β2肾上腺素受体基因、α上皮细胞钠通道基因和G蛋白β3亚基基因联合变异与维吾尔族人群高血压的关系

目的:探索β2肾上腺素受体(ADRB2)基因G1023A,α上皮细胞钠通道(ENaC)基因G2139A和G蛋白β3亚基(GNB3)基因C825T多态性与新疆维吾尔族人群原发性高血压的关系.方法:采用人群为基础的病例对照研究,高血压组269例,正常血压组229例.用聚合酶链反应-限制性片断长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)的方法检测ADRB2基因G1023A基因型、ENaC基因G2139A基因型和GNB3基因C825T基因型,分析其与与维尔族人群高血压的关系.结果:高血压组和正常血压组的ADRB2基因型分布分别为GG:0.202、0.147;AG:0.266、0.339;AA:0.532、0.513,差异无统计学意义(P=0.119).高血压组和血压正常组的ENaC基因型分布分别为GG:0.249、0.266;AG:0.472、0.476:AA:0.281、0.260,差异无统计学意义(P=0.840);高血压组和血压正常组的GNB3基因型分布分别为CC:0.346、0.293:CT:0.394、0.437;TT:0.260、0.271,差异无统计学意义(P=0.418).用logistic回归模型校正年龄、性别、吸烟、体重指数、腰围、臀围、血糖、甘油三酯、总胆固醇及胆红素之后,亦未发现三个位点与原发性高血压有关.进一步分析未发现三个位点对维吾尔族高血压的发病有交互作用(P=0.080).结论:在新疆维吾尔人群中,未发现ADRB2基因G1023A、ENaC基因和GNB3基因多态性单独或联合作用在高血压发病中起作用.     

G蛋白β3亚单位C825T等位基因多态性与原发性高血压的关系

目的 探讨温州地区汉族人群G蛋白β3亚单位(GNB3)C825T等位基因多态性与原发性高血压的相关性.方法 原发性高血压患者109例,正常对照组378例,聚合酶链反应(PCR)/酶解-琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测基因型.结果 (1)温州地区汉族人群GNB3 825T等位基因频率为43.5%,与其他人种的该基因频率显著不同.(2)原发性高血压组的TT基因型携带率明显升高(P＜0.01),TT基因型携带者与CT型携带者比较,其致高血压的比数比(OR值)为2.5(P＜0.01);TT型与CC型比,其OR值为2.4(P＜0.01);等位基因T与C比较,致高血压的OR值为1.5(P＜0.05).(3)GNB3不同基因型间的血压水平比较,收缩压CT和TT携带者与CC携带者比较均增高(P＜0.05和P＜0.01),TT携带者与CT携带者比较亦有升高(P＜0.01),舒张压TT携带者比CC携带者增高(P＜0.05),而CT携带者与CC携带者比较差异无显著性(P＞0.05),TT携带者与CT携带者比较,收缩压和舒张压均增高(P＜0.01和P＜0.05).结论 GNB3 825T基因型可作为早期预测原发性高血压的遗传学指标之一.     

早发冠心病患者的G蛋白β3亚单位基因多态性分析

目的: 探讨G蛋白β3亚单位(GNB3)基因C825T多态性在早发冠心病患者中的分布情况及特点,分析其与疾病的关系.方法: 采用聚合酶链反应和限制性片段内切酶的方法检测了342例经冠状动脉造影证实的早发冠心病患者(冠心病组,男性275例,年龄<55岁;女性67例,年龄<65岁)及133例经冠状动脉造影排除冠心病者(对照组)的GNB3基因C825T多态性.结果: GNB3基因C825T多态性在两组人群中的分布有显著性差异,冠心病组T等位基因和TT基因型频率显著高于对照组(P<0.05～0.01),C等位基因和CT、CC基因型频率两组比较均无显著性差异(P>0.05).逻辑回归分析结果显示:在调整了其他危险因素后,825T等位基因携带者和具有825TT基因型者早发冠心病的相对危险度增加(825T等位基因携带:相对危险度=1.8,95%可信区间为1.117～3.040,P=0.017;825TT基因型:相对危险度=2.4,95%可信区间为1.312～4.254,P=0.004),C等位基因和CC、CT基因型频率与早发冠心病的关系没有统计学意义(P>0.05). 结论: GNB3基因C825T多态性的825T等位基因和TT基因型可能是冠心病早期发病的遗传因素之一.     

G蛋白β3亚单位基因825C/T多态性与中国人群原发性高血压相关性的Meta分析

目的系统评价G蛋白β3亚单位(GNB3)基因825C/T多态性与中国人群原发性高血压(EH)发病风险的关系。方法由两名评价者独立检索PubMed、EMbase、CNKI、CBM和WanFang数据库,收集探讨GNB3基因825C/T多态性与中国人EH相关性的病例-对照研究,检索时限均为建库至2013年9月30日。文献筛选及资料提取后,对纳入文献按NOS进行质量评价,然后采用Stata12.0软件行Meta分析。结果最终纳入30个病例-对照研究,包括EH患者5054例,对照人群5565例。Meta分析结果显示,与对照组相比,GNB3基因825C/T多态性与中国人EH发病风险间无统计学差异[TT vs.CC:(OR=1.13,95%CI:0.89~1.43,P=0.33);TT vs.CT+CC:(OR=1.04,95%CI:0.86~1.26,P=0.70);CT vs.CC:(OR=1.08,95%CI:0.98~1.19,P=0.11);TT+CT vs.CC:(OR=1.11,95%CI:0.96~1.29,P=0.15);T vs.C:(OR=1.06,95%CI:0.95~1.20,P=0.30)]。结论当前证据表明中国人群GNB3基因825C/T多态性与EH发病无关。     

内脏脂肪素基因多态性与宁夏回、汉族2型糖尿病患者的相关性研究

目的 探讨内脏脂肪素基因启动子区-1535 C/T基因多态性与宁夏回、汉族T2DM的相关性. 方法 用PCR-RFLP方法检测210例宁夏回、汉族T2DM患者(T2DM组)及207名健康对照者(NC组)内脏脂肪素启动子区-1535 C/T位点多态性. 结果 两组间及两组内回、汉族内脏脂肪素基因启动子区-1535 C/T基因多态性位点CC、CT、TT3种基因型和等位基因频率差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).回族T2DM组TT基因型HDL-C低于CT、CC基因型(P=0.007),汉族T2DM组TT基因型TG较CC、CT基因型高(P=0.026). 结论 内脏脂肪素基因启动子区-1535 C/T位点存在多态性,两组间回、汉族差异无统计学意义;TT基因型可能与T2DM患者血脂异常有关.     

高血压病患者G蛋白β3基因C825T和eNOS基因G894T多态性研究

目的　观察高血压病 (EH)患者G蛋白 β3亚单位基因 (GNB3)C82 5T多态性和内皮一氧化氮合酶 (eNOS)基因G894T多态性 ,探讨EH发生的遗传学机制。方法　EH患者 112例 ,对照组 112例。取血标本提取DNA ,用PCR方法扩增目的基因 ,用限制性内切酶 (BanⅡ、BseDI)酶切PCR产物用于基因分型。结果　EH患者GNB3C82 5T基因型分布 (基因型频率CC =0 34,CT =0 5 3 ,TT =0 13)与对照组有显著性差异 (基因型频率CC =0 5 9,CT =0 36 ,TT =0 0 5。χ2 =6 9,P <0 0 5 ) ;82 5T等位基因携带者与CC纯合子比较有较高的患EH的危险 (OR =2 2 ,95 %CI1 1～ 4 6 )。eNOS各基因型在EH的分布与对照组无显著性差异。Logistic回归分析显示 ,GNB3 82 5T等位基因与EH关联最密切。结论GNB3基因C82 5T多态性的 82 5T等位基因是EH发病的遗传危险因子。eNOS基因G894T多态性在EH发病中不起直接重要作用。     

乙型肝炎肝硬化肝气郁结证与5-HTTLPR重复序列、TPH A218C、GNB3 C825T基因多态性相关性分析

目的:通过分子生物学检测,分析乙型肝炎肝硬化肝气郁结证与候选基因多态性的关联。方法:将96例乙型肝炎肝硬化患者辨证分为肝气郁结证组20例、兼肝气郁结证组24例和非肝气郁结证组52例,筛选与人体情绪调节相关的基因位点五羟色胺转运体启动子区(5-HTTLPR)重复序列、色氨酸羟化酶(TPH)A218C、G蛋白β3亚单位(GNB3)C825T位点,观察其基因多态性与肝气郁结证的相关性,为肝气郁结证的基因特征研究提供依据。结果:5-HTTLPR的S等位基因或L等位基因在各组间分布差异均无显著性意义(P0.05),TPH A218C中肝气郁结证组患者CC基因型占45.00%(9/20)、C等位基因频率占67.50%(27/40),明显高于非肝气郁结证组的14.0%(7/50)和43.00%(43/100),差异有显著性意义(P0.05或0.01),而GNB3 C825T中的CC基因型和C等位基因在肝气郁结证组患者中的出现频率分别为15.00%(3/20)、42.50%(17/40),明显低于非肝气郁结证组的44.00%(22/50)和66.00%(66/100),差异有显著性意义(P0.05)。结论:TPHA218C的CC基因型、C等位基因及GNB3 C825T T等位基因可能是乙型肝炎肝硬化肝气郁结证的易感基因,TPH A218C的A等位基因及GNB3C825T的CC基因型、C等位基因可能是其保护基因;5-HTTLPR基因多态性与该证的发生可能无相关性。     

新疆哈萨克族高血压患者内皮型一氧化氮合酶基因G894T多态性研究

目的探讨哈萨克族人群内皮型一氧化氮合酶(eNOS)基因多态性与原发性高血压关联性.方法应用聚合酶链反应、限制性内切酶方法检测了新疆巴里坤县203例哈萨克族高血压病患者和190例正常人群eNOS基因G894T多态性.结果哈萨克族正常人群及高血压患者的eNOS基因G894T多态GG、GT、TT基因型频率分布分别为0.74,0.24,0.02和0.81,0.18,0.01,G和T等位基因分布频率分别为0.86,0.14和0.90,0.10,符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡.群体相关分析结果表明eNOS基因的G及T等位基因分布在高血压病组(EH)及正常血压组(NT)差异无显著性(χ2=3.580,P=0.058);基因型频率之间差异无显著性(χ2=4.037,P=0.133).然而男性EH组G等位基因频率(0.90)高于NT组(0.86);T等位基因频率(0.06)低于NT组(0.14).结论 eNOS基因G894T多态性可能与新疆巴里坤哈萨克族男性高血压有关.     

新疆哈萨克族原发性高血压患者内皮型一氧化氮合酶基因G894T多态性研究

目的探讨哈萨克族人群内皮型一氧化氮合酶(eNOS)基因多态性与原发性高血压关联性.方法应用聚合酶链反应、限制性内切酶方法检测了新疆巴里坤县203例哈萨克族高血压病患者和190例正常人群eNOS基因G894T多态性.结果哈萨克族正常人群及高血压患者的eNOS基因G894T多态GG、GT、TT基因型频率分布分别为0.74,0.24,0.02和0.81,0.18,0.01,G和T等位基因分布频率分别为0.86,0.14和0.90,0.10,符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡.群体相关分析结果表明eNOS基因的G及T等位基因分布在高血压病组(EH)及正常血压组(NT)差异无显著性(x2=3.580,P=0.058);基因型频率之间差异无显著性(x2=4.073,P=0.133).然而男性EH组G等位基因频率(0.90)高于NT组(0.86);T等位基因频率(0.06)低于NT组(0.14).结论eNOS基因G894T多态性可能与新疆巴里坤哈萨克族男性高血压有关.     

湖南汉族人群脂联素基因多态性分布及其与动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死和相关危险因素的关系

目的探讨脂联素基因45T/G和276G/T多态位点在湖南地区汉族人群中的分布及其与动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死和相关危险因素的关系。方法收集163例正常对照者和161例动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死患者的血标本,聚合酶链反应限制片长多态性分析法检测脂联素基因45T/G和276G/T多态性在动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死组和正常对照组的基因频率,同时检测研究对象的血脂和血压水平。结果中国湖南地区汉族人群脂联素基因45T/G和276G/T位点等位基因频率分别是0.783/0.217和0.697/0.303。脂联素基因45T/G多态位点等位基因和基因型分布频率两组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死组脂联素基因276G/T多态位点TT基因型频率和T等位基因频率明显高于对照组(P<0.05),且TT基因型亚组甘油三酯水平较GG基因型亚组显著升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论脂联素基因45T/G多态性可能与中国湖南汉族人群动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死的发生无关;276G/T多态性可能参与中国湖南汉族人群动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死的发生,且可能影响血脂水平,276TT型者可能具有较高水平的甘油三酯。     

48 Polymorphisms In α‐Adducin (G460w) and G‐Protein β‐3 Subunit (C825t) Genes In Essential Hypertension

Objectives Essential hypertension (EH) has a multifactorial origin and is thought to arise from an interaction between susceptibility genes and environmental factors. A number of candidate genes have been proposed. In our study, the role of polymorphisms in α‐adducin (ADD1) and G‐protein β‐3 subunit (GNB3) genes in EH was investigated. Design and Methods Ninety‐three children and young adults, aged from 4 to 27 years, with both parents, were included in our study, giving 93 nuclear families. Two polymorphisms were detected using the polymerase chain reaction technique (PCR). Investigating the C825T polymorphism of GNB3 the C allele was identified by the presence of 152 and 116 bp signals and the T allele was present when a non‐digested 268 bp long band was detected. The allele‐specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to study the G460W polymorphism of ADD1. For statistical analysis the transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) was used. By using non‐transmitted alleles as the control population, problems of population admixture and mismatched controls are avoided. Results The following genotype frequencies for G460W polymorphism in ADD1gene were observed: 67 (72.0%) were GG homozygotes, 23 (24.7%) were GW heterozygotes and 3 (3.3%) were WW homozygotes. Using the TDT test, 44 nuclear families were used. There were 63 transmitted G alleles, 25 transmitted W alleles, 60 non‐transmitted G alleles and 28 non‐transmitted W alleles. The observed difference was not statistically significant (χ² = 0.24, P = 0.62).The following genotype frequencies for the C825T polymorphism in GNB3 gene were found: 50 (53.8%) were CC homozygotes, 35 (37.6%) were CT heterozygotes and 8 (8.6%) were TT homozygotes. 73 nuclear families were used. There were 95 transmitted C alleles, 51 transmitted T alleles, 84 non‐transmitted C alleles and 62 non‐transmitted T alleles. The observed difference again was not statistically significant (χ² = 1.75, P = 0.19). Conclusions Our study found no association of the polymorphisms in ADD1 and GNB3 genes with EH, respectively. However, our sample size was rather small. It seems very likely that many genes with small effects (such as the gene variants above) account for the heritability of EH.     

亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶基因多态性与原发性高血压伴周围动脉闭塞性疾病的易感性

目的　探讨北京万寿路社区老年人群亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶 (methylenetetrahydrofolatereductase ,MTHFR)基因多态性与原发性高血压 (essentialhypertension ,EH)及EH伴周围动脉闭塞性疾病 (peripheralarterialocclusivedisease ,PAOD)的易感性。方法　用聚合酶链反应 限制性片段长度多态性技术 ,检测了 10 0例健康老年人 (NC组 )、10 0例老年EH(EH组 )及 5 9例老年EH伴PAOD患者 (EH PAOD组 )的MTHFR基因多态性。结果　MTHFR等位基因呈多态性。NC组 3种基因型频率为 :CC ,31.0 % ;CT ,5 0 .0 % ;TT ,19.0 %。EH组分别为 :CC ,2 9.0 % ;CT ,4 5 .0 % ;TT ,2 6 .0 %。EH PAOD组分别为 :CC ,15 .9% ;CT ,35 .5 % ;TT ,4 8.6 %。 3组MTHFR基因的C6 77T单核苷酸突变中T突变位点的频率分别为 4 4 .0 %、4 8.5 %、6 4 .4 %。EH PAOD组与NC组、EH PAOD组与EH组比较TT基因型频率和T等位基因频率均呈显著性差异。结论　MTHFR基因C6 77T单核苷酸突变是老年EH伴PAOD的危险因素之一 ,但可能与老年EH无关。     

原发性高血压患者中G蛋白β3亚单位基因C825T多态性与复方缬沙坦降压疗效的相关性

目的:探讨原发性高血压(EH)患者中G蛋白β3亚单位基因C825T多态性与EH发生,及复方缬沙坦降压疗效的相关性。方法:80例EH患者(EH组)给予复方缬沙坦1粒/d,治疗4周后,观察其降压疗效。应用直接测序方法对EH组患者和40名健康者(对照组)G蛋白β3亚单位基因C825T作基因分型。结果:EH组中CC和CT+TT基因型频率分别为31.25%和68.75%,对照组中分别为52.50%和47.50%,2组间CT+TT基因型频率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。EH组中C和T等位基因频率分别为41.88%和58.12%,对照组中分别为57.50%和42.50%,2组间T等位基因频率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。EH组患者中,复方缬沙坦对携带T等位基因者血压的下降幅度与携带C等位基因者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:G蛋白β3亚单位基因C825T多态性与EH发病有关,携带T等位基因者可能是缬沙坦降压疗效的新的预测因子。     

间隙性连接蛋白37基因1019C/T多态性与原发性高血压的关系

目的 研究无锡地区人群中间隙性连接蛋白37 （connexin 37,CX 37）基因1019C/T多态性与原发性高血压的相关性.方法 入选在无锡市人民医院初次诊断为原发性高血压的患者1 126例,874名健康体检者作为正常对照组,均采用基因测序技术对CX37基因1019多态性位点基因型进行检测,比较两组人群中基因型及等位基因分布差异.结果 （1）两组人群中均存在CX 37基因1019C/T多态性,基因型分布均符合Hardy-Weinberg遗传平衡定律.（2）原发性高血压组与正常对照组相比,C等位基因分布频率升高（57.37％vs.42.05％,P＜0.01）.C等位基因携带者（CC＋TC）在原发性高血压组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（80.46％ vs.66.70％,P＜0.01）.与Tr纯合子相比,（CC＋TC）基因型原发性高血压患病风险增加（OR=2.06,95％ CI：1.68～2.52）.对性别进行亚组分析显示：无论男性还是女性人群中原发性高血压组C等位基因携带者频率均显著高于正常对照组（男性：79.19％vs.69.05％,P＜0.01;女性：81.75％ vs.64.40％,P＜0.01）,C等位基因携带者原发性高血压患病风险明显高于TT型（男性：OR=1.71,95％CI：1.28～2.27;女性：OR=2.48,95％ CI：1.85～3.31）.结论 CX37 C等位基因可能与老年原发性高血压相关.     

Interaction between GNB3 C825T and ACE I/D polymorphisms in essential hypertension in Koreans

Essential hypertension (EH) is considered a typical polygenic disease, so the evaluation of gene-gene interactions rather than the determination of single gene effects is crucial to understanding any genetic influences. The G-protein beta3-subunit (GNB3) 825T allele, associated with enhanced G-protein signalling, is a strong candidate for interactions with polymorphisms, such as insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) gene. We investigated whether there is an association between GNB3 C825T and ACE I/D polymorphisms for the development of EH. We carried out a case-control study of 688 hypertensive and 924 normotensive subjects recruited from South Korea. The GNB3 C825T and ACE I/D genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism methods, respectively. The distributions of alleles and genotypes for the GNB3 C825T and ACE I/D polymorphisms were not found to be significantly associated with hypertensive status in either males or females. Logistic regression analysis indicated that the GNB3 825T allele carriers were positively associated with EH in males (odds ratio (OR) for TT/CT, 1.459; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.048-2.033, P=0.0255). In analysis of gene-gene interaction, we found that there was a significant interaction between the GNB3 825T and ACE D alleles (P<0.05). OR for EH was significantly higher in 825T allele carriers with ACE D allele (OR, 1.490; 95% CI, 1.117-1.987, P=0.0067). A significant interaction between the GNB3 825T and the ACE D alleles may contribute to the predisposing effect for the development of EH in Koreans.     

代谢综合征患者过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体δ+294T/C基因多态性与血脂、肥胖和左室肥厚的关系

目的探讨代谢综合征(MS)患者过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体δ(PPARδ)+294T/C基因多态性与血脂、肥胖和左室肥厚的关系。方法检测300例MS、174例高血压病(EH)和143例2型糖尿病(DM)患者的体重指数(BMI)、腰围、血压、血脂、空腹血糖(FBG)和空腹血浆胰岛素(FINS)。MS诊断根据1999年WHO亚太诊断标准,其中389例患者行超声心动图检测心脏结构改变,应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性方法测定PPARδ+294T/C基因多态性。结果PPARδ+294T/C基因多态性各基因型频率分布组间比较差异无统计学意义。MS组血浆总胆固醇、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平和BMI明显高于DM组。MS组和EH组的左室重量(LVM)、左室重量指数(LVMI)和左室肥厚罹患率均明显高于DM组。MS组CC型血浆总胆固醇和LDL-C水平明显高于TT型和TC型[总胆固醇:CC型(6.13±1.86)mmol/L比TC型(5.14±1.10)mmol/L或TT型(4.99±1.42mmol/L),P<0.05或P<0.01;LDL-C:CC型(3.82±1.52)mmol/L比TC型(3.14±0.88)mmol/L或TT型(2.90±0.87)mmol/L,P<0.05或P<0.01]。分析PPARδ各基因型与LVMI和BMI的关系,发现MS组C等位基因携带者(CC+TC)LVMI和BMI明显高于TT型[LVMI:CC+TC(46±10)g/m2.7比TT(44±10)g/m2.7;BMI:CC+TC(26±3)kg/m2比TT(25±3)kg/m2,P<0·05]。结论MS患者PPARδ+294T/C基因多态性与肥胖和脂质紊乱关系密切,C等位基因携带者较TT基因型患者左室重构明显。     

Association between a polymorphism in the G protein beta3 subunit gene (GNB3) with arterial hypertension but not with myocardial infarction

OBJECTIVE: A polymorphism at position 825(C-->T) of the G protein beta3 (GNB3) gene was found to be associated with enhanced transmembrane signalling as well as with an increased prevalence of arterial hypertension. The aim of the present study was to further investigate the association of the GNB3 C825T allele status with arterial hypertension in a large population-based sample and its association with specific end organ damage, i.e. myocardial infarction (MI). METHODS: Individuals from a population-based sample (n=2052) and patients suffering from premature MI (age at first MI < or = 60 years, n = 606) were studied by questionnaire as well as by physical examination and biochemical analyses. RESULTS: In the population-based sample, the prevalence of arterial hypertension (blood pressure > or = 160/95 mmHg and/or antihypertensive medication) was higher in individuals with the TT genotype (41.8%) as compared to heterozygote individuals (36.6%) or those with the CC genotype (32.75%) (P = 0.02). This association was predominantly found in men. Moreover, men without antihypertensive medication carrying the TT genotype showed higher diastolic blood pressure than those carrying the CC genotype (86.5 vs. 83.7 mmHg, P = 0.04). However, the genotype distribution and the allele frequencies were similar in both, the population-based and the MI patient sample. Furthermore, neither the age at the time of MI nor the location of the MI were related to the genotype distribution. Similarly, gender and age stratified analyses did not show any association of the GNB3 genotype and MI. CONCLUSIONS: In male individuals from a large population-based sample, the T allele of the GNB3 polymorphism was associated with arterial hypertension. However, the effects of the GNB3 825T allele on blood pressure were small and did not translate to a clinically relevant increase of risk for MI.     

缺血性脑卒中患者G蛋白β3亚单位基因C825T多态性及相关危险因素的研究

目的　观察缺血性脑卒中患者G蛋白 β 3亚单位基因 (GNB3)C82 5T多态性和相关危险因素 ,探讨遗传和环境相互作用在缺血性脑卒中发病机制中的作用。方法　急性缺血性脑卒中患者 72例 ,并按性别、年龄配对设对照组。用聚合酶链反应 (PCR)方法扩增目的基因 ,用限制性内切酶 (BseDI)酶切PCR产物用于基因分型 ,同时观察血压、体重指数、饮酒、膳食、性格等。结果　脑卒中组GNB3C82 5T基因型分布 (基因型频率CC =0 .32 ,CT =0 .5 8,TT=0 .10 )与对照组比较 ,差异有显著性意义 (基因型频率CC =0 .6 5 ,CT =0 .32 ,TT =0 .0 3;χ2 =14 .6 ,P <0 .0 1) ,但在脑卒中患者中有或无原发性高血压亚组之间基因型分布无差异。logistic回归分析显示 ,与脑卒中发病有关联的是收缩压 (SBP)、GNB382 5T等位基因、饮酒和空腹血糖 (FPG)升高。结论　SBP、FPG增高、饮酒和GNB3C82 5T多态性的T等位基因可能是缺血性脑卒中发病的危险因素 ,GNB382 5T等位基因对脑卒中的影响不依赖于血压、饮酒等其他危险因素 ,可能是缺血性脑卒中的独立危险因子。     

825T allele of the G-protein beta3 subunit gene (GNB3) is associated with impaired left ventricular diastolic filling in essential hypertension.

OBJECTIVE: Recently, a novel C825T polymorphism in the gene (GNB3) encoding for the G-protein beta3 subunit was identified. The 825T allele is associated with the generation of a novel splice variant, enhanced intracellular signal transduction, and arterial hypertension. In this study, we investigated the impact of the 825T allele on left ventricular structure and function in mild to moderate essential hypertensive subjects. METHODS: In 34 white patients with established mild to moderate essential hypertension (World Health Organization stage I or II, mean age 52 +/- 9 years) genotype analysis of GNB3 C825T polymorphism, insertion/deletion polymorphism of the ACE gene and 1166 A/C polymorphism of the AT1 receptor gene was performed. In each patient, 24 h ambulatory blood pressure measurement (SpaceLabs 90207) and two-dimensional guided M-mode echocardiography combined with Doppler sonography were performed. RESULTS: In our homogenous study group, the GNB3 825T allele was not associated with casual and 24 h ambulatory blood pressure (CC versus TC/TT: 144 +/- 13/92 +/- 8 versus 151 +/- 14/97 +/- 7 and 143 +/- 11/92 +/- 7 versus 150 +/- 16/ 96 +/- 9 mmHg, respectively) or parameters of left ventricular structure (relative wall thickness: CC versus TC/TT, 0.48 +/- 0.1 versus 0.46 +/- 0.1; left ventricular mass: CC versus TC/TT, 281 +/- 65 versus 299 +/- 80 g). However, transmitral flow variables reflecting left ventricular diastolic filling were impaired in patients expressing the TC/TT genotype (ratio of peak late (A) to early (E) velocities: CC versus TC/TT, 0.95 +/- 0.24 versus 1.2 +/- 0.26, P< 0.02; velocity time integrals A/E: CC versus TC/TT, 0.57 +/- 0.16 versus 0.76 +/- 0.23, P< 0.01) while all co-variables such as age, body mass index, ambulatory blood pressure, heart rate and end-diastolic volume were similar between the two groups. If patients were stratified according to the I/D polymorphism of the ACE gene and the A1166C polymorphism of the AT1 receptor gene, no differences in blood pressure, left ventricular structure or systolic and diastolic function of the left ventricle were found between different genotypes. CONCLUSION: The GNB3 825T allele was associated with impaired left ventricular diastolic filling in hypertensive subjects in this study. Since alterations in left ventricular filling have been identified as an early marker of hypertensive heart disease, the GNB3 C825T polymorphism may influence cardiac adaptation to increased afterload.