舒尔芬片中双氯芬酸钠与磷酸可待因含量的测定

研究舒尔芬片剂中双氯芬酸钠和磷酸可待因的含量测定方法。方法：采用多波长线性回归法，不经分离便可同时测定舒尔芬片剂中双氯芬酸钠和磷酸可待因的含量。计算程序用计算机语言编制。结果；双氯芬酸钠和磷酸可待因的平均回收率与相对偏差分别为１００．１４％，０．９２％和９８．９％，１．２７％。结论：方法简便，快速，结果满意。     

双氯芬酸钠肠溶片体外释放度比较

目的：对3个药厂生产的双氯芬酸钠肠溶片的体外释放度进行研究，为其质量控制提供参考，方法：选用转蓝法，用紫外分光光度法测定双氯芬酸钠的含量，并对释药参数T50、Td,T70进行统计分析，结果：3种双氯芬酸钠肠溶片在45min的释放量均超过标示量70％，但释药参数差异具有统计学意义（P＜0．01），结论：不同药厂生产的双氯芬酸钠肠溶片的质量存在显著差异，预示在临床应用时会导致疗效的差异。     

双氯芬酸钠擦剂的稳定性试验

高效液相色谱法测定双氯芬酸钠的含量并用经典恒温加速法预测双氯芬酸钠擦剂的稳定性。结果HPLC方法的回收率为99．24％,RSD为1．05％,双氯芬酸钠擦剂在室温下有效期为1．74年。认为双氯芬酸钠擦剂的稳定性良好。     

HPLC法同时测定双氯芬酸钠肠溶片中双氯芬酸钠的含量及有关物质

目的用HPLC法同时测定双氯芬酸钠肠溶片(OLFEN-50)中双氯芬酸钠的含量及有关物质。方法以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂;以ψ[乙腈：甲醇：磷酸二氢钾缓冲液(用P=85％磷酸调节pH至2．5)]=(10：55：35)为流动相;流速为1．0ml／min;检测波长为245nm。结果双氯芬酸钠在40．571～202．856μg/mL范围内与峰面积呈现线性良好,回收率为100．9％,样品的有关物质分离完全。结论本法结果准确,分离效果好,重现性良好,方法简便、快捷。     

亚甲基蓝分光光度法测定双氯芬酸钠

目的：研究双氯芬酸钠的分光光度测定方法。方法：双氯芬酸钠与过量的亚甲基蓝反应生成一能被氯仿萃取的蓝色配合物。结果：方法的线性范围和检出限分别为0．9－5．0μg/ml及0．40μg/ml。结论：该方法用于药品中双氯芬酸钠的测定，结果令人满意。     

干扰组分吸收系数法同时测定复方制剂中两组分的含量

目的：测定复方制剂注射用氨氯西林钠中氨苄林钠和氯唑西林钠的含量。方法：利用干扰组分吸收系数法同时测定。氨苄西林钠、氯唑西林钠(山西博康药业有限公司提供)。结果：氨苄西林钠的含量为：98．5％、，S=0．025，RSD=2．6％，氯唑西林钠的含量为：100．5％，S=1．3，RSD=1．3％。结论：干扰组分吸收系数法同时测定两组分的含量具有简单、快速、准确等特点，是一种新型测定复方制剂中两组分含量的新方法。     

双氯芬酸钠片剂与胶囊剂的体外溶出度分析

利用紫外分光光度法考察不同厂家双氯芬酸钠制剂的含量及溶出度，为该药的质量控制及处方工艺评定提供方法和参数。结果：参数m（形状参数）（P〈0．01）有极显著差异，a（位置参数）（P〈0．05）有显著差异，Td（特征数）（P〉0.05），两个厂家制剂溶出度无明显差异。提示：为了确保双氯芬酸钠制剂的临床疗效，应对其进行体外溶出度的测定。     

术前应用双氯芬酸钠局麻在鼻内镜手术中的镇痛疗效

目的：探讨双氯芬酸钠在鼻内镜手术术前辅助麻醉作用、术中的镇痛效果。方法：按术前30min给予肌注双氯芬酸钠5（1mg的120例患者作为治疗组,不肌注双氯芬酸钠患者89例为对照组,观察各组患者在手术中的疼痛情况及不良反应。按照疼痛4点口述分级法并进行比较。结果：治疗组和对照组比较．治疗组有效率99．2％,对照组91％,两组差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,不良反应率治疗组7．37％,对照组6．74％,差异无统计意义（P〉0．05）。结论：术前予肌注双氯芬酸钠可在鼻内镜手术中起辅助麻醉作用,起到镇痛作用,但应严格掌握适应证,避免严重不良反应。     

双氯芬酸钠眼液对准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术后屈光稳定性的影响

目的：探讨准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术（PRK）前应用国产0．1％双氯芬酸钠眼液（佳贝眼液）控制屈光回退的作用。方法：采用自身对照的方法观察PRK36例（72眼）。患者左眼术前滴0．1％双氯芬酸钠眼液，右眼作为对照眼滴0．5％环丙沙星眼液作为安慰剂。观察术后1，3，6，12月屈光度及裸眼视力，角膜Haze。结果：术后第一天实验组疼痛程度较对照组明显降低（P＜0．01），术后3天两组上皮愈合程度无差异。0．1％双氯芬酸钠眼液能减轻PRK术后的疼痛且无明显毒副作用。不同时期实验组（左眼）与对照组（右眼）屈光度、裸眼视力、角膜Haze均无显著性差异（P＞0．05）。结论：术前应用双氯芬酸钠眼液可以缓解PRK术后疼痛，但对PRK术后1年屈光稳定性无影响显著。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定头孢西酮钠原料药的含量及有关物质

目的建立头孢西酮钠含量测定及有关物质测定的HPLC法。方法反相高效液相色谱法，流动相：0．2mol／L的磷酸二氢钾：乙腈=85：15；检测波长为280；流速为1ml／min；进样量：20td。结果头孢西酮钠在0．0804～0．294mg／ml浓度范围内峰面积与浓度线性关系良好，r=0．99999，最低检限为0．02ng，本方法的重复性与精密性良好（RSD％：0．23％，n=6）经专属性试验，可知杂质峰与主峰分离良好，理论塔板数均大于4000，分离度均大于3。该方法的平均回收率为100．62％（n=9）。结论该方法简便，灵敏度高，结果准确，可用于头孢西酮钠原料药含量及有关物质的检测。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.