AIS患者主侧凸及总体侧凸向量对躯干冠状面平衡的影响

目的探究青少年特发性脊柱侧凸（AIS）患者主侧凸向量、总体侧凸向量对手术前后躯干冠状面平衡(CTB)的影响。方法回顾性分析22例采用后路椎弓根钉-棒系统矫形治疗的AIS患者的临床资料。所有患者术前、术后均摄站立位脊柱全长正侧位X片,术前拍摄仰卧位左右Bending像。引入物理中表示大小和方向的向量概念,对术前和术后末次随访时冠状面C7铅垂线（C7PL）相对于骶骨中垂线(CSVL)的偏移情况、冠状面各个侧凸的向量等参数进行统计分析。结果术前C7PL-CSVL向量与术前主侧凸向量相关性有统计学意义（r=0.447,P<0.05）,术前C7PL-CSVL向量与术前所有侧凸向量之和的相关性有统计学意义（r=0.510,P<0.01）。主侧凸校正量与C7PL-CSVL变化量的相关性无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,主侧凸校正率与C7PL-CSVL变化率的相关性无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。C7PL-CSVL大小与主侧凸cobb角大小、所有侧凸cobb角大小之和的相关性无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论干预（支具、手术）AIS患者可能出现的躯干冠状面失平衡的重点应该是防止躯干整体向主侧凸和总体侧凸的凸出方向偏移。手术前后AIS患者侧凸cobb角与CTB无直接关系。     

应用多层螺旋CT曲面重建技术评价特发性脊柱侧凸柔韧度

目的 探讨应用多层螺旋CT曲面重建(CPR)技术评价特发性脊柱侧凸的冠状面和矢状面,提出特发性脊柱侧凸柔韧度评价的新方法,确立侧凸脊柱卧位的冠状面和矢状面特征.方法 45例10～18岁特发性脊柱侧凸青少年女孩进行了术前多层螺旋CT脊柱扫描.采用曲面重建技术分别对脊柱进行了冠状面和矢状面的重建,测量了主弯、代偿弯的Cobb角等各项数值,并与患者X线影像结果进行了比较分析.结果 侧凸曲面重建后,冠状面主弯曲面重建(CPR)图像的Cobb角较主弯X线站立位像Cobb角平均小10.17°,冠状面代偿弯CPR的Cobb角较代偿弯X线站立位像Cobb角平均小6.97°.对于侧凸冠状面柔韧度的评价,Fulcrum像方法提供了最大的术前矫正程度.对于主胸弯组和主腰/胸腰弯组的对比没有发现,10～14岁年龄组和15～18岁年龄组间仅术后Cobb角有差别.对于手术矫形率和柔韧度,主胸弯组和主腰/胸腰弯组Bending像两组的柔韧度有差异.不同年龄组比较发现手术矫形率、主弯柔韧度和代偿弯的柔韧度两组比较,10～14岁柔韧度较大.矢状面上,主胸弯组和主腰/胸腰弯组CPR胸后凸(T5～T12)角和CPR上胸弯(T1～T5)角两组之间比较,主胸弯的胸后凸角度较小.按年龄分组中,CPR胸后凸(T5～T12)Cobb角两组之间有差异,10～14岁组的胸后凸Cobb角度较小.相关分析示CPR主弯的柔韧度、Bending像的柔韧度和手术矫形率相关.结论 AIS主弯的卧位CPR柔韧度、Bending像柔韧度和侧凸的手术矫形率呈正相关.10～14岁AIS患者矢状面胸后凸较15～18岁患者减小,主胸弯AIS患者矢状面的胸后凸和上胸弯较主腰/胸腰弯AIS患者减小.脊柱侧凸CT下曲面重建对侧凸类型的诊断和侧凸三维的分析很有帮助,可以在1次扫描后获得对侧凸三维等多方面的评价.     

Chiari畸形合并脊柱侧凸患者的胸椎后凸与椎体旋转有关

目的 本文拟通过分析冠状面弯度匹配而矢状面TK存在较大差异的AIS患者和Chiari畸形合并脊柱侧凸患者,来研究Chiari畸形合并脊柱侧凸患者胸椎后凸与椎体旋转的相关性。方法 回顾性分析2017年7月至2019年7月于南京鼓楼医院行EOS影像摄片的患者。根据主胸弯Cobb角、顶椎节段等进行配对,其中AIS组选取TK减小者入组,而Chiari组则选取存在明显TK的患者入组;现共12对冠状面弯度匹配而胸椎后凸不同的AIS及chiari患者被纳入研究。分别对其摄EOS全身影像并进行三维重建,在EOS三维重建影像上得到每个椎体的旋转角度及胸椎后凸角,并计算主胸弯平均椎体旋转(MTR)。通过相关系数分析来比较正常AIS组和Chiari组患者的影像学参数差异情况。结果 共有24名患者(12对)纳入本次研究。其中AIS组男4例,女8例,Chiari组男5例,女7例;平均年龄分别为：(15.29 VS 21.14,p=0.42);在矢状面,AIS组TK平均为9.50°,而Chiari组平均TK则为36.58°。两组患者平均主弯区椎体旋转存在显著差异,Chiari组的患者的MTR显著小于AIS组(-0.84 °VS.5.14°, p=0.042),且TK与MTR之间存在显著相关性(r=0.821, p=0.023)。 结论 通过对Chiari及AIS患者的三维分析,本研究发现在相同冠状面的条件下,Chiari畸形患者较大的后凸可能是由于椎体的旋转所造成。提示脊柱外科医生在关注Chiari患者冠状面矫形的同时需要关注矢状面的旋转。     

C-D Horizon、TSRH内固定对成人脊柱侧弯的疗效分析

目的 回顾分析C-D Horizon、TSRH系统在成人脊柱侧凸矫治中的应用并评价其疗效.方法 2003年8月～2006年1月间运用C-D Horizon、TSRH脊柱内固定系统治疗28例成人脊柱侧凸患者.包括成人特发性脊柱侧凸及退变性脊柱侧凸.采用前后路联合矫形或单纯后路矫形手术方法.术后随访1～2年(平均16个月).通过影像学资料对术前术后冠状面和矢状面的矫形效果对比分析并通过C7椎体中点距骶骨中心垂线的距离来分析躯干平衡的重建.并随访术后疼痛是否缓解及功能恢复.结果 所有患者术后外观矫形效果明显.侧凸术后主弯矫正率平均61.2%.末次随访主弯冠状面Cobb角平均丢失5.2°.C7中点距骶骨中心垂线由术前平均2.3 cm矫正为术后0.19cm.18例腰背疼痛的患者中16例术后得以缓解,24例患者术后参加正常的生活工作.结论 C-D Horizon、TSRH内固定系统治疗成人脊柱侧弯可得到冠状面上较高的矫正率、重建躯干平衡,有效矫正脊柱侧弯,术后功能恢复满意.     

后路顶点经椎弓根截骨术治疗重度僵硬性脊柱侧后凸畸形

目的 评价后路顶点经椎弓根截骨术治疗重度僵硬性脊柱侧后凸畸形的安全性和早期临床治疗效果.方法 回顾性分析12例行后路顶点经椎弓根截骨术治疗重度僵硬性脊柱侧后凸畸形患者的术前、术后及随访时的X光像,对侧凸Cobb角、后凸Cobb角、躯干平衡等进行测量和分析.复习手术记录和病历,记录围手术期并发症.结果 本组患者12例,男4例,女8例,平均年龄20.1(9～57)岁,其中成人脊柱侧凸2例,先天性脊柱侧后凸畸形10例.平均随访9.2个月.融合固定节段平均12个节段.手术时间平均5.0 h,术中出血量平均1517 ml,回输自体血平均780 ml,异体输血平均1109 ml.手术前后主弯冠状面Cobb角分别为100.9°和48.8°,平均矫正率51.8%(P=0.000).节段性后凸Cobb角分别为81.7°和42.2°,平均矫正率为49.8%(P=0.000).随访时主弯冠状面Cobb角及节段性后凸Cobb角分别为50.7°和46.0°,矫形无明显丢失(P=0.763,P=0.698).手术前、后及随访时冠状面躯干平衡分别为16.3、14.7和12.0mm,随访时仅1例发生冠状面躯干失平衡(22 mm).2例患者出现一过性的下肢单侧肢体麻木、无力,获完全恢复.所有患者均无脊髓损伤.结论 后路顶点经椎弓根截骨术是矫正重度僵硬性脊柱侧后凸畸形的安全方法 ,早期结果 令人满意.     

三维CT在儿童脊柱侧弯畸形手术矫正中的应用

目的探讨三维CT在儿童脊柱侧弯畸形手术矫正过程中的应用价值。方法 55例儿童脊柱侧弯(其中特发性脊柱侧弯42例,先天性脊柱畸形13例),术前采用俯卧位三维CT扫描,对椎弓根钉进针点进行三维定位,同时测量相应脊椎椎弓根松质骨宽度、进针长度,以及椎体内倾角、旋转角、矢状角,对手术置钉进行精确评估。术后三维CT扫描评估置钉准确率并测量脊柱冠状位主弯Cobb′s角平均矫正度数。结果 55例儿童脊柱侧弯患儿共置入螺钉450枚,置钉准确率为98.22%;术前冠状位CT测量主弯Cobb′s角平均为62.3°(43.0°～108.6°),术后冠状位CT测量脊柱侧弯主弯Cobb′s角平均为16.5°(2.0°～60.7°)。结论应用三维CT扫描定位进针点,可指导术中准确安置椎弓根钉,有利于提高手术操作安全,减少人为的误差,防止和减少并发症的发生。     

选择性前路胸腰弯/腰弯融合治疗青少年特发性脊柱侧凸

背景：自King提出对King II型特发性脊柱侧凸可进行选择性胸弯融合的概念以来,关于选择性胸弯融合后胸弯和腰弯均可获得良好矫形的报道很多。同样,对结构性胸腰弯/腰弯和非结构性胸弯患者,选择性胸腰完/腰弯融合也可获得良好的双弯矫形效果,然而这方面的报道很少。我们分析了此类青少年特发性脊柱侧凸（AIS）患者在接受选择性前路胸腰完/腰弯融合后双弯的矫正情况。 方法 回顾行选择性前路胸腰段/腰段融合的AIS病例的临床及影像学资料。测量分析Cobb角、主弯和次弯的矫形率、冠状面平衡、下融合椎倾斜度、下融合椎下位椎间角和放射学双肩高度。 结果 共40例患者,胸腰弯/腰弯冠状面Cobb角术前平均为43.9°,术后矫正为8.7°,矫正率为80.6%(P=0.000);胸弯冠状面Cobb角术前平均为27.2°,术后矫正为14.3°,自动矫正率为50.5%(P=0.000)。;末次随访时胸腰弯/腰弯和胸弯分别为13.7°和17.1°,矫形丢失平均分别为5.0°和2.9°。冠状面平衡术前、术后分别为13.2 mm和11.5 mm,随访时为5.6 mm,明显好于术后(P=0.001)。 下方融合椎（LIV）倾斜术前平均为23.5°,术后为8.3°,较术前显著改善（P＝0.000）;末次随访时保持良好,为10.6°。冠状面下方融合椎下位椎间盘开角（LIVDA）术前为3.5°,术后增加到5.5°(P=0.100),末次随访时明显加重,为7.4° (P=0.012). 手术前、后及随访时双肩高度差分别为7.3 mm、5.6 mm和2.2 mm。随访时的双肩高度差明显优于术后(P=0.002)。结论 前路选择性胸腰弯/腰弯融合与固定,双弯均可获得良好的矫形效果、冠状面平衡和双肩高度差,但下方融合椎下位椎间盘开角较大。     

青少年特发性脊柱侧凸症脊柱三维形态结构参数的相关性研究

目的 探讨青少年特发性脊柱侧凸症(AIS)主弯Cobb角(MCC)与矢状位及轴位参数的相关性。方法 回顾2021年5月至2022年5月于该院推拿科就诊的符合AIS纳入标准的患者,收集患者一般情况资料,在正、侧位影像资料上记录MCC、主弯方向(MCD)、顶椎旋转(AVR)、颈椎前凸角(CL)、胸椎后凸角(TK)、腰椎前凸角(LL)、骨盆入射角(PI)、骶骨倾斜角(SS)等参数,运用SPSS25.0软件进行数据分析。结果 共收集符合要求的患者67例,其中男30例,女37例,平均年龄(14.09±2.90)岁,MCD左侧34例、右侧33例,AVR值Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ度患者分别有15、39、12、1例;MCC(16.94±8.54)°,CL(8.15±10.46)°、TK(21.07±9.59)°、LL(47.38±11.51)°、PI(47.41±10.58)°、SS(34.72±8.91)°。其中MCC与性别、AVR及TK间存在相关性(P<0.05),与CL、LL、PI、SS无明显相关性(均P>0.05)。结论 AIS患者MCC与患者性别、AVR及TK间存在明显相关性,冠状位脊柱畸...     

应用钉-棒系统治疗退行性脊柱侧弯的疗效分析

目的回顾分析钉-棒系统内固定＋植骨融合治疗退行性脊柱侧凸矫治中的疗效。方法2004-01～2007-12间运用TSRH、CD脊柱内固定系统＋植骨融合治疗的42例退行性脊柱侧凸患者。采用后路矫形手术方法。术后随访6～25个月（平均15个月）。通过对术前术后影像学资料进行分析,比较冠状面和矢状面的矫形效果并通过c7椎体中点距骶骨中心垂线（CVSL）的距离来分析躯干平衡的重建,并随访术后疼痛是否缓解以及功能的恢复。结果所有患者术后外观矫形效果明显。侧凸术后主弯矫正率平均68．7％。末次随访主弯冠状面Cobb角平均丢失4．6°。C7中点距CVSL由术前平均2．7cm矫正为术后0．26cm。23例腰背疼痛的患者中17例术后得以缓解,31例患者术后参加正常的生活工作。结论钉棒系统＋植骨融合治疗退行性脊柱侧弯可得到冠状面上较高的矫正率、重建躯干平衡,有效矫正脊柱侧弯,术后功能恢复满意。     

Lenke 2型特发性脊柱侧凸三维矫形手术的有限元模拟

目的 利用建立的Lenke 2型青少年特发性脊柱侧凸(adolescent idiopathic scoliosis,AIS)三维有限元模型,分别仿真模拟前路、后路手术矫形操作,探讨其最佳手术方案。方法 建立Lenke 2型AIS的有限元模型,分别模拟前路和后路共5种不同的矫形方案,比较不同手术方案的矫形效果和双肩平衡参数的变化。结果 5种不同矫形方案有限元模拟术后的上胸弯冠状面Cobb角和矫形率分别为:21.5(44.8%)、26.5(32.1%)、28.1(27.9%)、34.1(12.5%)、32(17.9%),各矫形方案的主胸弯矫正率无明显差别。胸椎矢状面生理后凸得以维持。5种矫形方案术后各双肩平衡影像学参数较术前有所升高,除方案A(上端固定椎为T2)外,其余各方案的喙突高度差均＞9 mm,锁骨角均＞2.5°,锁骨倾斜角差均＞4.5°。结论 对于左肩高的含结构性上胸弯Lenke 2型AIS,上端固定椎选择T2且完全融合上胸弯,可取得上胸弯、主胸弯良好的三维矫形和双肩平衡。部分融合上胸弯(上端固定椎为T3、T4),上胸弯的矫正率稍差,术后容易出现轻度到中度双肩失平衡。前路或后路选择性胸主弯融合,难以恢复上胸弯的正常脊柱序列,术后会导致轻度到中度双肩失平衡。     

Changes in plantar foot pressure with in-shoe varus or valgus wedging

Varus and valgus wedging are commonly used by podiatric physicians in therapy with custom-made foot orthoses. This study aimed to provide scientific evidence of the effects on plantar foot pressure of applying in-shoe forefoot or rearfoot wedging. The plantar foot pressure distribution of 23 subjects walking on a treadmill was recorded using a pressure insole system for seven different wedging conditions, ranging from 3 degrees valgus to 6 degrees varus for the forefoot and from 4 degrees valgus to 8 degrees varus for the rearfoot. The results demonstrate that increasing varus wedging magnifies peak pressure and maximal loading rate at the medial forefoot and rearfoot, whereas increasing valgus wedging magnifies peak pressure and maximal loading rate at the lateral forefoot and rearfoot. As expected, the location of the center of pressure shifts medially with varus wedging and laterally with valgus wedging. However, these shifts are less significant than those in peak load and maximal loading rate. Timing variables such as interval from initial impact to peak load do not seem to be affected by forefoot or rearfoot wedging. Finally, rearfoot wedging does not significantly influence pressure variables of the forefoot; similarly, rearfoot pressure remains unaffected by forefoot wedging.     

糖尿病患者的足底压力分析

目的：探讨我国糖尿病（DM）患者足底压力参数与分布情况及其与糖尿病周围神经病变（DPN）的关系。方法使用Footscan SCSI 0.5米平板系统对68名糖尿病无周围神经病变患者（A组）和70名糖尿病合并周围神经病变患者（B组）进行静态和动态足底压力检测。结果1.前足及后足接触面积,B组〉A组（P〈0.05）;中足接触面积,B组〈A组（P〈0.01）。2.B组左足M5及左足HM的峰值压强（PP）高于A组,P＜0.01;B组左足MF的PP低于A组,P＜0.01。3.DM患者双足足底各区域的PP分布无明显差异,大致为：M3＞M4＞HM＞M2,HL＞M5＞M1＞T1＞MF＞T2-5。结论 DPN患者与DM无合并周围神经病变患者的足底压力存在差异。足底压力检测是早期发现DM人群足部物理变化的有效手段。     

Effect of cast and noncast foot orthoses on plantar pressure and force during normal gait

A variety of plantar pressure and force measures were explored in 22 healthy individuals with excessive pronation. The measures were obtained while the subjects wore a thin-soled athletic shoe alone, a modified Root foot orthosis made from a neutral cast, and a flat noncast insole with a 6 degrees varus rearfoot post. The data obtained from subjects wearing the noncast insole differed only minimally from those obtained while they were wearing the shoe only. In contrast, the modified Root orthosis had a profound effect on foot function. Heel forces and pressures were reduced, and the rearfoot contact area was increased. Measures of force in the midfoot demonstrated substantial increases in load in this region, but the increase in area associated with the contoured device resulted in no increase in midfoot pressure measurements. Forefoot pressures were reduced both medially and laterally with the cast device in place.     

膝骨性关节炎患者膝关节疼痛指数与足底压力变化的相关性研究

目的：探讨膝骨性关节炎患者足底压力改变及疼痛对足底压力的影响。方法运用足底压力测试系统对28例单侧膝骨性关节炎疼痛患者自然行走时的步态进行测试,观察受试者单足支撑分期时段参数、足角及膝关节疼痛指数,对健、患侧足底压力各指标进行统计学分析并分析膝关节疼痛指数与各指标相关性。结果膝骨性关节炎患者患侧前足着地阶段时间百分比为（57.90±32.93）、全足支撑阶段时间百分比为（57.93±2.93）低于健侧对应百分比（60.26±2.66,P =0.007;51.53±3.84,P <0.001）;患侧足角（16.24±4.50）明显高于健侧足角（14.67±4.09）,差异有统计学意义（P =0.014）;膝关节疼痛指数与患侧前足着地阶段时间百分比（r =-0.53,P =0.004）、全足支撑阶段时间百分比（r =-0.56,P =0.002）呈负相关;与患侧足角无明显相关性（r =0.245,P =0.193）。结论膝骨性关节炎患者足底压力具有特征性,前足着地时段、全足支撑时段明显缩短、足角变大,疼痛严重影响膝骨性关节炎患者步态。     

Symmetry of plantar pressures and vertical forces in healthy subjects during walking

The purpose of this study was to determine the degree of symmetry for in-shoe plantar pressure and vertical force patterns between the left and right feet of healthy subjects during walking. Thirty subjects with a mean age of 29.6 years participated in the study. Each subject walked a distance of 8 m three times while in-shoe plantar pressure and vertical force data were collected. A total of 12 steps were analyzed for both feet, and maximum vertical force, peak pressure, and pressure-time integrals were calculated for four plantar regions of the foot. No differences in the three variables were noted between male and female subjects. Plantar pressure and vertical force patterns were found to be symmetrical between the left and right feet, except for two of the four plantar regions studied. Only the forefoot and rearfoot regions were found to show significant differences between the left and right feet for plantar pressure and vertical force, respectively. The degree of asymmetry for these two plantar regions in the same foot, however, was minimal.     

Casting methods and plantar pressure: effects of custom-made foot orthoses on dynamic plantar pressure distribution

Foot orthoses are widely used to treat various foot problems. A literature search revealed no publications on differences in plantar pressure distribution resulting from casting methods for foot orthoses. Four casting methods were used for construction of orthoses. Two foam box techniques were used: accommodative full weightbearing method (A) and functional semiweightbearing method (B). Also, two suspension plaster casting techniques were used: accommodative casting (C) and functional subtalar joint neutral position (Root) method (D). Their effects on contact area, plantar pressure, and walking convenience were evaluated. All orthoses increased the total contact area (mean, 17.4%) compared with shoes without orthoses. Differences in contact areas between orthoses for total plantar surface were statistically significant. Peak pressures for the total plantar surface were lower with orthoses than without orthoses (mean, 22.8%). Among orthoses, only the difference between orthoses A and B was statistically significant. Differences between orthoses for the forefoot were small and not statistically significant. The gait lines of the shoe without an insole and of the accommodative orthoses are more medially located than those of functional orthoses. Walking convenience in the shoe was better rated than that with orthoses. There were no differences in perception of walking convenience between orthoses A, B, and C. Orthosis D had the lowest convenience rating. The four casting methods resulted in differences between orthoses with respect to contact areas and walking convenience but only slight differences in peak pressures.     

创伤性足下垂畸形进行Ilizarov外固定架治疗后的足底压力分析

目的 研究创伤性足下垂患者进行Ilizarov外固定架治疗后的足底压力分布情况,为患者的手术治疗和康复提供有参考价值的生物力学结果.方法 选取30名接受Ilizarov外固定架治疗的创伤性足下垂成人患者作为实验组,同时以30名同年龄健康人作为对照组,通过比较实验组和对照组足底各分区的峰值压强(peak pressure,PP),触地面积(contact area,CA)和压强-时间积分(pressure-time integral,PTI)等指标评估行走状态下术后患者的足底压力变化情况.结果 与对照组相比,患足在足趾区域的PP,CA和PTI降低,在第五跖骨头、足跟外侧区域的PP,CA和PTI升高.结论 创伤性足下垂畸形患者进行Ilizarov外固定架治疗术后的足底压力尚未恢复正常,前足外侧区域有应力过载风险,临床中还需长时间的康复治疗来恢复正常的足底压力分布.     

椎弓根螺钉治疗青少年特发性脊柱侧凸的手术疗效

目的:探讨后路椎弓根螺钉治疗青少年特发性脊柱侧凸(AIS)的临床疗效.方法:2006年3月至2009年4月,连续收治青少年特发性脊柱侧凸患者21例,其中男性8例,女性13例;年龄10-19岁,平均14.9岁;所有患者均行后路椎弓根螺钉固定术,术后胸腰支具保护3个月;术前术后行脊柱X线片测量冠状位胸弯与腰弯Cobb角,并测量C7中点垂线与骶骨中垂线(CSVL)的平均距离(C7-CSVL),术前按Lenke法进行分型,Nash-Moe法对椎体旋转程度进行分级.结果:患者术前胸弯Cobb角平均52.4°,术后为12.3°,矫正率为76.5％,末次随访14.6°,矫正率为72.1％,平均丢失2.3°;术前腰弯Cobb角平均43.7°,术后为10.8°,矫正率为75.3％,末次随访12.1％,矫正率72.3％,平均丢失1.3°;C7-CSVL由术前平均6.3 cm矫正为1.8 cm.术后随访24-48个月,平均32个月,未发现假关节形成,无明显畸形丢失.结论:使用后路椎弓根螺钉固定系统治疗青少年特发性脊柱侧凸可获得良好的矫正率,且并发症少,疗效满意.     

糖尿病周围神经病变患者足底压力与步态的变化

目的 了解2型糖尿病合并周围神经病变患者的足底压力与步态变化.方法 纳入住院的303例2型糖尿病患者,分为糖尿病无周围神经病变组(DC组)和糖尿病周围神经病变组(DPN组).收集患者一般资料、相关生化指标.使用FootScan系统收集足底压力及步态相关参数.采用独立样本t检验、Mann-Whitney U检验、Spearman秩相关进行数据分析.结果 与DC组相比,DPN组左足第3、4跖骨的峰值压力降低[(13.15±4.22)N/cm2 vs(11.96±3.94) N/cm2,P ＜0.05;(10.21±4.22) N/cm2 vs(9.14±3.66) N/cm2,P＜0.05],右足第1、2、3跖骨峰值压力降低[(6.02±2.79) N/cm2vs(5.04±2.87) N/cm2,P＜ 0.05;(9.95±2.69) N/cm2 vs(9.18±2.77) N/cm2,P ＜0.05;(10.90±3.23)N/cm2vs(9.93±3.09)N/cm2,P＜0.05],其余区域峰值压力、总应力、总接触面积、总应力-时间积分、各区域压力-时间积分的组间差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).与DC组相比,DPN组右足的整足接触阶段[56.8％(50.22％～62.45％) vs 59.5％(54.25％～64.15％),P＜0.05]延长,离地阶段[31.25％ (25.475％ ～ 35.775％)vs 29％(24.95％ ～33.65％),P＜0.05]缩短,总时间[(858±12)ms vs(900±127)ms,P＜0.05]延长,步行速度[(2.58±0.67) km/h vs(2.28±0.66) km/h,P＜0.05]减慢.步行速度与多个区域的足底压强呈正相关(P＜0.05),支撑相中的整足接触阶段与峰值压力呈负相关(P＜0.05),离地阶段与峰值压力呈正相关(P＜0.05).结论 糖尿病周围神经病变患者足底压力峰值、压力-时间积分未见升高,步行速度减慢,整足接触阶段延长,离地阶段缩短.对糖尿病患者足底压力进行评价同时需要对步行速度及步态进行矫正,使用压力-时间积分指标更能反映足底承受压力情况.     

Forefoot plantar pressures in rheumatoid arthritis

We sought to investigate the magnitude and duration of peak forefoot plantar pressures in rheumatoid arthritis. The spatial and temporal characteristics of forefoot plantar pressures were measured in 25 patients with a positive diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis of 5 to 10 years' duration (mean, 8 years) and a comparison group using a platform-based pressure-measurement system. There were no significant differences between groups in the magnitude of peak plantar pressure in the forefoot region. Significant differences were, however, noted for temporal aspects of foot-pressure measurement. The duration of loading over sensors detecting peak plantar pressure was significantly longer in the rheumatoid arthritis group. In addition, the rheumatoid arthritis group demonstrated significantly greater force-time integrals. Significant increases in the temporal parameters of plantar pressure distribution, rather than those of amplitude, may be characteristic of the rheumatoid foot.