超声乳化吸除白内障联合房角粘连分离术治疗急性闭角型青光眼

目的:探讨超声乳化白内障吸除联合折叠式人工晶状体植入联合房角分离术治疗急性闭角型青光眼临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析采用超声乳化白内障吸除联合折叠式人工晶状体植入联合房角分离术治疗急性闭角型青光眼80例80眼临床资料。结果:术后最佳矫正视力较术前显著提高;患者术后眼压显著下降(P<0.01);房角粘连关闭象限均有不同程度开放。结论:白内障超声乳化及前房分离治疗闭角型青光眼合并白内障具有安全、降眼压确切、增进视力和开放房角的效果。     

超声乳化白内障吸除联合小梁切除术治疗闭角型青光眼合并白内障

目的：探讨双切口白内障超声乳化吸除人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术治疗闭角型青光眼合并白内障的临床疗效。方法：回顾分析双切口白内障超声乳化吸除人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术治疗闭角型青光眼合并白内障患者65例70眼,术后随访3~12mo,观察视力、眼压及并发症的发生。
　　结果：术后患者视力≤0.1者2眼,>0.1~0.3者6眼,0.4~0.8者60眼,≥1.0者2眼,术后眼压在正常范围内(<21mmHg)者69眼,1眼术后出现浅前房,经治疗改善。
　　结论：双切口白内障超声乳化吸除人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术治疗闭角型青光眼合并白内障手术成功率高,疗效佳,是一种理想的手术方式。     

超声乳化联合房角分离术治疗闭角型青光眼术后眼压失控合并白内障

目的探讨白内障超声乳化联合房角分离术治疗闭角型青光眼术后眼压失控合并白内障的价值。方法对合并老年性白内障青光眼术后眼压失控的18例24只眼行白内障超声乳化人工晶体植入联合房角分离术,观察手术前后的视力,眼压、房角及视野的变化。结果术后视力除2例眼底病变外均有大幅提高;平均眼压由术前的(27.3±3.3)mmHg降至术后的(13.6±2.9)mmHg(t=0.19,p<0.01),术后房角检查较术前有不同程度的开放;视野检查无缩小但视敏度明显提高。结论白内障超声乳化联合房角分离术是治疗合并老年性白内障青光眼术后眼压失控的有效方法,但手术适应症应有一定限制。     

白内障超声乳化联合房角粘连分离术治疗闭角型青光眼合并白内障

目的:观察白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入联合房角粘连分离术治疗闭角型青光眼的疗效以及术后房角形态的改变。方法:白内障超声乳化联合房角分离术治疗闭角型青光眼48例(54眼),对手术前后的视力、眼压、视野、中央前房深度、房角形态进行对照观察。结果:术后随访3～6mo,54眼中48眼视力较前有明显提高。54眼前房深度均加深,术前前房深度(1.612±0.354)mm,术后前房深度(3.296±0.243)mm。54眼术后眼压明显降低,术前眼压(22.42±3.53)mmHg,术后眼压(13.52±3.24)mmHg。房角镜检查术后1mo和3mo随访房角均开放,未发现房角再粘连。48例术后6mo复查视野无缩小。结论:白内障超声乳化房角分离术可有效治疗闭角型青光眼合并白内障的患者。     

白内障超声乳化联合房角分离手术治疗白内障合并闭角型青光眼

目的: 探讨白内障超声乳化联合房角分离术治疗白内障合并闭角型青光眼的临床效果。方法: 闭角型青光眼合并白内障55例55眼均接受超声乳化人工晶状体植入联合房角分离术。对术前、术后1wk;3,6mo的眼压、视力、前房深度及房角的变化进行随访观察。结果: 术前平均眼压22.4±3.1mmHg,术后14.3±4.1mmHg,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术前中央前房深度为1.49±0.31mm,术后随访平均深度为3.04±0.34mm,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后视力较术前均有所提高。术前房角关闭范围≤180°者36眼,术后房角均增宽开放。结论: 白内障超声乳化联合房角分离术是治疗白内障合并闭角型青光眼的一种安全、有效的方法。     

超声乳化白内障吸除人工晶状体植入术治疗原发性闭角型青光眼

目的探讨晶状体超声乳化吸除联合后房型人工晶状体植入术治疗白内障合并原发性闭角型青光眼的疗效。方法2002年2月～2004年3月本院收治白内障合并原发性闭角型青光眼34例（36只眼）。术前控制眼压,经视力检查、前房角镜和裂隙灯显微镜等检查后,均单独采用晶状体超声乳化吸除联合后房型人工晶状体植入术。术后随访1—12个月。结果32只眼视力较术前提高,视力〉0．5者占69．5％;33只眼术后眼压〈21mmHg（1mmHg=0．133kPa）,另3只眼用一种降眼压药物眼压控制在21mmHg以下;全部治疗眼前房加深,房角粘连范围减轻。结论超声乳化白内障吸除联合后房型人工晶状体植入术可有效地治疗合并白内障的原发性闭角型青光眼。     

超声乳化及房角分离术治疗闭角型青光眼合并白内障临床观察

目的观察超声乳化及房角分离术治疗闭角型青光跟合并白内障的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析22例(22只眼)闭角型青光眼合并白内障患者,房角关闭小于1/2者单纯行白内障超声乳化摘除及折叠人工晶状体植入术,房角关闭大于1/2者行白内障超声乳化摘除及折叠人工晶状体植入联合房角分离术。结果术后随访22只眼眼压均控制在正常范围内,平均眼压为(12.1±3.9)mmHg,全部病例术后视力均有提高,视力0.5及以上者16只眼,中央前房深度较术前增加,19只眼术后房角全部开放。结论白内障超声乳化及房角分离术治疗闭角型青光眼合并白内障具有安全、降眼压确切、增进视力和开放房角的效果。     

超声乳化白内障吸除房角分离虹膜周边切除术治疗闭角型青光眼合并白内障的临床观察

目的探讨超声乳化白内障吸除，折叠式人工晶体植入、房角分离、虹膜周边切除术治疗急慢性闭角型青光眼合并自内障的疗效。方法回顾2001年3月-2006年6月收治急慢性闭角型青光眼患者38例，均伴有晶状体浑浊，未做过青光眼手术，视力〈0．6，采用白内障超声乳化下人工晶体植入联合房角分离术、虹膜周边切除术，随访3个月～5年，对比术前、术后的视力、眼压、前房深度及前房角变化。结果22眼急慢性闭角型青光眼和12眼慢性闭角型青光眼术后眼压控制在正常范围，视力恢复良好；4只慢性闭角型青光眼房角粘连〉2／3，术后近期眼压控制好，术后1．5—2年眼压再次增高，药物效果差，再次行青光眼小梁切除术后，眼压控制在正常范围。结论超声乳化白内障吸除人工晶体植入联合房角分离虹膜周边切除术是治疗急性闭角型青光眼、慢性闭角型（房角粘连闭合〈2／3）合并白内障的有效方法，但仍需长期随访。     

超声乳化联合房角分离术治疗青光眼合并白内障的疗效

目的:观察超声乳化联合房角分离手术治疗合并闭角型青光眼白内障的临床效果。方法:对合并闭角型青光眼的白内障患者56例56眼均在表面麻醉+球后麻醉下行透明角膜切口的白内障超声乳化联合房角分离术。结果:术后仅5眼在4d内眼压轻度增高(25～30mmHg),经治疗后眼压降至20mmHg以下,随访3～24mo眼压正常。术后视力较术前明显提高,达0.3～0.8,中央前房深度、房角与术前相比均有不同程度改善。结论:对于部分合并闭角型青光眼的白内障患者,超声乳化联合房角分离术是一种便捷、安全、有效的方法,具有降压和增视的双重效果。     

白内障超声乳化吸除联合房角分离治疗合并有白内障的闭角型青光眼

目的 观察和评价行白内障超声乳化吸除联合房角分离治疗合并有白内障的闭角型青光眼的有效性.方法 对24例(32只眼)合并有白内障的闭角型青光眼患者实施透明角膜切口白内障超声乳化吸除、人工晶状体植入联合房角分离术.结果 32只眼视力均有不同程度提高,随访3～14个月,术后29只眼眼压控制在21mmHg以内,1只眼眼压偏高需联合降眼压药物治疗,2只眼再次行滤过性手术治疗,眼压得以控制.结论 白内障超声乳化吸除联合房角分离术对于绝大多数合并有白内障的闭角型青光眼患者是相当有效的,与滤过性手术相比,手术并发症少.     

Strabisme Alternant - Etude clinique - traitement

The author defines motor and sensory alternation: the term alternation should not be used in isolation, it should always be accompanied by the name of the parameter concerned. Sensory alternation is always found together with motor alternation but the reverse is not true.The examining criteria for a diagnosis of sensory alternation are given, sensory alternation must not be confused with alternating inhibition. Working from clinical observations of cases of motor alternating strabismus, the author selects 2 types of binocular sensory relations which allow one to differentiate between:- cases of primary alternating strabismus- cases of secondary alternating strabismusThese forms will develop in different ways; in both cases a cure is possible providing that the right treatment is prescribed and once prescribed carefully followed, etc. It is always a case of serious forms of strabismus whose developmental period is spread over several years.According to the authors, the frequency of cases of true primary strabismus is from 1–3%, the frequency of cases of secondary alternating strabismus varies according to the type of therapy practised on cases of monocular strabismus with amblyopia. These latter will become cases of alternating strabismus under the influence of certain types of therapy carried out over several years (penalization, rocking, alternated occlusion, etc...).Experimental data on kittens confirm clinical data; kittens placed in abnormal environments during the sensitive period will show modification in the distribution of cortical cells and the absence of binocular cells (either because the excitation of the two eyes was not simultaneous, or not identical: artificial strabismus, occlusion, opaque glasses). This disturbances become irreversible after a certain period of exposure (a function of age, length of exposure, etc...).It is thus necessary to bear in mind: 1) the iatrogenic risks of certain orthoptic treatments, 2) the necessity for a binocular form of treatment as soon as possible, as once a certain stage is passed, cortical plasticity diminishes and the elaboration of normal binocular relations becomes impossible.

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Effects of Adenosine Agonists on Intraocular Pressure and Aqueous Humor Dynamics in Cynomolgus Monkeys

The effects of single or multiple topical doses of the relatively selective A₁adenosine receptor agonists (R)-phenylisopropyladenosine (R-PIA) and N⁶-cyclohexyladenosine (CHA) on intraocular pressure (IOP), aqueous humor flow (AHF) and outflow facility were investigated in ocular normotensive cynomolgus monkeys. IOP and AHF were determined, under ketamine anesthesia, by Goldmann applanation tonometry and fluorophotometry, respectively. Total outflow facility was determined by anterior chamber perfusion under pentobarbital anesthesia. A single unilateral topical application of R-PIA (20–250 μg) or CHA (20–500 μg) produced ocular hypertension (maximum rise=4.9 or 3.5 mmHg) within 30 min, followed by ocular hypotension (maximum fall=2.1 or 3.6 mmHg) from 2–6 hr. The relatively selective adenosine A₂antagonist 3,7-dimethyl-1-propargylxanthine (DMPX, 320 μg) inhibited the early hypertension, without influencing the hypotension. Neither 100 μg R-PIA nor 500 μg CHA clearly altered AHF. Total outflow facility was increased by 71% 3 hr after 100 μg R-PIA. In conclusion, the early ocular hypertension produced by topical adenosine agonists in cynomolgus monkeys is associated with the activation of adenosine A₂receptors, while the subsequent hypotension appears to be mediated by adenosine A₁receptors and results primarily from increased outflow facility.