人工泪液对糖尿病干眼患者泪河的影响

目的探讨2型糖尿病干眼患者使用人工泪液后泪河的变化。方法随机选取2型糖尿病干眼患者50例(100眼)、正常对照者50例(100眼)。糖尿病干眼患者使用人工泪液眼液治疗1个月。采用眼前节相干光学断层扫描仪记录并比较治疗前后患者的泪河高度(tear meniscus height,TMH)、泪河深度(tear meniscus depth,TMD)以及泪河横截面面积(tear meniscus area,TMA)。结果治疗前糖尿病干眼组TMH为(0.184±0.036)mm,正常对照组(0.218±0.041)mm(t=6.232,P<0.01);糖尿病干眼组TMD为(0.165±0.017)mm,正常对照组(0.192±0.009)mm(t=14.037,P<0.01);糖尿病干眼组TMA为(0.021±0.082)mm2,正常对照组(0.052±0.013)mm2(t=3.734,P<0.01)。糖尿病干眼组使用人工泪液1个月后TMD为(0.197±0.014)mm,TMH为(0.181±0.012)mm、TMA为(0.049±0.051)mm2,各项均较使用前显著增加(TMH:t=3.366、P<0.01;TMD:t=7.689、P<0.01;TMA:t=2.900、P<0.01)。结论人工泪液可以有效地改善糖尿病干眼患者的泪河状态,眼前节光学相干断层扫描仪可以作为糖尿病干眼诊断和疗效评价的重要手段,但具体的评估标准有待更大样本、更加详细的临床研究。     

前节OCT评估抗生素滴眼液对泪河的影响

目的 利用前节OCT探讨点用抗生素滴眼液后泪河的变化,以期指导临床合理用药.方法 使用前节光学相干断层扫描(OCT)测量点用左氧氟沙星和0.3%盐酸左氧氟沙星透明质酸钠(SA)滴眼液前后泪河的参数,比较其变化.结果 青年近视患者眼泪液截面积为平均为(0.038±0.029)mm2,泪河深度(TMD)平均为(193.70±62.35)μm,泪河高度(TMH)平均为(302.79±121.72)μm.点用左氧氟沙星后泪液截面积为平均为(0.023±0.011)mm2,泪河深度平均为(160.81±44.98)μm,泪河高度平均为(238.26±54.33)μm,均比点药前减少,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);点用0.3%盐酸左氧氟沙星透明质酸钠滴眼液后泪液截面积为平均为(0.025±0.014)mm2,泪河深度平均为(164.85±49.71)μm,泪河高度平均为(242.19±66.15)μm,均比点药前减少,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);点药前后双眼之间上述指标差异没有统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 点用左氧氟沙星滴眼液和0.3%盐酸左氧氟沙星透明质酸钠滴眼液均会减少泪河截面积、高度和深度,提示临床抗生素滴眼液应合理使用,适时保护泪膜.

Abstract：

Objective To study the change of tear meniscus arer antibiotic eye drops with optical coherence tomography and to instruct clinical usage of antibiotic eye drops properly.Methods Optical coherence tomography was used to measure tear meniscus before and after drop levofloxacin or 0.3% levofloxacin hydrochloride sodium hyaluronate,and the changes were compared.Results The cross-section of the inferior tear meniscus in myopic eye of young people was 0.038±0.029 mm2,tear meniscus depth was(193.70±62.35)μ m and tear meniscus height was(302.79± 121.72)μ m.The inferior tear meniscus decreased after drop levofloxacin.The cross-section of the inferior tear meniscus was(0.023± 0.011)mm2,tear meniscus depth was(160.8 1± 44.98)μ m,tear meniscus height was(238.26± 54.33)μ m,and they all had statistical difference with no eye drops(P ＜0.01).The inferior tear meniscus decreased after drop 0.3% levofloxacin hydrochloride SA.The cross-section of the inferior tear meniscus was(0.025 ± 0.014)mm2,tear meniscus depth was (164.85± 49.71)μ m,tear meniscus height was(242.19± 66.15)μ m and there was statistical difference between the same eye before and after using the eye drops(P ＜0.05),and there was no statistical difference between both eyes pre and after using the eye drops(P ＞0.05).Conclusions The tear meniscus cross-section,depth and height decrease after using drop levofloxacin and 0.3% levofloxacin hydrochloride SA which suggests that antibiotic eye drops should be used rationally in order to care and protect tear film properly in clinic.     

前节OCT泪河测量的相关参数在干眼诊断中的应用研究

目的 探讨前节相干光断层扫描（optical coherence tomography, OCT）测量泪河的相关参数与干眼诊断指标间的相关性,并对其在干眼诊断中的敏感性和特异性进行分析。设计 前瞻性病例系列。研究对象 2015年6-12月北京同仁眼科中心干眼患者69例（69眼）及对照组44例（44眼）。方法 所有被检查者均按如下顺序进行检查：眼表疾病评分指数（ocular surface disease index, OSDI）问卷调查、泪河的OCT测量、泪膜干涉成像仪检查、泪膜破裂时间（BUT）测定、角结膜荧光素染色、基础泪液分泌试验（SchirmerⅠ）。比较干眼组与正常对照组各项参数的差异。干眼组中各参数相关性分析使用Spearman相关分析法,各参数敏感性及特异性采用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线及ROC曲线下面积（AUC）来计算。主要指标 OSDI评分、BUT、Schirmer I、角结膜染色评分、泪膜脂质层评分、泪河高度（tear meniscus height,TMH）、泪河深度（tear meniscus depth,TMD）及泪河横截面积（tear meniscus area,THA）。结果 干眼组患者OSDI评分（49.03 ±22.791）、角结膜染色评分（1.18±1.84）明显高于对照组的（8.91 ±4.99）和（0.24 ± 0.52）（P<0.001、 P=0.016);干眼组患者BUT （4.32 ±1.92 s）及Schirmer I（4.29 ±3.77 mm）明显低于对照组的（7.43 ±5.39 s）及（7.48 ±3.65 mm） （P<0.001、P=0.006）。两组泪膜脂质层评分无明显统计学差异 （P=0.158）。干眼组患者TMD、TMH、TMA平均值分别为（127.12 ± 86.95）μm、（152.52 ± 125.15）μm、（12119 ± 1342）μm2,均明显小于对照组的（188.25±87.38）μm、（235.41±135.90）μm、（23099 ±1965）μm2（P<0.001、0.001、0.001）。干眼组TMD、TMH、TMA值三项参数分别与OSDI、Schirmer I、TBUT之间有相关性（P均<0.05）,其诊断干眼的AUC值分别为0.934、0.890、0.925。结论 前节OCT检测的泪河相关参数与干眼临床诊断的指标（OSDI、TBUT、Schirmer I）存在较好的相关性,是一种较为可靠的干眼诊断及随诊方法。     

三种泪液评估方法在干眼诊断中相关性及一致性研究

目的:研究SchirmerⅠ试验(SⅠt)、泪河高度(TMH)、新一代泪液检测技术泪河试纸(SMTube)三种泪液评估方法在干眼诊断中的相关性及其评价泪液量的一致性。方法:采用诊断试验研究方法,选择2021-05/06期间按照就诊顺序,随机纳入就诊于河南省立眼科医院干眼门诊的干眼患者183例183眼(均纳入右眼)。均行SⅠt、TMH和SMTube检查,对测量结果的相关性和一致性进行分析。结果:纳入患者OSDI问卷得分为43.75(31.25,58.33)分,NIBUT为7.26(4.97,9.37)s, SⅠt测量结果为6(2,12)mm/5min, TMH测量结果为0.18(0.14,0.22)mm, SMTube测量结果为5(3,8)mm/5s;相关性分析结果：TMH与SMTube呈正相关(r_s=0.751,P<0.001),SⅠt与TMH(r_s=0.139,P=0.060)和SMTube(r_s=0.019,P=0.799)无相关性。一致性分析结果：TMH与SMTube评价泪液量的一致性好(Kappa=0.79...     

传统检查方法与OCT在狼疮性肾炎所致干眼症诊断的应用

目的:应用传统干眼症检查方法与光学相干断层扫描(OCT)对狼疮性肾炎患者进行干眼症检查,分析狼疮性肾炎与干眼症患病关系,并探讨传统检查方法与OCT在干眼症诊断方面的作用.方法:选取2014-01/2015-01在我院肾脏病科住院的狼疮性肾炎患者组和患者家属(无免疫系统疾病史)作为正常对照组各27例54眼,分别进行干眼症症状询问、行泪液分泌试验(Schirmer Ⅰ test,SⅠt)、泪膜破裂时间(break-up time,BUT)、角膜荧光素染色(fluorescein staining,FL)、光学相干断层扫描(OCT)测量泪河高度(tear meniscus height,TMH)及面积(tear meniscus area,TMA)检查.结果:狼疮性肾炎组干眼症主观症状发生率(59％)高于对照组(35％),SⅠt低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01),BUT短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01),角膜荧光素染色阳性率(63％)高于对照组(30％),光学相干断层扫描测TMH低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.002),TMA小于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.028).OCT测量TMH与S Ⅰ t(P=O.012)、BUT(P=0.002)检查呈正相关;OCT测量TMA与S Ⅰ t(P=0.023)、BUT(P=0.004)检查呈正相关.结论:狼疮性肾炎患者干眼症患病率高,OCT作为一种操作简便、高效、准确的干眼症检查方法,在干眼症的诊断中具有价值.     

眼前节相干光断层扫描测量下方泪河高度及其在干眼症诊断中的应用

目的 探讨应用眼前节相干光断层扫描仪(AS-OCT)测量下方泪河高度(TMH)的可行性及其对干眼症的临床诊断价值.方法 诊断试验的评价.选择2007年11月至2008年8月就诊于中山大学中山眼科中心的36例(36只眼)不同程度干眼症患者和38例(38只眼)正常志愿者,应用AS-OCT和测微月镜测量下方泪河高度,采用配对t检验、组内相关系数、单因素方差分析及Spearman秩相关分析等方法,比较正常人组与十眼症患者组、两研究者同一时间获取分析同一组人的TMH值、两研究者分析同一检查者获取的TMH值、同一研究者1周前后重复的测量值,以及比较AS-OCT与裂隙灯显微镜下测微目镜的TMH值.结果 同一时间两研究者独立获取分析22只正常眼TMH值分别为(0.256±0.052)mm和(0.265±0.066)mm,同一研究者不同时间获取分析20只正常眼TMH值分别为(0.265±0.056)mm和(0.272±0.052)mm,两研究者分析20只正常眼TMH值分别为(0.266±0.059)mm和(0.259±0.062)mm,差异均无统计学意义(t=1.881,P=0.074;t=1.306,P=0.207;t=2.048,P=0.065);AS-OCT与测微目镜测量TMH结果呈正相关(r=0.713,P=0.000);正常人泪河高度明显高于干眼患者(t=9.368,P=0.000),正常眼和2、3、4级程度干眼组TMH值[(0.228±0.036)mm,(0.145±0.056)mm,(0.084±0.048)mm]的组间有明显差异(F=55.763.P=0.000).绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线),将诊断界别值定为0.213 mm,其敏感性为77.8%,特异性为71.7%.结论 应用眼前节相干光断层扫描测量泪河高度具有良好的可重复性和町靠性,有望作为临床上诊断水样液缺乏性干眼症的客观指标之一.(中华眼科杂志,2009,45:616-620)     

非侵人性泪膜功能检查在干眼诊断中的初步应用

目的采用Oculus四代角膜地形图仪分析干眼患者泪膜功能及首发破裂部位的分布情况。设计前瞻性比较性病例系列。研究对象2013年7-9月在北京同仁眼科中心就诊的干眼患者51例（51眼）及对照组86例（86眼）。方法对受检者进行眼表疾病评分指数（Ocular Surface Disease Index,OSDI）问卷调查,使用Oculus四代角膜地形图仪进行非侵入性泪膜破裂时间（noninvasive tear breakup time,NITBUT）及泪河高度（tear meniscus height,TMH）测定。分析干眼组及对照组OSDI评分、首发泪膜破裂时间（the first NITBUT,NITBUTf）、平均泪膜破裂时间（the average NITBUT,NITBUTav）及泪河高度差异及各项指标之间的相关性。以角膜中心点为圆心,1 mm间距将角膜划分为1～8环,并以横、纵坐标为界划分为四个象限,这样将角膜划分为29个区域。分析每位受检者首次泪膜破裂的部位,并比较分析两组受检者组间差异。主要指标OSDI评分、NITBUTf、NITBUTav、泪河高度及泪膜破裂首发部位。结果干眼组与对照组OSDI分值、NITBUTf及NITBUTav分别为（31.41±14.20）分和（4.80±7.40）分,（3.99±0.61）s和（8.90±3.51）s,（7.54±3.11）s和（11.76±4.30）s（P=0.000,0.000,0.016）,两组泪河高度分别为（0.22±0.098）mm和（0.25±0.096）mm（P=0.217）。OSDI评分与NITBUTf、NITBUTav呈线性负相关（r=-0.760、-0.490,P均=0.000）,NITBUTf与NITBUTav呈线性正相关（r=0.671,P=0.000）,泪河高度与OSDI评分、NITBUTf、NITBUTav均无相关性（P均〉0.05）。干眼组及对照组泪膜破裂首发部位主要分布在2~5环（分别占73.08%、75.42%）;泪膜破裂首发部位在不同环间出现的概率,两组受试者均具有统计学意义（χ2=13.897、30.017,P=0.031、0.000）。以四个象限为分区单位,干眼组及对照组泪膜破裂首发部位出现概率均无统计学意义（χ2=2.103、5.186,P=0.551、0.159）。结论 Oculus四代角膜地形图仪能客观地检查泪?     

泪小管塞栓治疗重度慢性眼移植物抗宿主病的安全性和有效性

目的:评估泪小管塞栓治疗重度慢性眼移植物抗宿主病(coGVHD)的安全性和有效性。方法:回顾性研究。纳入2022-06/09就诊于徐州医科大学附属医院干眼门诊的重度coGVHD患者9例,均行双眼下泪小管塞栓术。观察术前、术后1、3mo眼表疾病指数(OSDI)评分、泪河高度(TMH)、角膜荧光素染色评分(CFS)、结膜丽丝胺绿染色评分(CLGS)、非接触式泪膜破裂时间(NIBUT)、SchirmerⅠ试验(SⅠt)和使用共聚焦角膜显微镜检测角膜浅基质层浸润的朗格汉斯细胞密度,记录并发症发生情况。结果:术后3mo,患者OSDI评分为21.89±6.07分,较术前(67.33±12.64分)下降(P<0.01);TMH术后3mo为0.21±0.03mm较术前0.09±0.02mm上升(P<0.05);NIBUT术后3mo为6.77±2.05s较术前2.24±0.68s上升(P<0.01)。CFS和CLGS术后3mo为2.22±0.67、2.56±0.88分较术前(9.11±1.45、6.33±1.00分)下降(均P<0.01)。朗格汉斯细胞密度术后3mo为39.67±...     

光学相干断层扫描测量下方泪河高度诊断2型糖尿病患者眼干燥症的可行性

目的 探讨应用光学相干断层扫描(optical coherence tomography,OCT)测量下方泪河高度(tear meniscus height,TMH)诊断2型糖尿病患者眼干燥症的可行性.方法 选择2011年3月至12月就诊于哈尔滨医科大学附属第四医院眼科的48例(48眼)不同程度2型糖尿病眼干燥症患者和50例(50眼)正常志愿者,应用OCT和测微目镜测量下方TMH值,采用配对t检验、组内相关系数、两独立样本t检验、单因素方差分析及Spearman秩相关分析等方法,比较正常眼组与2型糖尿病眼干燥症患者组TMH值、两研究者分析同一检查者获取的TMH值、两研究者同一时间获取的同一组人的TMH值、同一研究者1周前后重复的测量值,以及比较OCT获得的TMH值与裂隙灯显微镜下测微目镜获得的TMH值.结果 OCT检测结果表明,正常眼下方TMH值[(0.257±0.048)mm]明显高于2级、3级、4级2型糖尿病眼干燥症组下方TMH值[(0.217±0.037) mm、(0.125±0.048) mm、(0.072±0.039) mm],差异均有统计学意义(均为P＜0.05),且不同程度糖尿病眼干燥症患者组间TMH值亦有明显差异(F=54.683,P=0.000).绘制受试者工作特征曲线,将诊断临界值定为0.221 mm,其敏感性为76.9％,特异性为72.6％.两研究者分析22只正常眼下方TMH值分别为(0.257 ±0.048) mm和(0.253 ±0.059) mm,同一时间两研究者独立获取并分析的24只正常眼的下方TMH值分别为(0.253±0.048)mm和(0.267±0.058)mm,同一研究者不同时间获取的22只正常眼下方TMH值分别为(0.264±0.049) mm和(0.264 ±0.041) mm,差异均无统计学意义(均为P＞0.05).OCT与测微目镜测量下方TMH值[(0.251±0.032) mm]结果呈显著正相关(r=0.658,P=0.000).结论 应用OCT测量下方TMH值具有良好的可靠性和可重复性,有望成为临床上诊断2型糖尿病患者眼干燥症的客观指标之一.     

生物以及手术参数对白内障超声乳化术后泪河高度的影响

目的应用眼前节相干光断层扫描(AS-OCT)观察白内障超声乳化术后泪河高度(TMH)的改变,探讨生物以及手术参数对白内障术后 TMH 的影响方法选取45例(50只眼)行白内障超声乳化术联合人工晶状体植入术患者,记录患者的年龄、晶状体核分级、切口累积消散能量(CDE)、超声时间,术前、术后1个月时 TMH,分析 TMH 改变量与各指标间的相关性.结果患者术前 TMH 为(0.286±0.059)mm,术后1个月 TMH 为(0.217±0.026) mm,两者间存在显著性差异( P <0.001). TMH 减少量与年龄、超声时间、CDE、晶状体核分级呈正相关(均为 P <0.005).结论白内障超声乳化术后患者 TMH 有所降低,其与患者术后干眼症状有一定的相关性.术后 TMH 降低的因素是多方面的. AS-OCT 有望作为临床上诊断白内障术后干眼的客观指标之一.     

Tear meniscus measurement in nasolacrimal duct obstruction patients with Fourier‐domain optical coherence tomography: novel three‐point capture method

Purpose: Fourier‐domain optical coherence tomography (FD ODT) for the evaluation of marginal tear film has not been performed in patients with watery eye or in a controlled study. We used FD OCT to evaluate the height of the lower lid tear film at three points in normal adults and compared it with two watery eye groups. Methods: We prospectively evaluated with FD OCT 25 normal subjects and 44 patients with a watery eye. Twenty‐three patients with primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction (PANDO) and 21 patients with functional nasolacrimal duct obstruction (FNLDO) were enrolled. Three images were obtained by three vertical FD OCT scans centred on the lower eyelid and inferior cornea, the medial limbus and the lateral limbus. The tear meniscus height (TMH), tear meniscus depth (TMD) and tear meniscus area (TMA) were measured with computer calipers and compared at three points between the two groups. Results: Watery eyes have significantly greater median TMHs at three points (medial: 584 μm, central: 592 μm, lateral: 470 μm) than controls (274, 291, 205 μm, p < 0.001). Medial and central TMHs were higher than lateral TMH in controls and watery eyes. TMD and TMA also increased significantly in watery eyes (p < 0.001). There was a significant increase in central TMH compared to medial TMH in FNLDOs than in PANDOs (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Fourier‐domain OCT is a valuable clinical tool in the evaluation of TMH in normal and watery eyes. TMH at three points can be a useful clinical parameter that investigates changes of lower tear meniscus pattern in both PANDO and FNLDO groups.     

The diagnostic significance of Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography in Sjögren syndrome, aqueous tear deficiency and lipid tear deficiency patients

Purpose: To determine the role of Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT) in tear meniscus imaging and evaluate its diagnostic significance in Sj?gren syndrome (SS), non-Sj?gren's aqueous tear deficiency (ATD) and lipid tear deficiency (LTD) patients. Methods: Two hundred and thirty-six dry eye patients and 174 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. All subjects were grouped as follows: group A (ATD), group B (LTD), group C (SS) and group D (normal controls). All subjects underwent dry eye questionnaire, FD-OCT scanning, tear film break-up time (BUT), corneal fluorescence staining and Schirmer I test (SIT). Tear meniscus height (TMH), tear meniscus depth (TMD) and tear meniscus cross-sectional area (TMA) were measured using FD-OCT (RTVue-100). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and the cut-off point were determined using a logistic regression model. Results: Mean TMH, TMD, TMA, BUT and SIT of dry eye patients were significantly lower than those of the controls (p?相似文献   

Investigation of tear film change after recovery from acute conjunctivitis

PURPOSE: To study the changes of tear film after recovery from acute conjunctivitis. METHODS: This study involved 73 eyes of 56 consecutive patients who complained of dry eye after recovery from acute conjunctivitis at the Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center. Excluded were other factors that could affect the stability of the tear film. Tear film breakup time (BUT), Schirmer 1 test (S1T), tear meniscus height (TMH), and fluorescein staining (FL) were performed on both recovered and healthy eyes. The scores were measured at 3, 7, 14, 21, and 30 days after recovery. RESULTS: Compared with the results of the healthy eyes, most scores of BUT, S1T, TMH, and FL were all abnormal until day 30 after recovery from acute conjunctivitis. BUT decreased at 3, 7, 14, and 21 days (P < 0.05). S1T decreased at 3, 7, and 21 days (P < 0.05). TMH values became less than normal at 3, 7, and 14 days (P < 0.05). FL increased significantly at 7, 14, and 21 days (P < 0.05). At 30 days after recovery, all of the test scores returned to normal (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: During acute conjunctivitis, inflammation and topical therapeutic agents can alter the tear film secretion, resulting in dry eye for nearly 1 month in recovered eyes. To minimize the effect of topical agents to the tear film, individualized treatment instead of frequent instillation of topical agents is recommended for acute conjunctivitis.     

不同脂质层厚度干眼患者泪膜稳定性的观察研究

目的:探讨不同脂质层厚度条件下泪膜稳定性的差异。方法:纳入2020-06/2021-12于我院就诊的干眼患者194例384眼,应用角膜地形图仪行双眼泪河高度、首次泪膜破裂时间和脂质层厚度测量,分析不同脂质层厚度条件下双眼泪河高度、首次泪膜破裂时间的差异及其相关性。结果:根据脂质层厚度将纳入患者(384眼)分为脂质丰富组(49眼)、脂质平衡组(27眼)、脂质轻微缺乏组(266眼)、脂质显著缺乏组(42眼),四组泪河高度有差异(P=0.022),首次泪膜破裂时间无差异(P=0.322)。脂质层厚度分级与泪河高度呈正相关(r_s=0.143,P=0.006),与首次泪膜破裂时间无相关性(r_s=-0.090,P=0.083);泪河高度与首次泪膜破裂时间也无相关性(r_s=0.038,P=0.460)。结论:泪膜脂质层厚度不同的干眼患者泪膜稳定性无明显差异。     

玻璃酸钠联合氯替泼诺滴眼液与单纯玻璃酸钠滴眼液治疗儿童干眼的疗效比较

目的：探讨玻璃酸钠联合氯替泼诺滴眼液对比单纯玻璃酸钠滴眼液在临床治疗干眼患儿时的作用和安全性。

方法：选取2014-08/2016-08于本院接受人工泪液治疗的水液缺乏型干眼儿童共128例256眼,依据随机数字表法,将两组患儿随机分为联合组和对照组各64例128眼,联合组给予玻璃酸钠联合氯替泼诺滴眼液治疗,对照组给予单纯的玻璃酸钠滴眼液治疗。于治疗前和治疗后2、6wk行眼表综合分析系统(Keratograph 5M)检查,测定泪膜破裂时间(tear break-up time,BUT)、泪河高度、睑板腺红外线照相,裂隙灯下观察角膜荧光素染色,对各项观察指标进行统计学处理。

结果：治疗2wk后两组患儿的泪河高度和BUT水平均高于治疗前,睑板腺评分和角膜荧光素染色评分均低于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05); 治疗6wk后,两组患儿的泪河高度和BUT水平均高于治疗前和治疗2wk后,睑板腺评分和角膜荧光素染色评分均低于治疗前和治疗2wk后,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05); 治疗2、6wk后,联合组患儿的泪河高度和BUT水平均高于同时期对照组,而睑板腺评分和角膜荧光素染色评分均低于同时期对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05); 两组患儿用药前后眼压对比差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。

结论：玻璃酸钠联合氯替泼诺滴眼液较单纯使用玻璃酸钠滴眼液在临床治疗干眼儿童时取得了更好的治疗效果,同时安全性和耐受性较好。     

Comparison of two artificial tear formulations for dry eye through high-resolution optical coherence tomography

Purpose: The aim was to determine the efficacy of two artificial eye‐drop formulations by analysing the lower tear film meniscus volume through a commercial high‐resolution spectral‐domain optical coherence tomographer. Methods: Twenty dry eye patients (12 men, eight women, aged 57.5 ± 8.4 years) with refractive errors from ‐2.50 to +0.75 D (mean ‐1.34 ± 1.02 D) and cylinders lower than 1.00 D were examined. Tear meniscus volume was measured before, immediately after and 10, 30 and 60 minutes after instillation using the Copernicus high‐resolution spectral‐domain optical coherence tomographer (Optopol Tech SA, Zawiercie, Poland). Volume was calculated from the local area obtained from tomograms considering a regular distribution of the tear meniscus across the eyelid. Ten subjects were randomly assigned to first receive either polyethylene glycol (Blink Intensive, Abbot Medical Optics Inc, CA, USA) or hypromellose (Artific, Farma‐Lepori SA, Barcelona, Spain) three times daily in both eyes for one month. Measures were then repeated and after a one‐week wash‐out period they were switched to the other eye‐drop for another month. Results: Mean baseline volume was 0.38 ± 0.10 µL, while mean baseline volume after the wash‐out period was slightly higher, 0.39 ± 0.10 µL (p = 0.638). Analysis of variance showed significant differences in meniscus volume with time after instillation with both formulations (p < 0.001), mean volume decreasing with time. At 30 and 60 minutes following instillation, values decreased to almost baseline (average difference 0.02 ± 0.03 µL at t₃₀, p = 0.016 and 0.01 ± 0.01 µL at t₆₀, p = 0.098). Conclusion: An increase in tear film meniscus volume in dry eyes from the use of eye‐drops has been shown. High resolution imaging of lower tear film meniscus with clinical optical coherence tomography systems provides useful measures of tear volume. Both formulations assessed in the present study are efficient in increasing tear meniscus volume and reducing dry eye signs and symptoms, although results in terms of increase in meniscus volume were higher with the polyethylene glycol formulation.     

七叶洋地黄双苷滴眼液对准分子激光术后干眼泪液动力学影响

目的：应用OCT测量泪河的变化,观察七叶洋地黄双苷滴眼液对准分子激光术后干眼泪液动力学的影响,以评价其治疗术后干眼的有效性和持久性。

方法：随机选择准分子激光术后6mo以上、BUT<5s、有眼干、眼酸等症状的干眼患者25例,平均年龄28.60±3.77岁,受试者右眼(试验组)滴用七叶洋地黄双苷滴眼液,左眼(对照组)滴用9g/L生理盐水,于用药前、用药后10,20和30min应用OCT行上下泪河高度和面积的测量。应用单因素方差分析比较各眼用药前后不同时间的差异,配对t检验比较两眼间不同时间的差异。

结果：两组用药后20min下泪河面积(t=2.835,P=0.009)、用药后30min上泪河高度(t=2.368,P=0.026)、面积(t=4.293,P=0.000)和下泪河高度(t=3.060,P=0.005)、面积(t=2.644,P=0.014)试验组均明显大于对照组,其余两组均无统计学上的差异(P>0.05)。两组用药前后各期上下泪河高度和面积均无统计学上的差异(P>0.05),但试验组用药后有增加的趋势。

结论：七叶洋地黄双苷滴眼液能在一定程度上增加术后干眼患者上下泪河的容量,并保持着较持久的效应。     

Assessment of tear meniscus by optical coherence tomography in patients with canalicular laceration repair

To analyze tear meniscus measurements with optical coherence tomography (OCT) in patients with canalicular laceration repair. Thirty-four consecutive patients who underwent unilateral canalicular repair due to canalicular laceration between January 2014 and December 2018 were included. All patients had canalicular repair followed by monocanalicular or annular silicone tube intubation. Anatomic patency of canalicular system was tested with probing and irrigation, while functional patency was evaluated with Munk score. Tear meniscus measurements of all patients were obtained following tube removal by spectral OCT. Tear meniscus height (TMH), tear meniscus depth (TMD) and tear meniscus area (TMA) of eyes with canalicular laceration repair and contralateral uninvolved eyes were compared. Average age of 34 patients was 32.8 ± 21.3 years (range 4–68 years). Lower canaliculus was involved in 27 (79.4%), upper canaliculus in five (14.7%), and both canaliculi in two (5.9%) patients. Mean follow-up period was 6.5 ± 5.7 months. Anatomic patency rate was 100%, and functional patency (patients free of epiphora) was 91.2%. Average TMH (317.9 ± 133.1 µm), TMD (198.1 ± 82.5 µm) and TMA (29,792.1 ± 21,285.3 μm2) values of eyes with canalicular repair were not significantly different from TMH (308.9 ± 111.9 µm), TMD (184.5 ± 61.4 µm) and TMA (26,682.5 ± 16,178.1 μm2) values of contralateral control eyes (p values: 0.758, 0.225 and 0.778, respectively). There was a strong positive correlation between TMA and Munk score (r = 0.637, p < 0.001) and moderate positive correlation between TMH (r = 521, p = 0.002), TMD (r = 0.481, p = 0.004) and Munk score. Tear meniscus measurement with OCT is a rapid, quantitative and objective tool for evaluation of canalicular patency in patients with canalicular laceration repair.     

不同大小透明角膜切口对白内障超声乳化术后泪膜的影响

目的　采用光学相干断层扫描（ｏｐｔｉｃａｌｃｏｈｅｒｅｎｃｅｔｏｍｏｇｒａｐｈｙ,ＯＣＴ）和其他泪膜检测指标评估不同大小的角膜切口对白内障超声乳化术后泪膜的影响。方法　随机将年龄相关性白内障患者７９例９８眼分为２．２ｍｍ组（４６眼）和３．０ｍｍ组（５２眼）,均行超声乳化白内障吸出联合人工晶状体植入术,于术前、术后１ｄ、７ｄ、１个月及３个月检测基础泪液分泌（ｓｃｈｉｒｍｅｒＩｔｅｓｔ,ＳⅠＴ）、泪膜破裂时间（ｂｒｅａｋ-ｕｐｔｉｍｅ,ＢＵＴ）、干眼症状（ｄｒｙｅｙｅｓｙｍｐｔｏｍｓ,Ｓｘ）评分,并采用ＲＴＶｕｅＯＣＴ检测泪河面积（ｔｅａｒｍｅｎｉｓ-ｃｕｓａｒｅａ,ＴＭＡ）、泪河高度（ｔｅａｒｍｅｎｉｓｃｕｓｈｅｉｇｈｔ,ＴＭＨ）及泪河深度（ｔｅａｒｍｅｎｉｓｃｕｓａｒｅａｄｅｐｔｈ,ＴＭＤ）,对两组各项检测结果进行比较。结果　与术前相比,术后１ｄ、７ｄ、１个月时２．２ｍｍ组及３．０ｍｍ组的Ｓｘ评分均升高（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）,术后３个月时与术前差异均无统计学意义（均为Ｐ＞０．０５）;术后７ｄ时２．２ｍｍ组及３．０ｍｍ组的ＢＵＴ、ＳⅠＴ均不同程度降低（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）,至术后１个月时２．２ｍｍ组的ＳⅠＴ仍较低（Ｐ＜０．０５）,而ＢＵＴ与术前差异无统计学意义（Ｐ＞０．０５）,３．０ｍｍ组的ＢＵＴ、ＳⅠＴ仍不同程度降低（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）;术后１ｄ、７ｄ时２．２ｍｍ组及３．０ｍｍ组的ＴＭＡ、ＴＭＨ及ＴＭＤ均比术前明显减小（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）,术后１个月时２．２ｍｍ组的ＴＭＡ、ＴＭＨ及ＴＭＤ与术前差异均无统计学意义（均为Ｐ＞０．０５）,而３．０ｍｍ组的ＴＭＡ及ＴＭＤ仍比术前明显减小（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）,ＴＭＨ与术前差异无统计学意义（Ｐ＞０．０５）。两组之间相比,２．２ｍｍ组的Ｓｘ评分在术后１ｄ、７ｄ时均比３．０ｍｍ组低,差异均有统计学意义（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）,术后１个月及３个月时两组的Ｓｘ评分差异均无统计学意义（均为Ｐ＞０．０５）;２．２ｍｍ组的ＢＵＴ、ＳⅠＴ在术后７ｄ时均明显高于３．０ｍｍ组（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）,术后１个月及３个月时两组差异均无统计学意义（均为Ｐ＞０．０５）;术后１ｄ、７ｄ时,２．２ｍｍ组的ＴＭＡ、ＴＭＨ及ＴＭＤ均显著高于３．０ｍｍ组（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）,术后１个月及３个月时两组差异均无统计学意义（均为Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论　与３．０ｍｍ透明角膜切口相比,２．２ｍｍ透明角膜切口对眼表泪膜的影响更小,恢复更快。