L—SOD对DDC诱发大鼠急性胃粘膜损伤的保护作用

本实验通过皮下注射ＤＤＣ（二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠）诱发大鼠急性胃粘膜损伤（ＡＧ－ＭＬ）模型，观察脂质体携载ＳＯＤ（Ｌ－ＳＯＤ）对此损伤的保护作用。发现ＤＤＣ能剂量依赖地诱发ＡＧＭＬ。预先静脉注射Ｌ－ＳＯＤ（３００００Ｕ／ｋｇ），可使胃粘膜ＳＯＤ和ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ活性受到保护，ＭＤＡ含量少（Ｐ＜０．０５），胃粘膜血流量（ＧＭＢＦ）提高１２％，粘膜损伤指数下降６０％。表明ＤＤＣ能稳定诱发ＡＧＭＬ，Ｌ－ＳＯ     

CHANGES OF 6-K-PGF_(1a) RELEASE FROM THE LUMINAL SURFACE OF DACRON SEEDED WITH AUTOLOOUS VENOUS TISSUE FRAGMENTS

ＣＨＡＮＧＥＳＯＦ６－Ｋ－ＰＧＦ１ａＲＥＬＥＡＳＥＦＲＯＭＴＨＥＬＵＭＩＮＡＬＳＵＲＦＡＣＥＯＦＤＡＣＲＯＮＳＥＥＤＥＤＷＩＴＨＡＵＴＯＬＯＯＵＳＶＥＮＯＵＳＴＩＳＳＵＥＦＲＡＧＭＥＮＴＳＣＨＡＮＧＥＳＯＦ６－Ｋ－ＰＧＦ１ａＲＥＬＥＡＳＥＦＲＯＭＴＨ...     

EFFECT OF SUSPENDING MEDIUM VISCOSITY ONORIENTATION AND DEFORMATION OF RBCs IN A SHEAR FlOW FIELD

ＥＦＦＥＣＴＯＦＳＵＣＰＥＮＤＩＮＧＭＥＤＩＵＭＶＩＳＣＯＳＩＴＹＯＮＯＲＩＥＮＴＡＴＩＯＮＡＮＤＤＥＦＯＲＭＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＲＢＣＳＩＮＡＳＨＥＡＲＦｌＯＷＦＩＥＬＤＷｅｎＺｏｎｇ－ｙａｏ，ＭａＷｅｉｙｕａｎ，ＧａｏＴｉｅ，ＳｕｎＤａｇｏｎｇＤｅｐａ...     

脂质过氧化在老化大鼠急性胆源性肝细胞线粒体损害中的作用及维生素E的影响

目的：探讨脂质过氧化在老化大鼠胆源性肝细胞线粒体受损中及维生素Ｅ（ＶＥ）的保护作用。结果：老化大鼠非ＶＥ处理组（ＮＶＥＧ）肝细胞线粒体丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）含量明显高于非老化组，超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＰＤ）活性明显低于非老化组，过氧化氢酶（ＣＡＴ）无明显变化。１８和２４月龄ＶＥ处理组（ＶＥＧ）ＭＤＡ显著低于ＮＶＥＧ，ＳＯＤ和ＧＰＤ显著高于ＮＶＥＧ，并以１８月龄组为明显。急性梗阻性左肝胆管炎（ＡＯＬＨ）后ＭＤＡ水平明显高于对照组，间接致伤肝叶（ＩＡＬ）较直接致伤肝叶（ＤＡＬ）为明显；ＩＡＬ线粒体ＳＯＤ和ＣＡＴ活性均显著高于对照组，ＤＡＬ显著降低；各叶ＧＰＤ活性均显著低于对照组，ＩＡＬ和ＤＡＬ均无显著差别；以上改变以２４月龄组为明显。各月龄ＶＥＧＡＯＬＨ２４ｈ时ＩＡＬＭＤＡ含量明显低于ＮＶＥＧ；１８月龄ＶＥＧＡＯＬＨ后ＳＯＤ水平均明显高于ＮＶＥＧ；各月龄ＶＥＧ组ＡＯＰＨ后ＧＰＤ和ＣＡＴ活性与ＮＶＥＧ比较均无明显差异。结论：脂质过氧化是老化大鼠胆源性肝细胞线粒体受损的重要机制，ＶＥ具有明显的保护作用。     

反义Gαq/11亚基ODNs对平滑肌细胞DNA合成和PC蛋白表达的影响

目的：探讨Ｇｑ蛋白介导血管活性多肽对ｖＳＭＣＤＮＡ合成及增殖细胞核抗原（ＰＣＮＡ）蛋白表达的影响。方法：用硫代修饰的Ｇαｑ／１１亚基反义寡聚脱氧核苷酸（Ｇαｑ／１１ＡＳ－ＯＤＮｓ），以６μｍｏｌ／Ｌ的浓度加入含１０－７ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１ＥＴ－１刺激无血清ＤＭＥＭ培养基中体外培养ｖＳＭＣ。用３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入法测定ｖＳＭＣＤＮＡ合成、免疫细胞化学技术检测ｖＳＭＣＰＣＮＡ蛋白表达。结果：Ｇαｑ／１１ＡＳ－ＯＤＮｓ可明显抑制ｖＳＭＣＤＮＡ的合成，在１２ｈ，２４ｈ时抑制率分别为８４２％和８５３％；Ｇαｑ／１１ＡＳ－ＯＤＮｓ亦明显降低ｖＳＭＣＰＣＮＡ蛋白的表达。而相同浓度的正义Ｇαｑ／１１ＯＤＮｓ只呈现少量抑制作用。结论：本实验提示Ｇαｑ／１１ＡＳ－ＯＤＮｓ有可能进一步应用于由血管活性多肽刺激引起的ｖＳＭＣ增生性疾病如经皮冠脉腔内血管成形术（ＰＴＣＡ）后再狭窄的防治的研究     

一种用于血压控制的多模自适应算法及有效权初始位

一种用于血压控制的多模自适应算法及有效权初始位郑连清，程敬之（西安交通大学信控系，西安）ＡＭＵＬＴＩＰＬＥ－ＭＯＤＥＬＡＤＡＰＴＩＶＥＣＯＮＴＲＯＬＰＲＯＣＥＤＵＲＥＡＮＤＥＦＦＥＣＴＩＶＥＩＮＩＴＩＡＬＷＥＩＧＨＴＳＦＯＲＢＬＯＯＤＰＲＥＳＳＵＲＥ...     

分化诱导剂对人单核样白血病J6－2细胞凝集素结合及［~（125）I］UdR掺入的影响

将Ｊ６－２细胞分别用分化诱导剂ＧＭ＿３（５０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ）、ＤＭＳＯ（１．２％）处理６天、ＴＰＡ（１０ｎｇ／ｍｌ）处理３天，观察它们对１１种凝集素结合反应的影响。结果表明，经ＧＭ＿３处理后，Ｊ６－２细胞对凝集素结合反应增强的只有ＵＥＡ（－至＋），变弱的只有ＢＳＡ（＋＋至－），其余的都无变化。经ＤＭＳＯ处理后，结合反应变强的有ＵＥＡ（－至＋）及ＰＮＡ（－至＋＋），变弱的有ＢＳＡ（＋＋至－）及ＰＳＡ（＋＋至＋）。经ＴＰＡ处理后，结合反应变弱的有ＢＳＡ（＋＋至＋）、ＷＧＡ（＋＋至－）及ＲＣＡ（＋＋至＋），变强的有ＵＥＡ（－至＋）、ＳＢＡ（－至＋）及ＳＪＡ（－至＋＋）。对３种分化诱导剂处理后都无变化的有ＤＢＡ（－）、ＬＣＡ（＋＋）及ＣｏｎＡ（＋＋）。本文还观察到３种分化诱导剂都能抑制［￣１２５Ｉ］ＵｄＲ向Ｊ６－２细胞的掺入。     

A NEW ANALYTICAL METHOD FOR O_2 AND CO_2 TRANSFER IN SHELL-AND-TUBE(INTRA-LUMINALFLOW)OXYGEN AT ORS

ＡＮＥＷＡＮＡＬＹＴＩＣＡＬＭＥＴＨＯＤＦＯＲＯ２ＡＮＤＣＯ２ＴＲＡＮＳＦＥＲＩＮＳＨＥＬＬ－ＡＮＤ－ＴＵＢＥ（ＩＮＴＲＡ－ＬＵＭＩＮＡＬＦＬＯＷ）ＯＸＹＧＥＮＡＴＯＲＳＡＮＥＷＡＮＡＬＹＴＩＣＡＬＭＥＴＨＯＤＦＯＲＯ２ＡＮＤＣＯ２ＴＲＡＮＳＦＥＲＩ...     

当归对氧化低密度脂蛋白致内皮细胞分泌一氧化氮下降和细胞间粘附分子-I表达升高的影响

目的：探讨当归对氧化低密度脂蛋白（ＯＬＤＬ）致血管内皮细胞（ＶＥＣ）损伤的细胞保护作用。方法：以人脐静脉内皮细胞９ＨＵＶＥＣ）为实验模型,采用细胞培养,免疫组化等技术观察ＯＫＬＤＬ对ＶＥＣ分泌一氧化氮（ＮＯ）及细胞间粘分子－１（ＩＣＡＭ－１）表达的影响并研究当归的保护作用。结果：ＯＬＤＬ使ＥＣ分泌的ＮＯ显著降低,ＩＣＡＭ－１的表达显著升高。当归明显忱一作用,而阿托品能阻断当归的作用结论：当归能拮抗     

LINED CAVAL-ILIAC VENOUS PROSTHESES WITH CULTURED AUTOLOGOUS ENDOTHELIAL CELLS IN NON-HUMAN PRIMATE

ＬＩＮＥＤＣＡＶＡＬ－ＩＬＩＡＣＶＥＮＯＵＳＰＲＯＳＴＨＥＳＥＳＷＩＴＨＣＵＬＴＵＲＥＤＡＵＴＯＬＯＧＯＵＳＥＮＤＯＴＨＥＬＩＡＬＣＥＬＬＳＩＮＮＯＮ－ＨＵＭＡＮＰＲＩＭＡＴＥＬＩＮＥＤＣＡＶＡＬ－ＩＬＩＡＣＶＥＮＯＵＳＰＲＯＳＴＨＥＳＥＳＷＩＴＨＣ...     

Schizophrenia in a North Swedish geographical isolate, 1900–1977. Epidemiology, genetics and biochemistry

Over 200 schizophrenic patients belonging to three major and interrelated pedigree complexes have been investigated over the past 30 years in a North Swedish geographically isolated population, presently numbering about 6,000. An intensive investigation of a number of biochemical correlates and genetic markers in a few selected families belonging to one of the major pedigrees has indicated new strategies for the current research program.
Schizophrenia, as defined operationally, is significantly associated with decreased activities of two enzymes (1) blood platelet monoamine oxidase, (2) plasma dopamine-β-hydroxylase, and (3) with the genetic marker Gc² (group specific antigen). Both enzymes are subject to genetic variation. A positive score for linkage between schizophrenia and low plasma DBH activity has been calculated, but, so far, available data are insufficient for discrimination between linkage and partial contribution of genetically controlled low plasma DBH to the pathogenesis of the disease. Alternatively, both mechanisms could be involved.
As a model for continued research, schizophrenia is explained as based on a double dominant-recessive genotype (Aabb), representing a vulnerability which in about 50 % of cases develops into clinical schizophrenia. It is suggested that the dominant mutation (A) operates on or affects MAO activity, and that the recessive genotype (bb) is instrumental in low variates of DBH activity and very likely such variates within the normal range of physiological variation. Moreover, it is suggested that the combined effects of MAO- and DBH-reduced efficiency on the metabolism of e.g. dopamine could be an essential pathogenic mechanism for the schizophrenic illness which is segregating in this population.     

Renal dysplasia and asplenia in two sibs

A family is reported in which two sibs, one male and the other female, both died within 24 hours of birth with enlarged polycystic kidneys. Postmortem histology in the second child showed gross renal dysplasia. In both children the pancreas was enlarged, nodular and cystic but the liver appeared macroscopically normal. In the second child, histological examination confirmed pancreatic fibrosis with cystic dilation of ducts, but showed portal fibrosis with bile duct proliferation in the liver.
This combination of findings is very reminiscent of those in a girl and her brother reported by Ivemark et al. (1959). The children reported here also showed absence or hypoplasia of the spleen, cardiac anomalies and other features of the Ivemark syndrome (Ivemark 1955), a quite different, usually sporadic, congenital disorder. It is suggested that the children described here have a distinct lethal congenital disorder, probably inherited in an autosomal recessive manner.     

The dominant diseases of modernized societies as omega-3 essential fatty acid deficiency syndrome: Substrate beriberi

About 1900, modern food selection and processing caused widespread $\text{epidemics}$ of the B vitamin deficiency diseases of beriberi and pellagra which, for genetic reasons, often expressed as different diseases ranging from bowel and heart disease to dermatoses and psychoses. But the B vitamins merely help convert essential fatty acids (EFA) into the prostaglandin (PG) tissue regulators and it now turns out that, through hydrogenation, milling and selection of w3-poor southern foods, we have also been systematically depleting, by as much as 90%, a newly discovered trace Nordic EFA (w3) of special importance to primates and sole precursor of the PG3(4) series, even as a concurrent fiber deficiency increases body demand for EFA. Since substrate EFA is processed by many B vitamin catalysts, an EFA deficiency will mimic a $\text{panh}$ypovitaminosis B, i.e., a mixture of $\text{substrate}$ beriberi and $\text{substrate}$ pellagra resembling vitamin beriberi and pellagra but exhibiting as even more diverse $\text{endemic}$ disease. This would consitute a second stage of the Modern Malnutrition and explain why some workers now hold the dominant diseases of modermized societies to be new, nutritionally based, pellagraform yet lipid-related and to range, once again, from heart disease to psychosis. It is an assumption that our dominant diseases are unrelated to each other or are merely revealed by our diagnostic acumen and therapeutic success; and that hydrogenating millions of tons of food oils annually, to destroy the rancidity producing w3-EFA, is safe for $\text{primates}$. Extensive beriberiform disease is reported here in 32 typical cases taken from medical practice which responds strikingly to linseed oil supplements (60% w3-EFA) in confirmation of identical results in Capuchins.     

'Very sore nights and days': the child's experience of illness in early modern England, c.1580-1720

Sick children were ubiquitous in early modern England, and yet they have received very little attention from historians. Taking the elusive perspective of the child, this article explores the physical, emotional, and spiritual experience of illness in England between approximately 1580 and 1720. What was it like being ill and suffering pain? How did the young respond emotionally to the anticipation of death? It is argued that children’s experiences were characterised by profound ambivalence: illness could be terrifying and distressing, but also a source of emotional and spiritual fulfilment and joy. This interpretation challenges the common assumption amongst medical historians that the experiences of early modern patients were utterly miserable. It also sheds light on children’s emotional feelings for their parents, a subject often overlooked in the historiography of childhood. The primary sources used in this article include diaries, autobiographies, letters, the biographies of pious children, printed possession cases, doctors’ casebooks, and theological treatises concerning the afterlife.     

Guidelines for the Validation and Use of Immunoassays for Determination of Introduced Proteins in Biotechnology Enhanced Crops and Derived Food Ingredients

Recent advancements in agricultural biotechnology have created a need for analytical techniques to determine introduced proteins in crops enhanced through modern biotechnology techniques. These proteins are expressed in plant tissues and may be present in food ingredients. Immunoassays are ideally suited for protein detection and may be used as both quantitative and threshold methods. Microplate ELISA and lateral flow devices are two of the most commonly used immunoassay formats for agricultural biotechnology applications. This paper provides general background information and a discussion of criteria for the validation and application of immunochemical methods to the analysis of proteins introduced into plants and food ingredients using biotechnology methods. It is the result of a collaborative effort of members of the Analytical Environmental Immunochemical Consortium. This collaborative effort represents the combined expertise of several organizations to reach consensus on establishing guidelines for the validation and use of immunoassays. Further, the paper offers developers and users a consistent approach to adopting the technology as well as aid in producing accurate and meaningful results.     

HLA in North Colombia Chimila Amerindians

HLA-A,-B,-C,-DRB1 and -DQB1 alleles have been studied in Chimila Amerindians from Sabana de San Angel (North Colombian Coast) by using high resolution molecular typing. A frequent extended haplotype was found:HLA-A*24:02-B*51:10-C*15:02-BRB1*04:07-DQB1*03:02 (28.7%) which has also been described in Amerinndian Mayos Mexican population (Mexico, California Gulf, Pacific Ocean). Other haplotypes had already been found in Amerindians from Mexico (Pacific and Atlantic Coast), Peru (highlands and Amazon Basin), Bolivia and North USA. A geographic pattern according to HLA allele or haplotype frequencies is lacking in Amerindians, as already known. Also, five new extended haplotypes were found in Chimila Amerindians. Their HLA-A*24:02 high frequencies characteristic is shared with aboriginal populations of Taiwan; also, HLA-C*01:02 high frequencies are found in New Zealand Maoris, New Caledonians and Kimberly Aborigines from Australia. Finally, this study may show a model of evolutionary factors acting and rising one HLA allele frequency (-A*24:02), but not in others that belong to the same or different HLA loci.     

Ultracryotomy: development and application (with examples from the yeast cytology) (author's transl)

The preparation steps usually necessary for obtaining ultrathin frozen sections of biological material (chemical prefixation, enclosing, cryoprotective treatment, freezing, sectioning, and post-staining the sections for transmission electron microscopy) are submitted to a critical analysis. The application of cryo-ultramicrotomy, in particularly for cytochemical purposes, is reviewed. Fundamental considerations of chemical prefixation and poststaining are supported by examples from yeast cytology. Furthermore, the efficiency of the cryo-ultramicrotomy (electron optical resolution of ultrastructural details) is demonstrated on yeast cells and protoplasts.     

The universal muscular chamber. A basic unit of the genitourinary, cardiovascular, gastro-intestinal, skeletal, cutaneous, respiratory and other systems, endocameral hypertension; and spasm, the key to their idiopathic diseases and arthropathies

Starting with the integument, we see many organs are contractile sacs or multiples thereof, which tubes or bags constitute the major part of the entire body. Recognition of this basic unit and its characteristics sheds new light, individually and collectively, on many disorders previously considered unrelated. Muscular tears and perforations develop in the walls of these chambers, being no way peculiar to those organs, wherein, hydrochloric acid occurs. So, it is not necessary to explain the absence of excessive acid from patients who exhibit holes in the gastric, uterine, aortic, duodenal, rectal, pulmonary, retina, and other walls. Muscle, not acid is the great common factor relating idiopathic disorders in the gastrointestinal tract to each other and to similar diseases in other systems. When the units are linked together, the lesions tend to appear as arthropathies, i.e. at the joints. Rephrasing common-place observations, frees us from conventional, conceptual cul-de-sacs. An observation is only as good as its interpretation, so all possibilities must be considered, otherwise, we will remain blinded by our misconceptions.     

Der Einfluß von Nahrungsmitteln und Rauchen auf die klinisch-chemische Diagnostik von Phäochromozytom,Neuroblastom und Karzinoid-Syndrom

Zusammenfassung Der Einfluß von verschiedenen Nahrungsmitteln auf Methoden zur Bestimmung von Adrenalin (AD), Noradrenalin (NA), Vanillinmandelsäure (VMS), Metanephrinen (MN), Homovanillinsäure (HVS) und 5-Hydroxyindolessigsäure (5-HIE) im 24 h-Harn zur Diagnose des Phäochromozytoms bzw. Karzinoid-Syndroms wurde untersucht. Die in die Untersuchung einbezogenen Nahrungsmittel waren: Tee, Kaffee, Mandeln, Ananas, Käse, Walnüsse, Vanillepudding, Bananen, Tomaten und Milchschokolade. Außerdem wurde der Einfluß des Zigarettenrauchens auf die Bestimmung von AD, NA, VMS und MN untersucht.Walnüsse führten zu einer starken Erhöhung der 5-HIE-Ausscheidung. Bananen erhöhten die Ausscheidung von AD, NA, VMS, MN und 5-HIE. Kaffee und Ananas bewirkten eine geringe Zunahme der MN-Werte. Rauchen von 20–30 Zigaretten/Tag beeinflußte keine der vier Variablen.Wenn die beschriebenen Methoden benutzt werden, sollte lediglich auf den Verzehr von Bananen und Walnüssen vor und während der Harnsammelperioden verzichtet werden, da die oberen Normgrenzen im Harn überschritten werden könnten. Ein Verzicht auf Kaffee und Ananas in normalen Mengen ist nicht erforderlich. Es besteht kein Anlaß, weiterhin die bisherigen umfangreichen Restriktionen der übrigen Nahrungsmittel beizubehalten.