Serum levels of IL-10, IL-6, IL-1ra, and sIL-2R in patients with psoriatic arthritis

Our objective was to evaluate the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), soluble receptors of IL-2 (sIL-2R), IL-10, and IL-1 receptor antagonists (IL-1ra) in the serum of patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and to assess the correlation between these levels and parameters of clinical activity of skin and joint disease. In total, 34 patients with PsA and ten healthy volunteers participated in the study. Assessment of joint disease included duration of morning stiffness, number of tender and swollen joints, right and left grip, the presence of inflammatory spinal back pain, and Schober test. Current severity of skin disease was graded according to the psoriasis area and severity index (PASI). Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was determined as a marker of disease activity. Serum levels of IL-6, sIL-2R, IL-1ra, and IL-10 were measured by an enzyme immunoassay kit. Significantly higher serum levels of IL-6, sIL-2R, IL-1ra, and IL-10 were found in patients with PsA in comparison with healthy volunteers. A statistically significant correlation was found between levels of sIL-2R and PASI, whereas no association was found with clinical parameters of joint severity. Levels of IL-1ra correlated with the number of tender and swollen joints. No correlation was found between levels of IL-6, IL-10, and clinical parameters of skin and joint severity. In the group of patients with PsA, serum levels of sIL-2R clearly correlated with severity of skin disease, whereas levels of IL-1ra were associated with joint severity. Received: 18 June 1999 / Accepted: 1 October 1999     

Differential in vitro effects of IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13 on proinflammatory cytokine production and fibroblast proliferation in rheumatoid synovium

The purpose of this study was to compare the potential of interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-10, and IL-13 to interrupt two major inflammatory pathways in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), i.e., overexpression of proinflammatory cytokines and cytokine-mediated fibroblast growth. IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13 were all able to significantly inhibit the production of IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-6, and IL-8 by freshly isolated RA synovial tissue cells; IL-10 was most effective in terms of IL-1β and TNF-α reduction. The IL-1 receptor antagonist was enhanced by IL-4 and IL-13, but only slightly enhanced by IL-10. Spontaneous interferon-γ secretion was diminished by IL-4 and IL-10 but not by IL-13. Addition of anti-IL-10 neutralizing antibody to RA synovial tissue cells resulted in a substantial increase in IL-1β and TNF-α levels, whereas neither anti-IL-4 nor anti-IL-13 antibody had a significant effect. IL-1β-stimulated proliferation of RA synovial fibroblast cell lines was inhibited by IL-4 and IL-13, but not by IL-10; IL-4 was over tenfold more effective than IL-13. These results suggest that IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13 all have the therapeutic potential to regulate the disease activity mediated by proinflammatory cytokines in RA, but each cytokine may have different potencies. Received: 29 June 2000 / Accepted: 20 July 2000     

COPD患者CRP、IL-6、IL-10水平与心血管事件的相关性

目的探讨COPD患者CRP、IL-6、IL-10水平与其心血管事件的相关性。方法选择2013年5月至2014年2月我院收治的60例伴有心血管疾病的COPD老年患者作为观察组,并选择同期60例无合并心血管疾病的COPD老年患者作为对照组。通过放免法检测两组患者体内CRP、IL-6、IL-10水平观察其与患者心血管事件的相关性。结果观察组CRP、IL-6分别为(16.4±2.6)ng/L和(12.8±0.6)mg/L,显著高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组IL-10水平为(8.4±1.2)ng/L,显著低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);随着病情程度加重,CRP、IL-6水平逐渐增加,重度患者含量明显高于轻度患者(P0.05);IL-10水平随着程度加重而降低,重度患者明显低于轻度(P0.05)。结论合并心血管疾病的COPD患者体内炎症反应明显,炎症因子CRP、IL-6升高,抗炎因子IL-10降低,因此检测细胞因子水平在一定程度上可反映病情程度。     

非酒精性肝脏疾病IL-6、IL-10测定及其临床意义

目的探讨非酒精性肝脏疾病（NAFLD）患者血清白介素-6（IL-6）、白介素-10（IL-10）的水平及其脂代谢以及胰岛素抵抗的情况.方法检测NAFLD组90例和正常对照组18例的血清IL-6、IL-10、丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、血脂、空腹胰岛素（FINS）和2 h胰岛素（2HINS）、游离脂肪酸（FFA）,采用稳定模式评价胰岛素抵抗（HOMA-IR）,并通过CT定量评价两组对象肝脏脂肪含量（HFC）.结果NAFLD组IL-6、FFA、ALT水平高于对照组,两组比较有显著差异（P＜0.05）.NAFLD组与对照组比较IL-10水平低于正常对照组（P＜0.05）.NAFLD组与对照组比较腰臀比（WHR）、胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、FINS、2HINS和HOMA-IR、HFC水平均明显高于正常对照组（P＜0.001）.多元逐步回归分析显示WHR和ALT与HFC呈正相关.结论IL-6和IL-10在NAFLD的致病机理中有一定的临床价值.NAFLD患者与胰岛素抵抗密切相关,WHR和ALT是影响NAFLD患者HFC独立的危险因素.     

青黛颗粒对溃疡性结肠炎实验大鼠血清白细胞介素6和10水平的影响

[目的]观察青黛颗粒对溃疡性结肠炎（UC）实验大鼠血清白细胞介素6（IL-6）和白细胞介素10（IL-10）水平的影响,探讨其治疗UC可能的作用机制。[方法]将52只SD大鼠采用三硝基苯磺酸（TNBS）法制备UC大鼠模型。造模结束后第2天取4只大鼠处死确定造模成功,余48只随机均分为6组：正常组,模型组,柳氮磺胺嘧啶（SASP）阳性药物治疗（SASP）组,青黛颗粒低、中、高剂量组,各8只。造模后第3天开始各组动物灌胃给药,连续给药10 d,实验第14天通过腹主动脉采血取血清,用ELISA法测定血清IL-6、IL-10水平。[结果]青黛颗粒低、中、高3个剂量组与模型组比较,血清IL-6水平显著降低,IL-10水平升高（P〈0.01）;青黛颗粒高剂量组血清IL-6I、L-10水平变化与SASP组比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。[结论]青黛颗粒治疗实验性UC的作用机制可能与降低IL-6水平,升高IL-10水平有关。     

低氧条件下 IL-6、IL-8、IL-10作用机制研究进展

低氧(hypoxia)是机体循环血液中氧分压较低的状态,缺氧则引发机体的一系列反应。随着研究的深入,发现机体内不但存在氧化应激反应,还伴随着一系列炎症反应,IL-6、IL-8、IL-10作为常见的炎症因子也成为研究热点,本文就低氧条件下三种 IL 的作用机制作一总结,为低氧造成的机体损伤提供更多理论依据,为低氧损伤的预防及治疗提供新靶点。     

IL-6 and IL-10 Closely Correlate with Bacterial Bloodstream Infection

Background: Given the high mortality of bacterial bloodstream infections (BSI), blood culture results do not meet clinical needs timely due to being time-consuming and having low positive rate. Whether we can identify the severity and type of bacterial infections by cytokines is a controversial issue. Objective: To investigate the dynamic change of cytokines in BSI. Methods: 55 patients with Gram-positive (GP) BSI, 64 patients with Gram-negative (GN) BSI and 52 healthy controls were enrolled. We quantitatively detected the cytokines interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) by flow cytometry in the sera. The levels of procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, leukocytes and neutrophils were also detected simultaneously. Results: There were significantly up-regulated IL-6 and IL-10 expression in BSI patients, particularly in the GN-BSI, for instance Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae infections; following the treatment, IL-6 and IL-10 decreased by 10-23 and 4-27 times, respectively. Additionally, IL-2, TNF-α and IFN-γ expression increased slightly in BSI patients and IFN-γ expression declined as GN-BSI progressed. Conclusion: IL-6 and IL-10 are closely associated with the severity and treatment efficacy of BSI, and can help to distinguish between GP-BSI and GN-BSI at an early stage.     

大承气冲剂对腹内感染致肺损伤患者BLAF中IL-6、IL-10浓度的影响

目的观察大承气冲剂对腹内感染（IAI）致急性肺损伤（ALI）患者局部免疫炎性因子IL-6、IL-10浓度的影响。方法将40例IAI合并ALI的患者随机分为对照组20例和中药组20例;对照组给予西医常规治疗＋安慰剂,中药组给予西医常规治疗＋大承气冲剂,疗程为5 d。记录患者排气、排便时间,并于治疗第1、3、5天分别测氧合指数（OI）及BLAF中IL-6、IL-10浓度。结果中药组排气、排便时间明显短于对照组（P均〈0.05）;中药组OI值较对照组明显升高（P〈0.05）;中药组BLAF中IL-6、IL-10浓度较对照组明显降低（P均〈0.05）。结论大承气冲剂可减轻IAI合并ALI患者局部炎症反应,促进免疫系统及肺肠功能的恢复。     

Serum Levels of IL-10 and IL-22 Cytokines in Patients with Psoriasis

Background: As a chronic inflammatory condition, psoriasis results from an interaction between genetic and immunologic factors in a predisposing environment. In spite of compelling evidence for the role of T cells and cytokines in psoriasis, interleukin (IL)- 10 and IL-22 have not been sufficiently investigated. Objective: To assess the serum levels of IL-10 and IL-22 in patients with psoriasis compared to healthy controls. Methods: A total of 28 patients with psoriasis were compared with 28 age and sexmatched healthy subjects. Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) criteria were used to measure the severity of the disease. Serum levels of IL-10 and IL-22 were measured in both groups and compared. Results: The mean serum level of IL-10 was 89.5±18.7 in patients compared to 117.2±23.4 pg/ml in the controls (p=0.36). Also, serum level of IL-22 was 284.1±49.7 in patients versus 425.4±82.8 pg/ml in control group (p=0.17). There was a significant direct correlation between levels of IL-10 and IL-22 in patients group (p=0.0005). The clinical severity of psoriasis was significantly correlated with high levels of IL-22 (p<0.0001).Conclusions: The decreased levels of IL-10 in psoriatic patients and direct correlation between higher levels of IL-22 and disease severity support the clinical implication of both cytokines in psoriasis.     

Synovial fluid and serum levels of soluble interleukin-6 receptor in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Our objective was to measure both synovial fluid (SF) and serum levels of soluble interleukin-6 receptor (sIL-6R) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and patients with osteoarthritis (OA), and to investigate the amounts of sIL-6R protein produced by cultured synovial cells, chondrocytes and mononuclear cells (MNCs). We measured levels of sIL-6R using a sensitive and specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Synovial cells, chondrocytes and MNCs were cultured, and the supernatants were also measured for sIL-6R. SF levels of sIL-6R in RA were significantly higher than those in OA. SF levels of sIL-6R significantly correlated with SF levels of IL-6 in RA. The serum level of sIL-6R was approximately 3-fold higher than the SF level of sIL-6R. sIL-6R protein was not detected in the supernatants of synovial cells and chondrocytes. As compared to the SF levels of sIL-6R, a small amount of sIL-6R protein was produced by SF MNCs. The above findings suggest that increased amounts of sIL-6R form IL-6-sIL-6R complexes which mediate IL-6 function in RA joints and that SF sIL-6R protein might be not only produced in affected joints, but also supplied from the serum.     

Synovial fluid and serum levels of soluble interleukin-6 receptor in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Abstract

Our objective was to measure both synovial fluid (SF) and serum levels of soluble interleukin-6 receptor (sIL-6R) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and patients with osteoarthritis (OA), and to investigate the amounts of sIL-6R protein produced by cultured synovial cells, chondrocytes and mononuclear cells (MNCs). We measured levels of sIL-6R using a sensitive and specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Synovial cells, chondrocytes and MNCs were cultured, and the supernatants were also measured for sIL-6R. SF levels of sIL-6R in RA were significantly higher than those in OA. SF levels of sIL-6R significantly correlated with SF levels of IL-6 in RA. The serum level of sIL-6R was approximately 3-fold higher than the SF level of sIL-6R. sIL-6R protein was not detected in the supernatants of synovial cells and chondrocytes. As compared to the SF levels of sIL-6R, a small amount of sIL-6R protein was produced by SF MNCs. The above findings suggest that increased amounts of sIL-6R form IL-6-sIL-6R complexes which mediate IL-6 function in RA joints and that SF sIL-6R protein might be not only produced in affected joints, but also supplied from the serum.     

急性脑梗死患者血清脂联素与IL-10的关系及意义

目的:研究急性脑梗死患者血清脂联素与IL-10、脑梗死体积、NIHSS评分的相关性。方法:对50例急性脑梗死患者和38例健康体检者测定血清脂联素与IL-10,并计算脑梗死面积大小,脑梗死患者NIHSS评分。结果:急性脑梗死组脂联素水平、IL-10水平与正常对照组比较明显降低;急性脑梗死组脂联素水平与IL-10水平呈正相关(r=0.274,P0.01),首次脑梗死后梗死体积与血清脂联素成负相关(r=-0.201,P0.05);首次脑梗死后梗死体积与IL-10无明显相关性。血清脂联素、IL-10水平与缺血性卒中神经功能评分均无明显相关性。结论:脑梗死的发生可能与脂联素、IL-10等保护性抗炎因子的减少有关;测定脂联素水平可作为判断脑梗死严重性的一个重要参考指标。     

In vitro antigen presenting cell-derived IL-10 and IL-6 correlate with Trichuris muris isolate-specific survival

Trichuris muris , the mouse whipworm, is used as a laboratory model of the human parasite T. trichiura . Three laboratory isolates of T. muris exist — the E, J and S isolates. Previous data have shown that the S isolate survives to chronicity in C57BL/6 mice unlike the E and J isolates, which are expelled. The ability of the S isolate to persist is thought to be due to it secreting unique excretory/secretory antigens, which interact with APCs such that protective T cell responses do not develop. To determine whether APCs respond differently to E/S antigens from the three isolates we cultured isolate-specific E/S with bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMΦ) and dendritic cells (BMDCs) in vitro . Markers of co-stimulation and levels of MHC-II were analysed by FACS and cytokine levels in supernatants quantified. E/S antigens from the S isolate consistently stimulated significantly higher levels of IL-10 and IL-6 from both macrophages (F4/80⁺CD11b⁺CD11c⁻) and dendritic cells (CD11c⁺CD11b⁺F4/80⁻) compared to J and E isolate E/S. If these in vitro differences in APC-derived cytokines, particularly IL-10, are biologically significant in vivo , they may contribute to the S isolate survival, by creating a regulatory cytokine environment in which protective immune responses are less effective.     

Soluble interleukin-6 receptor in rheumatoid arthritis

To investigate the pathophysiologic role of soluble interleukin-6 receptor (sIL-6R) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), serum sIL-6R levels were measured in 15 RA patients and 15 healthy control subjects using a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Correlation analysis was performed between sIL-6R levels and clinical variables such as joint score, Lansbury’s index, C-reactive protein and platelet counts. Levels of sIL-6R and IL-6 were also measured in paired samples of serum and synovial fluid obtained at the same time from nine RA patients. Serum sIL-6R levels in RA patients (153.9±56.9 ng/ml) were significantly higher than those of control subjects (115.1±19.1 ng/ml;P<0.05). However, sIL-6R levels did not correlate with any clinical characteristic of RA. sIL-6R was detectable in synovial fluid, but was invariably lower than in serum, in contrast to IL-6 (i.e. much higher in synovial fluid). It correlated neither with total cell nor neutrophil number in synovial fluid. Serum C-reactive protein levels were significantly correlated with IL-6 in synovial fluid, but not with sIL-6R in synovial fluid. These results indicate that serum sIL-6R levels are increased in RA patients. High levels of serum sIL-6R did not seem to be derived from the site of local inflammation. The readily detectable sIL-6R in synovial fluid may co-operate with IL-6 in the pathogenesis of synovitis in RA.     

Soluble interleukin-6 receptor in rheumatoid arthritis

Abstract

To investigate the pathophysiologic role of soluble interleukin-6 receptor (sIL-6R) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), serum sIL-6R levels were measured in 15 RA patients and 15 healthy control subjects using a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Correlation analysis was performed between sIL-6R levels and clinical variables such as joint score, Lansbury’s index, C-reactive protein and platelet counts. Levels of sIL-6R and IL-6 were also measured in paired samples of serum and synovial fluid obtained at the same time from nine RA patients. Serum sIL-6R levels in RA patients (153.9±56.9 ng/ml) were significantly higher than those of control subjects (115.1±19.1 ng/ml; P<0.05). However, sIL-6R levels did not correlate with any clinical characteristic of RA. sIL-6R was detectable in synovial fluid, but was invariably lower than in serum, in contrast to IL-6 (i.e. much higher in synovial fluid). It correlated neither with total cell nor neutrophil number in synovial fluid. Serum C-reactive protein levels were significantly correlated with IL-6 in synovial fluid, but not with sIL-6R in synovial fluid. These results indicate that serum sIL-6R levels are increased in RA patients. High levels of serum sIL-6R did not seem to be derived from the site of local inflammation. The readily detectable sIL-6R in synovial fluid may co-operate with IL-6 in the pathogenesis of synovitis in RA.     

IgG4-related disease manifesting as pericarditis with elevated adenosine deaminase and IL-10 levels in pericardial fluid

A 78-year-old female with massive pericardial effusion fulfilled diagnostic criteria for immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related disease. Although her adenosine deaminase (ADA) level in the pericardial effusion was high, all the tests for tuberculosis infection were negative. Immunostaining of the pericardium biopsy specimen revealed remarkably increased IgG4-positive cells. This is the first report describing IgG4-related pericarditis with elevated ADA level. We also demonstrate the elevated interleukin-10 (IL-10) level in pericardial fluid and IL-10-producing T-cells in the pericardium.     

Serum IL-6, TNFα and CRP levels in Greek colorectal cancer patients: Prognostic implications

AIM: The significance of preoperative serum IL-6, TNFαand CRP levels in the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) has not been fully elucidated. Our intention was to investigate their role and identify their prognostic significance.METHODS: The IL-6, TNFα and CRP levels were measured in 74 CRC patients and the relationships between their elevation s and both the clinicopathological factors and prognosis of patients were investigated. Serum concentrations of human IL-6 and TNFα were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). CRP was measured by an immunoturbinometric method.RESULTS: Median IL-6, TNFα and CRP levels weresignificantly higher in CRC patients than in normal controls.High levels of serum IL-6, TNFα and CRP were correlated with larger tumor size. Furthermore, high IL-6 and high CRP levels were associated with reduced overall survival.CONCLUSION: Serum IL-6, TNFα and CRP levels definitely increase in CRC patients. Pre-operative serum elevation of IL-6 and CRP was thus found to be predictor of the prognosis of CRC patients. The clinical value of TNFα in CRC needs to be further investigated.     

The combination of IL-6 and its soluble receptor is associated with the response of rheumatoid arthritis patients to tocilizumab

BackgroundIL-6 contributes significantly to the chronic inflammatory process of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Tocilizumab, a humanized anti-human IL-6 receptor antibody that blocks the signaling originated by the IL-6/IL-6R complex, is an effective treatment. However, predictors of the response to tocilizumab are still required. We aimed to combine IL-6 and soluble IL-6R (sIL-6R) levels to identify groups of responses.MethodsHeparinized blood and clinical data from 63 RA patients were collected before treatment and after 3 and 6 months. Two-step clustering (SPSS v.18) was used to establish the relationship between IL-6 and sIL-6R. Then, we compared European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) response criteria with remission achievement in the groups of patients.ResultsThree statistical significant clusters of RA patients (i.e., g1, g2, and g3) were defined by serum concentrations of IL-6 and sIL-6R at baseline. All groups of RA patients had higher IL-6 and sIL-6R levels than healthy donors. The levels of IL-6 expressed as median (IQR) in g1 patients were 124(90–183) pg/ml, in g2 12.3(4.4–24) pg/ml, and in g3 60.1(30–146) pg/ml (p < 0.001). The levels of sIL-6R expressed as mean ± sd in g1 patients were 250.5 ± 72 ng/ml, in g2 269.1 ± 125 ng/ml, and in g3 732.7 ± 243 ng/ml (p < 0.001). Disease activity score (DAS)28, C-reactive protein, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were comparable in the three groups at baseline. Disease duration in g3 was the longest (median(IQR) years: g1 = 11(5–15), g2 = 12(8–20), and g3 23(16–26); p = 0.006), with years of disease evolution being correlated with sIL-6R levels (R = 0.417, p < 0.001). Simple and Clinical Disease Activity Index (SDAI and CDAI) decreased significantly in the three groups. However, EULAR response criteria and remission achievement at 6 m was different in the three groups (p = 0.03 and 0.04, respectively). In all. 17 out of the 18 patients in g1 had a good or moderate response to tocilizumab. Conversely, the percentage of patients with no response to tocilizumab was higher in g3 than in g1 and g2. We also observed different changing patterns of IL-6 and sIL-6R levels among the three groups.ConclusionsRA patients could be easily stratified prior to therapeutic intervention with two molecules related to the pathway blocked by tocilizumab. G1 patients, who had the best response to tocilizumab, had the highest level of IL-6 and the lowest level of sIL-6R.     

Serum IL-6, TNFα and CRP levels in Greek colorectal cancer patients： Prognostic implications

AIM: The significance of preoperative serum IL-6, TNFα and CRP levels in the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) has not been fully elucidated. Our intention was to investigate their role and identify their prognostic significance.METHODS: The IL-6, TNFα and CRP levels were measured in 74 CRC patients and the relationships between their elevations and both the clinicopathological factors and prognosis of patients were investigated. Serum concentrations of human IL-6 and TNFα were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). CRP was measured by an immunoturbinometric method. RESULTS: Median IL-6, TNFα and CRP levels were significantly higher in CRC patients than in normal controls. High levels of serum IL-6, TNFα and CRP were correlated with larger tumor size. Furthermore, high IL-6 and high CRP levels were associated with reduced overall survival. CONCLUSION: Serum IL-6, TNFα and CRP levels definitely increase in CRC patients. Pre-operative serum elevation of IL-6 and CRP was thus found to be predictor of the prognosis of CRC patients. The clinical value of TNFα in CRC needs to be further investigated.