过敏性皮炎野苋菜花粉皮试与总IgE的相关性研究

目的了解野苋菜花粉在南昌地区过敏性皮炎中的作用情况.方法选择170例临床诊断为过敏性皮炎的病人,用野苋菜花粉及春、夏、秋三季花粉的提取液做皮试,并测定它们的血清总IgE.结果发现野苋菜花粉是南昌地区过敏性皮炎的重要变应原,野苋菜花粉皮试阳性和阴性的患者间的总IgE有明显的差异(P＜0.01).结论野苋菜花粉皮试应作为南昌及其周围地区过敏性皮炎的常规检验.     

南昌地区气传野苋菜花粉对过敏性患者血清免疫球蛋白的影响

目的:了解环境因素中野苋菜花粉对南昌地区过敏性疾病的作用。方法:选择632例临床诊断为过敏性疾病的患者,用野苋菜花粉及春、夏、秋、冬四季花粉的提取液做皮试,并测定其总免疫球蛋白E(IgE)。结果:野苋菜花粉皮试阳性为358例(56.6%);春季花粉阳性为308例(48.7%);夏季花粉阳性为316例(50.0%);秋季花粉阳性为346例(54.8%);冬季花粉阳性为342例(54.1%)。皮试总阳性率为52.9%。野苋菜花粉皮试阳性和阴性患者间的总IgE含量有明显差异(P<0.01)。结论:野苋菜花粉是南昌地区过敏性疾病的主要变应原。     

南昌地区气传野苋菜花粉对过敏性患者血清免疫球蛋白的影响

目的：了解环境因素中野苋菜花粉对南昌地区过敏性疾病的作用。方法：选择632例临床诊断为过敏性疾病的患者，用野苋菜花粉及春、夏、秋、冬四季花粉的提取液做皮试，并测定其总免疫球蛋白E(IgE)。结果：野苋菜花粉皮试阳性为358例(56．6%)；春季花粉阳性为308例(48．7％)；夏季花粉阳性为316例(50．0%)；秋季花粉阳性为346例(54．8％)；冬季花粉阳性为342例(54．1％)。皮试总阳性率为52．9％。野苋菜花粉皮试阳性和阴性患者间的总IgE含量有明显差异(P&;lt;0．01)。结论：野苋菜花粉是南昌地区过敏性疾病的主要变应原。     

季节性接触性皮炎患者花粉过敏的实验研究

我们用南京地区常见的花粉抗原对季节性接触性皮炎，非季节性接触性皮炎及健康成人三组受试者同时进行花粉抗原血清特异性ＩｇＥ测定，花粉抗原斑贴试验及皮肤点刺试验，结果表明季节组花粉抗原特异性，ＩｇＥ阳性率明显高于非季节组及健康组（Ｐ〈０．００５），特异性ＩｇＥ与斑贴试验，皮试间均有明显的相关性（Ｐ〈０．０５）和较高的符合率，提示季节性接触性皮炎发病机理与花粉抗原诱导的ＩｇＥ介导的迟缓相反应有关。     

特应性皮炎患儿血清特异性IgE的检测及临床意义

目的探讨特应性皮炎患儿的致病因素。方法采用免疫印迹技术，对130例特应性皮炎息儿进行血清特异性IgE（sIgE）和总IgE检测。结果130例患儿中总IgE阳性率为65．4％，血清特异性IgE阳性率为58．5％，其中一种sIgE阳性者占16，2％，两种占20．0％，三种占14．6％，四种及以上者占23．8％。在食物组中以羊肉最高，吸入组中以屋尘为最高，3岁以下的患儿以食物过敏为主，3岁以上以吸入物过敏为主。结论通过此项检测，可明确检出特异性过敏原，为疾病的病因诊断、预防和治疗提供可靠依据。     

70%酒精皮肤消毒液致接触性皮炎的临床观察

目的区分70%酒精皮肤消毒所致接触性皮炎与抗生素过敏试验阳性反应的差异,以减轻患者痛苦,合理选用抗生素。方法通过询问过敏史、自觉症状、观察局部皮肤变化及生理盐水对照试验,排除抗生素皮试的假阳性反应。结果应用70%酒精皮肤消毒进行皮试,可引起接触性皮炎。结论皮试前详细询问用药史、过敏史、自觉症状、观察局部表现,可有效鉴别酒精所致接触性皮炎与皮试假阳性反应,从而避免盐水对照试验所致痛苦,并可通过及时选用其它皮肤消毒液防止接触性皮炎的发生。     

江西南昌郊区松树花粉过敏原的分离与鉴定

目的：对江西南昌郊区松树花粉的变应原组分进行分离及免疫学鉴定。方法提取松树花粉粗提液,然后通过十二烷基磺酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)对松树花粉的蛋白质组分进行分离并测定其分子量,采用免疫印迹(West-ern-blotting)法鉴定其变应原成分。结果松树花粉粗提液有10余条蛋白带,其中分子量为12kD、26kD和100kD的蛋白可与松树花粉过敏性病人血清IgE 结合,其中26kD为主要变应原。结论对松树花粉变应原进行了初步的分离、鉴定,为进一步对松树花粉变态反应性疾病的临床诊断和治疗提供初步的实验基础。     

70%酒精皮肤消毒液致接触性皮炎的临床观察

目的 区分70%酒精皮肤消毒所致接触性皮炎与抗生素过敏试验阳性反应的差异,以减轻患者痛苦,合理选用抗生素.方法 通过询问过敏史、自觉症状、观察局部皮肤变化及生理盐水对照试验,排除抗生素皮试的假阳性反应.结果 应用70%酒精皮肤消毒进行皮试,可引起接触性皮炎.结论 皮试前详细询问用药史、过敏史、自觉症状、观察局部表现,可有效鉴别酒精所致接触性皮炎与皮试假阳性反应,从而避免盐水对照试验所致痛苦,并可通过及时选用其它皮肤消毒液防止接触性皮炎的发生.     

免疫学检验与临床

支原体肺炎患儿血清IgE和外周血嗜酸粒细胞水平的检测及分析；过敏性哮喘患者血清TIgE、IgG4、ECP、IL-2和IL-5水平变化及意义；蒿属花粉过敏的变应性鼻炎患者中血清总IgE和特异性IgE水平的临床研究；总免疫球蛋白E和特异性免疫球蛋白E在儿童呼吸道变态反应性疾病中的分布；新生儿溶血病患儿母亲血清中IgG亚类水平的临床意义；     

花粉症

花粉症绝大部分是由花粉引起,但也有一部分是由霉菌、昆虫等引起的。早在100多年前,有些学者已认识到了花粉症是由花粉过敏引起的全身疾患,近年来由于免疫球蛋白 E 的发现,对花粉症的发病机制有了进一步的了解。花粉症属于第一型变态反应,抗体为反应素系免疫球蛋白 E(IgE),是一种醣蛋白亲细胞性的抗体,正常人血清中 IgE 含量甚少,当过敏体质的病人吸入致敏的花粉时,血清中 IgE 含量可     

过敏性皮肤病患者血清过敏原检测分析

目的探讨血清过敏原体外检测在过敏性皮肤疾病病因筛查中的临床价值。方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)对311例过敏性皮肤病患者和30名健康对照者血清中吸入性及食入性过敏原进行检测。结果311例患者血清总IgE抗体阳性率92.3%(287/311),而特异性IgE阳性率为81.0%(252/311),明显高于健康对照组6.7%(P<0.005),其中吸入组特异性IgE阳性率49.5%(154/311),尘螨、粉尘阳性率最高,屋尘次之;食入组特异性lgE阳性率41.5%(129/311),牛奶阳性率最高,虾、鲜贝次之。结论过敏原与过敏性皮肤病关系密切,尘螨、粉尘、牛奶是皮肤病患者主要致敏原,血清过敏原检测可提示确切的过敏原,对临床诊断、治疗和预防具有指导意义。     

Allergic reactivity and socio-economic level in a tropical environment

As some factors associated with the tropical environment can modify the expression of atopic disease, various indicators of allergic reactivity were compared between allergic and non-allergic subjects of different socio-economic level in Caracas, Venezuela (Lat. 10 degrees N). The socio-economic levels considered were high (HSEL), medium-high (MSEL) or low (LSEL). As generally found in temperature climates, in the HSEL the total serum IgE levels of allergic patients were significantly greater than those of non-allergic individuals (geometric means of 274 vs 126 IU/ml, respectively), as were also the specific serum IgE antibody levels (55.6 vs 23.8% positive, respectively, for house dust). These results correlated closely with the skin-test reactivity of these subjects (60.3 vs 17.5% positive for house dust). In this group, the degree of intestinal helminthic infection was low (5.6% positive for Ascaris). In contrast, for the MSEL where the degree of parasitic infection was higher (13.0%), the total serum IgE levels were elevated in both allergic and non-allergic subjects (602 vs 363 IU/ml). Similarly, positivity for specific IgE antibody was high, and comparable between allergics and non-allergics of this group (61.5 vs 54.2%), as was also the case for skin-test reactivity (71.9 vs 60.4%). In the LSEL, parasitic infection was prevalent (47.6%), and the total serum IgE levels were markedly elevated, with little difference occurring between allergic and non-allergic individuals (2269 vs 1981 IU/ml). The positivity for specific IgE antibody was high, and effectively independent of the allergic state (75.6 vs 53.7%), but in contrast the skin test reactivity was relatively low (22.0 vs 9.8%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Flow cytometric analysis of in vitro activated basophils, specific IgE and skin tests in the diagnosis of pollen-associated food allergy

BACKGROUND: Specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) and commercially available skin prick tests have been demonstrated to be unreliable methods to diagnose pollen-associated food allergy. To evaluate the predictive value of the basophil activation test (BAT) in pollen-associated food allergy, the apple-mediated oral allergy syndrome (OAS) in patients with birch pollinosis was chosen as a representative model. METHODS: Patients with birch pollen allergy and a history of apple-mediated OAS (OAS(+), n = 29), patients with birch allergic without OAS (OAS(-), n = 22), and healthy controls (HC, n = 10) without birch pollen allergy and OAS were included. Apple IgE was quantified by the CAP FEIA method. Skin prick tests were performed with a Jonagold apple extract. Flow cytometric analysis of basophils activated with the same Jonagold extract was based on double staining with anti-IgE/anti-CD63 monoclonal antibodies. RESULTS: Comparison between OAS(+) subjects and HC showed sensitivities and specificities of 96% and 100% for apple IgE and 88% and 100% for the apple skin prick test, respectively. For the BAT, sensitivity and specificity were 100%. In contrast, when nonresponders on the BAT were considered, sensitivity decreased to 90%. In a separate analysis between OAS(+) and OAS(-) subjects, specificities decreased to 30% for apple IgE and to 80% for the apple skin test, respectively. The BAT reached a sensitivity of 88% and a specificity of 75%. CONCLUSION: Flow cytometry-assisted quantification of in vitro basophil activation seems to be a reliable instrument in the diagnosis of this model of pollen-associated food allergy. In addition, this study reemphasizes that the specificity of diagnostic allergy tests decreases considerably when, apart from HC, control individuals with cross-reactive antibodies are included.     

佛山地区7486例过敏性疾病患儿过敏原检测结果分析

目的回顾性分析佛山地区7 486例过敏性疾病患儿过敏原变化趋势,为临床诊断和治疗提供依据。方法采用免疫印迹法对7 486例过敏性疾病以及疑似过敏性疾病患儿进行血清过敏原筛查,并进行数据分析。结果 7 486例过敏性疾病患儿血清总IgE阳性率为71.71%,吸入性过敏原血清特异性IgE阳性率位于前3位的分别为户尘螨(26.17%),树花粉组合(19.54%),猫毛皮屑(18.97%);食入性过敏原血清特异性IgE阳性率位于前3位的分别为牛奶(39.57%),鸡蛋白(22.01%),腰果(14.67%)。随着患儿年龄的增长,户尘螨、屋尘螨、霉组合、苋、草组合、虾、蟹、贝的血清特异性IgE阳性率逐渐增加;鸡蛋白、牛奶、猫毛皮屑、狗毛皮屑、树花粉组合的血清特异性IgE阳性率逐渐下降。鸡蛋白的血清特异性IgE阳性率在2016-2018年呈逐年上升的趋势,其他过敏原IgE无趋势性变化。结论佛山地区患儿吸入性过敏原主要为户尘螨与树花粉组合,食入性过敏原主要为牛奶与鸡蛋白,特别是鸡蛋白过敏应着重关注。     

Value of the case history in the diagnosis of allergic state and the detection of allergens

Detailed histories taken in eighty-one patients suffering from perennial asthma and rhinitis were analysed independently by three trained allergists and their conclusions were compared to the results of three tests: (1) concentration of total serum IgE; (2) skin tests and (3) radioallergosorbent test (RAST). In eleven patients (14%), the three investigators disagreed when estimating the allergic nature of the symptoms. Ten out of forty-four patients (23%), unanimously predicted not to be allergic, had high levels of total serum IgE and skin tests and RAST clearly positive for one or more allergens. The allergists suspected 47% of the allergens detected by skin tests and 55% of those detected by RAST. The case history was the test which most often gave information at odds with that suggested by the other three tests. Our study indicates therefore that a case history not even suggestive of allergy should be complemented by additional tests.     

CAP检测系统在儿童变态反应性及免疫性疾病的应用

目的 了解变应原过筛试验作为筛查吸入物抗原及常见食物抗原血清中特异性IrE(stsE)和嗜酸细胞阳离子蛋白(ECP)在儿童常见变态反应性及免疫相关性疾病中的差异及意义.方法 检测26例特异性皮炎、33例喘息性支气管炎(简称喘支)或哮喘症、20例过敏性紫癜、15例川崎病惠儿及20名健康同龄儿童血总IgE抗体、吸入过敏原特异抗体、食物过敏原特异抗体、ECP等并进行比较.结果 26例特异性皮炎、33例喘支或哮喘、20例过敏性紫癜、15例川崎病患儿混合食物过筛试验(Fx5E)阳性率分别为73.1%、24.2%、25.0%、13.3%,吸入过敏原过筛试验(Phadiatop)阳性率分别为23.1%、69.7%、10.0%、6.6%.特异性皮炎组与喘支或哮喘组比较,Fx5E、Phadiatop阳性率差异均有统计学意义(χ~2值分别13.973、12.646,P均<0.01);与过敏性紫癜组比较,Fx5E阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=10.471,P<0.01),Phadiatop差异无统计学意义(χ~2=1.346,P>0.05);与川崎病组比较,Fx5E阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=13.589,P<0.01),Phadiatop阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ~2=1.809,P>0.05).喘支或哮喘组与过敏性紫癜组比较,Fx5E阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.004,P>0.05),Phadiatop差异有统计学意义(χ~2=17.808,P<0.01);与川崎病组比较,FxSE阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.744,P>0.05),Phadiatop差异有统计学意义(χ~2:16.388,P<0.01).过敏性紫癜组与川崎病组比较,FxSE、Phadiatop阳性率差异均无统计学意义(χ~2值分别为0.729、0.122,P均>0.05);与正常对照组比较,Fx5E阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=5.714,P<0.05),Phadiatop差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.00,P>0.05).川崎病组与正常组比较,Fx5E、Phadiatop阳性率差异均无统计学意义(χ~2值分别2.828、0.122,P均>0.05).各疾病组血清ECP、TIgE水平均高于正常对照组(P均<0.05),从高到低分别为喘支或哮喘、特异性皮炎、过敏性紫癜、川崎病,各组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 吸入性过敏原及食物过敏原在喘支或哮喘症、特异性皮炎发病中起重要作用,而在川崎病、过敏性紫癜起一定作用.喘支或哮喘症以吸入性过敏为主,特异性皮炎以食物性过敏原为主.     

Increase of lymphocytes with Fc receptors for IgE in patients with allergic rhinitis during the grass pollen season.

Peripheral blood lymphocytes from 10 nonallergic donors and 7 patients suffering from seasonal allergic rhinitis and receiving desensitization therapy were analyzed by rosette assays for Fc receptors for IgE (Fc epsilon R) and IgG (Fc gamma R) before, during and after the grass pollen season. Six of seven patients had moderately elevated IgE levels (330 +/- 268 IU/ml), all had high titers of skin sensitizing antibodies to grass pollens and serum IgE antibodies as measured by radio-allergosorbent tests (RAST). Seven of the nonallergic donors had 2-30 IU/ml IgE and negative RAST, whereas three had 91-267 IU/ml IgE and two were RAST positive to the grass pollens. In March, when the patients were asymptomatic, the mean +/-SD of the Fc epsilon R+ lymphocytes did not significantly differ from the nonallergic control group: nonallergic Fc epsilon R+ 1.2 +/- 0.9% (29 +/- 20/,mm3), allergic Fc epsilon R+ 2.0 +/- 3.1% (48 +/- 52/mm3). In contrast, during the grass pollen season in May and June, when the patients developed symptoms of allergic rhinitis, they had significantly (P less than 0.01) more Fc epsilon R+ lymphocytes than the controls: nonallergic Fc epsilon R+ 1.7 +/- 1.9% (40 +/- 46/mm3), allergic Fc epsilon R+ 4.7 +/- 1.2% (134 +/- 69/mm3). In the postpollen period, August-October, most of the patients again had low numbers of Fc epsilon R+ lymphocytes: nonallergic Fc epsilon R+ 1.4 +/- 0.9% (26 +/- 13/mm3), allergic Fc epsilon R+ 2.1 +/- 1.9% (62 +/- 82/mm3). The nonallergic control donors with elevated IgE levels and positive RAST always had low numbers of Fc epsilon R+ lymphocytes. In contrast, two other nonallergic donors, who had a 2-7 IU/ml IgE and negative RAST, showed significant increases of Fc epsilon R+ lymphocytes over several weeks during the grass pollen season. No statistically significant changes in Fc gamma R+ lymphocytes occurred in both nonallergic and allergic donors. The total and specific IgE serum levels did not vary much in the nonallergic donors and patients during the period of study and any changes that did occur did not correlate with the changes in Fc epsilon R+ lymphocytes. The data demonstrate that Fc epsilon R+ peripheral blood lymphocytes increase in allergic patients during natural antigen exposure and active disease in the absence of measurable increases of total and specific serum IgE. Because two nonallergic control donors also had temporary increases of Fc epsilon R+ lymphocytes, an increase of peripheral blood Fc epsilon R+ lymphocytes may be a sensitive indicator of an ongoing IgE immune response.     

Reaginic allergy to Parthenium pollen: evaluation by skin test and RAST

The pollen of Parthenium hysterophorus, an alien weed growing wild in India was found to be a potential source of allergic rhinitis. A clinical survey showed that 34% of the patients suffering from rhinitis and 12% suffering from bronchial asthma gave positive skin-prick test reactions to Parthenium pollen antigen extracts. Parthenium-specific IgE was detected in the sera of sixteen out of twenty-four patients suffering from seasonal rhinitis. There was 66% correlation between skin test and RAST.     

Specific serum IgE antibodies to bacterial antigens in allergic lung disease

A radio-allergosorbent test (RAST) to measure specific IgE antibodies in man to whole bacterial cells of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus and Haemophilus influenzae was developed to investigate different well-defined lung diseases (chronic bronchitis, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA), bronchial asthma allergic rhinitis, cystic fibrosis) and also in urticaria as compared with non-atopic blood donors. In addition, total IgE values and skin prick tests were assessed in these patients. The ABPA group gave the highest specific IgE RAST scores to all three bacteria, whilst the chronic bronchitis and cystic fibrosis groups also gave raised RAST scores with H. influenzae. There was a positive correlation between the patients' Sta. aureus and Str. pneumoniae immediate-type skin reactions and their RAST scores and total serum IgE concentrations, but there was only a low incidence of immediate-type skin test positivity to H. influenzae.