Axillo-femoral bypass steal due to subclavian artery stenosis

Subclavian artery stenosis can cause a flow reversal—so-called steal—not only in the ipsilateral vertebral artery, but also in the internal mammary artery in patients with a history of coronary-artery bypass grafting. Subclavian artery stenosis is also associated with peripheral artery disease elsewhere. We report a novel finding of axillo-femoral bypass steal due to subclavian artery stenosis identified by vascular ultrasonography.     

Coronary arterial stenosis and subclavian steal in Takayasu's arteritis

This report describes a young boy with previous myocardial infarction and hypertension. Demonstration of coronary arterial ostial stenosis and a variant of subclavian steal was documented by selective arteriography. Surgical resolution of the most important stenosis is descending aorta, permitted effective control of hypertension. It is considered that one could reach this arteritis through different etiologies, tuberculosis having a preponderant place, and that it is important in all cases to carry out coronary arteriography.     

锁骨下动脉盗血综合征患者的经颅多普勒超声分析

目的 分析锁骨下动脉盗血综合征（SSS）中颅内椎动脉盗血程度与锁骨下动脉（SA）狭窄程度、椎-基底动脉供血不足（VBI）的关系,并探讨束臂试验与SA远端血流频谱检测的意义.方法 对32例SSS患者行经颅多普勒超声（TCD）检查,按SA收缩峰血流速度,将患者分为轻中度狭窄组（18例）、重度狭窄组（11例）和闭塞组（3例）,分别比较不同盗血程度与血管狭窄程度及VBI的关系.结果 轻中度狭窄组椎动脉无盗血和Ⅰ度盗血的比例为17/18,显著高于重度狭窄组的4/11（P＜0.05）,Ⅱ度、Ⅲ度盗血的比例为1/18,显著低于重度狭窄组的7/11（P＜0.05）;重度狭窄组Ⅲ度盗血的比例为1/11,显著低于闭塞组的3/3（P＜0.05）.无盗血、Ⅰ度、Ⅱ度和Ⅲ度盗血中,VBI所占的比例分别为4/9、6/12、3/7和2/4.32例患者束臂试验均为阳性.结论 颅内椎动脉盗血程度可间接反映SA的狭窄程度,与VBI可能无关.束臂试验和探测SA远端血流频谱有助于明确诊断.     

Transesophageal echocardiographic identification of left subclavian artery stenosis with steal phenomenon

In this report, we present the first case of the transesophageal echocardiographic identification of left subclavian artery stenosis and steal phenomenon.     

Iatrogenic subclavian steal syndrome

New complications are resulting from percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) and stent deployment. A 43-year-old female, admitted with weakness in the right arm, was diagnosed with right subclavian stenosis. Following PTA and a Palmaz stent deployment, her condition worsened, and symptoms spread. A corrective surgical procedure found the Palmaz stent to be almost completely compressed. The stent and plaques were carefully extracted. The etiology of compressed stent was probably due to an insufficient radial force or Hoop strength of stent. If an occlusion of the subclavian artery occurs at the segment proximal to the orifices of vertebral artery and internal mammary artery, a vertebral-subclavian steal syndrome may occur. This can be diagnosed in patients manifesting symptoms that include vertebral-basilar arterial insufficiency and a difference in brachial systolic blood pressure of at least 30 mm Hg between the two arms, with a bruit at the base of the neck or in the supraclavicular area.     

Coronary subclavian steal syndrome

Coronary subclavian steal syndrome arises when a stenosis of the subclavian artery results in reduced antegrade or retrograde flow in an internal mammary artery with resultant coronary ischemia.……     

Concomitant coronary and subclavian steal caused by ipsilateral subclavian artery stenosis and arteriovenous fistula in a hemodialysis patient.

Patients with chronic renal failure, because of concomitant conventional cardiovascular and uremia-associated risk factors, are at risk of developing diffuse and accelerated atherosclerosis involving both the coronary and peripheral territories. We report an end-stage renal failure patient with a history of coronary artery bypass surgery who developed both angina and dizziness during hemodialysis via a left forearm arteriovenous fistula. Magnetic resonance imaging diagnosed the presence of significant subclavian artery stenosis. The patient then underwent successful percutaneous stenting of the left subclavian artery. His angina and dizziness symptoms resolved subsequently.     

Magnetic resonance angiography in subclavian steal syndrome

A case is reported of a patient with the subclavian steal syndrome in whom the reversed blood flow of the vertebral artery was shown by phase encoded magnetic resonance angiography.     

Evaluation of coronary subclavian steal syndrome using sestamibi imaging and duplex scanning with observed vertebral subclavian steal

Coronary subclavian steal is defined as retrograde blood flow from the myocardium through the internal mammary artery graft, secondary to a proximal subclavian artery stenosis. The incidence of this syndrome in patients undergoing internal mammary artery grafts for coronary artery bypass is estimated to be 0.44%. Angiography remains the definitive diagnostic test for confirming this condition. We describe a noninvasive method for evaluating coronary subclavian steal syndrome in a 57-year-old man, with a 50-55% subclavian stenosis confirmed by angiography. Noninvasive evaluation using duplex scanning demonstrated normal vertebral artery blood flow. Technetium 99m-sestamibi (99mTc) imaging confirmed a fixed anterolateral defect. When left-arm isometric exercise was employed, retrograde vertebral artery blood flow was observed by Doppler imaging. A repeat 99mTc-sestamibi study documented an increase in tracer distribution in the anterolateral defect confirming reperfusion of the myocardium through the left internal mammary artery graft. The use of duplex scanning and 99mTc-sestamibi may serve as an adjunct in evaluating coronary subclavian steal syndrome as well as documenting transient vertebral subclavian steal in this patient population.     

Endovascular repair of symptomatic coronary-subclavian steal syndrome due to stenosis of the proximal left subclavian artery

We report a patient with left subclavian artery stenosis in whom the internal thoracic artery (ITA) had been used as a coronary bypass. She presented with symptomatic myocardial and brain ischemia resulting from coronary-subclavian steal syndrome and was successfully treated with angioplasty and stenting.     

Percutaneous treatment of coronary subclavian steal syndrome

Coronary subclavian steal syndrome arises when a stenosis of the subclavian artery results in reduced antegrade or retrograde flow in an internal mammary artery with resultant coronary ischemia. This occurs in patients who have previously undergone surgical coronary revascularization utilizing an internal mammary artery graft. This syndrome can be successfully treated percutaneously with excellent immediate and long-term results.