剖宫产术后疤痕处妊娠的高危因素探讨

目的探讨剖宫产术后疤痕处妊娠(cesarean scars pregnancy,CSP)的高危因素。方法采用回顾性研究法,随机选择2004年12月至2006年12月在本院接受剖宫产术分娩的15例合并疤痕处妊娠患者纳入CSP组,同期在本院接受剖宫产术分娩的20例合并剖宫产术史,但此次妊娠剖宫产术后未合并疤痕处妊娠的患者纳入对照组。探讨对照组剖宫产疤痕病理特点,观察术后不同时段疤痕恢复情况,比较CSP组和对照组此次剖宫产术指征(本研究遵循的程序符合本院人体试验委员会所制定的伦理学标准,得到该委员会批准)。两组患者平均年龄、合并剖宫产史次数及最后一次剖宫产术距此次妊娠时间等比较,差异无显著意义(P0.05)。结果对照组子宫标本行疤痕部位组织病理学检查结果显示,14例子宫峡部疤痕处血管增生,肌层炎症伴玻璃样变性,6例子宫峡部疤痕处呈肌性愈合,周围伴结缔组织增生,术后不同时段疤痕病理特点比较,差异无显著意义(P0.05)。剖宫产术后70%切口疤痕愈合不良。CSP组和对照组此次剖宫产术指征、最近一次行剖宫产术所在医院及最近一次剖宫产术距此次妊娠平均人工流产次数比较,差异有显著意义(P0.05)。结论导致剖宫产术后疤痕处妊娠的高危因素与疤痕部位愈合不良、术前产程明显延长、术时手术缝合及缝线质量、术后多次官腔操作有关。     

剖宫产子宫切口缝合方法与再次剖宫产切口厚度的相关性研究

目的探讨剖宫产子宫切口缝合方法与再次剖宫产切口厚度的相关性。方法收集2012年1月至2014年3月来我院进行剖宫产的产妇200例,随机分为试验组和对照组,每组100例。试验组剖宫产时行双层缝合,而对照组仅接受单层缝合。两组产妇分娩后均进行第二次妊娠,并再次接受剖宫产分娩,观察两组患者切口厚度,分析其再次剖宫产切口厚度与切口缝合方法的相关性。结果试验组再次剖宫产切口厚度高于对照组,子宫肌层厚度小于1mm和子宫肌层连续人数少于对照组,而组织粘连人数明显大于对照组,分别经卡方检验或t检验比较,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论剖宫产子宫切口缝合方法与再次剖宫产切口厚度存在相关性,单层缝合产妇再次剖宫产切口厚度较小,肌层连续性好,组织粘连程度低。     

子宫下段剖宫产术中子宫缝合方法对子宫切口愈合的影响

目的：探讨子宫下段剖宫产术子宫缝合方法对子宫切口愈合的影响。方法：选取因社会因素行子宫下段剖宫产术3058例,采用两种不同方法缝合子宫切口,术后随访阴道彩超,观察子宫切口愈合情况。随访术后2年再次妊娠剖宫产者腹部B超子宫切口肌层厚度。结果：两种方法在子宫切口愈合及子宫肌层厚度测量均有统计学意义。结论：从子宫切口愈合程度及再次妊娠子宫切口肌层厚度比较,采用连续缝合、间断加固缝合子宫切口方法优于连续锁边缝合。     

高频彩超测量晚孕疤痕子宫肌层厚度与子宫破裂关系的探讨

目的:探讨晚孕疤痕子宫肌层厚度与发生子宫破裂或先兆子宫破裂的关系。方法:对215例剖宫产后再次妊娠孕妇产前超声检查结果与术中情况进行对比分析。结果:子宫下段肌壁肌层厚度≥2.0mm129例(60.0%),无一例发生子宫破裂或先兆子宫破裂;子宫下段肌壁肌层厚度1.0~1.9mm55例(25.6%),发生子宫先兆破裂15例(27.3%);子宫下段肌壁肌层厚度1.0mm23例(10.7%),子宫出现先兆破裂14例(60.9%),发生子宫不完全破裂1例;子宫下段肌壁肌层消失8例(3.7%),发生先兆子宫破裂5例,发生子宫完全破裂3例。结论:产前子宫下段肌壁肌层厚度越小其发生子宫破裂的机率就越高,提示高频彩超测量晚孕疤痕子宫前壁下段肌层厚度在预警子宫先兆破裂或子宫破裂方面具有较高的临床价值。     

瘢痕子宫再妊娠孕妇子宫肌层厚度与不良妊娠结局关系

目的：探究肌层厚度与瘢痕子宫再妊娠不良结局关系。方法：收集本院2020年5月-2022年6月诊治的瘢痕子宫再妊娠孕妇84例临床资料,孕中期检测肌层厚度并统计孕妇妊娠结局,比较不同肌层厚度孕妇妊娠结局以及新生儿结局,分析肌层厚度与妊娠不良结局的相关性。结果：子宫肌层厚度≥4mm组剖宫产术中出血量、不完全子宫破裂率、产后出血率、子宫收缩乏力率、新生儿低体重率以及新生儿呼吸系统疾病率均低于子宫肌层厚度1～4mm组和<1mm组(P<0.05),三组新生儿体重和新生儿转科率无差异(P>0.05);结局不良组孕妇年龄>30岁、子宫肌层厚度<4mm、产前体质指数(BMI)≥30kg/m²以及分娩孕周>38周占比均高于妊娠结局良好组(P<0.05),两组文化程度、距前次剖宫产间隔时间无差异(P>0.05)。logistic回归分析显示,孕妇年龄>30岁、子宫肌层厚度<4mm、产前BMI≥30kg/m²以及分娩孕周>38周均是影响不良妊娠结局的独立危险因素(P<0.05);受试者工作特征曲...     

不同缝合技术对子宫憩室形成的影响

目的探讨不同缝合技术对剖宫产产妇子宫憩室的影响。方法选取2018年1月至2018年12月于我院行剖宫产的产妇50例,分为观察组(全层连续缝合联合连续褥式缝合,25例)和对照组(子宫全层连续缝合2次,25例),比较两组产妇的围手术期指标、子宫憩室情况。结果两组产妇的手术时间、术中出血量和肛门排气时间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组的子宫憩室发生率为4.00%,明显低于对照组的24.00%(P<0.05)。观察组的子宫憩室肌层厚度明显高于对照组,子宫憩室容积明显低于对照组(P均<0.05)。结论全层连续缝合联合连续褥式缝合技术应用于剖宫产产妇中,能有效降低子宫憩室发生率及发生程度。     

二次剖宫产中原子宫瘢痕修剪对子宫瘢痕憩室的预防效果分析

目的探讨二次剖宫产中原子宫瘢痕修剪对子宫瘢痕憩室的预防效果。方法选取2017年2月-2018年2月瑞安市人民医院妇幼分院收治的择期二次剖宫产妇480例随机分为研究组与对照组各240例,对照组产妇在术中直接应用双层连续缝合法将子宫缝合,研究组产妇在术中下推膀胱后修剪原子宫瘢痕后应用双层连续缝合子宫切口,并在缝合子宫前于左侧角先单独缝合一针,对比两组患者手术相关指标、术后恢复时间、术后子宫切口愈合情况、瘢痕憩室发生率、瘢痕憩室容积、瘢痕憩室残余子宫肌层厚度。结果研究组产妇的术中出血量、手术时间及术后3 d最高体温与对照组对比差异无统计学意义(P0. 05);研究组与对照组产妇的住院时间、肛门排气时间对比差异无统计学意义(P0. 05);研究组产妇恶露持续时间显著较对照组缩短,产后出血、盆腔粘连发生率较对照组降低,差异有统计学意义(P0. 05)。研究组产妇子宫瘢痕憩室发生率、疤痕憩室容积明显低于对照组,疤痕憩室残余子宫肌层厚度明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0. 05)。研究组产妇产后42 d、术后6个月、术后1年子宫愈合良好率均显著高于对照组,月经异常发生率显著低于对照组,月经复潮时间明显较对照组缩短,差异均有统计学意义(P0. 05)。结论二次剖宫产中原子宫瘢痕修剪可有效降低子宫瘢痕憩室的发生率,促进子宫切口愈合,值得临床推广。     

子宫浆肌层“8”字缝合与子宫动脉上行支结扎治疗剖宫产术中出血临床观察

目的:探讨子宫浆肌层"8"字缝合与结扎子宫动脉上行支对治疗剖宫产术术中出血的临床价值。方法:回顾性分析2005年5月~2007年5月12例剖宫产术中出血患者施行子宫浆肌层"8"字缝合与子宫动脉上行支结扎术的方法及效果等。结果:12例剖宫产术中出血患者施行子宫浆肌层"8"字缝合,其中5例止血成功,7例因止血效果不满意行子宫动脉上行支结扎术。所有病例均保留子宫且术后无晚期产后出血等并发症。结论:子宫浆肌层"8"字缝合加子宫动脉上行支结扎治疗剖宫产术中出血,操作简单,止血迅速,适合基层医院剖宫产术中大出血的抢救。     

卡贝缩宫素对妊娠疤痕子宫剖宫产术中出血量及子宫肌层厚度的影响分析

目的:探讨卡贝缩宫素对妊娠疤痕子宫剖宫产术中出血量及子宫肌层厚度的影响.方法:选取甘肃省庆阳市西峰区妇幼保健院2019年7月至2021年7月收治的110例妊娠疤痕子宫剖宫产术患者为研究对象,将受试者按照1:1模式进行随机分组,各55例.对照组与研究组患者分别给予常规缩宫素与卡贝缩宫素一次性注射,对比两组患者的手术时间、...     

分娩期子宫下段肌层显微超微结构变化的研究

目的 观察分娩期宫颈不同扩张程度下子宫下段肌层显微结构及超微结构的变化,探讨宫颈扩张机制.方法 用光镜和电镜观察宫颈不同扩张程度下子宫下段肌层组织的显微结构和超微结构的变化,并用免疫组化SP法观察中性粒细胞和巨噬细胞在子宫下段肌层组织上的表达情况.结果 随着宫颈口的扩张,平滑肌组织中的血管逐渐出现扩张、充血和出血,中性粒细胞和组织细胞由血管周围浸润发展至组织内弥漫浸润;胶原纤维网逐渐出现溶解消失.免疫组化结果显示中性粒细胞和巨噬细胞在C、D组平滑肌组织间和血管周围的细胞数目明显增多,呈弥漫性浸润,明显高于A组和B组(P＜0.01,P＜0.01).结论 该研究结果表明:①宫颈扩张过程呈现一种类急性炎症反应过程;②随着宫颈的扩张,子宫下段组织中的胶原纤维网逐渐出现溶解和消失,阐明了分娩过程中人类子宫下段肌层的组织学变化.     

150例高龄疤痕子宫孕产妇妊娠结局分析

目的 探讨高龄疤痕子宫孕产妇再次妊娠的结局情况.方法 回顾性分析2013年2月至2017年2月在江阴市人民医院就诊的150例高龄(≥35周岁)疤痕子宫孕产妇的临床资料,设为A组;选择同期就诊的高龄(≥35周岁)非疤痕子宫孕产妇250例的临床资料,设为B组;同时选择同期就诊的适龄(<35周岁)疤痕子宫孕产妇350例的临床资料,设为C组,比较三组母婴结局.结果 三组产妇的妊娠期高血压疾病、妊娠期糖尿病、早产、胎膜早破发生率有显著性差异(χ2值分别为45.82、27.91、8.09、13.23,均P<0.05),而三组产妇前置胎盘、胎盘粘连和胎盘植入发生率比较无显著性差异(χ2值分别为0.08、0.80,均P>0.05).三组产妇的剖宫产率、产后出血率、巨大儿、低出生体重儿比较,差异具有统计学意义(χ2值分别为283.45、13.05、26.55、10.93,均P<0.05).三组的子宫切除率、胎儿畸形率、新生儿窒息率、围生儿死亡率差异比较无明显统计学意义(χ2值分别为0.44、1.62、0.24、0.21,均P>0.05).三组产妇腹部切口愈合不良发生率、产后子宫复旧不良发生率比较有显著性差异(χ2值分别为15.36、10.05,均P<0.05),三组产妇晚期产后出血发生率、产褥感染发生率差异比较无明显统计学意义(χ2值分别为0.47、3.90,均P>0.05).结论 高龄疤痕子宫孕妇妊娠合并症多,再次剖宫产术容易产后出血,术后恢复慢,早产儿发生率、胎膜早破发生率高,应加强监护,做好针对性预防措施,最大程度保障母婴安全.     

大电导钙激活钾通道β1亚基与子痫前期的相关性研究

目的：探讨胎盘组织和子宫平滑肌组织中大电导钙激活钾通道β1亚基（KCNMβ1）的表达,及其与子痫前期发病的关系。方法：轻、重度子痫前期组（研究组）和正常孕妇组（对照组）孕妇的胎盘组织及子宫平滑肌组织中KCNMβl mRNA的表达通过荧光定量PCR技术检测。采用ELISA法检测三组孕妇血清KCNMβl浓度变化水平。结果：各研究组中孕妇血清的KCNMβl水平、胎盘组织及子宫平滑肌中KCNMβl mRNA表达水平均明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;而轻、重度子痫前期组比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论：孕妇血清中KCNMβl表达降低,胎盘组织和子宫平滑肌中KCNMβl mRNA的表达降低与子痫前期的发病密切相关,可能参与了子痫前期的病理生理过程。     

剖宫产后瘢痕子宫对IVF/ICSI-ET临床结局的影响

目的：比较剖宫产后瘢痕子宫患者与非瘢痕子宫患者在体外受精/胞浆内单精子注射-胚胎移植（IVF/ICSI-ET）治疗中的临床结局。方法：回顾性分析2016年1月—2018年12月在我中心行首次IVF-ET的患者共3 331个周期,其中A组249个周期（剖宫产后瘢痕子宫组）,B组3 082个周期（非瘢痕子宫组）,比较2组患者的总体临床特征,并分别比较在行囊胚或卵裂期胚胎移植时2组患者的妊娠结局。结果：在囊胚移植及单卵裂期胚胎移植者中,2组患者的优胚移植率、胚胎着床率、临床妊娠率、异位妊娠率、流产率、活产率和多胎率差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,A组早产率高于B组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。在双卵裂期胚胎移植者中,A组患者的优胚移植率、胚胎着床率、临床妊娠率、活产率和多胎率均低于B组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,2组患者异位妊娠率、流产率和早产率差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论：在胚胎条件类似的情况下,行单胚胎移植的剖宫产后瘢痕子宫的患者除早产率升高外,可获得与非瘢痕子宫患者类似的临床妊娠结局。双胚胎移植的临床结局仍需进一步研究。     

子宫体马蹄形切除术治疗弥漫性子宫腺肌病

目的探讨子宫体马蹄形切除术在治疗弥漫性子宫腺肌病方面的可行性和安全性。方法将50例弥漫性子宫腺肌病患者分为子宫体马蹄形切除术组和全子宫切除术组,每组为25例。比较两组手术情况、术后3、6以及12个月激素水平,术后6个月性生活质量、痛经强度、糖链抗原125（CAl25）水平以及马蹄形切除术组子宫体积大小。结果全子宫切除术组后3个月E2水平较术前降低,术后6个月下降最为明显．12个月以后逐渐回升,与术前水平比较,差异有统计学意义;术后6、12个月FSH和LH水平较术前增高,差异有统计学意义。两组术后6个月痛经强度、CAl25水平以及马蹄形切除组的子宫体积均较术前下降,差异有统计学意义,全子宫切除组术后性生活质量降低。结论子宫体马蹄形切除术切除病变组织,保留子宫,不影响卵巢血供,且有效治疗子宫腺肌病。在临床可行,是治疗希望保留子宫的需行手术的弥漫性子宫腺肌病患者的首选。     

剖宫产疤痕子宫再次妊娠的分娩方式分析

目的探讨剖宫产疤痕子宫后再次妊娠的合理分娩方式。方法对186例疤痕子宫再次妊娠孕妇的分娩方式进行回顾性分析。结果123例阴道试产分娩成功108例,阴道试产成功率87．8％,未发现子宫破裂,产时出血量、产程、新生儿Apgar评分与同期自然分娩102例比较,两组相比差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;择期剖宫产组78例。结论临床操作具备相应的条件和掌握好适应证,疤痕子宫足月妊娠在一定条件下实施阴道分娩具有可行性和安全性。     

A study of hysterectomy in a family practice.

This paper reports on a study of women in a family practice who have undergone hysterectomy as compared with a group of matched controls. Significant differences were found in the greater number of major surgical procedures (other than hysterectomy) and the reporting of chronic and recurrent symptoms for the study group. Study group women were also found to have a greater number of identified intrapersonal and family problems. There was no significant difference, however, in the number of identified chronic organic problems. Differences which did not reach statistical significance suggest that women in the study group may be more likely to be living without a male partner, to be using long-term medication, and to be smokers. A most important finding was that the group of women who had undergone hysterectomy had also had 2.6 times the number of major surgical operations than the controls, excluding the hysterectomy. There were no differences between the two groups with respect to a number of other factors studied, eg, education, religion, history of psychiatric admission, obesity.     

剖宫产疤痕子宫再次妊娠的分娩方式分析

目的探讨剖宫产疤痕子宫后再次妊娠的合理分娩方式。方法对186例疤痕子宫再次妊娠孕妇的分娩方式进行回顾性分析。结果 123例阴道试产分娩成功108例,阴道试产成功率87.8%,未发现子宫破裂,产时出血量、产程、新生儿Apgar评分与同期自然分娩102例比较,两组相比差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);择期剖宫产组78例。结论临床操作具备相应的条件和掌握好适应证,疤痕子宫足月妊娠在一定条件下实施阴道分娩具有可行性和安全性。     

Health status of users of hormone replacement therapy by hysterectomy status in Western Australia

STUDY OBJECTIVES: To compare the demographic, behavioural, and biological correlates of use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in women with an intact uterus and women who have undergone hysterectomy. DESIGN: Cross sectional analysis of data from the Busselton Health Study and the 1994 Healthway-National Heart Foundation Risk Factor Survey. SETTING: Busselton and Perth, Western Australia, 1994. PARTICIPANTS: 2540 women aged 35-79 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Demographic, behavioural, and biological correlates of use of HRT by hysterectomy status. RESULTS: In women with an intact uterus, after adjustment for age and place of residence, current use of HRT was significantly associated with having a professional level of occupation, ever use of alcohol, having a history of smoking, and a lower body mass index. Current users of HRT had significantly lower levels of total cholesterol and higher levels of triglycerides than non-users. In women who had undergone hysterectomy, the only non-biological characteristic associated with use of HRT was having a history of smoking. Current users of HRT had lower levels of systolic blood pressure, lower levels of LDL cholesterol, higher levels of HDL cholesterol, and higher levels of triglycerides. The association between use of HRT and participation in exercise, level of systolic blood pressure, level of HDL cholesterol, and total/HDL cholesterol ratio varied significantly by hysterectomy status. After adjustment for age and place of residence, the mean levels of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, waist/hip ratio, LDL cholesterol, and total/HDL cholesterol ratio were highest in women who had undergone hysterectomy and were not using HRT. CONCLUSIONS: Demographic/behavioural and biological correlates of use of HRT varied depending on hysterectomy status. Demographic and behavioural characteristics were more important as selection factors for use of HRT in women with an intact uterus than in women who had undergone hysterectomy. Women who had undergone hysterectomy and were not using HRT had a significantly worse profile for CHD than did women with an intact uterus. These results indicate that any bias in estimates of the protective effect of HRT on risk of CHD in observational studies is likely to depend on the prevalence of hysterectomy within the study population. Hysterectomy status needs to be taken into account in any studies that investigate the effect of HRT on risk of CHD.     

子宫肌层厚度联合宫颈管长度在预测早产及母婴结局的作用

目的 探讨子宫肌层厚度联合宫颈管长度在诊断早产中的作用及其对母婴结局的影响.方法 选取2015年1月至2016年2月于北京美华妇儿医院早产的84例孕妇为观察组,同时选择79例正常孕妇为对照组,比较两组孕妇不同部位子宫肌层厚度、宫颈管长度、母婴结局.结果 观察组分娩孕周显著低于对照组(t=2.164,P<0.05).观察组宫底部肌层厚、子宫体部肌层厚度均显著高于对照组(t值分别为2.787、2.463,均P<0.05),而子宫下段肌层厚度、宫颈长度均显著低于对照组(t值分别为2.344、3.324,均P<0.05).观察组胎膜早破、羊水污染、新生儿肺炎发生率均显著高于对照组(χ2值分别为5.658、6.583、4.357,均P<0.05),新生儿体重、新生儿Apgar评分均显著低于对照组(t值分别为2.670、2.908,均P<0.05),两组分娩方式无显著性差异(χ2=0.002,P>0.05),产后出血量无显著性差异(t=1.124,P>0.05).结论 子宫肌层厚度联合宫颈管长度对早产有一定的预测价值,可作为临床参考.     

Hysterectomy and socioeconomic position in Rome,Italy

STUDY OBJECTIVE: There exists conflicting evidence regarding the higher risk of hysterectomy among women of a lower educational and economic level. This study aims to assess whether in Italy socioeconomic level is related to hysterectomy undertaken for different medical reasons. DESIGN: An area based index was used to assign socieconomic status (SES; four levels defined) to 3141 women (aged 35 years or older) who underwent a hysterectomy in 1997 and were residing in Rome. Data were taken from hospital discharge records. Direct age standardised hospitalisation rates by SES level were calculated for overall hysterectomies and for those performed for either malignant or non-malignant causes. Statistical differences were detected using the ratios of standardised rates and the test for linear trend. MAIN RESULTS: The hysterectomy rate was 36.7 per 10 000 women aged 35 years or more. Hysterectomy for uterine leiomyoma accounted for 41% of all operations and was more frequent among women aged 35-49 years than for those aged 50 years or more (crude rates: 28.6 and 7.7 per 10 000, respectively). The risk of hysterectomy was 35% higher for the lowest SES group, compared with the highest group. No association was found between SES and hysterectomy rates for malignant causes, although less affluent women in age group 35-49 years had 87% higher risk of hysterectomy compared with most affluent women. The inverse association between SES and hysterectomy rates attributable to non-malignant causes was statistically significant for women aged 35-49 years but not for those aged 50 years or more. CONCLUSIONS: The inverse relation between hysterectomy and SES is largely attributable to benign disorders of the uterus, namely leiomyoma and prolapse. More affluent women may have a greater uptake of less invasive techniques for removing uterine leiomyoma compared with less affluent women, who are more likely to undergo unnecessary hysterectomies irrespective of their reproductive age.