人体脚长、脚掌宽与身高相关关系的研究

对489名男女青年进行了脚长、脚掌宽与身高的测量,并记录相关数据,将测量数据输入计算机中进行回归分析,得出脚长、脚掌宽推测身高的直线回归方程,利用脚长推测身高:男性:y=93.55+3.26x,女性:y=130.53+1.41x;利用脚掌宽推测身高:男性:y=130.79+4.18x,女性:y=137.99+2.72x。结果表明,人体脚长、脚掌宽与身高存在一定的线性关系。     

男性会阴部手术后伤口暴露疗法与伤口细菌感染和愈合情况的研究

目的 探讨男性会阴部手术后伤口暴露疗法的可行性.方法 选择450例男性会阴部手术患者,其中250例术后伤口采用暴露疗法,200例术后伤口采用传统包扎疗法,术后观察伤口细菌感染和愈合情况,统计出伤口甲级愈合率,伤口细菌感染率,采用x2检验,用SPSS 17.0统计软件计算.结果 伤口甲级愈合率暴露疗法组为92.8%,明显高于包扎疗法组的91.5%（x2=12.2,P〈0.01）.伤口细菌感染率暴露疗法组和包扎疗法组相近（x2=0.06,P〉0.05）.结论 男性会阴部手术后伤口采用暴露疗法不会增加伤口细菌感染率,且伤口甲级愈合率明显提高.     

Clinical use of the polymyxins: the tale of the fox and the cat

Background

There is a need to identify practice patterns of polymyxin use, quantify gaps in knowledge, and recognize areas of persistent confusion.

男性会阴部手术后伤口暴露疗法与伤口细菌感染和愈合情况的研究

目的 探讨男性会阴部手术后伤口暴露疗法的可行性.方法 选择450例男性会阴部手术患者,其中250例术后伤口采用暴露疗法,200例术后伤口采用传统包扎疗法,术后观察伤口细菌感染和愈合情况,统计出伤口甲级愈合率,伤口细菌感染率,采用x2检验,用SPSS 17.0统计软件计算.结果 伤口甲级愈合率暴露疗法组为92.8%,明显高于包扎疗法组的91.5%(x2=12.2,P<0.01).伤口细菌感染率暴露疗法组和包扎疗法组相近(x2=0.06,P>0.05).结论 男性会阴部手术后伤口采用暴露疗法不会增加伤口细菌感染率,且伤口甲级愈合率明显提高.     

谈药品的属性和分类

将药品特征与药品属性结合起来，从自然属性、社会属性、法律属性和商品属性对药品加以描述，并将产品分类和药品属性相结合，以提高对药品概念的总体认识。     

医院以及医院药学的定位和服务方式转变

本文以新一轮医药卫生体制改革的内容为切入点,分析我国现有医院与医院药学的现状,并与国外医疗体系做对比;提出了公立医院的定位问题及如何发挥医院药学在医院中的作用,转变服务方式,加强药师队伍建设等问题。     

百乐眠胶囊治疗肝郁阴虚型失眠症的疗效观察

目的观察百乐眠胶囊治疗肝郁阴虚型失眠症的疗效。方法选择肝郁阴虚型失眠症患者50例,口服百乐眠胶囊,4粒/次,2次/d,14d为1个疗程,连续治疗两个疗程。结果在治疗前后用阿森斯(Athens)失眠量表(AIS)进行睡眠质量评分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论百乐眠胶囊是治疗肝郁阴虚型失眠症的安全有效药物。     

论钩藤的带钩率与质量控制

目的 论钩藤的带钩率与质量的关系,建立钩藤的显微鉴定和异钩藤碱的高效液相含量测定.方法 采用中药材粉末显微鉴定法,寻找钩藤药材在显微镜下的最常见的特征性细胞与带钩率的关系;用高效液相法测定不同带钩率的钩藤药材提取物的异钩藤碱含量.结果 显微鉴定:特征性细胞与带钩率不同有关联;含量测定方法:操作简单,准确,异钩藤碱在1.0943～70.0350 μg之间呈良好的线性关系,异钩藤碱的回收率为 97.83%.结论 本实验用定性、定量方法来检验不同带钩率的钩藤药材与提取物的质量,对药材的进一步开发利用提供了科学依据.并对传统用药习惯进行论证.     

白花前胡提取成分对心血管作用的研究进展

目的介绍国内外中药白花前胡提取成分对心血管作用的研究进展 ,为研究和开发中草药提供参考。方法以国内外大量有代表性的文献为基础 ,进行分析、整理和归纳。结果白花前胡提取成分保护心血管作用可能通过以下机制 :a .阻滞钙内流 ;b .抑制血小板聚集作用 ;c .促钾通道开放 ;d .调节心肌细胞动作电位 ;e .抗氧自由基和脂质过氧化作用实现。结论白花前胡及其有效成分在研究和开发防治心血管疾病新药方面具有广阔前景     

Interactions among the cannabinoids in the antagonism of the abdominal constriction response in the mouse

The ability of ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabinol (CBN), cannabidiol (CBD), 11-OH THC and 8,11-diOH THC to antagonise the abdominal constriction response in the mouse induced by formic acid, phenylquinone, 5-hydroxytryptamine, prostaglandin E₁ (PGE₁) and bradykinin was tested. THC was an effective antagonist against all nociceptive agents with an ED₅₀ in all cases between 1.0 and 2.6 mg/kg. CBN, while also effective against all nociceptive agents, was less potent than THC, with an ED₅₀ range between 46.2 and 112.5 mg/kg. CBD in doses as high as 200 mg/kg was without effect. Using PGE₁ as the nociceptive agent, 11-OH THC was equipotent to THC while 8,11-diOH THC was inactive. Naloxone, while able to antagonise the antinociceptive effect of morphine against formic acid-induced writhing, did not reverse the antinociceptive effects of THC. There were no pharmacological interactions between THC, CBD and CBN.     

从感应电作用于穴位的效应探讨穴位与神经系统的关系

本文通过感应电作用于穴位效应的实验结果,论述了穴位与传入神经、传出神经以及体表—内脏神经反射的关系,提出了“穴位实质是神经末梢部分在体表呈点状或片状集中分布聚合点。穴位的功能实质是神经系统本身的功能表现之一”的新观点。     

由于毛细现象液面上升高度计算的思考

毛细现象在日常生活和科技生产中都有着重要的作用。大部分同学在计算毛细管中液面上升高度时,往往因为不能抓住模型的本质而产生错误。本文针对两种不同的模型通过对比计算方法,指出了错误产生的原因从而加以规避。     

Acyl glucuronides: the good,the bad and the ugly

Acyl glucuronidation is the major metabolic conjugation reaction of most carboxylic acid drugs in mammals. The physiological consequences of this biotransformation have been investigated incompletely but include effects on drug metabolism, protein binding, distribution and clearance that impact upon pharmacological and toxicological outcomes. In marked contrast, the exceptional but widely disparate chemical reactivity of acyl glucuronides has attracted far greater attention. Specifically, the complex transacylation and glycation reactions with proteins have provoked much inconclusive debate over the safety of drugs metabolised to acyl glucuronides. It has been hypothesised that these covalent modifications could initiate idiosyncratic adverse drug reactions. However, despite a large body of in vitro data on the reactions of acyl glucuronides with protein, evidence for adduct formation from acyl glucuronides in vivo is limited and potentially ambiguous. The causal connection of protein adduction to adverse drug reactions remains uncertain. This review has assessed the intrinsic reactivity, metabolic stability and pharmacokinetic properties of acyl glucuronides in the context of physiological, pharmacological and toxicological perspectives. Although numerous experiments have characterised the reactions of acyl glucuronides with proteins, these might be attenuated substantially in vivo by rapid clearance of the conjugates. Consequently, to delineate a relationship between acyl glucuronide formation and toxicological phenomena, detailed pharmacokinetic analysis of systemic exposure to the acyl glucuronide should be undertaken adjacent to determining protein adduct concentrations in vivo. Further investigation is required to ascertain whether acyl glucuronide clearance is sufficient to prevent covalent modification of endogenous proteins and consequentially a potential immunological response. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

多模型合并预测法权数的确定及其预测精度探讨

本文应用合并预测法对广州市垃圾产量作了预测,并对模型中的权数作了求证。结果表明,合并预测值的均方误差,较构成它的单个模型的预测误差为小,合并预测可提高预测精确度,值得推广应用。对于受多种因素影响的预测项目,由于各种预测法均有其适用特点,通常难于选用简单预测法以获得适合其所研究的特定问题,此时,合并预测常具有较好的适用性。     

休克期削痂加复合植皮治疗大面积深度烧伤

目的　探讨休克期削痂加复合植皮治疗大面积深度烧伤的可行性。方法　对 15例烧伤面积(70 5± 19 2 ) %、深Ⅱ～Ⅲ度面积平均 (5 0 1± 2 0 5 ) %的患者采用休克期削痂加复合植皮 ,第一次手术时间是伤后 2 4～ 4 8h ,一次削痂面积约 (30 6± 9 3) % ,以神态、尿量、心率和中心静脉压 (centrevainpressure,CVP)为主要监护指标。结果　术中术后各监护指标在正常范围。治疗组病例全部治愈出院 ,与条件相似 16例休克期后削痂植皮患者对比 ,创面愈合天数缩短 12d左右。结论　休克期削痂加复合植皮治疗大面积深度烧伤是可行的。     

米诺环素对神经病理性疼痛大鼠脊髓星形胶质细胞激活的影响

目的观察米诺环素对CCI大鼠脊髓水平GFAP表达,探讨脊髓星形胶质细胞在神经病理性疼痛中的不同时程作用。方法将110只SD大鼠随机分成5组:A组:对照组(n=15)、B组:假手术组(n=25)、C组:CCI对照组(n=25)、D组:CCI预给药组(n=25)、E组:CCI治疗组(n=25)。分别测定各组在手术前(以第0天表示)以及手术后第1、4、7、11、14天损伤侧后肢50%机械刺激缩足阈值,然后相应分别取每组大鼠L4-6段脊髓,采用免疫组化染色方法测定脊髓背角星形胶质细胞GFAP表达变化情况。结果①坐骨神经结扎后大鼠出现痛觉过敏且持续增强存在。②B组和D组亦可见星形胶质细胞有轻微的激活,C组脊髓背角星形胶质细胞在术后7d发生明显激活,至术后14d星形胶质细胞被强烈的激活;E组星形胶质细胞术后有较明显的激活但无高峰期。结论脊髓水平星形胶质细胞的激活可能对神经病理性疼痛的产生维持发挥重要作用;米诺环素术前给药抑制星形胶质细胞的激活,减轻神经病理性疼痛。     

Henri Moissan: the man, the collector, the teacher

On December 10 1906, Henri Moissan was in Stockholm to receive the Nobel Prize for chemistry for his isolation of fluorine in 1886 and for his electric arc furnace he described for the first time in 1892 then later improved and which opened the way to the new field of high-temperature chemistry. This was the first Nobel Prize for chemistry awarded to a Frenchman and Moissan was the only French pharmacist to have received this high distinction. He died suddenly at the age of 54 years, two months after receiving his Nobel Prize. In this presentation, we report the main elements of his biography, recalling the man, the teacher and the great collector of paintings and autographs, particularly from the period of the French revolution. We have used several unpublished or little known documents concerning this great scientist who with is broad culture and malicious humor always found the time, despite his many obligations, to satisfy his literary and artistic tastes.     

参附脱毒胶囊联合美沙酮脱毒的疗效观察

目的:评价应用中西医结合对海洛因脱毒的疗效与不良反应。方法:将180例海洛因依赖者按入院时间先后顺序随机分为A、B两组,A组给与美沙酮口服液加参附脱毒胶囊,B组单用美沙酮,对照观察两组的疗效和不良反应。结果:在控制戒断症状方面,治疗早期,A组与B组比较无显著性差异(P﹥0.05),d4起两组比较有显著性差异(P﹤0.05),尤其在焦虑、寒战、骨骼肌肉痛、厌食、失眠、恶心呕吐记分差异有显著性或非常显著意义(P﹤0.05或P﹤0.01)。药物不良反应发生率较低。结论:美沙酮联合人参附子脱毒胶囊脱毒治疗,疗效可靠,特别利于控制后期稽延性戒断症状。药物不良反应少。     

皮神经营养血管岛状皮瓣修复肢体创面及Ⅰ期皮瓣感觉重建的研究

目的应用逆行皮神经营养血管筋膜蒂岛状皮瓣修复四肢肌腱、骨外露创面及皮瓣感觉重建。方法自1995年10月以来,应用该类型皮瓣修复手部创面20例,Ⅰ期邻近皮神经吻合皮瓣感觉重建10例,皮瓣面积最大17cm×12cm,最小8cm×7cm,蒂长2~5cm,宽4~5cm。修复膝、小腿及足部创面32例,皮瓣面积最大26·5cm×9cm,最小10cm×6cm,蒂长7~12cm,宽3~6cm。Ⅰ期邻近皮神经吻合皮瓣感觉重建12例。结果术后皮瓣完全成活48例,边缘部分坏死2例,完全坏死2例。经过3个月至2年的随访表明皮瓣感觉重建病例组感觉恢复S29例,S313例,较未吻合皮神经组的皮肤感觉有明显的差别。结论逆行皮神经营养血管筋膜蒂岛状皮血供可靠,不损伤肢体主要动脉。皮瓣所携带的皮神经与临近神经吻合可同时重建手掌及足底等重要部位的感觉功能,可作为四肢创伤皮肤缺损骨外露修复的首选皮瓣。     

新生儿使用多巴胺时静脉血管保护方法的探讨

目的 探讨新生儿在使用多巴胺药物治疗时的静脉血管保护方法.方法 提取2008年2月至2010年5月期间儿科病例资料60例,对静脉输液的治疗方法及护理方法进行分析,并与同期未进行相应血管保护方法60例进行对比.结果 60例新生儿在应用多巴胺静脉输注过程中,4例出现轻微不良反应.2例出现严重不良反应;对照组患者出现轻微不良反应8例,出现严重不良反应6例,两组不良反应经过治疗全部痊愈.结论 血管选择优化,均匀给药,控制给药时间及良好的固定措施,配合临床密切观察来预防不良反应,是预防和保护血管发生损害的工作重点.