经导管超选择性栓塞治疗巨大肝海绵状血管瘤

目的评价经导管超选择性插管治疗巨大肝海绵状血管瘤（CHL）的安全性及治疗效果。方法 27例直径大于5cm的巨大CHL患者,其中男性8例,女性19例;年龄38～64岁,平均年龄47.3岁。使用同轴微导管行超选择性插管,根据病灶大小采用平阳霉素、超液化碘油、2%利多卡因、庆大霉素制成乳剂12.5～22.5mL进行栓塞治疗,术后随访6～9个月。结果所有病例均治疗成功,术后6个月全部瘤体直径均小于4cm,25例肝血管瘤体积缩小大于50%,所有患者无严重并发症出现。结论经导管超选择性栓塞治疗巨大CHL安全性高,治疗效果好,应作为巨大CHL的首选治疗方法。     

射频热毁损治疗肝脏恶性肿瘤

射频热毁损 (radiofrequency therm al ablation,RFA)是国内外近几年来开展的一项治疗肝脏恶性肿瘤的新技术 ,具有快速毁损肝脏肿瘤而且安全性高、并发症少、患者易接受、可重复治疗等诸多优点 ,具有良好的应用前景 〔1～ 4〕。1　射频治疗仪和射频热毁损原理射频 (RF)是一种频率在 30 HHz- 30 0 MHz的高频电磁波 ,电流高度集中 ,随高频发生离子振荡而产生 90～ 12 0℃的高温。射频治疗仪主要由射频发射器、针式治疗电极、弥散电极板及 B超监视系统等部分组成〔1 ,2〕。目前使用的主流机型为 RF2 0 0 0 TM型治疗仪 ,其发射器频率为 46…     

24例肝海绵状血管瘤外科诊治体会

肝海绵状血管瘤是一种较为常见的肝脏良性肿瘤,我院近十年来经手术和病理确诊24例,外科疗效满意,本文就其诊治结果总结如下。 一、临床资料 1.一般资料:本组24例中,男8例,女16例;年龄24～52岁,平均32岁。上腹隐胀不适15例,健康体检发现7例,2例伴慢性胆囊炎出现右上腹隐痛。B超检查24例,CT 24例,同位素肝血池扫描8例,选择性肝动脉造影2例。血管瘤直径≤     

肝海绵状血管瘤的介入治疗

目的评价使用平阳霉素碘化油乳剂经肝动脉栓塞治疗肝海绵状血管瘤的临床疗效。方法50例肝血管瘤患者．其中男性21例．女性29例．年龄23～70岁．平均年龄49岁。血管瘤位于肝左叶11例，肝右叶32例，同时累及肝两叶者7例；病变单发者30例，多发者20例。有上腹隐痛、腹胀、贫血及腹部包块等症状者22例，无症状者28例。全部病例经B超、CT、MRI和／或肝动脉造影确诊。采用DSA设备，以Seldinger技术经股动脉穿刺插管，行选择性肝动脉、肠系膜上动脉造影。其中10例为2次栓塞．40例行1次栓塞。通过导管超选择插管至肝血管瘤的供血动脉．使用平阳霉素碘化油乳剂经肝动脉进行栓塞治疗。结果所有病例均成功实施了栓塞治疗．治疗后患者症状缓解．瘤体缩小．无严重并发症，生活质量明显提高。结论使用平阳霉素碘化油乳剂经肝动脉栓塞治疗肝海绵状血管瘤疗效肯定，安全性好。     

肝海绵状血管瘤影像诊断

肝海绵状血管瘤(Cavernous Hemangioma ofthe Liver,CHL)是肝脏常见的良性肿瘤。尸检统计结果表明该病罹患率达7.3%[1]。自Frerichs[2]1961年首次报道CHL以来,有关CHL的文献日渐增多,尤其影像诊断技术的提高及其广泛应用,使得CHL的诊断敏感度逐步提高。随着介入放射学的发展,经     

B超引导下MPCNL治疗上尿路结石

目的 探讨B超引导下微创经皮肾镜取石(MPCNL)疗上尿路结石的方法、疗效及并发症.方法 回顾分析我院2008年7月～2009年7月应用B超引导下MPCNL治疗上尿路结石132例患者的临床资料.对其方法、疗效、手术并发症进行分析总结.结果 全部病例均顺利建立经皮肾取石通道,单通道取石118例,双通道取石14例,一期取石117例,二期取石15例,手术时间60～180min,总结石取净率87.9%(116/132).术中出血3例,冲洗液外渗2例,术后感染3例,无血气胸、腹腔脏器损伤、肾切除等严重并发症.结论 B超引导下MPCNL治疗上尿路结石是一种穿刺成功率高、安全、有效的微创治疗方法,值得在基层医院开展.     

B超引导下MPCNL治疗上尿路结石

目的探讨B超引导下微创经皮肾镜取石术（MPCNL）治疗上尿路结石的方法、疗效及并发症。方法回顾分析我院2008年7月～2009年7月应用B超引导下MPCNL治疗上尿路结石132例患者的临床资料。对其方法、疗效、手术并发症进行分析总结。结果全部病例均顺利建立经皮肾取石通道,单通道取石118例,双通道取石14例,一期取石117例,二期取石15例,手术时间60～180min,总结石取净率87.9%（116/132）。术中出血3例,冲洗液外渗2例,术后感染3例,无血气胸、腹腔脏器损伤、肾切除等严重并发症。结论 B超引导下MPCNL治疗上尿路结石是一种穿刺成功率高、安全、有效的微创治疗方法,值得在基层医院开展。     

B超诊断胎盘血管瘤的临床价值

本文总结分析了Ｂ超诊断和病理证实的胎盘血管瘤１２例，从优生的角度着重探讨了胎盘肿瘤对胎儿发育的影响和胎盘肿瘤的超声特点及鉴别诊断。结果表明，直径〈５ｃｍ的胎盘肿瘤对孕妇及胎儿发育无明显影响，直径〉５ｃｍ的胎盘肿瘤部分可引起孕妇压迫症状，胎儿发育迟缓和羊水过多症，应终止妊娠。     

B超引导下穿刺注射红霉素治疗肾囊肿

自 1996年 6月～ 2 0 0 0年 4月 ,对肾囊肿 52例 ,在Ｂ超引导下经皮穿刺注射红霉素治疗 ,效果满意 ,报告如下 .1　临床资料　 52例中 .男 4 2例 ,女 10例 .年龄36～ 78岁 ,平均 6 2岁 .单侧单发 4 5例 ,单侧多发 5例 ,双侧均单发 2例 .囊肿最大 7ｃｍ× 6ｃｍ× 6ｃｍ ,最小 2ｃｍ× 2ｃｍ× 2ｃｍ . 4 0例无任何症状 ,由Ｂ超发现 ;12例有腰酸、胀痛、下坠感 ,1例有发热、血尿 .2　方法　用美国ＨＤＩ 30 0 0三维彩超 ,配 9～ 12号腰穿针穿刺 .病人取俯卧位 ,以消毒Ｂ超探头探查囊肿大小、部位、深度 ,确定穿刺点及角度 ,局麻后 ,刺向囊肿 ,…     

颞叶海绵状血管瘤继发癫痫的手术治疗

目的讨以癫痫为临床表现的颞叶海绵状血管瘤外科治疗方法对疗效的影响。方法回顾性总结2013年5月至2017年10月在北京协和医院神经外科行手术治疗的14例颞叶海绵状血管瘤的癫痫患者的临床资料和随访结果。使用国际抗癫痫联盟2001年提出的等级分类方法对患者癫痫控制情况进行评估。结果无死亡病例。全部患者无远期神经功能障碍。最后一次随访结果显示13例(92.8%)患者近1年无癫痫发作。结论继发于海绵状血管瘤的颞叶癫痫患者,通过综合评估病史、术前磁共振影像学、术中电生理监测,合理确定手术切除范围,手术治疗可获得良好的治疗效果。     

Automated variable power cold microwave tissue processing: A novel universal tissue processing protocol without using formaldehyde and xylene

The tissue processing technique is used to preserve the biological structure of tissue samples harvested from biopsy as closely as possible to their in vivo state for the diagnoses and study of disease on the cellular level. This process includes fixation, dehydration, clearing, paraffin infiltration. The protocol follows paraffin block embedding, microtome slicing, staining, and microscope slide studying. Tissue processing is a time-sensitive task as histopathologists must rapidly prevent the decomposition of tissue samples and promptly provide diagnoses on time. However, there are different tissue processing protocols for processing tissues with different types and sizes. Fatty tissues and tissues thicker than 1.5 mm are more susceptible to human errors when choosing a proper tissue processing protocol when preparing separate batches of tissues. In this research, a novel automated variable power cold microwave tissue processor was developed using a universal tissue processing protocol (processing time of 97 min) to simultaneously process all tissue types up to 4 mm in thickness. The tissue processor operated with a relatively smaller number of reagents without formaldehyde or xylene. These materials cause severe health and safety issues for humans and the environment. The quality of healthy and diseased processed tissues (sizes 1×1×1 to 24×15×4 mm) of fatty, thyroid, breast, placenta, skin, prostate, stomach, and bladder was examined under a light microscope by defining MAS (morphology, artifacts, and staining) criteria for evaluating cellular details, tissue arrangement, tissue integrity, stain uptake, and visual distinction of a tissue structure in light microscopy. It was found that the new tissue processor has successfully processed both healthy and diseased fatty and nonfatty tissue samples, while all tissue samples also met MAS criteria. Light microscopy showed outstanding integrity and arrangement in the tissue structures with an excellent visual distinction.     

微波行兔脾部分切除术后巨噬细胞吞噬功能的研究

探讨微波在行兔脾部分切除术后对脾免疫功能的影响。微波行兔脾部分切除术(PSM)组12只和假拟手术(SO)组6只术后4周,均经耳静脉注射肺炎双球菌悬浮液,并经门静脉注射印度墨汁,全组均行脾组织切片采用H-E染色,检测巨噬细胞的吞噬功能。脾巨噬细胞的吞噬功能分级在PSM组与SO组两组间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。脾重量在两组间也无显著性差异(P>0.05)。微波行兔脾部分切除术能较好保留脾巨噬细胞的吞噬功能,提示微波行保脾手术具有一定的临床应用价值。     

微波固定组织对超微结构影响的电镜观察

目的：观察微波照射固定对组织细胞器结构的影响，方法：将大鼠肝组织分别浸泡在生理盐水、０．２５％戊二醛、２．５％戊二醛、５戊二醛液体中，按不同时间进行微波照射固定后，常规制片，电镜观察。结果：ＭＩ时间≤２０ｓ，液体的温度≤２５℃，肝细胞内各有形成分均有一煊膨胀。ＭＩ时间≥６０ｓ，液体的温度≥４５℃时，肝细胞内各有形成分不同程度破坏，其中戊二醛各组较生理盐水组严重，且戊二醛组中，戊二醛浓度越高，对细胞     

微波固化术结合肝动脉、门静脉双化疗对中晚期肝细胞癌治疗的临床研究

目的 探讨经皮微波固化术(PMCT)结合经导管肝动脉、门静脉双化学治疗(简称化疗)中晚期肝细胞癌的临床疗效及安全性.方法 选取2005年6月～2008年12月第四军医大学唐都医院普通外科收治的136例中晚期肝细胞癌患者,其中男性89例,女性47例;年龄17～82岁,中位年龄62.3岁.随机分为PMCT微创治疗组(A组,...     

Fixation of cells in tissue culture by microwave irradiation

Summary A novel method employing in situ microwave fixation for cells cultured in monolayer is described. This method, which avoids the cell loss associated with chemical fixation, is useful for cells intended for immunofluorescence studies, for prefixation of cells for electron microscopy, and for other situations requiring cell fixation.     

Concentrations of connective tissue growth factor in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Association with liver fibrosis

Aim: In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between the histological fibrosis stage of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and serum connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) to determine the usefulness of this relationship in clinical practice. Methods: Serum samples were collected from 51 patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD and 28 healthy controls, and serum levels of CTGF were assayed by ELISA. Results: Levels of CTGF were significantly higher in patients with NAFLD compared with controls (P=0.001). The serum CTGF levels were significantly increased, that correlated with histological fibrosis stage, in patients with NAFLD [in patients with no fibrosis (stage 0) 308.2 ± 142.9, with mild fibrosis (stage 1-2) 519.9 ± 375.2 and with advanced fibrosis (stage 3-4) 1353.2 ± 610 ng/l, P < 0.001]. Also serum level of CTGF was found as an independent predictor of histological fibrosis stage in patients with NAFLD (β = 0.662, t=5.6, P <0.001). The area under the ROC curve was estimated 0.931 to separate patients with severe fibrosis from patients with other fibrotic stages. Conclusion: Serum levels of CTGF may be a clinical utility for distinguishing NAFLD patients with and without advanced fibrosis.     

Self-localization of laser induced tumour coagulation limited by heat diffusion through active tissue

We analyse necrosis growth due to thermal coagulation induced by laser light absorption and limited by heat diffusion into the surrounding live tissue. The tissue is assumed to contain a tumour in the undamaged tissue where the blood perfusion rate does not change during the action. By contrast, normal tissue responds strongly to an increase in the tissue temperature and the blood perfusion rate can grow by tenfold. We study in detail necrosis formation under conditions typical of a real course of thermal therapy treatment. The duration of the treatment is about 5 minutes when a necrosis domain of about 1 cm or above is formed. In particular, if the tumour size is sufficiently large, i.e. it exceeds 1 cm, and the tissue response is not too delayed, i.e. the delay time does not exceed 1 min, then there are conditions under which the relative volume of the damaged normal tissue is small in comparison with the tumour volume after the tumour is totally coagulated.     

高功率脉冲微波辐照对大鼠血清生化指标影响的研究

目的:通过对高功率脉冲微波(highpowerpulsemicrowave,HPPMW)辐照后Wistar大鼠血清中生化指标的动态观察,探讨HPPMW对机体整体的影响。方法:二级雄性Wistar大鼠35只,随机分为7组,每组5只,其中1组为空白对照,其余6组为辐照组。用高功率脉冲微波源,以功率密度为3050W/cm2脉冲微波(频率为5.4GHz,脉宽为26ns)辐照辐照组动物。于辐照后1h、6h、24h、7d、14d及28d分别采血,用美国Coulter-JTIR全自动生化仪对血清中ALT、TP、ALB、GLU、BUN、CRE、AST、LD、LD1、CK、CK-MB、HBDH、ALP、GGT及CHOL进行测定。所有数据经Spss8.0统计软件处理。结果:大鼠被辐射后的1h～28d间多种生化指标出现明显改变(P<0.01)。结论:HPPMW可引起大鼠血清多种酶、蛋白及代谢产物的紊乱,既有早期影响,也表现为一定的持续效应。提示HPPMW可能引起大鼠多系统、多脏器的损伤。     

Activation of blood coagulation in autoimmune skin disorders

The immune system and blood coagulation are simultaneously activated in several inflammatory systemic disorders, such as lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel diseases. Proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6 and TNF-α, induce the expression of tissue factor, the main initiator of blood coagulation. Activated proteases of coagulation in turn act on protease-activated receptors, inducing the expression of various proinflammatory cytokines. This cross-talk between inflammation and coagulation amplifies and maintains the activation of both systems. This review focuses on three skin disorders: chronic urticaria (CU), which is considered autoimmune in approximately 50% of cases, bullous pemphigoid (BP), which is the prototype of autoimmune blistering disease, and psoriasis, which is an immune-mediated dermatitis. In CU, the activation of coagulation, which is due to the involvement of eosinophils and tissue factor pathways with the generation of thrombin, has local implications by increasing dermal vascular permeability. Preliminary data indicate that anticoagulant treatment with heparin and warfarin may be effective in reducing the symptoms of this disorder. In BP, the activation of coagulation seems to have both local and systemic implications. Locally, eosinophils and thrombin participate in bulla formation and tissue damage; systemically, the activation of coagulation may explain the increased thrombotic risk observed in these patients. In psoriasis, the activation of coagulation seems to be mainly systemic, potentially contributing to the increased cardiovascular risk associated with this disease.