反相高效液相色谱法测定血浆中普萘洛尔的浓度

以硫酸奎宁为内标，反相ＨＰＬＣ－ＵＶ法定量测定血浆中普萘洛尔的含量。固定相为Ｓｐｈｅｒｉｓｏｒｂ５ＯＤＳ（２），流动相为甲醇－水－０．２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ磷酸二氢钾（１００：１５：１）。紫外检测波长为２３２ｎｍ。检测浓度可低达１０ｎｇ／ｍｌ。线性范围为１０～２００ｎｇ／ｍｌ（ｒ＝０．９９９７）。本法灵敏，准确，简便，可用于血浆普萘洛尔测定及其药代动力学研究。     

HLPC法测定血中茶碱浓度

尊文建立了一种流动相为甲醇－乙腈－０．０１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ乙酸（７．５：７．５：８５）的ＨＰＬＣ法测定血清茶碱浓度，ＯＤＳ Ｃ－１８反相色谱柱，柱温３０℃，流动相流速１．５ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ，ＵＶ／ｖｉｓ检测器。检测波长２７８ｎｍ。用外标法测量。血清样品用氯仿／异丙醇（９５：５）提取，水浴蒸干，甲醇５０μｌ重溶。茶碱保留时间约４．８０ｍｉｎ；标准曲线回归方程Ｙ＝０．６０８３＋０．３８６６ｘ．ｒ＝０．９９８１；     

荧光偏振免疫测定法与紫外分光光疫法对茶碱血药浓度测定的相关性比较

对３１个血样采用荧光偏振免疫测定法（ＦＰＩＡ）与紫外分光光度法（ＵＶ）法进行茶碱血药浓度监测，并比较两种方法对测定结果的准确程度。结果表明，ＦＰＩＡ法与ＵＶ法测定的茶碱的平均血药浓度分别为６．５３４±２．９０５μｇ／ｍｌ，５．７８９±２．５４１μｇ／ｍｌ，其比率为０．８９７±０．１７６（Ｃ（ＵＶ）／Ｃ（ＦＰＩＡ））。以Ｃ（ＦＰＩＡ）为Ｙ，Ｃ（ＵＶ）为Ｘ，进行线性回归。回归方程为Ｙ＝０．５５４＋１．０３３Ｘ（ｒ＝０．９０３８），在统计学上Ｃ（ＦＰＩＡ）与Ｃ（ＵＶ）之间有显著性差异，（Ｐ＜０．０１）。     

HPLC法测定冬虫夏草中腺苷含量

采用甲醇为溶剂,提取冬虫夏草及其虫体、子座中的核苷类成分,用ＨＰＬＣ法测定腺苷的含量;色谱条件以μＢｏｎｄａｐａｋ Ｃ_(１８)（４．６ ｍｍ × ２５０ ｍｍ,１０μｍ）为色谱柱,０．０１ ｍｏｌ／Ｌ磷酸二氢钠-磷酸氢二钠缓冲液（ｐＨ６．５）－ 甲醇（８５： １５）为流动相,检测波长 ＵＶ２６０ ｎｍ,ｒ＝０．９９９９,线性范围 ０．２～１μｇ,回收率１０４．５％。     

HPLC法测定SHR血清中硝苯地平浓度及其药代动力学研究

目的建立血清中硝苯地平浓度的ＨＰＬＣ测定法，研究其在自发性高血压大鼠（ＳＨＲ）体内的药动学。方法ＳＨＲ灌胃给与硝苯地平１０ｍｇ／ｋｇ，用ＨＰＬＣ法测定硝苯地平血清浓度。用乙酸乙酯提取出血清中的硝苯地平，在５０℃水浴中用氮气吹干，残渣用流动相溶解后进样。选用ｓｈｉｍＰａｃｋＣＬＣ－ＯＤＳ柱，甲醇－水（６∶４）作流动相，检测波长２３５ｎｍ。结果：硝苯地平最低检出浓度为０．０２μｇ／ｍｌ，标准曲线线性范围为０．０２～５．０μｇ／ｍｌ（ｒ＝０．９９９７），血样平均回收率为９８．０９％。硝苯地平在大鼠体内的药动学符合一定开放模型，其参数为Ｔ１／２ｋａ＝０．８２８±０．５５ｈ，Ｔ１／２ｋｅ＝３．１７±２．３２ｈ，Ｔｍａｘ＝２．１２±１．４７ｈ，Ｃｍａｘ＝２．７８±１．５０μｇ／ｍｌ和ＡＵＣ＝２４．５±２９．２ｈ·μｇ／ｍｌ。结论本法能满足血清中硝苯地平浓度测定及药动学研究的需要。     

高效液相色谱法测定氟氧头孢的血药浓度

建立了测定氟氧头孢血药浓度的ＨＰＬＣ法。采用Ｈｙｐｅｒｓｌｌ Ｃ１８色 柱,以甲醇－乙腈－水－磷酸－三乙胺（１６：６７８：０．２８：０．４）为流动相,流速为１．０ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ,检测波长２７０ｎｍ灵敏度０．０５ＡＵＦＳ。该法线性范围为０．２５～１００μｇ／ｍｌ（ｒ－０．９９９８）,回事率大于９３％,日内、日间ＲＳＤ小于８．０％。     

高效液相色谱法测定克拉霉素干混悬剂中克拉霉素的含量

采用ＲＰ－ＨＰＬＣ法测定克拉霉素干混悬剂中克拉霉素的含量。色谱柱为μ－ＢｏｎｄａｐａｒｋＣ１８柱,流动相为ｐＨ６．０的Ｖ（０．０６７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ磷酸二氢钾）：Ｖ（乙腈）：Ｖ（甲醇）＝６３：３２：５,检测波长２１０ｎｍ。在１００￣７００μｇ／ｍＬ范围内,浓度与峰面积线性关系良好（ｒ＝０．９９９２）。克拉霉素的平均回收率为１０１．７％,ＲＳＤ＝１．１％,ｎ＝６。方法简便,精密度好。     

环丙沙星血药浓度的高效液相色谱法测定及人体药代动力学

本文建立了一种反相高效液相色谱（ＨＰＬＣ）测定环丙沙星血药浓度的方法。固定相为５μｍＵｌｆｒａｓｐｈｅｒｅ－ＯＤＳ，流动相为柠檬酸，醋酸钠与０．１％的三乙胺组成的缓冲液，乙腈，流速１ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ，室温ＵＶ检测波长２７８ｎｍ。线性范围０．１２５－１６．０μｇ／ｍｌ，ｒ＝０．９９９７，最低检测限０．０２５μｇ／ｍｌ。５例感洒病人的ＣＰＦ药时曲线用非房室模型拟合动力学参数结果：ＡＵＣ＝１１．１±２．８ｍ     

高效液相色谱法测定舒他西林片中氨苄青霉素的血药浓度及药动学研究

采用ＨＰＬＣ－荧光检测法测定舒他西林片中氨苄青霉素的血药浓度，采用ＳｐｈｅｒｉｓｏｒｂＯＤＳ柱，流动相为磷酸盐缓冲液（０．０５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，ｐＨ＝４．０）－乙腈（７８２２，Ｖ／Ｖ），标准曲线范围０．２２～１３．８９μｇ／ｍｌ，ｒ＝０．９９９７，保留时间为７．３ｍｉｎ，回收率大于９５％，日内和日间差小于７％，最低检测浓度为０．２２μｇ／ｍｌ，无内源性杂质干扰。９名受试者的主要药动学参数：Ｔ１／２＝１．０４±０．２２ｈ，Ｃｍａｘ＝１２．３５±３．１３μｇ／ｍｌ，Ｔｍａｘ＝０．８３±０．４５ｈ，ＡＵＣ＝１９．４９±３．４６μｇｈ／ｍｌ。     

反相HPLC法快速测定人血清中抗坏血酸含量

应用ＵｌｔｒａｓｐｈｅｒｅＯｃｔｙｌ柱，建立了快速测定人血清中抗坏血酸含量的反相ＨＰＬＣ法。流动相为醋酸盐缓冲液（ｐＨ５．２５）。电化学检测器用碳膜电极和甘汞参比电极，工作电压＋０．６０Ｖ，灵敏度１００ｎＡ／Ｖ。抗坏血酸的平均回收率为１００．４６％，日内（ｎ＝５）和日间（ｎ＝８）的平均变异系数分别为３．８５％和６．８０％。最低检出浓度为０．１３６μｇ／ｍｌ，线性范围０．１３６μｇ／ｍｌ～１３．６μｇ／ｍｌ（ｎ＝９，ｒ＝０．９９９９）。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.