蚯蚓纤溶酶对犬纤溶酶活性和血小板聚集功能的影响

目的研究口服蚯蚓纤溶酶（ＥＦＥ）对纤溶系统和血小板聚集功能的影响。方法正常雄性Ｂｅａｇｌｅ犬，体重６．５～９ｋｇ，经口给蚯蚓纤溶酶，经前肢静脉取血。以Ｓ－２２５１为发色底物，测定血浆纤溶酶活性；５０μｍｏｌ／ＬＡＤＰ为诱导剂测定血小板聚集率。结果（１）单剂量ＥＦＥ４０、８０ｍｇ／ｋｇ后血浆纤溶酶活性升高（Ｐ＜０．０５），８０ｍｇ／ｋｇ组高于４０ｍｇ／ｋｇ组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。连续给药１０ｄ，４０、８０ｍｇ／ｋｇ组均有多个时间点纤溶酶活性升高（Ｐ＜０．０５），但两组间无差异。（２）单剂量ＥＦＥ４０ｍｇ／ｋｇ，或经口给阿司匹林８ｍｇ／ｋｇ后３ｈ，血小板聚集均被抑制（Ｐ＜０．０５）；而在单剂量ＥＦＥ８０ｍｇ／ｋｇ或经口给淀粉后３ｈ，血小板聚集功能均无变化。结论ＥＦＥ经口给药可提高血浆纤溶酶活性，并在一定剂量下可抑制血小板的聚集。     

蚯蚓纤溶酶夺犬纤溶酶活性和血小板聚集功能的影响

研究口服蚯蚓纤溶酶对纤溶系统的和血小板聚集功能的影响。方法 正常雄性Ｂｅａｇｌｅ犬，体重６．５－９ｋｇ，经口给蚯蚓纤溶酶，经前肢静脉取血，以Ｓ－２２５１为发色底物，测定血浆纤溶酶活性；５０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＡＤＰ为诱导剂测定血小板聚集率。结果（１）单剂量ＥＦＥ４０，８０ｍｇ／ｋｇ后血浆纤溶酶活性升高，８０ｍｇ／ｋｇ组高于４０ｍｇ／ｋｇ组。连续给药１０ｄ，４０，８０ｍｇ／ｋｇ组均有多个时间点纤溶酶活性各     

纤溶酶治疗超出溶栓时间窗的动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死的疗效观察

目的观察纤溶酶治疗超出溶栓时间窗的动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死的疗效。方法将82例发病超过6h的动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死病例随机分为试验组（42例）及对照组（40例）,两组均给予拜阿司匹林、阿托伐他汀钙片、依达拉奉注射液治疗,试验组在此基础上给予注射用纤溶酶静脉滴注,100U／（次·d）,14d为1个疗程。结果试验组神经功能缺损评分在第7天、第14天明显低于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论纤溶酶治疗超出溶栓时间窗的动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死疗效显著。     

无创通气改善慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期凝血功能的疗效分析

目的探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）急性加重期患者的凝血功能变化及无创通气对其的影响。方法对25例COPD急性加重期患者（观察组）予以无创通气,对照组为本院体检中心健康志愿者10例。比较无创通气治疗前后两组的凝血功能和血气分析的变化。结果无创通气前观察组的血浆D-二聚体、纤维蛋白原、纤溶酶-抗纤溶酶复合物、二氧化碳分压,明显升高,氧分压明显降低,与对照组比较均有统计学意义（均P〈0.05）;无创通气后观察组患者二氧化碳分压,血浆D-二聚体、纤维蛋白原、纤溶酶-抗纤溶酶复合物明显降低,氧分压明显升高,组内比较差异均有统计学意义（均〈0.05）。结论 COPD急性加重期患者存在高凝状态,易导致肺小动脉血栓形成,无创通气能改善COPD急性加重期患者的凝血功能。     

脑梗死患者甘油三酯与纤溶活性异常的研究

目的：探讨患血浆高甘油三酯与纤溶系统异常对脑梗死发病的危险度。方法：采用酶联免疫吸附双抗体夹心法、酶法、对51例脑梗死患及50例健康对照组血浆组织型纤溶酶原激活物（tPA)、纤溶酶原激活剂抑制物－1（PAI－1）和甘油三酯（TG）水平进行对比分析。结果：血浆高TG，高PAI－1与低tPA含量变化为脑梗死患异常变化的特征，与正常组相比差异有显性（P＜0．01），结论：高甘油三酯通过改变纤溶活性是诱发脑梗死疾病发生，发展的危险的因素之一。     

脂蛋白（a）及凝血纤溶系统对老年动脉硬化疾病的影响

研究脂蛋白与老年动脉硬化性疾病的关系，并探讨Ｌｐ（ａ）是否通过抑制纤溶系统起作用。方法：对１５７例老年患及健康志愿进行了Ｌｐ（ａ）及部分凝血和纤溶因子的测定，按年龄及疾病情况分为５组。结果：Ｌｐ（ａ）水平在冠心病及脑血栓组明显升高，分别为（３６４±３７８）ｍｇ／Ｌ及（３４９±１８０）ｍｇ／Ｌ，明显高于高血压组和健康对照组，各组部凝血及纤溶因子水平差别无显性。     

血凝酶对前列腺双极电切术围手术期凝血、纤溶功能的影响

目的    探讨血凝酶对前列腺增生（BPH）患者行双极电切术（PKRP）围手术期机体凝血、纤溶功能的影响。方法    将60例BPH患者分为血凝酶组、止血芳酸组和生理盐水组,每组20例,观察术中、术后患者的出血量以及机体凝血、纤溶功能指标血小板计数（Plt）、红细胞压积（Hct）、凝血酶原时间（PT）、活化部分凝血活酶时间（APTT）、纤维蛋白原（Fbg）、组织型纤溶酶原激活物（t-PA）、纤溶酶原激活剂抑制物（PAI-1）和D 二聚体（D D）的变化。结果    与止血芳酸组和生理盐水组相比,血凝酶组术中、术后3d出血量减少（P<0.05）。三组的APTT无明显变化（P>0.05）;生理盐水组术中、术后第1天PT升高（P<0.05）,止血芳酸组和血凝酶组的PT无明显变化（P>0.05）;血凝酶组能维持Plt、Hct、Fbg、t-PA、 PAI-1和D-D的相对稳定（P<0.05）。结论     血凝酶能减少BPH患者PKRP围手术期出血量,对机体凝血、纤溶功能影响小,不会增加术后发生血栓形成的风险。     

蛇毒纤溶酶的一般药理作用研究

蛇毒纤溶酶（０．００６，０．０１２，０．０２４ｕ／ｋｇ，ｉｖ）对麻醉犬颈动脉收缩压（ＳＡＰ）、舒张压（ＤＡＰ）、平均压（ＭＡＰ）、心率（ＨＲ）、心电图各参数（Ｐ－Ｒ期间、ＱＲＳ波、Ｑ－Ｔ间期、Ｔ波）、呼吸频率及呼吸幅度无明显影响；低剂量（０．００６ｕ／ｋｇ）蛇毒纤溶酶对麻醉犬凝血时间和复钙时间无明显影响，但中、高剂量（０．０１２，０．０２４ｕ／ｋｇ）蛇毒纤溶酶则可显著延长凝血时间和复钙时间，中剂量组对复钙时间的影响恢复较快。蛇毒纤溶酶低、中、高剂量（０．０７，０．１４，０．２８ｕ／ｋｇ）对小鼠一般行为，机能协调功能及阈下戊巴比妥钠催眠作用无明显影响。     

颅脑损伤患者早期凝血纤溶功能变化与迟发性颅内出血及预后的相关性探讨

目的探讨颅脑损伤患者早期凝血纤溶功能变化与迟发性颅内出血及预后的关系。方法根据格捕斯哥评分（GCS）,将河北大学附属医院收治的142例颅脑损伤患者分为轻型组47例,中型组39例,重型组56例,同时选取50例健康体检者作为对照组,检测其入院时凝血纤溶功能指标。治疗1个月后按是否出现迟发性颅内出血将患者分为无迟发性颅内出血组（93例）和迟发性颅内出血组（49例）。比较不同组之间凝血纤溶功能指标。结果各型颅脑损伤中凝虮纤溶功能均有异常,且随着伤情的加重,凝血酶原时间（PT）、活化部分凝血活酶时间（APTT）、凝血酶时间（TT）、D-二聚体（DD）水平逐渐升高,而血小板（PLT）水平逐渐下降（P〈0．05）。与无迟发性颅内出血组比较,迟发性颅内出血组PT、APTT、TT和DD水平明显升高,PLT水平明显降低（P〈0．05）。结论颅脑损伤后存在凝血功能异常,且其与迟发性颅内出血的发生密切相关。早期凝血纤溶功能检测有助于判断颅脑损伤的伤情,改善患者预后。     

凝血及纤溶功能联合检测在妊娠高血压综合征患者中的临床价值

目的：探讨凝血及纤溶功能联合检测在妊娠高血压综合征（以下简称妊高征）患者诊断、治疗和预防中的临床意义。方法选取足月健康孕妇58例（正常妊娠组）,妊高征患者62例（妊高征组）,健康体检人群60例作为健康对照组。在东亚 Sys-mex CS5100全自动血凝分析仪进行血浆凝血酶原时间（PT ）、部分活化凝血酶原时间（APPT ）、凝血酶时间（TT ）、纤维蛋白原（FIB）等凝血指标和 D 二聚体、纤维蛋白降解产物（FDP）等纤溶指标的检测。结果与正常妊娠组及健康对照组比较,妊高征组患者血浆 PT 、APTT 、TT 明显缩短,FIB 、D 二聚体和 FDP 升高,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。正常妊娠组孕妇血浆凝血及纤溶指标与健康对照组比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。结论血浆凝血因子和纤溶指标 D 二聚体、FDP 水平变化与妊高征密切相关,凝血与纤溶指标同时监测对于妊高征的及时发现、治疗和预防有重要的临床价值。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.