腹腔镜辅助全结直肠切除、回肠J型储袋与肛管吻合治疗家族性腺瘤性息肉病

目的探讨腹腔镜辅助全结直肠切除、回肠J型储袋与肛管吻合治疗家族性腺瘤性息肉病(familial adenomatous polyposis,FAP)的疗效。方法 2013年1月～2017年12月对15例FAP施行全结直肠切除、回肠J型储袋与肛管吻合术。先行腔镜下全结直肠的游离,离断直肠,然后将回肠断端构建J形储袋,经肛门放置直线管状吻合器,拉下回肠,完成贮袋肛管吻合。结果 15例均顺利完成腹腔镜辅助下全结直肠切除术、回肠J型储袋与肛管吻合。手术时间(112. 4±32. 3) min,术后住院时间(9. 9±2. 5) d。术后病理4例息肉恶变。术后1例出现盆腔感染,穿刺引流后好转。15例平均随访28个月(3～60个月),术后随访1年时,大便次数(3. 3±1. 4)次/d,基本成形,无肿瘤复发及死亡。结论腹腔镜辅助全结直肠切除、回肠J型储袋与肛管吻合是治疗FAP的有效手术方式。     

腹腔镜辅助下全大肠切除、回肠储袋与直肠肌管吻合术治疗家族性腺瘤性息肉病

目的 探讨腹腔镜辅助下全大肠切除、回肠储袋与直肠肌管吻合术在治疗家族性腺瘤性息肉病(familial adenomatous polyposis,FAP)中的价值.方法 回顾性统计分析7例FAP患者行腹腔镜辅助下全大肠切除、回肠储袋与直肠肌管吻合术的手术、术后恢复情况及随访资料,并与同期开腹手术患者相比较.结果 腹腔镜手术患者手术切口平均长度为4.32 cm,明显短于开腹手术,差异有统计学意义;术后排气时间平均为1.45 d,短于开腹患者,两组间差异无统计学意义;住院时间平均为11.95d,明显短于开腹手术患者,差异有统计学意义.术后6个月随访资料显示回肠储袋与直肠肌管吻合术安全可靠,较回肠储袋肛管吻合术后患者排便次数明显减少,肛管静息压和最大收缩压明显增高.结论 与原有回肠储袋肛管吻合术相比,腹腔镜辅助全大肠切除、回肠储袋直肠肌管吻合术不仅手术创伤小,手术方式简单,手术难度低,而且减少了可能发生的盆底肌肉和肛门括约肌损伤,更好地保留患者控排便功能.     

腹腔镜全结直肠切除回肠储袋-肛管吻合手术疗效

全结直肠切除回肠储袋-肛管吻合术(ileal pouch-anal anastomosis,IPAA)最早由Parks和Nicholls[1]于1978年报道,现已成为溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC)、家族性腺瘤性息肉病的首选手术方式[2-3]。该术式在切除全部结直肠后,再用末段回肠构建储袋与肛管进行吻合。全结直肠切除术范围较广,需要从回盲部一直游离至盆底,传统开腹手术创伤较大。一、腹腔镜全结直肠切除-IPAA的安全性与可行性腹腔镜全结直肠切除术最早于1992年报道[4]。腹腔镜手术具有清晰良好的手术视野,更注重沿正确的层面进行解剖,超声刀的使用减少了术中出血,因而减少手术对患者的创伤打击、减轻术后疼痛,加快术后康复、缩短术后住院时间。     

腹腔镜辅助下回肠储袋与直肠肌管吻合术治疗家族性腺瘤性息肉病的临床体会

目的:探讨腹腔镜辅助下回肠储袋与直肠肌管吻合术治疗家族性腺瘤性息肉病(familial adenomatous polyposis,FAP)的临床价值。方法:回顾分析2006～2011年为13例FAP患者分别行腹腔镜辅助回肠储袋与直肠肌管吻合术及回肠储袋与肛管吻合术的临床资料,并进行对比分析。结果:两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、术后切口长度、进食时间、住院时间、住院费用差异均无统计学意义。术后6个月随访,腹腔镜辅助下回肠储袋与直肠肌管吻合术较回肠储袋肛管吻合术后患者排便次数明显减少,肛管静息压及最大收缩压明显增高。结论:与传统回肠储袋肛管吻合术相比,回肠储袋直肠肌管吻合手术保留了部分直肠肌管,不仅有效减少了盆底肌肉损伤的可能性,而且很好地保护了肛门括约肌,因而可更好地保留患者的控排便功能。     

腹腔镜全结肠切除治疗家族性腺瘤性息肉病12例

目的探讨腹腔镜全结肠切除术治疗家族性腺瘤性息肉病(familial adenomatous polyposis,FAP)的可行性及安全性。方法回顾性分析2015年6月～2018年12月腹腔镜全结肠切除术治疗12例FAP的临床资料,4例癌变者行腹腔镜全结肠直肠切除、末段回肠造口术,6例直肠下段未扪及明显息肉者行腹腔镜全结肠切除、直肠次全切除、回肠J形储袋直肠吻合术,2例直肠下段有少量息肉者行腹腔镜全结肠切除及直肠次全切除、残留直肠黏膜剥脱、经直肠肌鞘内回肠肛管吻合术。结果 12例均顺利完成手术,无中转开腹,术后2～3天肛门排气,住院时间8～12 d。随访3～24(13±3)月,无近期并发症发生,除回肠造口4例外,其余8例术后控便较好,3个月后大便能控制在3～6次/日。结论腹腔镜全结肠切除术治疗FAP创伤小,恢复快,安全,有效。     

全结直肠切除并回肠储袋-肛管吻合术治疗溃疡性结肠炎

目的 探讨全结直肠切除、回肠储袋-肛管吻合术治疗溃疡性结肠炎的疗效。方法 对1984～1998年间进行的9例全结直肠切除、回肠储袋-肛管吻合的溃疡性结肠炎患作回顾性总结。结果 “S”形储袋6例,“J”形储袋3例。9例均存活。手术后发生粘连性肠梗阻1例．经非手术冶疗后缓解;1例发生储袋瘘导致盆腔感染,最终切除储袋,行回肠造瘘：伤口感染1例：切口疝1例。随访8例,随访时间1～13年。排便次数中位数为5次／24小时(4～10次／24小时)对排尿和性功能无影响．结论 全结直肠切除、回肠储袋．肛管吻合手术治疗溃疡性结肠炎患的初步结果基本满意。     

腹腔镜全结直肠切除回肠储袋肛管吻合术对溃疡性结肠炎患者术后肠道功能及生活质量的影响

目的:分析腹腔镜全结直肠切除回肠储袋肛管吻合术(IPAA)对溃疡性结肠炎(UC)患者术后肠道功能与生活质量的影响。方法:回顾性分析2014—2017年浙江大学医学院附属邵逸夫医院行IPAA手术的37例UC患者的临床资料,采用炎症性肠病生活质量问卷(IBDQ)和肠道功能问卷调查患者的生活质量及肠道功能,分析IPAA术对患...     

腹腔镜低位直肠癌经肛门拖出切除吻合术近期疗效分析(附11例报告)

目的:评价腹腔镜低位直肠癌经肛门拖出切除吻合技术的近期疗效。方法:回顾分析11例腹腔镜直肠全系膜切除、经肛门拖出切除、结-直肠吻合、预防性末端回肠造瘘手术的临床资料。结果:11例均在腹腔镜下完成手术,无一例中转开腹,无辅助切口,保肛率100%。手术时间平均(162.3±31.01)min,术中出血量平均(31.82±14.88)ml,术后平均(2.00±0.63)d恢复胃肠功能并进流质饮食,平均住院(12.27±1.56)d。术后1例发生吻合口漏。结论:腹腔镜直肠全系膜切除、经肛门拖出切除吻合技术治疗低位直肠癌创伤小、安全、可行,近期疗效满意。     

腹腔镜下全结直肠切除、回肠储袋肛管吻合术治疗溃疡性结肠炎38例临床疗效分析

目的 探讨腹腔镜下行全结直肠切除、回肠储袋肛管吻合术（IPAA）治疗溃疡性结肠炎（UC）的临床疗效。方法 回顾性分析南京军区南京总医院普通外科2014年1月至2015年9月行腹腔镜下IPAA治疗的38例UC病人的术中和术后临床资料,探讨该术式的技术要点及治疗效果。结果 38例病人均成功实施 IPAA,34例病人实施腹腔镜下二期手术,4例病人实施三期手术,其中2例在第二期时中转开腹。22例为激素或挽救治疗失败的重症UC病人。手术中位时间为340（210～470）min。术后1例病人发生储袋肛管吻合口瘘,1例发生储袋顶端瘘,均经保守治疗治愈。术后3个月时随访病人平均排便次数为（4.75 ± 1.24）次/d,克利夫兰总体生活质量评价（CGQL）为0.85 ± 0.08。结论 采用腹腔镜技术行IPAA治疗UC安全可行,术后病人排便功能及生活质量满意。部分重度活动期UC病人也可实施二期手术。     

腹腔镜和开腹全结直肠切除回肠储袋肛管吻合术并发症文献分析

目的：探讨腹腔镜和开腹行全结直肠切除回肠储袋肛管吻合出现术后并发症的危险性。方法：检索、收集已发表的关于腹腔镜和开腹两种方法行全结直肠切除回肠储袋肛管吻合术的对照研究,按meta分析要求,应用Review Manager 4.2软件对其结果进行分析,计算腹腔镜组与开腹组术后并发症危险性的优势比（OR）、95%可信区间（CI）及P值。结果：腹腔镜组术后总并发症、肠梗阻、吻合口漏及尿路感染发生率高于开腹组,但P值均〉0.05;术后腹腔脓肿、切口感染、肺感染及再次手术干预的发生率低于开腹组,但P值均〉0.05。结论：腹腔镜行全结直肠切除回肠储袋肛管吻合术是安全的,可行的。     

Laparoscopic proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis

In recent years laparoscopic proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis has been used as an alternative to conventional open techniques. However, many published series on proctectomy and ileal pouch-anal anastomosis are based on open experience. This paper presents our experience of laparoscopic proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis to 23 patients with ulcerative colitis and familial adenomatous polyposis. In operations only sample exteriorization and pouch formation were performed using a small left flank incision of about 4 cm, all other steps were performed entirely laparoscopically. None of the laparoscopic procedures required conversion to an open operation, and there were no intraoperative complications. The median operative time was 315 minutes (240 to 460 min), the average blood loss was 130 mL (70 to 270 mL). Postoperative pain was minimal and no patients required analgesic drugs. Bowel function returned in a median of 2 days (1 to 3 d). Postoperative complications were encountered in 5 patients 22%). No patient required surgical reintervention. The median hospital stay was 9 days (7 to 16 d). In conclusion, laparoscopic proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis is technically feasible and safe. The technique described in this study provides some potential advantages such as improved cosmetic result and less blood loss. It can be used in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis and ulcerative colitis.     

Restorative proctocolectomy with and without protective ileostomy in a pediatric population

Purpose

This study aim was to review outcomes of pediatric patients after restorative proctocolectomy with or without a protective ileostomy in the treatment of ulcerative colitis and polyposis syndromes.

Methods

All patients who underwent rectal mucosectomy with ileal pouch reservoir and hand-sewn ileal pouch anal anastomosis (IPAA) during 19-year period were reviewed retrospectively.

Results

Eighty-three patients with ulcerative colitis and 7 patients with polyposis syndromes (ages 2.0-21.8 years) were reviewed. Sixty-eight patients underwent IPAA without diverting ileostomy. Fifty-six patients underwent restorative proctocolectomy as single-stage procedures, and 12 had abdominal colectomy and subsequent definitive IPAA without diverting ileostomy. Nineteen patients had IPAA with diverting ileostomy and subsequent closure of ileostomy. Three-stage procedures were performed in 3 cases. An ileal pouch leak or pelvic abscess occurred in 2 patients. Surgical pouch revision for retraction, efferent limb syndrome, prolapse, pouchitis, or perirectal infections occurred in 19 (6/62 J-pouch, 13/28 S-pouch). Fourteen patients (5/22 with diversion, 9/68 without diversion) developed small bowel obstruction. Overall, daytime and nighttime continence was excellent with rare nocturnal evacuations.

Conclusions

Restorative proctocolectomy without protective ileostomy is not associated with an increased morbidity, even in patients with active colitis, and may be appropriate most patients.     

Laparoscopic total proctocolectomy with ileal pouch anal anastomosis for ulcerative colitis and familial adenomatous polyposis: initial experience in Mexico

Background Since the introduction of laparoscopic colectomy in 1991, experience in laparoscopic bowel surgery has gradually increased. Several reports from specialized centers have demonstrated that laparoscopic colorectal resections are feasible and safe, providing an acceptable alternative to laparotomy for a variety of diseases. Some studies have shown the feasibility, safety, and good functional outcome of the minimally invasive procedures for ulcerative colitis (UC) and familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). No known studies have investigated laparoscopic proctocolectomy in México. This report aims to describe the first laparoscopic proctocolectomies with ileal pouch anal anastomosis (IPAA) performed at the Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán (INCMNSZ). Methods All the patients in the authors’ institution who underwent a one- or two-stage laparoscopic total proctocolectomy with IPAA between June 2005 and December 2006 were included in the study. All the operations were performed by the same surgeon, who had already completed the learning curve for colorectal laparoscopic procedures. Results For the study, 10 patients underwent a laparoscopic proctocolectomy with IPAA by a single surgeon. Eight of the patients underwent a one-stage procedure, whereas two patients with severe colitis underwent a two-step procedure. All the cases were managed with a diverting loop ileostomy. Six patients underwent a standard double-stapled IPAA anastomosis, and two patients with FAP underwent a mucosectomy with a manual IPAA anastomosis. The mean operative time was 187 min, and the mean blood loss was 46 ml. There were two postoperative complications. One patient presented with an early small bowel obstruction due to an internal hernia, which required reoperation. The other complication was a wound infection. The mean return to oral intake was 1.5 days, and the mean length of hospital stay was 3.4 days. Conclusion Although this was not a comparative study and although sample size imposed limitations, with this preliminary data, we conclude that the laparoscopic approach to UC and FAP at our institution is safe, feasible, and effective. However, to achieve the benefits in postoperative outcome, this procedure should be performed only by experienced laparoscopic surgeons.     

Restorative proctocolectomy: one surgeon's experience of a now routine procedure in a district general hospital

Restorative proctocolectomy is now the operation of choice for the definitive management of ulcerative colitis and familial adenomatous polyposis coli. The aim of this review is to evaluate clinical and functional results of the first fifty patients treated with restorative proctocolectomy over a period of seven years. A total of 50 patients (28 males, 22 females) underwent restorative proctocolectomy over a period of seven years in our district general hospital. A retrospective analysis of hospital notes was undertaken and supplemented with a patient questionnaire. Forty-three patients had ulcerative colitis and seven had familial adenomatous polyposis coli. Two pouch designs were used, a four limbed "pear pouch" (94%) and a two limb "J" pouch (6%). The majority (98%) of patients had a stapled ileal pouch-anal anastomosis and a similar number had a defunctioning ileostomy. There was no mortality. Early complications (within 30 days of operation) occurred in 18(36%) patients. Late complications were seen in 22 (44%) patients. The median number of daily bowel movements was four (range 1-10). Pouchitis was seen in ten patients (20%). Restorative proctocolectomy is a safe procedure for patients with ulcerative colitis and familial adenomatous polyposis coli. Although total morbidity is appreciable, functional results are generally good and patient satisfaction is high.     

Combination of hand-assisted and laparoscopic proctocolectomy (HALP): Technical aspects,learning curve and early postoperative results

BACKGROUND: Various techniques for laparoscopic proctocolectomy have been reported worldwide. We evaluated the technical aspects and early postoperative results of hand-assisted laparoscopic proctocolectomy (HALP) with construction of an ileal pouch-anal anastomosis through a Pfannenstiel incision. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between June 2004 and May 2006, 20 patients (median age 28 years) underwent combined HALP at our institution. Preoperative diagnosis included ulcerative colitis (n = 16), indeterminate colitis (n = 1), familial adenomatous polyposis (n = 2), and carcinoma of the rectum associated with ulcerative colitis (n = 1). All patients were under immunosuppressive therapy. Laparoscopic mobilisation of rectum, sigmoid and descending colon was performed first. Subsequently, hand-assisted laparoscopic mobilization of the transverse and ascending colon as well as creation of an ileal J-pouch were performed through a Pfannenstiel incision. Ileal pouch-anal anastomosis was completed by transrectal stapling device and protected by a loop ileostomy. RESULTS: The ileal pouch-anal anastomosis could be achieved in 19 cases (95%). There was one conversion (5%) to open surgery with construction of an end-ileostomy. No intraoperative blood transfusions were necessary. The median operating time was 210 minutes (range 180 min to 330 min). It was longer for the first five procedures but then remained constant. Two patients (10%) developed anastomotic leakage, which could be treated conservatively. Mean length of hospital stay was 11 days (range 7-32 days). CONCLUSIONS: Combined HALP with construction of an ileal J-pouch-anal anastomosis can be performed safely and effectively. The Pfannenstiel incision proved to be advantageous for hand-assisted mobilisation of the transverse colon. Additionally, it was useful for the specimen removal and the J-pouch construction. Our new technique not only proved to be safe, but also resulted in a shortened total operation-time after a learning curve of about five procedures.     

Laparoscope-Assisted Versus Conventional Restorative Proctocolectomy with Rectal Mucosectomy

To assess the advantages of a laparoscope-assisted proctocolectomy with ileal J-pouch anal anastomosis compared with conventional procedures, we retrospectively analyzed the results of the two procedures as follows: Eleven patients including five patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and six with ulcerative colitis (UC) underwent a laparoscope-assisted proctocolectomy and hand-sewn ileal J-pouch anal anastomosis at our department from June 1997 to November 1999. This laparoscope-assisted colectomy (LAC) group was then compared with a group of 13 patients who had undergone conventional ileal pouch anal anastomosis using a standard laparotomy from 1986 to 1997. The median operative time of the LAC group was 8 h 23 min, which was 81 min longer than that of the standard colectomy (SC) group. The number of days during which eating was prohibited were similar in the two groups but the median postoperative hospital stay was significantly shorter in the LAC group (24.1 days). In the LAC group, the small incisions showed better cosmetic results and there was also a remarkable reduction in the degree of postoperative pain. In conclusion, a laparoscope-assisted proctocolectomy with ileal J-pouch anal anastomosis can be employed widely in patients with FAP and also in selected patients with UC. Received: April 17, 2000 / Accepted: September 26, 2000     

腹腔镜辅助全结直肠切除加回肠造口术治疗六例溃疡性结肠炎

目的探讨腹腔镜辅助下全结直肠切除加回肠造口术治疗溃疡性结肠炎的可行性与安全性。方法回顾性分析2009年3月至2010年10月行腹腔镜辅助全结直肠切除加回肠造口术的6例溃疡性结肠炎患者的临床资料。结果6例患者手术均获成功,手术时间210～420min,术中出血量70—250ml,术后腹壁切口感染1例。6例患者均获随诊,1例患者于术后1个月出现回肠造口脱垂,重新行回肠造口术,余5例恢复良好。结论腹腔镜辅助全结直肠切除加回肠造口术治疗溃疡性结肠炎是一种可行、安全、有效的微创治疗方式。     

腹腔镜手术治疗溃疡性结直肠炎

目的探讨腹腔镜手术治疗溃疡性结直肠炎的可行性和安全性。方法对腹腔镜手术治疗溃疡性结直肠炎5例患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果5例均在腹腔镜下完成手术,其中4例行全结-直肠切除,回肠储袋-肛管吻合术(total proctocolectomy and ileal pouch-anal anastomosis,IPAA),1例行结肠次全-全直肠切除,盲肠-肛管吻合术。中位手术时间7.5(6.5～9)h,中位出血量250(150～400)mL,中位术后进半流食时间62(60～86)h,中位术后住院时间12(10～14)d。术后发生盆腔感染1例,粘连性肠梗阻1例。随访中位时间22(10～34)个月,大便平均每天6.5(4～10)次。日常生活自理,工作正常,无复发。结论腹腔镜下溃疡性结直肠炎手术,创伤小,恢复快,安全可靠,但尚需进一步积累临床资料。     

Long-term results after colectomy and endorectal ileal pullthrough procedure in children.

Since 1987, 67 children with ulcerative colitis, 14 with colonic polyposis, and one with Hirschsprung's disease have undergone colectomy and endorectal ileal pullthrough procedures (ERP). Seventy-six children had a lateral ileal reservoir and six had a straight pullthrough. Seventy-seven patients had a diverting ileostomy for 4 months; five polyposis patients underwent ERP without ileostomy. Forty-three (52%) developed complications, including ileoanal stenosis with reservoir outlet obstruction (14), elongated ileal spout (2), elongated ileal reservoir greater than 15 cm (4), and a combination of outflow obstruction, reservoir enlargement causing stasis (14), and intestinal obstruction causing obstruction (10). Thirty-two children required reoperation. Sixty per cent of complications occurred in the first 30 patients. Only three of the last 40 patients had reoperation. There were no deaths. Four children (two with Crohn's disease) returned to a permanent ileostomy (4.9%); 10 had a temporary ileostomy. Five straight pullthroughs were converted to a reservoir because of stool frequency; 19 underwent reservoir reconstruction because of stasis. Seventy-five children (91.5%) are currently progressing very well. Features for optimal function include a short rectal muscle cuff, a short reservoir and spout, and aggressive correction of rectal strictures. The ERP is a desirable option to proctocolectomy and ileostomy for children with colitis or polyposis.     

应用吻合器手术治疗家族性腺瘤样息肉病21例分析

目的探讨3种吻合器在治疗家族性腺瘤样息肉病的临床应用价值。方法回顾性分析华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院2000年1月至2005年12月间采用吻合器手术治疗家族性腺瘤样息肉病21例的临床资料。结果21例病人均采用3种吻合器手术,行全结肠切除、直肠超低位前切除、回肠J形贮袋肛管吻合术,并预防性回肠造口。全组无手术死亡病人、无吻合口瘘、盆腔脓肿、吻合口狭窄等严重并发症发生。1例病人发生贮袋粘连,在直肠镜下分离治愈;2例吻合口附近发现息肉经内镜电灼切除。全组病人排便功能满意,排便次数控制在每天2～5次。结论采用3种吻合器进行结肠切除、直肠超低位前切除、回肠贮袋与肛管吻合术,并预防性回肠造口,手术安全、简捷省时、术后并发症较少,应作为首选手术方式,手术后应进行长期随访,及时发现和处理复发息肉。