囊袋阻滞综合征治疗前后的超声生物显微镜观察

囊袋阻滞综合征（capsular block syndrome,CBS）是连续环形撕囊、囊袋内人工晶状体植入术的罕见并发症,超声生物显微镜（uhrasound biomicroscope,UBM）可获得类似于眼前段组织切片的二维超声图像,尤其适合于眼前段结构的观察。本研究应用UBM分析5例CBS治疗前后的图像特征,旨在为临床诊断及治疗提供参考依据。     

糖尿病视网膜病变激光治疗术后的超声生物显微镜观察

目的 应用超声生物显微镜( ultrasound bimicroscopy,UBM)观察糖尿病视网膜病变(diabetic retinopathy,DR)激光治疗术后眼前节变化. 方法 收集糖尿病视网膜病变激光治疗患者116例(197眼),激光治疗术前、术后均经UBM检查,观察术前术后睫状体结构. 结果 应用UBM观察显示,DR患者术前均无睫状体脱离,激光术后并发睫状体脱离者81例(134眼),发生率为68％. 结论 DR激光术后易发生睫状体脱离,应重视激光术后早期眼前段结构的观察.     

国产UBM测量闭角型青光眼前段结构的准确性

目的探讨国产超声生物显微镜（UBM）对闭角型青光眼眼前段结构测量的准确性。方法应用BME-300型UBM对40例（80只眼）闭角型青光眼的角膜厚度、前房深度、晶状体厚度进行测量,计算校正值,并与A超测量结果进行比较。结果未进行校正之前,UBM与A超的角膜厚度、前房深度、晶状体厚度测量值之间均存在显著性差异（t=8.853～2.777,P〈0.01）。校正之后前房深度、晶状体厚度与A超测量结果比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,但UBM所测角膜厚度明显大于A超所测结果（t=23.508,P〈0.01）。结论UBM测量所得眼前段数据应根据公式进行校正;在前房深度、晶状体厚度的测量中UBM与A超一致性较好,角膜厚度测量两者之间差异较大。     

超声生物显微镜联合B超检查和诊断视网膜脱离合并睫状体脉络膜脱离

目的　探讨视网膜脱离合并脉络膜脱离超声生物显微镜 (ultrasound biomicroscope,UBM)联合 B型超声检查的影像学特征及联合检查的意义。方法　对临床诊断为孔源性视网膜脱离合并脉络膜脱离的连续病例12例 12只眼全部进行 B型超声和 UBM检查 ,分析其结果。结果　 UBM联合 B超检查发现脉络膜视网膜脱离多合并 36 0°睫状体脱离 ,患眼多有明显的葡萄膜炎和浅前房。 8只眼合并部分睫状体分离。结论　 UBM联合 B超检查可以准确地诊断视网膜睫状体脉络膜脱离的严重程度 ,对全面了解患眼的病理生理 ,对指导治疗、手术方案 ,估计手术预后具有重要的临床意义。     

巩膜瓣下深层纵形小梁切除术的超声生物显微镜观察

目的通过超声生物显微镜(UBM)观察巩膜瓣下深层纵形小梁切除术后的房角情况并探讨其术式的降眼压机制。方法采用巩膜瓣下深层纵形小梁切除术对患各种不同类型青光眼的85名患者进行手术治疗,在术后检查以及其后的随访期间使用加拿大OTI Scan1000型超声生物显微镜观察其术眼并监测眼压,随访时间3~30个月,平均(7.9±6.2)个月。结果UBM观察术后均形成明显弥散性滤过泡,平均眼压(14.22±3.62)mmHg。随访过程中,54眼有功能性滤泡;16眼术后2~3个月功能性滤过泡消失。结论UBM检查能直观地了解巩膜瓣下深层纵形小梁切除术后的眼前段状态,并能对该手术的降眼压效果及术后远期疗效作出评估。     

青光眼急性发作期睫状体脱离的超声生物显微镜观察

目的 评价超声生物显微镜（ultrasound bio-microscopy,UBM）在原发性急性闭角型青光眼急性发作期睫状体脱离诊断中的应用价值.方法 对原发性急性闭角型青光眼急性发作期患者入院及术前常规行UBM检查,诊断睫状体脱离,并对睫状体脱离的高度、范围及与眼压的关系进行分析.结果 应用UBM检查原发性急性闭角型青光眼急性发作期1 556只眼,并发睫状体脱离者904只眼,脱离高度0.2～3.5 mm,脱离范围360度者868只眼,36只眼为象限性,与未脱离眼相比前房深度明显变浅.结论 UBM检查对原发性急性闭角型青光眼急性发作期睫状体脱离具有较高的诊断价值,并可为临床提供可靠依据.     

睫状体剥离的超声诊断特征

目的探讨睫状体剥离的形态学改变。方法分别应用超声生物显微镜（UBM）、彩色多普勒超声显像仪、眼科A／B型超声诊断仪、前房角镜对172例186只眼睫状体剥离的形态进行观察。结果186只患眼均经UBM、彩色多普勒超声显像仪、眼科A／B超声诊断仪、房角镜检查，睫状体剥离的诊断率分别为100％、88％、55％、35％。结论UBM应为睫状体剥离诊断金标准；彩色多普勒超声诊断仪诊断率较高，尤其适宜眼科临床推广；B超诊断率较低，但对条件有限的单位仍应列为一种检查手段；房角镜检查局限性较多，但为唯一的光学检查手段，定位准确，应与其他方法联合应用。     

超声生物显微镜技术在原发性急性闭角型青光眼晶体半脱位诊断中的应用

目的应用超声生物显微镜（UBM）技术检查原发性急性闭角型青光眼晶体半脱位的特点,探讨UBM在原发性急性闭角型青光眼晶体半脱位的临床诊断中的应用。方法选取2010年1月至2011年12月我科收治的12例（12眼）原发性急性闭角型青光眼晶体半脱位患者的临床资料,对这些患者进行裂隙灯、眼底镜、非接触眼压及UBM检查,用UBM测量晶体半脱位的范围和程度,分析UBM技术在本组患者诊断方面的应用。结果所有患者的诊断明确,12例（12眼）中,晶体半脱住范围为90～120;眼压21—29mmHg者2眼,眼压大于30mmHg者10眼。最佳矫正视力0．1以下者4眼,0．1—0．3者7眼,0．3以上者1眼。结论UBM作为一种客观检查方法,在急性闭角型青光眼晶体半脱位患者的诊断过程中发挥着重要的作用,利用其可以有效检查和判断出患者晶体半脱位的程度和范围。     

超声生物显微镜在眼睫状体疾病诊断中的应用及相关新技术

超声生物显微镜（UBM）是一种利用超高频超声对眼前节组织结构进行实时动态观察的超声新技术,该技术对睫状体的检测具有独到的优势,本文就近年来UBM在眼睫状体疾病诊断中的应用进行总结,并将与UBM相关的多种新技术作一综述。     

房角镜与超声生物显微镜在闭角型青光眼诊断中的相关性研究

目的探讨房角镜与超声生物显微镜（UBM）在闭角型青光眼诊断中的相关性，探索提高房角镜临床应用价值的相关改进方法。方法比较2004年5月-2005年1月闭角型青光眼住院患者22例（39只眼）房角镜及UBM检查结果。结果39只眼中32只眼房角镜检查结果与UBM检查结果一致，其余7只眼房角镜检查结果与UBM检查结果不一致。结论房角镜与UBM相比，约18％的病例存在差别，窄裂隙光下、动态观察法及使用缩瞳剂进行房角镜检查，可明显提高房角镜检查的准确率。     

Grading of pars planitis by ultrasound biomicroscopy--echographic and clinical study.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the value of high frequency ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) in the assessment of pars planitis, and in particular to correlate UBM findings and ophthalmoscopy findings. METHODS: All patients with pars planitis were identified from the uveitis database of the Department of Ophthalmology, University of Aberdeen. Fifteen consecutive patients (age 14-52 years) underwent complete ophthalmological examination. UBM was performed at a sound frequency of 50 MHz on 17 eyes of 10 patients to determine the extent of disease. UBM findings were evaluated by two investigators in a blinded fashion and graded from 0 to 3 according to the following grading criteria: 0=no cells, 1=mild cells, 2=marked cells, 3=organization of cells. Opthalmoscopy findings were also graded using the same criteria. UBM and ophthalmoscopy findings were independently graded and compared. RESULTS: We found a good inter-observer correlation for the UBM grading of pars planitis (rho=0.86). There was no significant difference in the grading of pars planitis by indirect ophthalmoscopy as compared to grading by UBM (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: UBM appears to be a valuable and reliable diagnostic technique for the evaluation of patients with pars planitis and may be useful especially in patients with media opacities to diagnose and/or monitor efficacy of treatment.     

Ultrasound biomicroscopy for estimation of tumor thickness for conjunctival melanoma

We assessed the feasibility of using high-frequency ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) in estimating thickness of conjunctival melanomas preoperatively. Three patients underwent UBM prior to excision of conjunctival melanoma between February 2003 and March 2006. Conjunctival tumor thickness was estimated via UBM in each case and compared with the estimated histopathologic tumor thickness (Breslow thickness). Patient 1 had an estimated thickness of 1.99 mm via UBM versus a Breslow thickness measurement of 1.5 mm based on the surgical specimen. Patient 2 had a UBM thickness measurement of 2.4 mm and a Breslow thickness of 2.23 mm based on the surgical specimen. In patient 3, both UBM thickness and Breslow thickness were 2.3 mm. The use of high-frequency UBM is feasible for the estimation of tumor thickness for conjunctival melanomas. UBM may serve as an additional diagnostic tool for estimating tumor thickness before surgical resection of conjunctival melanoma.     

正常小鼠主动脉的超声生物显微镜成像分析

目的探索超声生物显微镜进行小鼠主动脉的成像方法及其应用价值。方法采用Visualsonics公司Vevo770小动物超声成像系统对32只健康成年雄性C57BL／6小鼠进行观察,显示小鼠主动脉及其分支结构,测量升主动脉内膜-中膜厚度（IMT）并与病理结果进行对照。结果小鼠主动脉IMT的超声生物显微镜成像测值与病理测值相关性良好（r=0.593,P〈0.01）,超声生物显微镜成像与病理测值的直线回归方程为Y=0.142X＋0.076。8、16、24和32周小鼠组间比较,超声及病理所测IMT差异无统计学意义。结论超声生物显微镜成像能清晰显示正常小鼠主动脉切面,并检测升主动脉IMT,为进一步研究动脉粥样硬化小鼠模型奠定了基础。     

超声生物显微镜诊断眼前节肿瘤

目的　了解眼前节常见肿瘤的超声生物显微镜表现特点。方法　应用超声生物显微镜对５５例常见眼前节肿瘤～虹膜囊肿、虹膜色素痣、睫状体肿瘤进行观察。结果　超声生物显微镜表现：虹膜囊肿为边界清晰的圆形或椭圆形囊样病变,内部为无回声区;虹膜色素痣为边界清晰的局限隆起,可为梭形、半球形等,内部回声均匀且与虹膜组织基本相同;睫状体肿瘤表现为睫状体局限隆起,可为半球形或蘑菇形,内部回声不均匀,前界回声强,后界回声弱,可伴有虹膜囊肿,继发脉络膜上腔渗漏。结论　超声生物显微镜对虹膜肿瘤可明确鉴别实性或囊性,睫状体肿瘤的基底部亦可详尽观察,超声生物显微镜是一种新的无创评估眼前节肿瘤的诊断方法。     

超声生物显微镜成像对正常小鼠心血管的初步研究

目的探讨超声生物显微镜对小鼠心血管成像的方法及价值。方法选择8、16、24及32周龄C57BL／6健康成年雄性小鼠32只，每组各8只，采用Visualsonics公司Vevo770小动物超声成像系统，经胸骨左缘、心尖、胸骨右缘及胸骨上窝等扫查窗口，观察并分析小鼠心脏、大血管的结构及血流频谱，并对左心收缩及舒张功能进行评价。结果经上述扫查窗口，可获得左心室长轴、左心室短轴、升主动脉长轴、主动脉弓长轴、主动脉短轴、右心室流人道、肺动脉长轴等切面，仅心尖切面显示不满意。通过这些切面能清晰显示左心房、左心室、二尖瓣、主动脉及主动脉弓、室间隔、右心房、右心室、三尖瓣、肺动脉、无名动脉及左颈总动脉等结构，进而测量其内径，并可顺利获得各瓣口的血流频谱。各切面心脏及大血管二维径线测值及各瓣口血流脉冲多普勒测值比较显示，各周龄组相关测量数据间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论超声生物显微镜可很好地应用于小鼠心脏及大血管成像，采用适当的扫查窗口和切面可获得满意的图像。超声医师经过短期培训即可熟练掌握该技术，因而具有很好的应用前景。     

Ultrasound biomicroscopic appearances of eyelid lesions at 50 MHz

PURPOSE: To correlate the ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) appearance of eyelid lesions with the results of histopathologic examination. METHODS: Fifty-two patients with eyelid lesions were evaluated using 50-MHz UBM, and the UBM scans were compared with the histopathologic findings. The obscuration of the normal lid sonographic layers and invasion into adjacent tissues were criteria suggesting malignancy. RESULTS: UBM characteristics of different eyelid lesions are presented. The sensitivity of UBM in detecting malignancy ranged from 78% to 86%, whereas the specificity ranged from 37% to 69%. CONCLUSION: This study of eyelid lesions shows that UBM can help differentiate between various benign and malignant lid lesions.     

Features of in vitro ultrasound biomicroscopic imaging and colonoscopy for detection of colon tumor in mice

The present work tested the capability of ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM), at 45 MHz, to provide cross-sectional images with appropriate resolution and contrast to detect tumors and determine their penetration depths on the colon of mice, Mus musculus (Linnaeus 1758), treated with carcinogen for colon tumor induction. B-mode images were obtained, in vitro, from each animal (13 treated and 4 untreated) colon opened longitudinally and immersed in saline solution at room temperature. Prior to UBM inspection, all animals were also examined by colonoscopy. The layers of normal colon identified by UBM are: mucosa (hyperechoic), muscularis mucosae (hypoechoic), submucosa (hyperechoic) and muscularis externa (hypoechoic). UBM images of colon lesions presented structures corresponding to tumors (hyperechoic), lymphoid hyperplasia (hypoechoic) and polypoid tumors (hyperechoic). Additionally, tumoral lesion invasion through the colon was also identified. When compared with histopathologic analysis, all colon lesions detected by UBM were confirmed, while colonoscopic findings had two false negatives.