干预前及对照组(P0.05)。结论常规护理合并基于网络平台的护理干预有助于更好地改善高血压伴抑郁体检人群的不良情绪,提高生活质量,值得推广应用。     

综合康复护理应用于急性脑梗死伴抑郁症状患者中的临床效果研究

目的研究急性脑梗死伴抑郁症状患者应用综合康复护理的临床效果研究。方法选取我院从2014年7月至2015年5月收治的脑梗死患者100例,采用随机数字表法将100例脑梗死患者分为观察组(50例)和对照组(50例);对照组采取常规护理方法进行护理,观察组采取综合康复护理进行干预,观察对比两组患者的护理满意率、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评分与生活质量情况。结果两组患者在实施护理前HAMA、HAMD以及生活质量评估组间无明显差异(P0.05);护理结束后观察统计两组患者的护理满意率,观察组为100.00%,对照组为92.00%,两组进行比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);两组在护理后HAMA、HAMD评分较护理前均降低,且生活质量优于护理前,且上述差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组的HAMA评分与HAMD评分在护理后均优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组护理后的生活质量均优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论脑梗死患者经过综合康复护理干预后,患者的护理满意率得到了明显的提高,且负性情绪得到了明显的改善,患者的心理承受能力得到了进步,因此值得在临床上进一步推广应用。     

Denervation study of synapses of organ of corti of old world monkeys

Fine structural characteristics of synapses in the spiral organ of Corti were examined, with reference to differences between inner and outer haircell systems, and to location of neurons of origin of efferent axons. Surgical interruption of crossed olivocochlear bundle, of vestibular nerve, of facial nerve, and excision of superior cervical ganglia were used to determine the pathways of efferent axons. Interruption of the vestibular nerve near the brainstem results in degeneration of all efferent terminals on outer hair cells. Mid-line lesions at, and caudal to, the facial colliculus result in degeneration of about half of these efferent terminals. Efferent synaptic bulbs to the inner hair-cell system are small, of the order of one micron, and form type 2 junctions with afferent dendrites. They tend to have more large dense-core vesicles (about 80 nm) than the large efferent terminals of the outer hair-cell system, and appear to be the terminals of axons in the habenula perforata, which exhibit varicosities laden with large dense core vesicles. The varicosities are unaffected by excision of the superior cervical ganglia. So far as our material can reveal, it appears that the varicosities in the habenula perforata do not survive vestibular root interruption, nor do the efferent processes in the internal spiral bundle or at the base of inner hair cells. Most interestingly, the afferent processes of the inner hair-cell system, as identified for example by their relation to pre-synaptic bodies in the inner hair cells, are subject to a trans-synaptic reaction after severance of the vestibular root. They undergo a dramatic cytological transformation, characterized by increase of volume, engorgement with microtubules, microfilaments, microvesicles of various sizes, and clusters of lysosomes. Thus, both the efferent and afferent terminals of the inner hair-cell system show marked cytological differences from the corresponding terminals of the outer hair cell system.     

Mechanism of action of tubocurarine on nicotinic cholinoreceptors of neurons of the sympathetic ganglia of rats

Tubocurarine (Tc) effect on membrane currents elicited by acetylcholine (ACh) was studied in isolated superior cervical ganglion neurons of rat using patch-clamp method in the whole-cell recording mode. The "use-dependent" block of ACh current by Tc was revealed in the experiments with ACh applications, indicating that Tc blocked the channels opened by ACh. Mean lifetime of Tc-open channel complex, tau, was found to be 9.8 +/- 0.5 s (n = 7) at -50 mV and 20-24 degrees C. tau exponentially increased with membrane hyperpolarization (e-fold change in tau corresponded to the membrane potential shift by 61 mV). Inhibition of the ACh-induced current by Tc (3-30 microM/1) was completely abolished by membrane depolarization to the level of 80-100 mV. Inhibition of ACh-induced current was augmented at increased ACh doses. It is concluded that the open channel block produced by Tc is likely to be the only mechanism for Tc action on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in superior cervical ganglion neurons of rat.     

The effect of age of onset of PD on risk of dementia

Background Dementia occurs in the majority of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Late onset of PD has been reported to be associated with a higher risk for dementia. However, age at onset (AAO) and age at baseline assessment are often correlated. The aim of this study was to explore whether AAO of PD symptoms is a risk factor for dementia independent of the general effect of age. Methods Two community-based studies of PD in New York (n = 281) and Rogaland county, Norway (n = 227) and two population-based groups of healthy elderly from New York (n = 180) and Odense, Denmark (n = 2414) were followed prospectively for 3–4 years and assessed for dementia according to DSM-IIIR. All PD and control cases underwent neurological examination and were followed with neurological and neuropsychological assessments. We used Cox proportional hazards regression based on three different time scales to explore the effect of AAO of PD on risk of dementia, adjusting for age at baseline and other demographic and clinical variables. Findings In both PD groups and in the pooled analyses, there was a significant effect of age at baseline assessment on the time to develop dementia, but there was no effect of AAO independent of age itself. Consistent with these results, there was no increased relative effect of age on the time to develop dementia in PD cases compared with controls. Interpretation This study shows that it is the general effect of age, rather than AAO that is associated with incident dementia in subjects with PD. Received in revised form: 22 December 2005     

Limits of deinstitutionalization--perspectives of relatives of psychiatric patients

After a hopeful beginning, the social process of the reintegration of those with severe mental illness has come to a standstill. I am led to wonder whether "the community" really wants to live together with people suffering from severe mental illness, and if so, how closely? As long as the medical treatment of mental illness provided by the general practitioners is fundamentally deficient, as they are not able to prescribe the necessary interventions--such as out-patient psychiatric nursing, and service providers in the out-patient sector are content with offering increasingly intensive forms of care for the less seriously ill at the cost of the Social Welfare System--the reintegration of those with serious mental illness remains an illusion--which is mainly to the benefit of providers of residential care in homes and hostels.