原发性闭角型青光眼中白内障超声乳化联合IOL植入术的疗效

目的:评价白内障超声乳化联合人工晶状体(intraocular lens,IOL)植入术治疗眼压控制的急性闭角型青光眼和慢性闭角型青光眼患者的疗效及安全性。方法:将45例60眼白内障眼压控制的急性闭角型青光眼和慢性闭角型青光眼随机分为两组,一组采用白内障超声乳化联合IOL植入术,一组采用激光虹膜切开术(laser iridotomy,LI)。比较两组眼内压、抗青光眼药物使用数目、并发症、前房内皮细胞计数的差别。结果:IOL组中,随访6mo后的眼内压由术前的14.82±4.23mmHg下降到10.94±1.24mmHg,而LI组的眼内压并无明显变化(15.34±4.13mmHgvs14.68±4.77mmHg),采用重复测量资料的方差分析显示两组的眼内压变化有显著统计学差异(F=36.452,P<0.01)。IOL组6mo后基本未采用抗青光眼药物,而LI组使用抗青光眼药物个数为0.24±0.41个(P<0.05)。两组在并发症及前房内皮细胞计数方面无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:白内障超声乳化联合IOL植入可有效降低眼压控制的急性闭角型青光眼和慢性闭角型青光眼的眼内压水平,该治疗方法安全有效,是这类患者首选的治疗方法之一。     

Success criteria and success rates in trabeculectomy with and without intraoperative antimetabolites using intensified postoperative care (IPC)

Purpose: To define the success rate of trabeculectomy for surgical treatment of glaucoma under intensified postoperative care (IPC) conditions in cases of severe visual field damage or progression of visual field loss. Methods: In a retrospective study, we evaluated the outcome of trabeculectomy in 99 eyes of 99 patients from October 1995 to June 1997. In 23 eyes, antimetabolites were used intraoperatively. Regarding intraocular pressure (IOP), success was defined as lowering the preoperative, maximally treated IOP by more than 20% in addition to a postoperative IOP level lower than 21 mmHg without using further glaucoma medication. Success rate was defined by stabilisation of visual acuity and visual field in addition to IOP reduction. Results: The postoperative IOP was 14.7 mmHg (±3.4 mmHg) following standard trabeculectomy (preoperative IOP 24.3±6.7 mmHg) and 15.8 mmHg (±4.9 mmHg) following trabeculec-tomy with intraoperative anti- metabolites (preoperative IOP 27.0±9.5 mmHg). The success rate concerning the IOP was 83% in standard trabeculectomy and 74% following trabeculectomy with intraoperative antimetabolites. The visual acuity showed stabilisation in 93% of cases following standard trabeculectomy and in 100% following trabeculectomy with intraoperative antimetabolites. The visual field showed stabilisation according to the Aulhorn criteria in 95% and 94% of cases following standard trabeculectomy and trabeculectomy with intraoperative antimetabolites, respectively. The total success rate using all criteria together was 76% following standard trabeculectomy and 74% following trabeculectomy with intraoperative antimetabolites. Conclusion: The overall outcome after trabeculectomy is good with appropriate follow-up and timely decisions for after- treatment to ensure good development of the filtering bleb. Received: 24 June 1999 Revised: 6 January 2000 Accepted: 18 January 2000     

青光眼小梁切除术后白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入术临床分析

目的:分析青光眼小梁切除术后并发性白内障超声乳化联合软性人工晶状体植入的临床效果。方法:青光眼小梁切除术后白内障患者132例148眼,行鼻上或颞上象限角膜遂道切口或巩膜隧道切口白内障超声乳化吸除人工晶状体植入术,术后随访3～39mo,观察术后视力、眼压及并发症。结果:患者132例148眼术后视力恢复较满意,术后1wk矫正视力<0.05者8眼(5.4%),0.05～0.3者26眼(17.6%),～0.6者72眼(48.6%),～1.0者40眼(27.0%),>1.0者2眼(1.4%)。手术后眼压稳定,平均眼压15.23±3.42mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa)。手术并发症为早期角膜水肿及虹膜反应,均较轻,2～5d内消退。结论:经小切口超声乳化手术治疗青光眼小梁切除术后并发性白内障,操作简便,术后恢复快,散光小,并发症少,眼压控制好,在对青光眼术后并发性白内障的复杂情况方面似有优越之处。     

The risk profile of trabecular aspiration versus trabeculectomy in glaucoma triple procedure

Objective: This study was set up to establish the relative safety and effectiveness of trabecular aspiration in combination with phacoemulsification and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation (phaco- aspiration) for decreasing intraocular pressure (IOP), and to compare the outcome of this method of treatment with that of standard filtering glaucoma triple procedure (phaco-trab). Study design: Prospective, randomized study. Participants: The study consisted of 40 eyes of 40 patients with uncontrolled exfoliation glau-coma without a history of previous intra- or extraocular surgery and in need of cataract surgery. Intervention: Temporal clear corneal phacoemulsification and foldable IOL implantation was performed in all eyes. In the phaco-aspiration group, trabecular aspiration was performed with a suction force of 100– 200 mmHg under light tissue-instrument contact using a modified intraocular aspiration probe. A modified Cairns-type trabeculectomy without adjunctive antimetabolites was performed superiorly in the phaco-trab eyes after IOL implantation. Main outcome measures: The surgical outcome was assessed in terms of IOP change, need for adjunctive glaucoma medication, visual acuity outcome, and incidence of complications. Results: At 1 year after combined surgery, mean (±SD) IOP and number of glaucoma medication were 19.5±2.7 mmHg and 0.6±0.5 in the phaco-aspiration group, compared with 17.5±2.4 mmHg and 0.3±0.4 in the phaco-trab group. Hyphema (38%) and ocular hypotony (14%) were observed in the phaco-trab group only, whereas blood reflux (52%) and descemetolyses (23%) were seen exclusively in the phaco-aspiration group. Conclusion: In exfoliative eyes, trabecular aspiration in combination with phacoemulsification and IOL implantation is less effective in reducing postoperative IOP and number of glaucoma medications than the standard filtering glaucoma triple procedure. The risk profile, however, appears to be more favorable in the phaco-aspiration-treated eyes than in the phaco-trab group. Trabecular aspiration in glaucoma triple procedure could serve as a possible treatment of choice for exfoliative eyes with coexisting cataract and glaucoma. Received: 17 January 2000 Revised: 8 March 2000 Accepted: 9 March 2000     

Intraocular pressure control after clear corneal phacoemulsification in eyes with previous trabeculectomy: a controlled study

PURPOSE: To compare intraocular pressure (IOP) control in eyes with or without clear corneal phacoemulsification following trabeculectomy. METHODS: The study group included 30 eyes that underwent uneventful clear corneal phacoemulsification and foldable intraocular lens implantation following trabeculectomy without antimetabolites. Thirty eyes that had undergone filtering surgery without cataract extraction were selected as controls. Case and control groups were matched with respect to age, gender, IOP, number of glaucoma medications, glaucoma type (primary open-angle glaucoma/pseudoexfoliative glaucoma), trabeculectomy time and follow-up. Comparisons between the study and control groups (intergroup) and within the same group at different time-points (intragroup) were performed for IOP, glaucoma medications and bleb morphology. Success rates were investigated by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and the factors influencing final success by logistic regression. RESULTS: Intraocular pressure (p = 0.04) and glaucoma medications (p = 0.001) increased during an average follow-up of 26.1 +/- 9.9 months in both groups. Intragroup differences became statistically significant after the 6-month visit, but intergroup differences remained insignificant. Bleb height decreased significantly following phacoemulsification in the study group (p = 0.017). Success rates decreased with time in both groups, with no intergroup difference (p = 0.46). The final success rate was negatively correlated with IOP and number of glaucoma medications used at the study entry, while there was a positive correlation between the baseline and final success rates. CONCLUSION: Trabeculectomy success decreased in a time-dependent manner in eyes with and without subsequent phacoemulsification. Uncomplicated clear corneal phacoemulsification was not found to have any additional unfavorable influence on IOP control in eyes with filtering blebs.     

白内障超声乳化及人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术临床观察

目的 评价白内障超声乳化及折叠式人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术的疗效。方法 对１６例９１８眼）青光眼合并白内障施行白内障旋转切削亏声乳化摘出及折叠式人工晶状体植 梁切除术。结果 １６例术后３月眼压均控制（７２．２％）。结论 该术式具有视力恢复较好,降眼压效果确实,并发症少的优点。     

小梁切除术后晶状体超声乳化术的临床观察

目的 评价青光眼小梁切除术后的白内障进行超声乳化人工晶状体植入术的效果.方法 对28例（30眼）青光眼小梁切除术后的白内障,采用超声乳化人工晶状体植入术,随访6月,观察术后视力及眼压等情况.结果 30眼术后视力均较术前明显提高,术后1月平均眼压较术前略有下降.结论 小梁切除术后白内障采用超声乳化人工晶状体植入术,可以保存原有青光眼滤过泡,术后反应轻,视力恢复好,手术安全可靠.     

小梁切除联合超声乳化人工晶状体植入术的临床疗效观察

目的：为了观察不同类型青光眼伴有白内障病人的小梁切除联合白内障超声乳化吸除并后房型人工晶状体植入三联术后3个月的视力、眼压以及并发症发生的情况。方法：82例（91只眼）,青光眼合并白内障患者行小梁切除联合超声乳化后房型人工晶体植入。结果：术后3个平均眼压低于15mmHg(1mmHg－0．134kPa）,平均视力好于0．54。结论：小梁切除联合白内障超声乳化吸除并后房型人工晶状体植入术具有切口小,眼压控制好,滤过泡形佳,能获得一定的视力。     

260例青光眼白内障联合手术临床分析

目的：分析评价青光眼白内障联合手术的疗效。方法：对２６０例（２７９眼）行青光眼白内障联合手术的病例作回顾性分析,并将病人分为３组。Ⅰ组：白内障囊外摘除联合小梁切除术;Ⅱ组：白内障囊外摘除、人工晶体植入联合小梁切除术;Ⅲ组：超声乳化白内障吸出、人工晶体植入联合小梁切除术;并分析比较３组的术后视力、眼压和并发症。结果：３组病例术后视力≥０．３者分别为１６．３％、３２．４％和４３．５％,术后视力改善率分     

白内障超声乳化术联合小梁切除术治疗青光眼合并白内障的临床疗效

目的:观察白内障超声乳化吸除及人工晶状体植入术联合小梁切除术治疗原发性闭角型青光眼(primary angle-closure gloucoma,PACG)合并白内障的临床疗效和安全性。方法:对49例59眼PACG合并白内障患者进行回顾性调查研究,其中急性闭角型青光眼(急性ACG)35眼,慢性闭角型青光眼(慢性ACG)24眼。患者均行白内障超声乳化吸除及人工晶状体植入术联合小梁切除术。观察患者术前及术后视力、眼压、中央前房深度、晶状体厚度、眼轴、术后用药情况及并发症。随访6～12mo。结果:(1)急性ACG组术前(n=35眼)平均眼压23.9±6.6mmHg,术后12mo时(n=28眼)平均眼压11.7±2.6mmHg(P<0.01)。慢性ACG组(n=24眼)术前平均眼压20.9±6.5mmHg,术后12mo时(n=19眼)平均眼压14.5士1.4mmHg(P<0.01)。急性ACG组术后眼压降低幅度为11.3±5.9mmHg,慢性ACG组为7.4±7.1mmHg,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(2)PACG59眼术后末次复查时44眼(74.6%)视力较术前提高。(3)急性ACG组术前、术后中央前房深度分别为1.79±0.15,3.32±0.17mm,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。慢性ACG组术前、术后中央前房深度分别为1.84±0.19,3.37±0.20mm,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。(4)两组晶状体厚度/眼轴长度系数分别为2.26±0.16,2.14±0.13,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。(5)急性ACG组、慢性ACG组手术完全成功率分别为94.3%,87.5%,条件成功率分别为5.7%,8.3%。(6)全部患者术后有15眼(25.4%)发生轻或中度角膜内皮水肿,15眼(25.4%)发生前房纤维素渗出。结论:白内障超声乳化吸除及人工晶状体植入术联合小梁切除术是治疗PACG合并白内障的有效而安全的方法。急性ACG的疗效优于慢性ACG。     

超声乳化人工晶体植入联合小梁切除术的临床分析

目的：探讨超声乳人工晶体植入联合小梁切除术的方法,评价其疗效。方法：对５５例６２只青光眼合并白内障行超声乳化人工晶体植入联合小梁切除术。结果：术后视力恢复迅速,３６眼〉０．５,术后眼压控制好,５４眼眼压〈１８ｍｍＨｇ,术后有角膜水肿等并发症。结论：超声乳化工晶体植入联合小梁切除术安全有效。     

超声乳化术治疗闭角型青光眼合并白内障临床观察

目的 探讨白内障超声乳化折叠式人工晶状体植入术治疗闭角型青光眼的安全性和有效性。方法 38例(38眼)青光眼合并白内障患者，房角关闭小于1／2者单纯施行白内障超声乳化摘出及折叠式人工晶状体植入术，房角关闭大于1／2者施行角巩膜分开切口白内障超声乳化摘出及折叠式人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术。结果 38例术后3个月眼压均控制在正常范围内，平均眼压为14．2mmHg，全部病例视力较术前提高，视力≥0．5者20眼(52．6％)．未发生严重并发症。结论 白内障超声乳化术在闭角型青光眼患者治疗中具有安全、视力恢复较好较快、降眼压效果确实、并发症少的优点。     

超声乳化联合小梁切除术治疗青光眼白内障的疗效观察

目的:探讨超声乳化白内障吸除人工晶状体囊袋内植入联合小梁切除术治疗青光眼合并白内障临床疗效。方法:回顾36例青光眼合并白内障患者行白内障超声乳化吸除人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术,对术后视力、眼压及并发症进行总结。结果:术后4wk平均眼压15.50±4.90mmHg。与术前30.60±6.80mmHg相比,差异有统计学意义(t=7.76,P<0.05)。术后视力明显提高,无严重并发症。结论:超声乳化白内障吸除人工晶状体囊袋内植入联合小梁切除术不但视力恢复好,而且青光眼术后并发症减轻,有利于眼压控制。     

白内障超声乳化摘出人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术

目的　评价青光眼合并白内障超声乳化摘出联合人工晶状体植入及小梁切除术的临床疗效。方法　应用白内障超声乳化摘出联合人工晶状体植入及小梁切除术治疗26例(26眼)白内障合并青光眼患者术后随访2～16个月。结果　平均眼压由术前24.82 mmHg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)降到术后16.52 mmHg其中88.46%患者眼压被控制在21 mmHg以下,术后裸眼或矫正视力>0.3者80.77%,功能性滤泡占61.54%。结论　此手术方式安全可行,能使大部分青光眼合并白内障患者眼压控制并获得较好视力     

青光眼白内障四联手术治疗极浅前房持续性高眼压

目的：探讨玻璃体放液+白内障超声乳化吸出+人工晶状体植入+复合式小梁切除四联手术治疗急性闭角型青光眼持续高眼压的效果及安全性。

方法：回顾分析对我院62例62眼,男26例26眼,女36例36眼,符合诊断急性闭角型青光,前房深度浅Ⅰ-浅Ⅱa级,经最大剂量药物治疗48～72h后眼压仍>40mmHg的患者。根据患者术前视力分为两组,其中33例33眼实施玻璃体放液+白内障超声乳化吸出+人工晶状体植入+复合式小梁切除四联手术治疗(试验组),29例29眼实施前房穿刺放液+复合式小梁切除两联手术治疗(对照组),术后通过观察视力、眼压、并发症及滤过泡情况等,比较两组患者治疗效果。

结果：所有患者经手术治疗后高眼压均得到控制,术后1wk四联手术组眼压明显低于两联手术组(P<0.05)。两组观察6mo,四联术后视力及手术完全成功率明显优于两联手术,在术后并发症及有效滤过泡形成率方面两组无显著差异(P>0.05)。

结论：极浅前房的急性闭角型青光眼患者在持续高眼压下,玻璃体放液+白内障超声乳化吸出+人工晶状体植入+复合式小梁切除术四联手术及治疗是安全有效的,在持续高眼压状态下,应积极手术治疗,以挽救患者视力。     

Phacoemulsification in eyes with functioning filtering blebs: a prospective study

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of phacoemulsification on intraocular pressure (IOP) control in eyes with a previous functioning filtering bleb and no glaucoma medication. DESIGN: Prospective, nonrandomized comparative (self-controlled) trial. PARTICIPANTS: Forty-seven patients (49 eyes) who underwent phacoemulsification after successful trabeculectomy, with at least 12 months of follow-up. INTERVENTION: Clear corneal phacoemulsification and implantation of a foldable intraocular lens in eyes that underwent a previous successful trabeculectomy. The time between both procedures was always greater than 1 year. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Preoperative and postoperative IOP, the number of glaucoma medications, bleb appearance, and visual acuity were recorded at each follow-up examination. Success was defined as no need for glaucoma medications, bleb needling, or further glaucoma surgery for IOP control after phacoemulsification. Preoperative and intraoperative factors were evaluated for an association with postoperative failure using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. RESULTS: The mean (+/- standard deviation) IOP before phacoemulsification was 12.24 (+/- 4.68) mmHg, and it increased 3.94, 3.76, 1.39, 2.04, and 1.57 mmHg on the first postoperative day, after 1, 6, and 12 months, and at the last visit, respectively. At each interval, the mean IOP was significantly higher than the preoperative value (P = 0.000, 0.000, 0.049, 0.01, and 0.01, respectively). Nevertheless, the mean IOP after phacoemulsification was always lower than before trabeculectomy (P = 0.000). At the last visit, glaucoma medication was required in 17 eyes (34.7%). The success rates after phacoemulsification were 83.6%, 68.2%, and 55.7% at 6 months and 1 and 2 years, respectively (Kaplan-Meier survival analysis). The number of glaucoma medications used increased at all follow-up visits (P < 0.005). Bleb size decreased after phacoemulsification (P = 0.000). An IOP before phacoemulsification of greater than 10 mmHg was associated with postoperative failure (P = 0.002). Similarly, bleb failure and the need for glaucoma medication were associated with higher IOPs before phacoemulsification. CONCLUSIONS: Phacoemulsification significantly increased IOP and the number of glaucoma medications in eyes with preexisting functioning filtering blebs. Eyes with higher IOPs before phacoemulsification had worsened postoperative IOP control and bleb failure.     

三联术治疗青光眼合并白内障的疗效观察

目的:探讨三联术(白内障超声乳化吸除、后房型人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术)治疗青光眼合并白内障患者的临床疗效。方法:青光眼合并白内障患者72例72眼行小梁切除联合白内障超声乳化吸除联合后房型人工晶状体植入术,观察术后视力、眼压、滤过泡及并发症等情况。结果:术后72例72眼患者视力均有不同程度的提高;术后眼压控制良好,术后3,18mo平均眼压分别为15.30±2.64mmHg和16.72±2.30mmHg,术后均无严重并发症。结论:小梁切除联合白内障超声乳化吸除联合后房型人工晶状体植入术具有切口小,眼压控制良好,能获得较满意的视力。     

白内障超声乳化术治疗闭角型青光眼并白内障

目的:观察白内障超声乳化并人工晶状体植入术及联合小梁切除术治疗闭角型青光眼并白内障的安全性和有效性。 方法:闭角型青光眼合并白内障患者251 例279眼,208眼前房角宽度为NⅠ～NⅡ,单纯施行白内障超声乳化并人工晶状体植入术; 71眼前房角宽度为NⅢ～NⅣ,施行白内障超声乳化并人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术。 结果:术后随访3mo,单纯超声乳化组208眼眼压均保持在正常范围;超声乳化联合手术组68眼眼压保持在正常范围。术后1wk有3眼眼压仍波动在20～25mmHg,经给予50g/L贝特舒眼液点眼治疗,眼压控制正常。全部病例视力较术前提高,未发生严重并发症。 结论:白内障超声乳化术并人工晶状体植入及联合小梁切除术对闭角型青光眼患者的治疗安全、有效、并发症少。     

联合手术治疗青光眼合并白内障的临床观察

目的:探讨治疗青光眼合并白内障的手术方法及临床效果。方法:对45例45眼青光眼合并白内障患者施行白内障超声乳化及人工晶状体植入联合隧道内小梁切除术。结果:术前视力<0.1者32眼,0.1～0.3者13眼。术后视力<0.1者6眼(13%),0.1～0.5者22眼(49%),>0.5者17眼(38%)。术前眼压26～60mmHg,术后42例眼压降至正常范围,3例经局部按摩、滴药后降至正常,平均眼压12.78±2.70mmHg。随访6～12mo,无1例眼压再升高。3例视力下降,经戴镜矫正视力提高。并发症主要是角膜水肿和虹膜炎症反应。结论:白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入联合隧道内小梁切除术是治疗青光眼合并白内障的理想方法。     

青光眼合并白内障患者超声乳化人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术后眼压及房角变化分析

目的观察分析青光眼合并白内障患者超声乳化人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术后眼压及房角变化情况。方法对我院2009年1月至2010年12月青光眼合并白内障患者28例(28眼)进行回顾性分析,所有患者均接受超声乳化人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术治疗,观察患者术前,术后1d、1周、1个月及3个月眼压变化,A超及前房角镜观察测量术前,术后1个月、3个月中央前房深度及房角变化,对结果进行比较分析。结果患者术后1d、1周、1个月及3个月的平均眼压分别为(19·82±1.21)mmHg(1kPa=7.5mmHg)、(18.64±1.62)mmHg、(16.14±1.36)mmHg、(15.87±0.93)mmHg,与术前(24.35±1.64)mmHg比较,差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05)。术后各时间点眼压两两比较,术后1d与术后1周差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),与术后1个月、3个月差异有显著统计学意义(均为P<0.01);术后1周与术后1个月、3个月差异有统计学意义(均为P<0.05);术后1个月与3个月差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。患者术前、术后1个月、3个月平均中央前房深度分别为(2·0±0.6)mm、(3.1±0.2)mm、(3.2±0.5)mm;与术前中央前房深度相比,术后1个月、3个月差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0·05);术后1个月与3个月比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与术前房角开放状态相比,术后1个月、3个月差异均有显著统计学意义(均为P<0.01)。结论超声乳化人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术治疗青光眼合并白内障患者可有效降低眼压,同时也可明显开放房角,有助于更好地控制眼压。