远隔缺血时处理对体外循环瓣膜置换术患者肾损伤的影响

【目的】观察远隔缺血时处理对体外循环（CPB）瓣膜置换术患者尿中性粒细胞明胶酶相关性脂质运载蛋白（NGAL）和肾损伤分子l（KIM-1）的影响。【方法】择期CPB下瓣膜置换术患者60例,随机分为两组（n=30）：远隔缺血时处理组（R组）和对照组（c组）。R组在主动脉阻断同时对患者右下肢实施3周期5min缺血／5min再灌注处理;C组不进行该处理。分别于术前（T0）、CPB结束后2h（T1）、6h（T2）、12h（T3）、24h（T4）和48h（T5）6个时间点检测尿NGAL、KIM-1和血肌酐（SCr）的水平,记录各时间段尿量。【结果】与C组相比,R组尿NGAL在T1,T2、T3、T4较低,KIM-1在T2、T3、T4较低,尿量在T1～2,T2～3时间段较多（P〈0．05）;与T0相比,两组患者尿NGAL在T1～T4明显升高,KIM-1在T2～T5明显升高,SCr在T5明显升高（P〈0．05）。【结论】远隔缺血时处理可降低瓣膜置换术患者尿NGAL和KIM1的水平,对CPB后肾损伤有一定的保护作用。     

降钙素原对脓毒症致急性肾损伤患者预后评估的临床价值

【目的】探讨降钙素原（PCT）的检测在脓毒症急性肾损伤（AKI）患者预后评估的临床价值。【方法】选择本院收治的脓毒症致AKI患者63例作为A组,同期收治的69例脓毒症无AKI作为B组,比较两组患者肾功能指标、PCT以及APACHEⅡ评分,并分析AKI患者PCT水平与APACHEⅡ评分及与患者死亡之间的关系。【结果】A组患者肌酐（SCr）、血尿素氮（BUN）,PCT以及APACHEⅡ评分均显著高于B组,且差异具有显著性（P〈0．05）;A组PCT水平与SCr、BUN以及APACHEⅡ评分均呈显著正相关关系（P〈0．05）;B组PCT水平与SCr、BUN以及APACHEⅡ评分无明显相关性（P〉0．05）;不同APACHEⅡ评分患者血清PCT水平差异具有显著性（P〈0．05）,随着APACHEⅡ评分的增高,患者PCT水平显著升高;应用ROC曲线分析PCT对AKI患者死亡预测作用,ROC曲线下面积为0．829,95％可信区间为（0．719～0．939）（P〈0．05）。【结论】PCT对于脓毒症致AKI患者具有着较高的诊断和预测价值,能够较好预测患者的病情和预后。     

5项指标联合检测在2型糖尿病早期急性肾损伤中的诊断价值及临床意义

目的探讨尿液中性粒细胞相关载脂蛋白(NGAL)、肾脏损伤分子-1(KIM-1)、血清胱抑素-C(CysC)、血肌酐(SCr)及肾小球滤过率估计值(eGFR)联合检测在2型糖尿病早期肾损伤中的诊断价值。方法选取四会市人民医院2016年8月至2018年2月收治的2型糖尿病早期急性肾损伤(AKI)患者54例作为AKI组,慢性肾脏疾病(CKD)患者50例作为CKD组,另选取50例健康志愿者作为对照组,对3组对象NGAL、KIM-1、Cys-C、SCr及eGFR进行检测比较。结果 (1)AKI组NGAL、KIM-1、Cys-C及SCr水平高于CKD组,eGFR低于CKD组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);AKI组NGAL、KIM-1、Cys-C及SCr水平高于对照组,eGFR低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);CKD组NGAL、KIM-1、Cys-C及SCr水平高于对照组,eGFR低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。(2)AKI组1、2、3期患者NGAL、KIM-1、Cys-C及SCr水平逐渐升高,eGFR逐渐降低,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。(3)AKI组患者NGAL、KIM-1、Cys-C水平与SCr呈正相关(P0.05),与eGFR呈负相关(P0.05);CKD组患者NGAL、KIM-1、Cys-C水平与SCr呈正相关(P0.05),与eGFR呈负相关(P0.05)。(4)病程、餐后血糖、KIM-1、Cys-C、SCr和eGFR是2型糖尿病肾损伤的独立危险因素。结论 2型糖尿病合并肾损伤患者采用尿液NGAL、KIM-1、血清Cys-C、SCr及eGFR多项指标联合检测,对2型糖尿病早期肾损伤的鉴别诊断有重要意义。     

乌司他丁对小儿体外循环手术中炎性反应和肾功能的影响

【目的】研究乌司他丁对小儿体外循环（CPB）手术中炎性反应和肾功能的影响。【方法】56例诊断为室间隔缺损的小儿患者随机分为实验组（n=28）和对照组（n=28）。实验组用乌司他丁按1．2万U／kg计算用药量,一次性加入预充液中;对照组以等量生理盐水代替。分别于体外循环前（T1）、体外循环结束后1h（T2）、4h（T3）,24h（T4）等时点采集血样,检测炎性介质和肾功能的变化。【结果】CPB前炎性介质和肾功能指标,差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;CPB后炎性介质明显升高（P〈0．05）;实验组CPB后各时点IL6均明显低于对照组,T2,T3时点IL-8均明显低于对照组,T3、T4时点TNF-α明显低于对照组（均P〈0．05）。与T1相比,两组T4BUN均明显升高（P〈0．05）;与对照组相比,实验组T4BUN明显降低（P〈0．05）。【结论】乌司他丁能降低术后IL-6、TNF-α、IL-8水平,减轻炎性反应,同时对肾功能有一定保护作用。     

丹参静脉滴注对早期糖尿病肾病患者外周血自噬相关蛋白表达的影响

【目的】探讨丹参静脉滴注对早期糖尿病肾病（Diabetic nephropathy,DN）患者外周血自噬相关蛋白表达的影响。【方法】61例早期DN患者遵照患者意愿分为对照组和观察组,两组均口服降糖药物格列美脲片每次2mg,1次／日,观察组同时每天注射用丹参（冻干）粉针剂1200mg加入木糖醇250mL静脉滴注,14d为一疗程,连续二个疗程。检测两组患者治疗前后24h尿白蛋白排泄总量（UAER）、24h尿蛋白总量（Upro）、血清肌酐（SCr）、尿素氮（BUN）和肾小球滤过率（eGFR）及外周血自噬相关蛋白p62和LC3的表达水平并比较。【结果】对照组治疗后uAER、Upro、BUN、SCr和eGFR等指标与治疗前比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,但观察组治疗后的UAER、24hUpro、BUN、SCr和eGFR较治疗前显著降低（P〈0．05）。对照组LC3 mRNA表达水平和p62抗体阳性率治疗前后无明显差异（P〉0．05）,观察组治疗后LC3 mRNA‘表达水平较治疗前显著升高（P〈0．05）,p62抗体阳性率较治疗前显著降低（P〈0．05）。【结论】丹参静脉滴注对早期DN有肾脏保护作用,其作用机制可能与对自噬的干预作用有关。     

远隔缺血时处理对体外循环瓣膜置换术患者脑损伤的影响

[目的]观察远隔缺血时处理对体外循环（CPB）瓣膜置换术患者血清S100-β蛋白和神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）的影响及与术后神经精神功能障碍的关系。[方法]择期CPB下瓣膜置换术患者60例,随机分为3组（n＝20）：远隔缺血时处理组（A组）、远隔缺血预处理组（B组）和对照组（C组）。A组在CPB主动脉阻断后同时对右下肢予以3周期5min缺血/5min再灌注处理;B组在麻醉诱导后予以该处理。于术前（T1）、CPB结束即刻（T2）、CPB结束后5h（T3）、24h（T4）取右颈内静脉血,检测血清S100-β蛋白和NSE浓度;于术前1d、术后d3、d7对患者行神经系统检查并记录简易精神状态量表（MMSE）评分。[结果]与T1相比,三组患者的血清S100-β蛋白和NSE浓度在T2、T3时均明显升高（P＜0．05）;与T2、T3相比,三组患者的血清S100-β蛋白和NSE浓度在T4时均明显下降（P＜0．05）;A组和B组患者在T2、T3时的血清S100-β蛋白和NSE浓度均明显低于C组（P＜0．05）,而A组和B组各时间点血清S100-β蛋白和NSE浓度无明显差异。C组患者术后d3认知功能降低的发生率明显高于A组和B组（P＜0．05）。[结论]远隔缺血时处理能抑制CPB瓣膜置换术患者S100-β蛋白和NSE的释放,并减少患者术后认知功能降低的发生。     

盐酸戊乙奎醚对体外循环下成人心脏手术缺血再灌注心肌的影响

【目的】探讨盐酸戊乙奎醚（PHC）对成人体外循环下心脏瓣膜置换术（CPB-VR）缺血再灌注心肌的保护作用。【方法】成人择期行CPB-VR术患者40例,随机分为PHC组（P组）和对照组（C组）,每组20例。麻醉诱导前10rain分别静注PHC0．02mg／kg和等体积生理盐水。于手术切皮即刻P组给予PHC0．02mg／kg,C组给予同等体积生理盐水。分别于入室后麻醉诱导前（T1）、术毕即刻（T2）、术后24h（T3）、术后48h（T4）测定血清肌钙蛋白（cTn-I）、肌酸激酶同工酶（CK—MB）的浓度。【结果】在T1时两组患者血清cTn-I、CK—MB浓度均在正常范围,且组间比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。与T1相比,P组和C组在T2、T3、T4血清cTn-I、CK—MB浓度均升高（P〈0．05）,而且P组在T2、T3、T4时刻血清cTn-I浓度均低于C组各对应时刻的血清浓度（P〈0．05）;其中在T2、T3时刻,P组血清cK—MB浓度与C组同时刻相比,P组低于C组在同时刻的血清浓度（P〈0．05）;T4时两组血清肌CK—MB浓度与T2、T3相比均下降,且P组与C组组间比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）【结论】PHC对CP昏VR缺血再灌注心肌有保护作用。     

远隔缺血时处理对瓣膜置换手术患者的心肾保护作用

【目的】观察远隔缺血时处理在风湿性心脏病瓣膜置换手术中对患者心脏和肾脏的保护作用。【方法】选取风湿性心脏病行瓣膜置换术的患者80例,将其随机分为对照组（A组）和远隔缺血时处理组（B组）,每组40例。B组于体外循环主动脉阻断后对患者右下肢大腿（距离膝关节2～3 cm）,以止血带施以压力600 mmHg ,持续5 min ,松开气囊5 min ,重复以上过程3次。分别于术前（T1）,开放主动脉前5 min（T2）,开放主动脉后30 min （T3）,主动脉开放后4 h（T4）,和24 h（T5）,抽取静脉血测定肌钙蛋白I （cTnI）,B型钠尿肽（BNP）,尿素氮（BUN）,肌酐（SCr）,急性肾损伤因子（kim-1）。【结果】两组病例在年龄,质量,体外循环转流时间,主动脉阻断时间以及术前cTnI ,BNP ,BUN ,SCr ,Kim-1无统计学上差别（P＞0．05）,具有可比性。与T1比较,两组的cTnI在T3,T4,T5较术前有显著性升高;与A组相比,B组有显著性下降（P＜0．05）。两组的BNP在T5较术前有显著性升高;与A组相比,B组有显著性下降（P＜0．05）。两组的BUN和Scr在T5较术前有显著性升高;与A组相比,B组有显著性下降（ P＜0．05）。两组的Kim-1在T4,T5较术前有显著性升高;与A组相比,B组有显著性下降（P＜0．05）。【结论】远隔缺血时处理对于风湿性心脏病行瓣膜置换手术的患者的心脏和肾脏功能有保护作用。     

肺复张策略对成人瓣膜置换术后肺换气功能的影响

【目的】研究肺复张策略（RM）改善成人体外循环（CPB）心脏换瓣术后肺换气功能的作用。【方法】选择30例心阿直视换瓣手术患者,随机分成常规机械通气组（A组）、早期肺复张组（B组）、晚期肺复张组（C组）。B组在劈开胸骨后实施肺复张策略,C组在到达重症监护室（ICU）后循环稳定后实施肺复张策略。分别于术前（T1）、CPB后（T2）、到达ICU后1h（T3）、2h（T4）、12h（T5）5个时间点记录各项呼吸指标并测动脉和混合静脉血血气,并根据公式计算肺换气功能指标。【结果】B、C组在T2、T3、T4和T5时,氧合指数（OI）高于A组（P〈0．05）,而肺泡-动脉血氧分压差（PA-aO2）和肺内分流量（Os／Qt）低于A组,C组各肺换气功能指标在T4时间内与B组无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,而T5时OI高于B组（P〈0．05）,PA-aO2、Qs／Qt低于B组（P〈0．05）。【结论】肺复张策略能减轻CPB后肺损伤,且晚期肺复张策略优于早期肺复张策略。     

瓣膜置换术中HTK液和高钾停搏液对心肌保护作用的比较研究

【目的】比较康斯特保护液（HTK液）和含血高钾停搏液在风湿性心脏病患者瓣膜置换术中的心肌保护效果。【方法】51例风湿性心脏病联合瓣膜病的患者随机分为对照组（应用4：1冷含血停搏液,n=21）和试验组（应用HTK液,n=30）。分别于术前、术后24h、72h、7d时检测外周静脉血中B型脑钠肽（BNP）和心肌肌钙蛋白I（cTnI）水平,并比较两组患者主动脉阻断时间、主动脉开放到心脏复跳时间、辅助循环时间、心脏自动复跳率、心律失常、起搏器应用、多巴胺平均最大剂量、呼吸机支持时间等临床指标。【结果】试验组术后BNP与cTnI升高水平均低于对照组（P〈0．05）;主动脉阻断时间、主动脉开放到心脏复跳时间、辅助循环时间,多巴胺平均最大剂量、呼吸机支持时间均低于对照组（P〈0．05）,心脏自动复跳率高于对照组（P〈0．05）,术后出现心律失常、低心排和使用临时心脏起搏器的患者数在试验组中明显减少。【结论】HTK心脏停搏液对风湿性心脏病患者瓣膜置换术中心肌的保护作用优于1：4含血停搏液。     

Determination of creatine kinase isoenzyme MB activity in serum using immunological inhibition of creatine kinase M subunit activity. Activity kinetics and diagnostic significance in myocardial infarction.

This is a new method for the determination of creatine kinase isoenzyme MB activity in serum. The method uses direct activity measurement of creatine kinase B subunit activity after blocking of CK-M subunit activity by inhibiting antibodies. The test takes no longer than 15 min. The method yields an intra-serial C.V. of 2.0-12.9%, and a C.V. from day to day of 5.5%. The detection limit is 3.4 U/l creatine kinase MB. In the 95 cases with proven myocardial infarction several types of creatine kinase MB activity kinetics could be determined. The percentage of creatine kinase MB of peak CK-total is 6-25%, with a mean of 11.1%. The amount of creatine kinase MB with respect to total CK activity after reinfarction is higher than the amount after initial infarction.     

Dissociable correlates of two classes of retrieval processing in prefrontal cortex

Although substantial evidence suggests that the prefrontal cortex (PFC) implements processes that are critical for accurate episodic memory judgments, the specific roles of different PFC subregions remain unclear. Here, we used event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging to distinguish between prefrontal activity related to operations that (1) influence processing of retrieval cues based on current task demands, or (2) are involved in monitoring the outputs of retrieval. Fourteen participants studied auditory words spoken by a male or female speaker and completed memory tests in which the stimuli were unstudied foil words and studied words spoken by either the same speaker at study, or the alternate speaker. On "general" test trials, participants were to determine whether each word was studied, regardless of the voice of the speaker, whereas on "specific" test trials, participants were to additionally distinguish between studied words that were spoken in the same voice or a different voice at study. Thus, on specific test trials, participants were explicitly required to attend to voice information in order to evaluate each test item. Anterior (right BA 10), dorsolateral prefrontal (right BA 46), and inferior frontal (bilateral BA 47/12) regions were more active during specific than during general trials. Activation in anterior and dorsolateral PFC was enhanced during specific test trials even in response to unstudied items, suggesting that activation in these regions was related to the differential processing of retrieval cues in the two tasks. In contrast, differences between specific and general test trials in inferior frontal regions (bilateral BA 47/12) were seen only for studied items, suggesting a role for these regions in post-retrieval monitoring processes. Results from this study are consistent with the idea that different PFC subregions implement distinct, but complementary processes that collectively support accurate episodic memory judgments.     

俯卧位通气对高海拔地区肺复张治疗无效急性呼吸窘迫综合征患者氧合的影响

目的 探讨俯卧位通气对高海拔地区肺复张术(RM)治疗无效急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)患者的治疗作用.方法 从海拔2260m的地区医院筛选RM治疗无效的41例ARDS患者[平均氧合指数( PaO2/FiO2)较RM前升高＜20％视为RM无效],依不同病因分为肺内源性ARDS组(ARDSp组)和肺外源性ARDS组(ARDSexp组),每组再按信封法随机分为俯卧位组和仰卧位组,即ARDSp俯卧位组(11例)、ARDSp仰卧位组(9例)、ARDSexp俯卧位组(10例)、ARDSexp仰卧位组(11例).在通气前及通气1、2、3、4h监测动脉血氧分压( PaO2)、PaO2/FiO2、静态顺应性(Cst)、气道阻力(Raw)的变化.结果 通气lh时,ARDSexp俯卧位组PaO2/FiO2( mm Hg,l mm Hg=0.133 kPa)即较通气前显著升高(157.4±40.6比129.3±48.7,P＜0.05),并随通气时间延长呈持续增高趋势,4h达峰值(219.1 ±41.1);且ARDSexp俯卧位组通气3h内PaO2/FiO2较其他3组显著增高,另3组间则差异无统计学意义.ARDSp俯卧位组、ARDSexp俯卧位组通气4h时PaO2/FiO2均较相应仰卧位组显著增高(208.8±39.7比127.4±47.1,219.1±41.1比124.9±50.8,均P＜0.05).4组通气前后Cst无显著改变,各组间差异也无统计学意义.ARDSp俯卧位组通气4h时Raw(cmH2O·L-1·s-1)较通气前显著降低(6.8±1.7比10.7±1.8,P＜0.05),且明显低于其他3组;其他3组各时间点Raw组内及组间比较差异均无统计学意义.结论 俯卧位通气作为ARDS机械通气重要策略之一,可以改善RM无效高原ARDS患者的氧合,为抢救患者赢得宝贵的时间.     

Digital imaging among medical facilities

The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) in the USA operates a network of 172 medical centres which all utilize a hospital information system (HIS) which has been developed and is currently maintained by the VA. During the past several years, an image management and communication module has been developed, installed and clinically utilized at the Washington DC and Maryland VA Medical Centres. This image management and communication system, referred to as the decentralized hospital computer program (DHCP) imaging system, is fully integrated with a commercial picture archiving and communication system (PACS). The system is utilized to capture, archive, and display all images generated within the hospital including radiology, nuclear medicine, pathology, endoscopy, bronchoscopy, and dermatology, intraoperative photographs, ECG data, and a limited number of paper documents. The ultimate goal of the project is to have all patient text and image data available at any clinical workstation to any authorized user anywhere within the network of medical centres. Clinical requirements for an imaging workstation include ease of use, rapid and reliable access to the complete set of patient information, and images which are of acceptable quality to meet the requirements of the user and the subspecialty. Patient confidentiality and data security must be safeguarded at all times. Integration of the images with the remainder of the patient's database was found to be critical to the success of the project. The experience at the Washington and Maryland facilities suggests that an imaging system that is successfully integrated with a hospital information system can provide substantial clinical and economic benefits both within and among medical centres. Clinical acceptance and utilization of the system has been excellent, particularly in diagnostic radiology where DHCP Imaging has been interfaced to a commercial PAC system. Based upon this initial experience, the VA has begun to deploy the system throughout its large network of medical centres.     

Myocardial elastography at both high temporal and spatial resolution for the detection of infarcts

Myocardial elastography is a novel method for noninvasively assessing regional myocardial function, with the advantages of high spatial and temporal resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In this paper, in-vivo experiments were performed in anesthetized normal and infarcted mice (one day after left anterior descending coronary artery [LAD] ligation) using a high-resolution (30 MHz) ultrasound system (Vevo 770, VisualSonics Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada). Radiofrequency (RF) signals of the left ventricle (LV) in longitudinal (long-axis) view and the associated electrocardiogram (ECG) were simultaneously acquired. Using a retrospective ECG gating technique, 2-D full field-of-view RF frames were acquired at an extremely high frame rate (8 kHz) that resulted in high-quality incremental displacement and strain estimation of the myocardium. The incremental results were further accumulated to obtain the cumulative displacements and strains. Two-dimensional and M-mode displacement images and strain images (elastograms), as well as displacement and strain profiles as a function of time, were compared between normal and infarcted mice. Incremental results clearly depicted cardiac events including LV contraction, LV relaxation and isovolumetric phases in both normal and infarcted mice, and also evidently indicated reduced motion and deformation in the infarcted myocardium. The elastograms indicated that the infarcted regions underwent thinning during systole rather than thickening, as in the normal case. The cumulative elastograms were found to have higher elastographic SNR (SNR(e)) than the incremental elastograms (e.g., 10.6 vs. 4.7 in a normal myocardium, and 6.0 vs. 2.4 in an infarcted myocardium). Finally, preliminary statistical results from nine normal (m = 9) and seven infarcted (n = 7) mice indicated the capability of the cumulative strain in differentiating infracted from normal myocardia. In conclusion, myocardial elastography could provide regional strain information at simultaneously high temporal (>/=0.125 ms) and spatial ( approximately 55 microm) resolution as well as high precision ( approximately 0.05 microm displacement). This technique was thus capable of accurately characterizing normal myocardial function throughout an entire cardiac cycle, at the same high resolution, and detecting and localizing myocardial infarction in vivo.     

Guns and Knives in New Mexico: Patterns of Penetrating Trauma, 1978–1993

Objective: To identify patterns of nonfatal and fatal penetrating trauma among children and adults in New Mexico using ED and medical examiner data.
Methods: The authors retrospectively sampled in 5-year intervals all victims of penetrating trauma who presented to either the state Level-1 trauma center or the state medical examiner from a 16-year period (1978–1993). Rates of nonfatal and fatal firearm and stabbing injury were compared for children and adults.
Results: Rates of nonfatal injury were similar (firearm, 34.3 per 100,000 person-years; stabbing, 35.1). However, rates of fatal injury were significantly different (firearm, 21.9; stabbing, 2.7; relative risk: 8.2; 95% confidence interval: 5.4, 12.5). From 1978 to 1993, nonfatal injury rates increased for children (p = 0.0043) and adults (p < 0.0001), while fatal penetrating injury remained constant. The increase in nonfatal injury in children resulted from increased firearm injury rates. In adults, both stabbing and firearm nonfatal injury rates increased.
Conclusions: Nonfatal injury data suggest that nonfatal violence has increased; fatal injury data suggest that violent death rates have remained constant. Injury patterns vary by age, mechanism of trauma, and data source. These results suggest that ED and medical examiner data differ and that both are needed to guide injury prevention programs.     

手转胎头术失败的原因与分娩结局临床分析

目的 探讨手转胎头术失败的原因与分娩结局.方法 选择2008年1月至2010年12月于我院住院分娩的持续性枕横位、枕后位产妇198例,根据行手转胎头术后结果分为成功组126例、失败组72例.比较两组分娩结局,对比分析失败原因.结果 失败组胎儿体质量≥3500 g的发生率[76.4％(55/72)]明显高于成功组[31.7％(40/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=30.177,P=0.001)、失败组宫缩乏力发生率[58.3％(42/72)]高于成功组[38.1％ (48/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=7.569,P=0.006)、失败组骨盆临界或轻度狭窄发生率[38.9％ (28/72)]高于成功组[23.8％(30/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2 =5.030,P=0.002)、失败组手转胎头时机不当(宫口开大＜6 cm、胎头位于坐骨棘上及宫口开大8～10 cm、胎头位于坐骨棘下≥2 cm)发生率[61.1％(44/72)]高于成功组[38.9％(49/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=9.084,P=0.003).失败组母儿并发症(产后出血、产褥病率、胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息)发生率高于成功组(x2 =9.586,P=0.002、x2=9.334,P=0.002、x2=5.910,P=0.015、x2=5.240,P=0.022)、失败组剖宫产发生率[72.2％(52/72)]明显高于成功组[34.1 ％(43/126),x2=26.641,P=0.001)].结论 手转胎头术能使难产变顺产,降低剖宫产率,减少母儿并发症,但须积极预防、处理导致手转胎头术失败的原因,对矫正失败后继续矫正及试产应慎重.