改良提上睑肌腱膜-额肌吻合术在先天性重度上睑下垂中的应用

[摘要] 目的 观察改良提上睑肌腱膜-额肌吻合术矫治先天性重度上睑下垂的临床疗效。方法 对27例35只眼先天性重度上睑下垂患者采用改良提上睑肌腱膜-额肌吻合术（即采用双切口下制作提上睑肌腱膜眶隔筋膜复合瓣和额肌瓣,经眶隔后隧道重叠吻合）进行矫治,并观察其疗效。结果 随访3～18个月者共21例27只眼,术后效果分级参考林茂昌的方法,良好者88.9％（24/27）,好转者11.1％(3/27),无无效病例。部分病例早期出现轻度眼睑闭合不全,3个月后均恢复好,无暴露性角膜炎,睑外翻和术后回退等并发症发生。结论 该改良提上睑肌腱膜-额肌吻合术具有悬吊更牢固,不易回退,重睑和睑缘弧度满意,美容效果明显等特点,是治疗先天性重度上睑下垂的有效办法。     

上睑下垂不同术式的选择及临床体会

上睑下垂主要采取手术治疗。但要使每次手术都达到满意，确非易事。本文报告２００例２４０眼，将上睑下垂程度分为轻度Ⅰ级、轻度Ⅱ级、中度、重度４类。分别选择４种不同的手术方式，即睑板、结膜、苗肋氏肌切除术，提上睑肌腱膜折叠术，提上睑肌缩短术和额肌瓣悬吊术，临床上取得了较为满意的效果。     

两种术式矫治不同程度先天性上睑下垂的临床效果

目的:探讨两种术式矫治不同程度先天性上睑下垂的临床效果。方法:采用回顾性分析的方法对2001年8月～2011年8月采用提上睑肌缩短术和额肌瓣悬吊术这两种术式进行矫治的不同程度的先天性上睑下垂的患者98例126眼进行术后观察及手术拆线后4周进行随访。结果:轻度先天性上睑下垂患者进行提上睑肌缩短术临床疗效明显优于中度和重度先天性上睑下垂患者(P<0.05),而中度及重度先天性上睑下垂患者进行额肌瓣悬吊术临床疗效明显优于轻度和重度先天性上睑下垂患者(P<0.05)。结论:提上睑肌缩短术治疗轻度先天性上睑下垂患者,既能保持上睑功能又能达到美容的目的,适用于轻度先天性上睑下垂,而额肌瓣悬吊术直接以额肌为动力提起先天性上睑下垂患者的上睑可达到矫正上睑下垂的目的,适用于中、重度先天性上睑下垂。     

上睑提肌腱膜折叠术治疗老年腱膜性上睑下垂

目的 探讨上险提肌腱膜折叠术治疗老年性腱膜性上睑下垂的效果及可行性.方法 对明确诊断为中到重度老年腱膜性上睑下垂34列(61只眼),均行提上睑肌腱膜折叠术.结果 所有病例随访3个月～1.5年,平均8个月.远期效果满意者59只眼,占96.72%,轻度欠矫2只眼,占3.28%.结论 提上睑肌折叠求是治疗不同程度老年性腱膜性上睑下垂的有效方法.     

提上睑肌缩短腱膜复合瓣-额肌吻合术治疗复发性上睑下垂

目的：对实施过单纯提上睑肌缩短和额肌悬吊术失败的上睑下垂，通过术中重新设计提上睑肌腱膜复合瓣与额肌吻合而再次达到矫正的目的。方法：术中分离粘连重新设计提上睑肌腱膜瓣并缩短形成新的复合瓣，然后再与额肌瓣吻合而达到矫正。结果：25例26眼（单眼24例，双眼1例共26眼）24眼得以完全矫正，2眼欠矫，其中1例因额肌瓣过长，另1例因皮下感染所致。结论：此种术式简单牢固，对复发性和重度上睑下垂疗效可靠．值得推广。     

以额肌瓣为动力矫治上睑下垂24眼分析

为改善上睑下垂术后动静脉矫治效果。对20例（24只眼）该类患者应用以额肌瓣为上提上睑动力的矫治术,效果满意,认为额肌瓣为动力的手术矫治效果明显,额肌瓣直接悬吊术适合于重度上睑下垂的矫治,但上睑肌腿膜额肌瓣吻合术更适合中轻度上睑下垂患者,并更具生物力学特征。     

改良额肌腱膜-眼轮匝肌瓣悬吊法在重度上睑下垂中的临床应用

目的:观察改良额肌腱膜-眼轮匝肌瓣悬吊法在重度上睑下垂中的临床应用效果。方法:选取48例(69眼)重度上睑下垂患者,分为对照组16例(21眼)和观察组32例(48眼);对照组患者采用提上睑肌缩短术进行治疗,观察组患者采用改良额肌腱膜-眼轮匝肌瓣悬吊法进行治疗,对比两组患者的临床治疗效果。结果:对照组患者21眼,矫正满意度为71.43%,观察组患者48眼,矫正满意度为89.58%,观察组患者明显优于对照组,P<0.05,差异具有统计学意义。结论:改良额肌腱膜-眼轮匝肌瓣悬吊法在重度上睑下垂中的临床应用效果确切,矫正效果好,值得临床推广应用。     

两种术式矫治不同程度先天性上睑下垂99例临床效果观察

目的观察提上睑肌缩短术和额肌瓣悬吊术矫治不同程度先天性上睑下垂的临床效果。方法选取我院2001年5月至2012年5月就诊的先天性上睑下垂患者99例131眼,随机分为提上睑肌缩短术组(51例61眼)和额肌瓣悬吊术组(48例70眼),术后随访3~12个月,评价手术效果。结果提上睑肌缩短术组患者术后并发症例数明显高于额肌瓣悬吊术组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);重度患者中提上睑肌缩短术组术后并发症为14例,明显高于额肌瓣悬吊术组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),但两组术后上睑遮盖上角膜平均数差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);额肌瓣悬吊术治疗重度的该症患者较前者疗效更为显著,患者满意率高达92.59%。经统计学分析,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论提上睑肌缩短术不影响美观,对轻度先天性上睑下垂患者有显著疗效。而额肌瓣悬吊术则更适用于中度和重度先天性上睑下垂,尤其是肌力极差的患者。     

提上睑肌腱膜瓣—额肌吻合术在治疗儿童重度上睑下垂中的应用

对重度上睑下垂的矫治,我们改良传统的手术方式,采用提上睑肌位膜瓣—额肌吻合术治疗26例36眼儿童先天性重度上睑下垂,取得了良好效果。制作提上睑肌腹膜瓣、额肌分离、隧道制作是确保手术成功的三个重要步骤,而制作提上睑肌腱膜瓣则是这三个步骤中的关键步骤。本文对这三个手术步骤作了讨论。为充分暴露额肌,便于制作额肌组织瓣,利于提上睑肌腱膜瓣与额肌吻合,本组病例加作了眉毛下中部辅助切口。本组病例对以往“额肌筋膜瓣”作了改进,额肌分离只制成片状组织瓣,其两侧不与剪开,上下分离达眉上缘区即可,以减少损伤,既克服了额肌筋膜瓣方法时两侧剪开,剥离范围大出血多的缺点,又加强了额肌悬吊的力量。本文对儿童重度上睑下垂手术矫治谈了我们的做法和体会。     

两种术式治疗重度先天性上睑下垂的效果观察

目的探讨应用上睑提肌缩短术、额肌瓣悬吊术治疗重度先天性上睑下垂的疗效。方法重度先天性上睑下垂患者32例37眼,上睑提肌肌力≥4mm患者18例（22眼）行上睑提肌缩短术,上睑提肌肌力〈4mm患者14例（15眼）行额肌瓣悬吊术,比较术后效果、上睑弧度、双重睑成形情况及手术并发症。结果采用上睑提肌缩短术患者术后兔眼恢复时间短,外观自然,效果满意;采用额肌瓣悬吊术患者兔眼恢复时间长,外形欠自然。结论两种手术方式均能有效治疗先天性上睑下垂,但上睑提肌缩短术更符合生理状态,手术效果更好,且并发症少。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.