下肢骨折后膝关节的功能锻炼

BACKGROUND:In treatment of fracture of lower limb, clinical healing of fracture needs a long time after replace and immobilization. But clinical healing does not represent complete recovery of joint function.Knee ankylosis or stiffness could happen if not treated properly in this term.     

胸腰椎爆裂骨折并术后功能训练对脊髓功能恢复的作用

INTRODUCTION Thoracic and lumbar vertebrae fracture accompanied with spinal cordinjury is rarely seen in clinics. Most of the scholars taken operation toreplace, to return normal volume of the vertebral cannal, to regen-erate stability of the spine and to promote early recovery of spine andrehabilitation[1], thus make a better clinical effects.     

残根和残冠的修复与咀嚼功能

1 The evidences of the reparation of residual roots and residual crowns and the clinical significances Lots of patients have severe physical and mental pain and life quality decrease resulted from the extraction of residual roots and residual crowns. With science development, new material application and designing method promotion, several artificial teeth have replaced the extraction of teeth. In some degree, the method have relieved the pain of no teeth.     

改良型Dewar手术治疗肩锁关节完全脱位及术后的关节功能恢复

BACKGROUND:Many scholars have reported the clinical practices and effect of Dewar operation,otherwise pain and dysfunction often occur after operation.     

温经汤对睾丸功能障碍恢复的实验研究

Background: Anticancer drug－ induced testicular injury received great attention from urinary surgeons. Cyclophophamide (CPM) used for urinary tumors could injury testicle. Wenjingtang improves testicular function. We analyzed clinical effect of Wenjingtang in the current study. Objective: To investigate effect of Wenjingtang on recovery of testicular dysfunction. Unit: Dept.Urinary Surgery,General hospital of Shenyang Military Region. Subjects:15 male white mice aged 10 weeks were equally divided into 3 groups, control group, CPM group, Wenjingtang group.     

改良腭弓矫治后牙锁节对后牙功能恢复的影响

Background: Buccal teeth occlusion lock is a kind of common malocclusion malformation in orthodonic clinic. Traditional treatment to buccal teeth occlusion lock is interactive traction of upper and lower buccal teeth.This treatment had shortcoming such as insufficient anchorage and elongation of buccal teeth.We adopted promote fix palatine arch therapy, which recovery patients' occlusion function by clinical observation.     

临床护生对《护士条例》解读的分析及对策

Objective To understand the cognition level and attitude of the clinical student nurses to the knowledge of the law of nurses. Methods A questionnaire concerning the law of nurses knowledge was made and the questionnaires were distributed among the nurse students in a third grade hospital. Results The clinical nurse students of the knowledge of the law of nurses was moderate level according to the average score 5.779 among 182 student nurses. It had showed that high educational background students had more score. It was obviously different between junior nurses, intermediate nurses and senior nurses (P＜0.001 ) . The attitude of the clinical nurse students to the knowledge of the law of nurses also was evidently difference. 145 students (86.31%) considered the learning was necessary, 14 students (8.33%) had the opposite opinion. Conclusions It has been manifested that clinical teachers should use diversified way to improve the nurse students' cognition in order to have better basic in future clinical nursing work since their knowledge of the law of nurses is not so good.     

临床护生对《护士条例》解读的分析及对策

Objective To understand the cognition level and attitude of the clinical student nurses to the knowledge of the law of nurses. Methods A questionnaire concerning the law of nurses knowledge was made and the questionnaires were distributed among the nurse students in a third grade hospital. Results The clinical nurse students of the knowledge of the law of nurses was moderate level according to the average score 5.779 among 182 student nurses. It had showed that high educational background students had more score. It was obviously different between junior nurses, intermediate nurses and senior nurses (P＜0.001 ) . The attitude of the clinical nurse students to the knowledge of the law of nurses also was evidently difference. 145 students (86.31%) considered the learning was necessary, 14 students (8.33%) had the opposite opinion. Conclusions It has been manifested that clinical teachers should use diversified way to improve the nurse students' cognition in order to have better basic in future clinical nursing work since their knowledge of the law of nurses is not so good.     

Study On ICU Clinic Information Administration System

Objective Purpose By the main line of imminent patient's clinical process,we estab-lished the whole process,whole position administrative information flow;establishing ICU clinical infor-mation data base provided scientific basis and guidance for treatment,nursing,teaching and study.Method By special technology strength of computer,we carried out scientific and systematical study oncollection,classification,storage,analysis,statistics and output of ICU clinical information.     

高压氧对脑梗死患者血浆SOD和CRP的影响及临床意义

Objective To study the effect of hyperbaric oxygenation(HBO) therapy on the activities of serum SOD and CRP of patients with cerebral infarction and its clinical significance. Methods 78 patients with cerebral infarction were randomly divided into hyperbaric oxygen group (HBO Group, 40 cases)and clinical group (38 cases). The clinical group was treated with clinical conventional treatment only. HBO group was treated with HBO combined with clinical conventional treatment. 21 healthy volunteers were assigned to control group. Before and after treatment, the activities of serum SOD and CRP level were measured, and the curative effect were evaluated. Results The pretreatment serum SOD and CRP of the HBO group and clinical group were significantly different from the control group (P＜ 0. 01). Compared with the pretreatment and posttreatment serum level of the HBO group, SOD raised, CRP lowered, the difference was significant(P＜ 0. 01).Compared with clinical group, SOD raised, CRP lowered and the total cure rate of the HBO group were more significant different(P ＜0.01). Conclusion HBO therapy raised the activities of SOD and lower the level of CRP in serum of the patients with cerebral infarction, and improved the free radicals scavenging ability in the body. Therefore, HBO therapy has a good effect for cerebral infarction. The experiment suggests that the activities of SOD and CRP level in serum can be used to judge the curative effect and prognosis of HBO therapy for cerebral infarction.     

惊恐障碍临床路径表的构建

目的构建适用于惊恐障碍患者的临床路径表。方法成立临床路径小组,在文献回顾、病历回顾的基础上,构建临床路径初步框架,结合专家意见及临床实际调查,以循证医学为基础制定惊恐障碍临床路径表。结果确定临床路径表的框架、诊疗计划项目、常规医嘱项目、非医嘱项目和标准住院时间,最终设计出以标准住院时间为21d的惊恐障碍临床路径表。结论通过循证的方法构建的惊恐障碍临床路径表,能指导惊恐障碍患者的诊疗和护理。     

综合医院护理人员临床教学能力调查分析

[目的]了解护理人员临床教学能力现状,探讨提高护理人员临床教学水平的对策。[方法]采用问卷调查法对我院129名临床护理带教教师进行调查。[结果]临床护理带教教师教学能力尚有差距,66.1%带教教师尚未接受系统临床护理教学师资培训,43.5%教师主持大科或科内的护理教学查房,仅有4.8%的教师发表临床护理教学研究的相关论著。[结论]护理人员临床教学能力不能完全满足临床教学需求,提高临床护理教师教学能力、培养高质量的临床护理教学师资是提高临床护理教学质量的关键。     

影响护理临床教学质量的因素及对策

为了提高护理临床教学质量,从影响临床教学质量的临床教学目标、临床教师选择、临床教学环境和临床教学方法4个方面进行分析研究,提出规范教学目标,加强目标控制;培养临床专职教师,创新教学方法;加强临床教学环境建设等方面加以改进.     

新时期带教老师培训策略和效果探讨

目的 探讨新时期对带教老师培训的策略和效果。方法 建立系统规范的带教老师培训体系，选取先进的内容，采用科学的培训方法，从1996－2001年正举办带教老师培训班8期。结果 带教老师综合素质明显提高，表现为护士对带教老师的评价优，以及教师积极参与教学改革，成成果多；促进了教学质量的提高，体现为学生的综合考评成绩优良，病人对学生的评价优良。结论 科学地对带教老师进行现代理论、知识和技能的培训是促进临床教学改革、提高教学质量的关键。     

建立学生导师制提高护理本科生临床实习质量

目的评价在本科护生临床实习中建立学生导师制提高护理本科生的临床实习质量。方法选取临床实习的护理本科生,选择讲师以上的专业临床护理教师作为导师,将循证护理引入实习教学,导师负责本科生的课题研究,采用新式“全程考试”模式,加强临床实习的管理。结果此方法激发了护理本科学生的学习兴趣和求知欲,提高了科研能力和综合素质,有利于临床工作能力的培养。结论在护理本科生实习中实行导师制可以普遍提高护理本科生的临床护理质量。     

Clinical trials methods and the practice of medicine

An important potential byproduct from clinical trials is validated clinical methods applicable to clinical practice. The potential for improved patient care is separate from the scientific and intellectual answers gained in such trials. The current mechanisms for the transfer of methodological information from clinical trials are inefficient and have identifiable barriers. Methods validated in clinical trials must be recognized and accentuated as a valuable resource. A central repository of clinical trials' methods and a retrieval system dedicated to this unique body of scientific literature is warranted. Reports of methodological advances from clinical trials should be published in the literature read by clinical practitioners. The effective transfer of methods information from clinical trials to the office of the clinical practitioner is possible but requires increased efforts on the part of clinical trials scientists.     

对护理临床教师实施量化考核管理的实践研究

目的客观、公平、公正地评价护理临床教师的带教工作,以提高临床护理教学质量。方法从带教工作量、授课质量、学生满意度、教学创新等方面制订教学考核评价细则,建立各项考核记录,采取积分制对临床护理教师进行考核。结果实施量化考核后,护理教学质量及护理实习生出科考核成绩提高(P<0.05)。结论量化考核能够客观、公平、公正地评价临床教师,调动他们的工作热情,提高护理临床教学质量。     

Outcomes of National Institutes of Health peer review of clinical grant applications.

PURPOSE: We previously reported that National Institutes of Health (NIH) peer review outcomes in 2002 were slightly but significantly less favorable for grant applications for clinical research than for laboratory research. The present analysis was undertaken to determine if factors related to the review process might contribute to this difference. METHODS: The impact of each of the following factors on median priority scores and funding rates for clinical and nonclinical R01 grant applications was evaluated: (1) the percentage of clinical applications assigned for review to a study section, (2) the requested direct costs, and (3) the clinical research experience of the reviewers. RESULTS: Confirming our previous observation, in both 1994 and 2004, median priority scores and funding rates for R01 applications were less favorable for clinical research. In 1994, clinical applications did not fare as well in study sections reviewing relatively low percentages of clinical applications. This was not the case in 2004. Although requested direct costs were greater for clinical than for nonclinical R01 applications, median priority scores within each category were actually more favorable for applications requesting greater funding. Assignment of priority scores was not different for reviewers with or without experience conducting clinical research. CONCLUSION: These data do not support the hypothesis that the less favorable review outcomes for clinical applications are related to these review factors. We suggest that peer review outcomes for clinical research will benefit from the recent refinement of NIH review criteria, emphasizing the unique contributions of clinical investigation, and from increased training opportunities for clinical investigators.     

临床护理教师能力评价指标的研究进展

从临床教学的概念、临床护理教师能力评价方式、临床护理教师能力评价指标、临床护理教师评价量表4个方面阐述了临床护理教师能力评价指标的研究进展。     

临床护理教师能力评价指标的研究进展

从临床教学的概念、临床护理教师能力评价方式、临床护理教师能力评价指标、临床护理教师评价量表4个方面阐述了临床护理教师能力评价指标的研究进展。