病毒性肝炎患者EBV感染的临床意义

目的：探讨ＥＢＶ感染对病毒性肝炎的作用及临床意义。方法：用ＥＬＩＳＡ法和ＰＣＲ法分别检测５７０例病毒性肝炎患者血清中ＥＢＶ－ＩｇＭ、ＩｇＧ和ＥＢＶ－ＤＮＡ。结果：①血清中ＥＢＶ现行感染率（ＥＢＶＩｇＭ和ＰＣＲ阳性）在乙型肝炎１３．０７％（２６／１９９），混合型肝炎２２．９５％（１４／６１），高于甲型３．３７％（３／８９），丙型９．９３％（１４／１４１）和戊型肝炎２．５０％（２／８０）（Ｐ＜０．０５，Ｐ＜０．０１）。②在慢性活动性肝炎１６．０６％（３５／２１８），重症肝炎１４．２８％（２／１４），高于急性肝炎４．７６％（８／１６８），慢性迁延性肝炎４．５０％（５／１１１）（Ｐ＜０．０５，Ｐ＜０．０１）。③４例ＥＢＶ感染的病毒性肝炎患者经干扰素治疗后，１例ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ转阴（１／４），而无ＥＢＶ感染患者３例治疗后２例转阴。结论：ＥＢＶ感染是病毒性肝炎慢性化、重症化的重要因素，并可能影响干扰素疗效     

102例乳腺癌中的EB病毒感染

探讨国人乳腺癌中ＥＢ病毒ＤＮＡ的检出率及ＥＢ病毒基因编码蛋白的表达情况。方法 １：在１０２例乳腺癌中用聚合酶链反应技术扩增ＥＢＶ内部重复序列ＢａｍＨＩＷ区域，并以３４例服民腺纤维腺瘤，３例管内乳头状瘤和１０例乳腺导管上皮增生作为对照组；２．肜ＡＢＣ免疫组织化学技术检测其中７３例乳腺癌中的ＥＢＶ潜在膜蛋白和ＥＢＶ核抗原２．结果 １．ＰＣＲ检测显示２９例乳腺癌有ＥＢＶＣ－ＤＮＡ，而对照组中仅２例纤维腺     

EB病毒与鼻腔窦鳞癌关系的初步研究

用多聚酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）技术检测３０例鼻腔鼻窦鳞状细胞癌（鳞癌）及２０例鼻腔窦粘膜组织中ＥＢ病毒的ＤＮＡ（ＥＢＶ－ＤＮＡ），探讨ＥＢＶ与鼻腔鼻窦鳞癌间的关系，研究发现ＥＢＶ－ＤＮＡ在鼻腔鼻窦鳞和鼻腔鼻窦粘膜中的阳性率无显著性差异，提示ＥＢＶ可能在鼻腔鼻窦鳞癌的发病机理上无重要作用，Ｔ２－４Ｎ０Ｍ０的ＥＢＶ－ＤＮＡ的阳性率高于Ｔ１Ｎ０Ｍ０（Ｐ〈０．０５），而ＥＢＶ在鼻腔鼻窦鳞癌的发展中所起的作用仍有     

鼻咽癌体外传代细胞株SUNE中EBV-LMP_1全基因的扩增

用长片段高保真度ＰＣＲ扩增系统（ｅｘｐａｎｄＴＭｈｉｇｈｆｉｄｅｌｉｔｙＰＣＲｓｙｓｔｅｍ）从鼻咽癌（ＮＰＣ）体外传代细胞株ＳＵＮＥ中扩增出ＥＢ病毒（ＥＢＶ）潜伏膜蛋白（ＬＭＰ１）全基因，经凝胶电泳分析和ＤＮＡ斑点杂交进行鉴定。扩增片段长度为３．４３ｋｂ，相当于Ｂ９５－８细胞ＥＢＶ基因序列位置为１７００３３～１６６６０８ｎｔ，包括ＬＭＰ１基因的上游启动子／增强子序列、ＬＭＰ１编码序列的３个外显子、两个内含子及下游ｐｏｌｙＡ信号序列。ＬＭＰ１全基因的扩增对于深入研究ＬＭＰ１基因的结构与功能以及ＬＭＰ１在ＮＰＣ发生发展中的作用机制具有十分重要的价值。     

肺部感染性疾病巨细胞病毒感染状态分析

目的 分析肺部巨细胞病毒（ＣＭＶ）感染状况及其意义，方法 应用ＰＣＲ技术检测４５例肺部感染性疾病患者的肺泡灌洗液（ＢＡＬＦ），保护性标本刷（ＰＳＢ）洗涤液及血白细胞ＣＭＶＤＮＡ，应用ＥＬＩＳＡ技术检测血清ＣＭＶＩｇＭ，结果 ＢＡＬＦ，ＰＳＢ，血白细胞ＣＭＶ－ＤＮＡ及血清ＩｇＭ的阳性率分别为３１．１１％，３５．５５％，１３．３３％和５１．１１％，肺部ＣＭＶ感染病毒血症的发生率为２８．５７％，肺癌与非     

EB病毒与鼻腔鼻窦鳞癌关系的初步研究

用多聚酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）技术检测３０例鼻腔鼻窦鳞状细胞癌（鳞癌）及２０例鼻腔鼻窦粘膜组织中ＥＢ病毒的ＤＮＡ（ＥＢＶ－ＤＮＡ），探讨ＥＢＶ与鼻腔鼻窦鳞癌间的关系。研究发现ＥＢＶ－ＤＮＡ在鼻腔鼻窦鳞癌和鼻腔鼻窦粘膜中的阳性率无显著性差异，提示ＥＢＶ可能在鼻腔鼻窦鳞癌的发病机理上无重要作用。Ｔ２～４Ｎ０Ｍ０的ＥＢＶ－ＤＮＡ的阳性率高于Ｔ１Ｎ０Ｍ０（Ｐ＜０．０５），而ＥＢＶ在鼻腔鼻窦鳞癌的发展中所起的作用仍有待进一步研究。     

病毒性肝炎患者EBV感染的临床意义

目的：探讨ＥＢＶ感染对病毒性肝炎的作用及临床意义，方法：用ＥＬＩＳＡ法和ＰＣＲ法分析检测５７０例病毒性肝炎患者血清中ＥＢＶ－ＩｇＧ和ＥＢＶ－ＤＮＡ。结果；（１）血清中ＥＢＶ现行感染率（ＥＢＶＩｇＭ）和ＰＣＲ阳性）在乙型肝炎１３．０７％（２６／１９９），混合型肝炎２２．９５％（１４／６１），高于甲型３．３７％（３／８９），丙型９．９３％（１４／１４１）和戊型肝炎２．５０％（２／８０），Ｐ〈０．０５，     

儿童特发性血小板减少性紫癜病因学的初步研究

应用 Ｐ Ｃ Ｒ 和 Ｅ Ｌ Ｉ Ｓ Ａ 技术对３２ 例急性特发性血小板减少性紫癜（ Ｉ Ｔ Ｐ） 患儿的外周血进行了人细小病毒 Ｂ１９（ Ｈ Ｐ Ｖ Ｂ１９） 、 Ｅ Ｂ 病毒（ Ｅ Ｂ Ｖ） 、巨细胞病毒（ Ｃ Ｍ Ｖ） 及乙型肝炎病毒（ Ｈ Ｂ Ｖ） 系列检测。结果：病例组 Ｈ Ｐ Ｖ Ｂ１９ Ｄ Ｎ Ａ 阳性８ 例（２５ ．０ ％ ） ,与正常对照组比较有显著性差异（ Ｐ＜ ０ ．０５） 。 Ｅ Ｂ Ｖ Ｄ Ｎ Ａ 阳性２ 例, Ｃ Ｍ Ｖ Ｄ Ｎ Ａ 阳性３ 例, Ｈ Ｂｓ Ａｇ 和 Ｈ Ｂｅ Ａｇ 同时阳性２ 例,４种病毒的总阳性率为４６ ．９ ％ （１５／３２ 例） 。提示：近半数儿童 Ｉ Ｔ Ｐ 病例的发生可能与上述病毒感染有关,而 Ｈ Ｐ Ｖ Ｂ１９ 较其他病毒与 Ｉ Ｔ Ｐ 的关系更为密切。     

用聚合酶链反应检测乙肝患者血清中的HBV－DNA

用聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）检测了１１４例传染科门诊病人血清ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ，并与ＨＢＶ有关的血清学标志（ＨＢＶＭ）进行了比较。结果表明：在９２和ＪＨＢｓＡｇ（＋）病例中，ＰＣＲ检测ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ阳性者５０例，占５４．３４％；在２８例ＨＢｅＡｇ（＋）病例中，ＰＣＲ检测ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ阳性者２６例，占９２．８６％；在２０例ＨＢＶＭ均为阴性的病例中，ＰＣＲ检测ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ阳性者有６例，占３０．００％。证明ＰＣＲ法检测ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ较用ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测抗原一抗体更加灵敏、可靠。     

LAK细胞治疗慢性活动型乙型肝炎的疗效与机理研究

目的观察淋巴因子激活杀伤细胞（ＬＡＫ细胞）治疗慢性活动型乙型肝炎（ＣＡＨ）的疗效，探讨治疗机理。方法ＬＡＫ细胞治疗４０例患者，治疗前、疗程结束时，分别检测ＨＢＶＭ，ＡＬＴ，Ｔ细胞亚群，Ｂ细胞，ＩＬ－２，ｍＩＬ－２Ｒ，ＮＫ及ＬＡＫ细胞活性。疗程结束１ａ复查ＨＢＶＭ。对照组４０例。结果ＬＡＫ治疗组疗程结束时，ＨＢｅＡｇ和ＨＢＶＤＮＡ转阴率分别为２２．５％和４０．０％，与对照组相比差异显著（Ｐ均＜０．００１）。疗程结束１ａ复查ＨＢｅＡｇ、ＨＢＶＤＮＡ转阴率分别达４０．０％和６８．６％。治疗后患者ＣＤ＋４细胞数及ＣＤ＋４／ＣＤ＋８比值，ＩＬ－２水平及ｍＩＬ－２Ｒ表达，ＮＫ细胞及ＬＡＫ细胞活性均较治疗前明显升高（Ｐ均＜０．０１）。尤以ＨＢｅＡｇ转阴者，ＩＬ－２升高更显著（Ｐ均＜０．００５）。结论ＬＡＫ细胞疗法有增强免疫功能、调节免疫紊乱和清除乙肝病毒的效用，但主要不是ＬＡＫ细胞的溶细胞作用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.