Antibiotics in tactical combat casualty care 2002

Care of casualties in the tactical combat environment should include the use of prophylactic antibiotics for all open wounds. Cefoxitin was the antibiotic recommended in the 1996 article "Tactical Combat Casualty Care in Special Operations." The present authors recommend that oral gatifloxacin should be the antibiotic of choice because of its ease of carriage and administration, excellent spectrum of action, and relatively mild side effect profile. For those casualties unable to take oral antibiotics because of unconsciousness, penetrating abdominal trauma, or shock, cefotetan is recommended because of its longer duration of action than cefoxitin.     

Resuscitative thoracotomy and combat casualty care

Over the past few years, the indications for resuscitative thoracotomy in civilian trauma have been refined. The use of this procedure for military casualities has received only brief mention. We have described our experience with 93 consecutive thoracotomies performed in a level I trauma center and have attempted to better define the indications for this procedure in military medicine.     

Imitative models of the organization of treatment and evacuation measures conducted in the infantry regiment during combat

During the combat the chief of medical service has to solve both the direct mission, i.e. to choose the most effective variant of organization of treatment-and-evacuation measures (TEM) and the indirect one, i.e. to define the needs of medical service in forces and resources according to the given model. To fulfill these missions the most effective method is the multi-criteria approach for practical realization of which the "successive steps" method was chosen. The main indicator of TEM effectiveness is the time from the wounding to the point of readiness for evacuation from the regimental aid station. The GPSS language of different dialects as the modelling environment is preferred on the basis of which two computerized imitative models were created: the model of TEM effectiveness in the company-battalion link and the model of regimental aid station work.     

老年危重患者人性化护理体会

随着医院开展"以病人为中心"活动,倡导人性化服务理念,患者从入院到出院全过程均体现人性化护理的报道屡见不鲜,而对危重病人如何实施人性化护理这方面的报道较少,我科自2008年以来注重对危重患者的人文关怀,为危重患者提供人性化护理,收到很好的效果,护理满意度提升,现将具体的做法和体会介绍如下.     

对危重患者实施分层级护理会诊的实践与效果

能否提供优质安全的医疗护理质量是关乎一个医院存亡的最根本的问题,对危重患者的救护更直接体现了一个医院整体的医疗救治水平。随着医学模式的转变,人们对护理工作的要求越来越高,护理工作的内涵也在不断扩大。因此,不断优化和提高危重患者的护理质量始终是临床护理研究的重点。我院自2008年以来建立和完善了分层级护理会诊制度,通过对危重患者实施分层级护理会诊,有效提高了危重患者的护理质量,提升了患者及其家属的满意率。     

战场战伤救治技术概论

本文从止血、气道管理、固定搬运和后送四个方面,系统介绍了战场战伤急救技术。为了适应未来综合战场的形势,要加强战士战场战伤急救技术的训练和普及创伤相关知识。     

Tactical combat casualty care in the assault on Punta Paitilla Airfield

Casualties incurred during the assault on Punta Paitilla Airfield during Operation Just Cause were evaluated through reviews of records and interviews with the participants. There were eight initial casualties. One-half of all subsequent casualties were wounded trying to move to these men while still under effective hostile fire. Consistent with other studies, the most common cause of death was internal hemorrhage; the second most common was catastrophic brain injury. Rapid control of external exsanguination was the technique most likely to prevent death. Tourniquets were applied to three lower extremities for two casualties, without sequelae.