改良FOLFOXIRI方案一线治疗晚期结直肠癌的疗效及生存预后分析

目的:观察改良FOLFOXIRI方案一线治疗晚期结直肠癌的近期疗效、远期生存及不良反应.方法:采用前瞻性观察研究方法对47例晚期结直肠癌患者采用mFOLFOXIRI方案一线化疗.伊立替康(IRI)165mg/m2静脉滴注90min d 1,奥沙利铂(OXA)85mg/m2静脉滴注2h d 1,亚叶酸钙400mg/m2静脉滴注2h d 1,5-FU 2400~2800mg/m2持续静脉滴注48h,每2周为一周期.观察该方案的近期疗效及不良反应,并通过长期随访进行生存分析.结果:47例晚期结直肠癌患者治疗的总有效率(ORR)为51.1%,疾病控制率(DCR)为85.1%,中位无进展生存期(PFS)8.4个月(95%CI:6.6~10.2个月),中位总生存期(OS)20.7个月(95%CI:15.3~26.1个月).根据年龄及ECOG PS评分将患者分为体力状况较好组及体力状况中等组,两组近期疗效及PFS、OS均无显著统计学差异.亚组分析显示肿瘤早期缓解患者较非早期缓解患者的PFS及OS延长且具有统计学意义(PFS:11.0个月vs 7.1个月,P=0.044;OS:29.7个月vs 20.7个月,P=0.036);原发灶位于左半结肠/直肠者较右半结肠者的PFS及OS延长且具有统计学意义(PFS:10.6个月vs 3.7个月,P=0.002;OS:27.3个月vs 14.2个月,P=0.021).全组不良反应较轻,以I-II级为主,III-IV级不良反应主要为中性粒细胞减少及延迟性腹泻,但均为可控,无治疗相关死亡.结论:改良FOLFOXIRI三药联合方案作为晚期结直肠癌的一线治疗方案,其有效率高、不良反应可耐受,并可达到较长的生存时间,原发灶部位及是否达到早期缓解与患者预后生存可能有关,值得进一步临床研究.     

奥沙利铂和伊立替康治疗失败后转移性结直肠癌的化疗选择

  目的  通过回顾性分析奥沙利铂及伊立替康化疗失败的转移性结直肠癌化疗疗效,探索结直肠癌的解救化疗方案。  方法  回顾2005年1月~2013年3月本院经奥沙利铂及伊立替康化疗失败的转移性结直肠癌患者37例,分析化疗的有效率（RR）及无进展生存（PFS）。  结果  化疗总有效率13.51%（5/37）,5例PR,12例SD,20例PD;以培美曲塞为基础化疗方案总有效率略高于其他方案（17.64% vs. 10.00%,P=0.64）,未延长PFS（2.00个月vs. 1.63个月,HR=0.79,95%CI:0.35~1.78,P=0.58）;以雷替曲塞为基础的化疗方案有效率略高于其他方案（16.67% vs. 12.00%,P=0.34）,未延长PFS（1.58个月vs. 1.90个月,HR=2.24,95%CI:0.98~5.12,P=0.06）。  结论  以培美曲塞或雷替曲塞为基础的联合化疗方案对奥沙利铂及伊立替康化疗失败的转移性结直肠癌患者有一定疗效,值得进一步开展临床研究。      

西妥昔单抗联合化疗治疗K-ras基因不明的晚期结直肠癌

目的 探讨西妥昔单抗联合化疗对K-ras基因状态不明的晚期结直肠癌患者的疗效和安全性.方法 收集2005年3月至2008年12月间在中山大学肿瘤防治中心接受西妥昔单抗联合化疗的102例晚期结直肠癌患者的资料,统计患者的有效率(ORR)、疾病控制率(DCR)、无进展生存时间(PFS)和总生存期(OS).比较一线与非一线化疗联合应用西妥昔单抗、含奥沙利铂方案与含伊立替康方案的ORR、DCR、PFS和OS的差异.结果 102例患者的ORR和DCR分别为43.1%和74.5%,中位PFS和OS分别为4.0个月和28.5个月,1、3和5年生存率分别为89.2%、50.9%和27.5%.一线与非一线应用西妥昔单抗联合化疗患者的ORR(50.0%和40.0%,P=0.344)、DCR(78.1%和72.9%,P=0.571)和OS(51.0和35.0个月,P=0.396)差异均无统计学意义,但一线应用西妥昔单抗联合化疗患者的PFS(5.5个月)较非一线者显著延长(3.0个月,P=0.001).应用含奥沙利铂方案治疗与应用含伊立替康方案治疗患者的ORR(54.2%和40.0%,P=0.223)、DCR(79.2%和74.7%,P=0.654)、PFS(5.0个月和3.0个月,P=0.726,)和OS(36.0个月和40.0个月,P=0.759)比较,差异均无统计学意义.常见的不良反应有痤疮样皮疹(80.4%,3～4级9.8%)、中性粒细胞下降(66.7%,3～4级18.6%)、腹泻(19.6%,3～4级5.9%),无与治疗相关性死亡病例.结论 西妥昔单抗联合化疗治疗K-ras基因状况不明的晚期结直肠癌患者的有效率较高,中位生存时间较长,不良反应少且程度轻.比较一线与非一线应用西妥昔单抗治疗、含奥沙利铂方案与含伊立替康方案间的疗效均无明显差异.     

晚期结直肠癌治疗及临床特点

目的:观察晚期结直肠癌一线治疗疗效及临床特征。方法:回顾性分析我科收治的159例晚期结直肠癌患者的临床资料。所有患者采用FOLFOX6/FOLFIRI方案进行一线化疗,观察一线治疗近期疗效及毒副反应。同时对159例晚期结直肠癌发生部位、转移部位、左右半结肠预后情况等进行临床观察分析。结果:我科晚期结直肠癌一线治疗有效率及PFS分别为49.1%,6.73个月。FOLFOX6组与FOLFIRI组有效率（50.0% vs 48.0%)和无进展生存期(6.41个月 vs 7.09个月）差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);FOLFOX6组毒副反应主要为末梢神经感觉异常。而FOLFIRI组为迟发性腹泻。左半结肠、右半结肠在治疗有效率RR方面（75.0% vs 22.2%,P<0.05）,差异有统计学意义。大肠癌的好发部位依次为直肠（60.4%）、左半结肠（22.6%）、右半结肠（17.0%）。晚期结直肠癌转易转移部位依次为肝（50.94%）、肺（40.25%）、骨（24.53%）,其中脑转移占3.77%。直肠癌与结肠癌肺转移率分别为（76.67% vs 30.00%）,差异具有显著意义(P<0.05)。直肠癌与结肠癌骨转移分别占（76.92% vs 23.08%）,差异具有显著意义(P<0.05)。结论:FOLFOX6方案与FOLFIRI方案治疗晚期结直肠癌疗效确切,两组近期疗效相似,均可作为晚期结直肠癌一线治疗,毒副反应可以耐受。大肠癌好发部位以直肠为主,区别于西方。晚期结直肠癌易转移部位依次为肝、肺、骨,且肺、骨转移多见于直肠癌,大肠癌脑转移逐渐增多。同时发现右半结肠癌较左半结肠癌疗效差,左、右半结肠应看做不同的器官。     

奥沙利铂一线治疗后再引入与雷替曲塞联合二线治疗晚期结直肠癌的临床观察*

目的:评估奥沙利铂一线用于治疗晚期结直肠癌后与雷替曲塞联合再引入二线治疗的疗效及安全性。方法:收集2010年5 月至2014年12月广西中医药大学附属瑞康医院收治的48例晚期结直肠癌患者,根据一线应用奥沙利铂的情况分为两组:A 组（一线使用不含奥沙利铂方案）20例;B 组（一线使用含奥沙利铂方案）28例。二线治疗方案:雷替曲塞3 mg/m2,静脉滴注,d1;奥沙利铂100～130 mg/m2,静脉滴注,d1;每21天1 次。结果:48例均可评价疗效,两组有效率分别为30.0%（6/ 20）、32.1%（9/ 28）;疾病控制率分别为80.0%（16/ 20）、75.0%（21/ 28）;中位无进展生存期分别为6.5 个月、7.0 个月;中位总生存期分别为10个月、13个月;两组有效率、疾病控制率、中位无进展生存期及中位总生存期比较差异均无统计学意义（P = 0.264,0.514,0.713,0.788）。 主要不良反应为骨髓抑制、转氨酶异常和胃肠道反应,以Ⅰ～Ⅱ级为主;两组感觉神经异常Ⅰ～Ⅱ级发生率相近。结论:奥沙利铂再引入联合雷替曲塞二线化疗对曾使用过奥沙利铂一线化疗的患者仍然有效,无耐药性,安全可行,对不能接受伊立替康二线治疗的晚期结直肠癌患者是较好选择。      

奥沙利铂联合紫杉醇脂质体治疗晚期胃癌的疗效分析

目的 探讨奥沙利铂联合紫杉醇脂质体或替吉奥治疗晚期胃癌的临床疗效及不良反应.方法 选取46例晚期胃癌患者作为研究对象.按照随机数字表法将46例晚期胃癌患者随机分为A组和B组,每组23例.其中,A组患者接受奥沙利铂联合紫杉醇脂质体方案化疗,B组患者接受奥沙利铂联合替吉奥方案化疗.比较两组患者的客观缓解率(ORR)、疾病控制率(DCR)、无进展生存期(PFS)、总生存期(OS)和不良反应发生情况.结果 A组患者的ORR为47.8%,DCR为78.3%;B组患者的ORR为43.5%,DCR为69.6%;两组患者的ORR和DCR比较,差异均无统计学意义(P=0.767、0.502).A组和B组患者的中位OS分别为9.4个月和9.5个月,两组比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.911).A组患者的中位PFS为6.9个月(95%CI:6.2~7.8个月),长于B组患者的5.4个月(95%CI:4.0~5.9个月),差异有统计学意义(P=0.048).两组患者的中性粒细胞减少、血小板减少、贫血、疲劳乏力、腹泻、关节肌肉疼痛、恶心呕吐以及神经毒性的发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P﹥0.05).结论 奥沙利铂联合紫杉醇脂质体方案和奥沙利铂联合替吉奥方案治疗晚期胃癌的临床疗效接近,但在晚期胃癌患者的无进展生存期方面,奥沙利铂联合紫杉醇脂质体方案可能优于奥沙利铂联合替吉奥方案.     

雷替曲塞联合奥沙利铂方案二线治疗晚期结直肠癌的疗效观察

目的 观察雷替曲塞联合奥沙利铂方案二线治疗晚期结直肠癌的有效性和安全性.方法 入组经病理组织学确诊的晚期结直肠癌患者45例,其中23例(试验组)采用雷替曲塞联合奥沙利铂化疗,22例(对照组)采用5-Fu、甲酰四氢叶酸钙联合奥沙利铂化疗,比较观察2组疗效、毒副反应及生存情况.结果 试验组和对照组有效率分别为18.18％和14.29％ (P＞0.05);疾病控制率分别为63.64％和57.14％ (P＞0.05);中位疾病进展时间分别为6.8和5.5个月(P＞0.05),中位生存期分别为11.5和10.2个月,1 a生存率分别为54.55％和42.86％(P均＞0.05).2组最常见的毒副反应为骨髓抑制,以中性粒细胞减少、血小板减少为主;试验组转氨酶升高发生率高于对照组(47.83％ vs 31.82％,P＜0.05),而呕吐发生率低于对照组(39.13％vs59.09％,P＜0.05).结论 雷替曲塞联合奥沙利铂方案在晚期结直肠癌的二线治疗中安全有效,患者耐受性好,尤其适合老年患者.     

雷替曲塞／贝伐珠单抗联合伊立替康或奥沙利铂方案治疗晚期结直肠癌的临床观察

目的 探讨含雷替曲塞／贝伐珠单抗的联合化疗方案在晚期结直肠癌二线及二线以上治疗中的疗效及安全性。方法 收集二线或二线以上治疗均采用含雷替曲塞／贝伐珠单抗联合伊立替康或奥沙利铂方案共15例晚期结直肠癌患者的资料,所有方案均以2周为1周期,其中采用雷替曲塞+贝伐珠单抗方案2例,雷替曲塞+贝伐珠单抗+伊立替康方案9例,雷替曲塞+贝伐珠单抗+奥沙利铂方案4例。贝伐珠单抗5mg／kg 静滴,d1;雷替曲塞2mg／m2静滴15min,d2;伊立替康180mg／m2静滴1h,d2;奥沙利铂85mg／m2静滴2h,d2。结果 15例患者均可评价疗效。获PR 2例,SD 10例,PD 3例,有效率为13.3％,疾病控制率为800％;中位无疾病进展时间为5.1个月（95％CI：3.404～6.813个月）,中位OS为11.5个月（95％CI：8.985～13.930个月）。毒副反应主要包括食欲减退、恶心呕吐、疲乏、白细胞减少和血小板减少等,3～4级毒副反应以食欲减退、恶性呕吐、疲乏和血小板减少为主。结论 含雷替曲塞／贝伐珠单抗联合伊立替康或奥沙利铂方案在晚期结直肠癌二线及二线以上治疗中的疾病控制率高,毒副反应可耐受,可推荐为Ⅲ期临床研究方案以及二线或二线以上晚期结直肠癌的治疗方案。     

培美曲塞联合铂类一线治疗晚期非鳞非小细胞肺癌的临床观察

背景与目的：晚期肺癌一线化疗有效率仅30%～40%,本研究旨在探讨培美曲塞联合铂类药物(卡铂或顺铂)治疗晚期非鳞非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)的疗效及不良反应。方法：121例非鳞NSCLC患者,给予培美曲塞联合铂类化疗：培美曲塞500 mg/m2第1天,静脉滴注,卡铂300 mg/m2,第1天,静脉滴注,每3周重复;或培美曲塞500 mg/m2,第1天,静脉滴注,顺铂70 mg/m2,第1天,静脉滴注,每3周重复。上述方案连用2~6个周期,至少2个周期评价疗效。主要观察终点是疾病控制率(diseasecontrol rate,DCR),其次是中位无进展生存时间(progression-free survival,PFS)、1年生存率和安全性。结果：全组可评价疗效121例,完全缓解(complete response,CR)1例,部分缓解(partial response,PR)44例,病情稳定(stable disease,SD)50例,疾病进展(progressive disease,PD)26例,客观有效率(objective response rate,ORR)为37.2%(45/121),DCR为78.5%(95/121),PFS为5.2个月(95%CI：4.4~6.0个月),1年生存率为59.0%。其中培美曲塞联合卡铂组ORR为38.3%(23/60),DCR为78.3%(47/60),PFS为5.1个月(95%CI：3.8~6.4个月),1年生存率55.2%;培美曲塞联合顺铂组ORR为36.1%(22/61),DCR为78.7%(48/61),PFS为6.2个月(95%CI：4.3~8.1个月),1年生存率为62.5%。两组之间的ORR、DCR、PFS和1年生存率差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。主要不良反应为中性粒细胞和白细胞下降、乏力及胃肠道反应。结论：培美曲塞联合铂类药物一线治疗晚期非鳞NSCLC疗效确切,不良反应发生率低,耐受性较好。     

奥沙利铂辅助化疗失败后一线再引入治疗晚期结直肠癌的研究

  目的  奥沙利铂辅助化疗后疾病进展的晚期结直肠癌患者优先推荐含伊立替康的方案, 然而部分患者因费用或禁忌症不能接受伊立替康的治疗。本回顾性研究探讨奥沙利铂辅助化疗失败后一线再引入治疗的疗效和安全性。  方法  奥沙利铂辅助化疗结束6个月后疾病进展一线治疗再引入的27例晚期结直肠癌患者纳入研究, 化疗方案包括mFOLFOX6和CapeOX。  结果  27例均可评价疗效, 完全缓解1例, 部分缓解7例, 稳定7例, 总有效率29.6%, 疾病控制率55.5%, 中位疾病进展时间和中位总生存分别为7.26个月(95%CI, 6.34~13.43个月)和19.1个月(95%CI, 19.3~33.1个月)。Ⅲ~Ⅳ度不良反应包括Ⅲ度粒细胞下降2例、Ⅲ度贫血1例、Ⅲ度和Ⅴ度血小板下降各1例、Ⅲ度呕吐1例、Ⅲ度口腔粘膜炎1例、Ⅲ度神经毒性2例。  结论  对于奥沙利铂辅助化疗失败后不能接受伊立替康治疗的晚期结直肠癌患者, 奥沙利铂再引入可以给患者带来生存获益, 安全可行。      

First-line nivolumab plus chemotherapy vs chemotherapy in patients with advanced gastric,gastroesophageal junction and esophageal adenocarcinoma: CheckMate 649 Chinese subgroup analysis

First-line chemotherapy for advanced/metastatic human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative gastric/gastroesophageal junction cancer (GC/GEJC) has poor median overall survival (OS; <1 year). We report efficacy and safety results from Chinese patients in the phase III global CheckMate 649 study of nivolumab plus chemotherapy vs chemotherapy for the first-line treatment of GC/GEJC/esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Chinese patients with previously untreated advanced or metastatic GC/GEJC/EAC were randomized to receive nivolumab (360 mg Q3W or 240 mg Q2W) plus chemotherapy (XELOX [capecitabine and oxaliplatin] Q3W or FOLFOX [oxaliplatin, leucovorin and 5-fluorouracil] Q2W), nivolumab plus ipilimumab (not reported) or chemotherapy alone. OS, blinded independent central review-assessed progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), duration of response (DOR) and safety are reported. Of 1581 patients enrolled and randomized, 208 were Chinese. In these patients, nivolumab plus chemotherapy resulted in clinically meaningful improvement in median OS (14.3 vs 10.2 months; HR 0.61 [95% CI: 0.44-0.85]), median PFS (8.3 vs 5.6 months; HR 0.57 [95% CI: 0.40-0.80]), ORR (66% vs 45%) and median DOR (12.2 vs 5.6 months) vs chemotherapy, respectively. The safety profile was acceptable, with no new safety signals observed. Consistent with results from the global primary analysis of CheckMate 649, nivolumab plus chemotherapy demonstrated a clinically meaningful improvement in OS and PFS and higher response rate vs chemotherapy and an acceptable safety profile in Chinese patients. Nivolumab plus chemotherapy represents a new standard first-line treatment for Chinese patients with non-HER2-positive advanced GC/GEJC/EAC.     

沙利度胺联合方案治疗晚期结直肠癌临床观察

目的探讨沙利度胺联合方案治疗晚期结直肠癌的疗效及安全性。方法45例经病理证实的晚期结直肠癌患者随机分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组22例接受沙利度胺联合卡培他滨和奥沙利铂治疗,对照组23例仅接受卡培他滨联合奥沙利铂治疗。3周为1周期,至少2周期化疗,评价疗效。研究无进展生存期(PFS)、客观有效率（ORR）、疾病控制率（DCR）,并观察安全性及不良反应。结果治疗组DCR为68.2%,而对照组为43.5%,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）, PFS 、ORR及患者生活质量两组间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。结论沙利度胺联合方案治疗晚期结直肠癌可显著提高疾病控制率且耐受性良好,值得临床进一步研究。     

贝伐珠单抗联合mFOLFOX6治疗转移性结直肠癌的临床疗效及左右半结肠癌的疗效差异

目的:观察贝伐珠单抗联合mFOLFOX6对比mFOLFOX6治疗晚期转移性结直肠癌的疗效及不良反应,并探索性地分析了左右半结肠癌的疗效差异性。方法:选取2017年1月至2018年8月在江门市中心医院肿瘤科确诊的72例晚期转移性结直肠癌患者,贝伐珠单抗+mFOLFOX6组33例,mFOLFOX6组39例,分析两组的治疗效果、中位PFS、不良反应,并分析不同治疗方案对左右半结肠癌疗效的影响。 结果:贝伐珠单抗+mFOLFOX6组ORR为45.5%,DCR为84.8%;mFOLFOX6组ORR为38.5%,DCR为79.5%。Kaplan-Meier分析显示mFOLFOX6组与贝伐珠单抗+mFOLFOX6组的中位PFS分别为6.2个月和7.7个月（P=0.06）。COX多因素分析结果显示贝伐珠单抗+mFOLFOX6组及mFOLFOX6组的PFS差异有统计学意义（P=0.024）,治疗线数对PFS的影响未达统计学差异（P=0.059）。Kaplan-Meier分析显示贝伐珠单抗+mFOLFOX6组中右半结肠癌的PFS为6.9个月,左半结肠癌的PFS为8.1个月（P=0.538）;mFOLFOX6组中右半结肠癌的PFS为6.37个月,左半结肠癌的PFS为6.2个月（P=0.209）。两组的不良反应主要为胃肠道反应、骨髓抑制及神经毒性。与贝伐珠单抗相关的不良反应主要为高血压、蛋白尿及血栓形成,除1例高血压为Ⅲ级外,其余均为Ⅰ-Ⅱ级。结论:贝伐珠单抗+mFOLFOX6治疗晚期转移性结直肠癌患者疗效好,不良反应可耐受,对左半结肠癌的PFS有获益的趋势。     

Raltitrexed plus oxaliplatin (TOMOX) as first-line chemotherapy for metastatic colorectal cancer. A phase II study of the Italian Group for the Study of Gastrointestinal Tract Carcinomas (GISCAD).

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the novel raltitrexed/oxaliplatin combination (TOMOX) as first-line chemotherapy for patients with advanced colorectal cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Previously untreated patients with metastatic colorectal cancer received raltitrexed 3 mg/m2 plus oxaliplatin 100 mg/m2, both intravenously, on day 1 every 3 weeks. Patients were re-evaluated after every third cycle and chemotherapy was continued up to tolerance or disease progression. RESULTS: Fifty-eight patients from 13 Italian Group for the Study of Gastrointestinal Tract Carcinomas (GISCAD) centers were accrued from September 1999 to November 2000. According to the intention-to-treat analysis from 58 patients, the overall response rate was 50% [95% confidence interval (CI) 38% to 62%], with three complete responses and 26 partial responses. The median overall survival (44 patients currently alive) was >9 months and the median time to disease progression was 6.5 months (range 1-15 months). The main hematological toxicity was grade III/IV neutropenia, which occurred in 17% of patients, while anemia and thrombocytopenia were uncommon. Grade III/IV non-hematological toxicities were transient transaminitis (17% of patients); asthenia (16% of patients); neurotoxicity (10% of patients) and diarrhea (7% of patients). No toxic death was observed, one patient with grade IV asthenia after the first cycle refused chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that the TOMOX combination is an effective and well tolerated regimen for the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer. Its ease of administration and patient tolerance warrant further investigation as an alternative to fluoropyrimidine-based regimens with repeated and prolonged fluorouracil infusions.     

Factors predicting efficacy of oxaliplatin in combination with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) +/- folinic acid in a compassionate-use cohort of 481 5-FU-resistant advanced colorectal cancer patients

A statistical analysis was performed on the patient data collected from two compassionate-use programmes using oxaliplatin (Eloxatin(R)) + 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) +/- folinic acid (FA), to identify predictive factors for oxaliplatin-based salvage treatment in patients with 5-FU-resistant advanced colorectal cancer (ACRC). 481 5-FU-resistant ACRC patients, most with performance status < or = 2, > or = 3 involved sites, and > or = 2 prior lines of chemotherapy, received oxaliplatin + 5-FU +/- FA. Prognostic factors associated with overall response rate (ORR), time to progression (TTP) and overall survival (OS) were identified using univariate and multivariate logistic and/or Cox proportional hazards analyses. The ORR was 16% (95% CI: 13-20), the median TTP was 4.2 months (95% CI: 3.4-4.6), and the median OS was 9.6 months (95% CI: 8.6-10.6). The multivariate analysis indicated poor (> or = 2 WHO) performance status (PS), a large number of prior chemotherapy regimens (> or = 3), a low baseline haemoglobin level (< 10 g/dl), and a triweekly (vs biweekly) treatment administration schedule as significantly associated (P< 0.05) with a lower ORR. Sex (male), number of organs involved (> or =3) and alkaline phosphatase (AP) level (> or = 2 x the upper limit of normal) were associated (P< 0.05) with shorter TTP. Poor PS, a large number of organs involved, and elevated AP were independently and significantly correlated with shorter OS. Our analysis identified a relationship between efficacy results of oxaliplatin + 5-FU +/- FA treatment in 5-FU-resistant ACRC patients and baseline prognostic factors related to PS, extent of disease and number of prior regimens.     

Phase II study of short-course capecitabine plus oxaliplatin (XELOX) followed by maintenance capecitabine in advanced colorectal cancer: XelQuali study

Purpose

To evaluate the efficacy, safety and quality of life of a short course of oxaliplatin plus capecitabine (XELOX) followed by single-agent capecitabine in patients with previously untreated, inoperable, metastatic colorectal cancer.

Methods

Patients received intravenous oxaliplatin 130?mg/m² on d1 plus oral capecitabine 1,000?mg/m² twice daily (bid) on d1?C14 every 21?days for four cycles. Patients achieving stable disease (SD) or better than received capecitabine 1,250?mg/m² bid on d1?C14 every 21?days until disease progression. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS).

Results

Overall, 21/45 (47%) of patients responded to the initial XELOX chemotherapy whilst SD or better was documented in 76%. Median PFS was 6.7 (95% CI 5.7?C9.6) months, and median overall survival (OS) was 20.5 (95% CI 13.1?C28.1) months. In the 34 patients who then received capecitabine maintenance therapy, the median PFS was 8.1 (95% CI 6.2?C11.8) months and median OS was 23.1 (95% CI 17.8?C28.5) months. A marked reduction in the vast majority of all grades of adverse event occurred on switching from initial XELOX to maintenance capecitabine chemotherapy including grades 1?C2 (77 vs. 47%) and grade 3 (7 vs. 3%) neuropathy, diarrhoea and lethargy.

Conclusions

Short-course XELOX followed by capecitabine maintenance therapy provides an active and well-tolerated treatment option for patients with previously untreated metastatic colorectal cancer. A median OS of more than 20?months is promising and by limiting the number of oxaliplatin infusions, this approach minimises the risk of unwanted cumulative neurotoxicity, is cheaper and more convenient for both patients and healthcare providers.     

阿帕替尼单药在标准方案治疗失败晚期结直肠癌患者中的疗效及安全性

目的：探讨阿帕替尼单药在标准治疗方案失败晚期结直肠癌（colorectal cancer,CRC）患者中的疗效和安全性。方法：本研究为前瞻性研究设计,用PASS15 软件计算研究所需的样本量,从2017 年7 月到2018 年8 月入组标准方案治疗失败的晚期CRC患者52 例,给予阿帕替尼起始剂量750 mg或500 mg单药治疗;评估患者的客观缓解率（ORR）和疾病控制率（DCR）,随访评价患者的无进展生存期（PFS）和总生存期（OS）,并记录治疗过程中出现的不良反应。主要研究终点为PFS,次要研究终点为ORR、DCR、OS和安全性。结果：纳入研究的52 例CRC患者中45 例可以评价疗效及安全性,其均为既往接受过至少2 次系统性化疗的晚期CRC患者。疗效：完全缓解0 例、部分缓解5 例、疾病稳定30 例、疾病进展10 例,ORR为11.11%、DCR为77.78%;预后：45 例患者的中位PFS 为3.95 个月（95% CI=3.16~4.74）,中位OS为10.3 个月（95% CI=5.70~14.90）;3 级以上不良反应：手足综合征6 例（13.33%）,高血压5 例（11.11%）,蛋白尿5 例（6.67%）,转氨酶升高4 例（8.89%）,腹泻3 例（6.67%）,疲劳2 例（4.44%）,出血1例（2.22%）。结论：阿帕替尼单药治疗标准方案失败的晚期CRC患者具有潜在的临床获益,安全性事件总体可控。