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1.
Michal Staník Ivo Čapák Daniel Macík Jiří Vašina Eva Lžičařová Jiří Jarkovský Martin Šustr David Miklánek Jan Doležel 《International urology and nephrology》2014,46(8):1543-1549
Purpose
To evaluate benefits of sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy for staging accuracy in prostate cancer. Extended pelvic lymph node dissection (ePLND) is a preferred staging tool; however, it may underestimate the incidence of nodal involvement.Methods
Eighty patients with estimated risk of lymphadenopathy above 5 % based on Briganti nomogram had Tc-99m-labeled nanocolloid injected into the prostate. Planar lymphoscintigraphy and single-photon emission computed tomography/CT were performed to localize SLNs. Radioguided SLN dissection was followed by backup ePLND comprising external iliac, obturator and internal iliac regions. All SLNs were serially sectioned every 150 μm and examined using hematoxylin and eosin; immunohistochemical staining was applied every 300 μm.Results
A total of 335 SLNs were detected, and 17 % were located outside ePLND template. Nodal metastases were diagnosed in 32 patients (40 %). Without radioguided SLN localization, solitary metastases posteriorly to the branches of the internal ilaic vessels, in pararectal and common iliac regions would not have been removed in five of 32 patients (16 %). Using standard histology protocol, we would have diagnosed metastases in 23 patients with median size of 2.8 mm. Serial sectioning of SLN and immunohistochemistry led to the detection of metastases in additional nine patients (28 %) with median size of 0.2 mm.Conclusion
ePLND comprised 83 % of SLNs, at least one SLN laid outside its template in 28 % of patients. ePLND and SLN dissection combined with nodal serial sectioning and immunohistochemistry increased the detection rate of nodal metastases by 68 % in comparison with ePLND alone and standard histology protocol. 相似文献2.
Background
We often observe that uptake of tracer is not detected in the primary cancer focus in patients with histologically proven papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) on preoperative 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT). Therefore, we analyzed the clinical and pathologic variables affecting false-negative findings in primary tumors on preoperative 18F-FDG PET/CT.Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 115 consecutive patients who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT for initial evaluation and were diagnosed with PTC by postoperative permanent biopsy. The clinical and pathologic characteristics that influence the 18F-FDG PET/CT findings in these patients were analyzed with respect to the following variables: age, gender, tumor size, multifocality of the primary tumor, perithyroidal invasion, lymphovascular or capsular invasion, and central lymph node metastasis-based final pathology.Results
Twenty-six (22.6%) patients had false-negative 18F-FDG PET/CT findings. In patients with negative 18F-FDG PET/CT findings, tumor size, and perithyroidal and lymphovascular invasion were significantly less than in patients with positive 18F-FDG PET/CT findings. Tumors >1 cm in size were correlated with 18F-FDG PET/CT positivity. On multivariate analysis, perithyroidal invasion (P = 0.026, odds ratio = 7.714) and lymphovascular invasion (P = 0.036, odds ratio = 3.500) were independent factors for 18F-FDG PET/CT positivity. However, there were no significant differences between 18F-FDG PET/CT positivity and age, gender, capsular invasion, and central lymph node metastasis based on final pathology.Conclusions
Tumor size and perithyroidal and lymphovascular invasion of papillary carcinoma can influence 18F-FDG PET/CT findings. Absence of perithyroidal and lymphovascular invasion were independent variables for false-negative findings on initial 18F-FDG PET/CT in patients with PTC. 相似文献3.
Uchiyama S Haruyama Y Asada T Hotokezaka M Nagamachi S Chijiiwa K 《Surgery today》2012,42(10):956-961
Purpose
To assess the role of positron emission tomography–computed tomography (PET–CT) and multidetector-row CT (MD-CT) in detecting the primary lesion and lymph node metastasis in patients with colorectal cancers.Methods
A collective total of 80 lesions resected from 77 patients were examined pathologically. We analyzed the significance of the standardized uptake value (SUV) and its relationship with the clinicopathologic findings of primary lesions and lymph node metastasis. The detectability of primary lesions and lymph node metastases on PET–CT images was compared with that on MD-CT images.Results
The detectability of primary lesions was better on PET–CT images than on MD-CT images (p = 0.0023). We observed no significant differences in the SUV with respect to staging, tumor grade, lymphatic or vessel invasion, and macroscopic type; however, primary tumor size analysis revealed that tumors larger than 3 cm had a higher SUV than those smaller than 3 cm. The sensitivity of PET–CT for detecting lymph node metastasis was lower than that of MD-CT, but the specificity of PET–CT was higher than that of MD-CT.Conclusions
The SUV of primary cancers tends to increase in proportion to tumor size. Although the value of PET–CT in detecting lymph node metastasis is limited, PET -positive lymph nodes can be considered metastatic. 相似文献4.
Dennie Meijer Rosemarijn H. Ettema Pim J. van Leeuwen Theo H. van der Kwast Henk G. van der Poel Maarten L. Donswijk Daniela E. Oprea-Lager Elise M. Bekers André N. Vis 《BJU international》2023,131(3):330-338
Objectives
To investigate whether patients with suspected pelvic lymph node metastases (molecular imaging [mi] N1) on staging prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) had a different oncological outcome compared to those in whom the PSMA PET/CT did not reveal any pelvic lymph node metastases (miN0).Patients and Methods
All patients with pelvic lymph node metastatic (pN1) disease after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) and extended pelvic lymph node dissection (ePLND) between January 2017 and December 2020 were included. To assess predictors of biochemical progression of disease after RARP, a multivariable Cox regression analysis was performed, including number of tumour-positive lymph nodes, diameter of the largest nodal metastasis, and extranodal extension.Results
In total, 145 patients were diagnosed with pN1 disease after ePLND. The median biochemical progression-free survival in patients with miN0 on PSMA PET/CT was 13.7 months, compared to 7.9 months in patients with miN1 disease (P = 0.006). On multivariable Cox regression analysis, both number of tumour-positive lymph nodes (>2 vs 1–2: hazard ratio [HR] 1.97; P = 0.005) and diameter of the largest nodal metastasis (HR 1.12; P < 0.001) were significant independent predictors of biochemical progression of disease.Conclusion
Patients in whom pelvic lymph node metastases were suspected on preoperative PSMA imaging (miN1), patients diagnosed with >2 tumour-positive lymph nodes, and patients with a larger diameter of the largest nodal metastasis had a significantly increased risk of biochemical disease progression after surgery. 相似文献5.
Dr. D.K. Osmonov A. Boller A. Aksenov M. Naumann K.P. Jünemann 《Der Urologe. Ausg. A》2013,52(2):240-245
Introduction
We examined the quantity and localization of pelvic lymph node (LN) metastases in patients undergoing extended pelvic lymphadenectomy (ePLND).Materials and methods
A total of 174 patients with intermediate and high-risk prostate cancer underwent radical prostatectomy (RP) and ePLND. We analyzed the relationship between the number of LNs removed and the number, frequency and topography of LN metastases.Results
In group 1 (intermediate risk patients, n=115) the average number of LNs removed was 20.5, LN metastases were found in 15 patients (13 %) and the localizations were in the external iliac artery 19 %, the internal iliac artery 32 %, the obturator foramen 36 %, the common iliac artery 7 %, Marcille’s triangle 3 % and sacral regions 3 %. In group 2 (high-risk patients, n=59) the average number of LNs removed was 23.9, LN metastases were found in 19 patients (32 %) and the localizations were the external iliac artery 15 %, the internal iliac artery 26 %, the obturator foramen 19 %, the common iliac artery 29 %, Marcille’s triangle 6 % and sacral regions 5 %. The full number of metastases was detected only if more than 15 LNs were removed in group 1 and 18 LNs in group 2.Conclusions
At least 15 LNs in the intermediate risk group and at least 18 LNs in high risk group should be removed. The ePLND should include the common iliac artery, the internal iliac artery, Marcille’s triangle and sacral regions. 相似文献6.
Purpose
To highlight a new imaging acquisition protocol during 18F-fluorocholine PET/CT in patients with biochemical recurrence after RP.Methods
A total of 146 patients with PSA levels between 0.2 and 1 ng/ml with negative conventional imaging who did not receive salvage treatment were prospectively enrolled. Imaging acquisition protocol included an early dynamic phase (1–8 min), a conventional whole body (10–20 min), and a late phase (30–40 min). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were measured. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to identify independent predictors of positive PET/CT.Results
The median trigger PSA was 0.6 ng/ml (IQR 0.43–0.76). Median PSA doubling time (PSA DT) was 7.91 months (IQR 4.42–11.3); median PSA velocity (PSAV) was 0.02 ng/ml per month (IQR 0.02–0.04). Overall, 18F-fluorocholine PET/CT was positive in 111 of 146 patients (76 %). Out of 111 positive examinations, 80 (72.1 %) were positive only in the early dynamic phase. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy were 78.9, 76.9, 97.2, 26.3, and 78.7 %, respectively. At multivariable logistic regression, trigger PSA ≥ 0.6 ng/ml [odds ratio (OR) 3.13; p = 0.001] and PSAV ≥ 0.04 ng/ml per month (OR 4.95; p = 0.004) were independent predictors of positive PET/CT. The low NPV remains the main limitation of PET/CT in this setting of patients.Conclusions
The increased sensitivity, thanks to the early imaging acquisition protocol, makes 18F-fluorocholine PET/CT an attractive tool to detect prostate cancer recurrences in patients with a PSA level <1 ng/ml.7.
W. Kneist M. Schreckenberger P. Bartenstein F. Grünwald K. Oberholzer Prof. Dr. Th. Junginger 《Der Chirurg》2003,74(10):922-930
Background
Exact preoperative staging is a prerequisite for the indication and the choice of appropriate operative technique for patients with esophageal carcinoma. The objective of this prospective study was to assess whether positron emission tomography (PET) with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) increases the accuracy of preoperative lymph node staging with standard computed tomography (CT) and thus leads to a different surgical approach.Patients and methods
Fifty-eight patients with carcinoma of the esophagus (46 men and 12 women) with a median age of 61 years underwent FDG-PET imaging of the neck, chest, and abdomen as well as CT of the chest and abdomen. Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were calculated for both imaging techniques to evaluate the detection of histologically verified lymph node metastases.Results
The FDG-PET showed higher specificity, whereas CT proved to be more accurate for detecting lymph node metastases not only of the abdomen (73% vs 59%) but also of the thorax (73% vs 63%). Resections were transhiatal in 23 patients and transthoracal in 16. As a supplement to conventional CT diagnostic procedure, FDG-PET was not decisive for the surgical approach.Conclusions
Altogether, pretherapeutical PET imaging did not increase the accuracy of lymph node staging for our patients with esophageal carcinoma, which had already been defined through CT. Therefore, no new consequences resulted for the surgical procedure. Due to the high costs involved with PET investigation, lymph node staging with it is momentarily indicated mainly for clinical studies and when CT does not offer unequivocal results. Increased sensitivity of the already advantageous whole-body FDG-PET imaging by means of tumor-affinitive radiopharmaceuticals and optimized apparatus resolution could lead to new indications for this staging procedure. 相似文献8.
Introduction/Aim
Correct staging of patients with prostate cancer is important for treatment planning and prognosis. Although bone scintigraphy with 99mTc-phosphonates (BS) is generally advised for staging by guidelines in high risk prostate cancer, this imaging technique is hampered by a high rate of inconclusive results and moderate accuracy. Potentially better imaging techniques for detection of bone metastases such as 18F-sodiumfluoride PET/CT (NaF PET/CT) are therefore being evaluated. In this observational cohort study we evaluate the performance and clinical impact of both BS and NaF PET/CT in primary staging of patients with prostate cancer.Methods
The first of two cohorts consisted of patients who received a BS while the second included patients who received a NaF PET/CT for primary staging of prostate cancer. For both cohorts the number of positive, negative and equivocal findings, calculated diagnostic performance of the imaging modality in terms of sensitivity and specificity, as well as the impact on clinical management were studied. The ranges of the diagnostic performance were calculated both assuming that equivocal findings were positive and assuming that they were negative for bone metastases. For the NaF PET/CT cohort the number of patients with signs of lymph node metastases on low dose CT were also recorded, including the impact of these findings on clinical management.Results
One-hundred-and-four patients underwent NaF PET/CT, whereas 122 patients underwent BS. Sensitivities of 97–100 and 84–95% and specificities of 98–100 and 72–100% were found on a patient basis for detection of bone metastases with NaF PET/CT and BS, respectively. Equivocal findings warranted further diagnostic procedures in 2% of the patients in the NaF cohort and in 16% in the BS cohort. In addition NaF PET/CT demonstrated lymph node metastases in 50% of the included patients, of which 25% showed evidence of lymph node metastases only.Conclusion
Our data indicate better diagnostic performance of NaF PET/CT compared to BS for detection of bone metastases in primary staging of prostate cancer patients. Less equivocal findings are encountered with NaF PET/CT. Moreover, NaF PET/CT has additional value over BS since lymph node metastases are encountered frequently.9.
Min-Joo Kim MD Jae Seung Kim MD Jong-Lyel Roh MD Jeong Hyun Lee MD Kyung-Ja Cho MD Seung-Ho Choi MD Soon Yuhl Nam MD Sang Yoon Kim MD 《Annals of surgical oncology》2013,20(3):899-905
Background:
The precise diagnosis of cervical lymph node metastasis (CLNM) of salivary gland cancer is important to determine the surgical extent and adjuvant therapy. This study assessed the clinical utility of 18F-FDG PET in identifying CLNM in such patients.Methods:
Fifty-four patients with intermediate or high-grade salivary gland cancer were preoperatively evaluated with 18F-FDG PET/CT and CT/MRI. Histopathologic analysis of neck dissection tissues was used as the gold standard for assessing imaging techniques. Tumor and nodal maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax) were measured for each patient. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify CLNM predictive factors.Results:
Of the 54 patients, 24 patients (44 %) had CLNM. On a per-patient basis, the sensitivity and specificity of 18F-FDG PET/CT and CT/MRI were not significantly different (92 vs. 83 %, P = 0.625 and 93 vs. 97 %, P = 1.000, respectively). On a per-level basis, 18F-FDG PET/CT was significantly more sensitive and accurate than CT/MRI in the ipsilateral neck (96 vs. 54 %, P < 0.001 and 92 vs. 83 %, P < 0.001, respectively). The mean nodal SUVmax values of patients with and without nodal metastasis were 4.9 and 2.1, respectively (P = 0.008). Histologic grade was a significant predictor of CLNM (P = 0.014, odds ratio 14.46, 95 % confidence interval 1.73–120.79).Conclusions:
18F-FDG PET/CT imaging and histologic grade are useful for detecting CLNM in patients with salivary gland carcinoma. This finding may guide preoperative planning for the necessity and extent of neck dissection in these patients. 相似文献10.
Bas B. Koolen MD Renato A. Valdés Olmos MD PhD Jelle Wesseling MD PhD Wouter V. Vogel MD PhD Andrew D. Vincent PhD Kenneth G. A. Gilhuijs PhD Sjoerd Rodenhuis MD PhD Emiel J. Th. Rutgers MD PhD Marie-Jeanne T. F. D. Vrancken Peeters MD PhD 《Annals of surgical oncology》2013,20(7):2227-2235
Background
If all initially node-positive patients undergo axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), overtreatment may occur in patients with complete response. Positron emission tomography–computed tomography (PET/CT) during NAC may predict axillary response and select patients appropriate for less invasive treatment after NAC. We evaluated the value of sequential 18F fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CTs during NAC for axillary response monitoring in stage II–III breast cancer.Methods
A total of 219 PET/CTs were performed in 80 patients with cytology-proven, node-positive disease at baseline (PET/CT1, n = 80) and twice during NAC (PET/CT2 n = 62, PET/CT3, n = 77). The relative changes in maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of axillary nodes were examined for their ability to assess pathological response. All patients underwent ALND after chemotherapy, and complete axillary response (pCR), defined as absence of isolated tumor cells and of micro- and macrometastases, served as the reference standard.Results
A total of 32 (40 %) patients experienced axillary pCR. The relative decrease in SUVmax was significantly higher in patients with pCR than in those without, both on PET/CT2 (p < 0.001) and PET/CT3 (p = 0.025). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values for PET/CT2 and PET/CT3 were 0.80 (95 % confidence interval 0.68–0.92) and 0.65 (95 % confidence interval 0.52–0.79), respectively. A relative decrease of ≥60 % on PET/CT2 had an excellent specificity (35 of 37, 95 %), a high positive predictive value (12 of 14, 86 %), and a sensitivity of 48 %—that is, it accurately identified histologic pCR in 12 of 25 patients with disease that responded to therapy.Conclusions
18F-FDG PET/CT early during NAC is useful for axillary response monitoring in cytology-proven node-positive breast cancer because it identifies pathological response, thus permitting ALND to be spared. 相似文献11.
Makoto Sohda Hiroyuki Kato Shigemasa Suzuki Naritaka Tanaka Akihiko Sano Makoto Sakai Takanori Inose Masanobu Nakajima Tatsuya Miyazaki Minoru Fukuchi Noboru Oriuchi Keigo Endo Hiroyuki Kuwano 《Annals of surgical oncology》2010,17(12):3181-3186
Background
The role and potential usefulness of positron emission tomography (PET) scanning in certain tumors has been widely investigated in recent years. 18F-FAMT (L-[3-18F]-α-methyltyrosine) is an amino acid tracer for PET. This study investigated whether PET/CT with 18F-FAMT provides additional information for preoperative diagnostic workup of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma compared with that obtained by 18F-FDG (fluorodeoxyglucose) PET or CT.Methods
PET/CT studies with 18F-FAMT and 18F-FDG were performed as a part of the preoperative workup in 21 patients with histologically confirmed esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.Results
For the detection of primary esophageal cancer, 18F-FAMT-PET exhibited a sensitivity of 76.2%, whereas the sensitivity for 18F-FDG-PET was 90.5% (P = 0.214). 18F-FAMT uptake in primary tumors showed significant correlation with depth of invasion (P = 0.005), lymph node metastasis (P = 0.045), stage (P = 0.031), and lymphatic invasion (P = 0.029). In the evaluation of individual lymph node groups, 18F-FAMT-PET exhibited 18.2% sensitivity, 100% specificity, 71.9% accuracy, 100% positive predictive value, and 70.0% negative predictive value, compared with 24.2%, 93.7%, 69.8%, 66.6%, and 70.2%, respectively, for 18F FDG-PET. CT exhibited 39.4% sensitivity, 85.7% specificity, 69.8% accuracy, 59.1% positive predictive value, and 73.0% negative predictive value. The specificity of 18F-FAMT-PET is significantly higher than that of 18F-FDG-PET (P = 0.042) and CT (P = 0.002). 18F-FAMT-PET did not have any false-positive findings compared to those with 18F-FDG-PET.Conclusions
Our findings suggest that the addition of 18F-FAMT-PET to 18F-FDG-PET and CT would permit more precise staging of esophageal cancer. 相似文献12.
Background
The rising incidence of incidental thyroid carcinoma (ITC) detected during fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) scanning poses a challenge to clinicians. The present study aims to critically evaluate the clinicopathological characteristics of ITC detected by FDG-PET/CT.Methods
Among the 557 patients managed at our institution, 40 (7.2%) patients were identified as having ITC. Of these, 22 patients had their tumor detected by FDG-PET/CT (PET group) and 11 by ultrasonography (USG group). Additional bedside ultrasonography ± fine-needle aspiration (FNA) was done in all patients at their clinic visit. The clinicopathological characteristics were compared between the PET and USG groups.Results
The PET group had significantly more patients with history of nonthyroidal malignancy (P < 0.001). Papillary carcinoma was the most common histological type in both groups. Despite having similar histological and prognostic features including tumor size, tumor multifocality, capsular invasion, extrathyroidal extension, and lymph node metastases, tumor bilaterality (or presence of contralateral tumor focus) was significantly more frequent in the PET than the USG group (P = 0.04). The tumors were also more advanced by the tumor–node–metastasis (TNM) staging system in the PET group (P = 0.021). None of the contralateral tumor foci were evident preoperatively. One patient in the USG group developed metastatic thyroid carcinoma in neck lymph nodes 28 months after thyroid resection.Conclusion
ITC by FDG-PET/CT had higher incidence of tumor bilaterality than those detected by ultrasonography. Total thyroidectomy should be considered for ITC detected by FDG-PET/CT even for tumor size <10 mm. 相似文献13.
Hiroyuki Yamada Masao Hosokawa Kazuo Itoh Toshinao Takenouchi Yoshihiro Kinoshita Tomohiro Kikkawa Keita Sakashita Shion Uemura Yasunori Nishida Takaya Kusumi Shigeyuki Sasaki 《Surgery today》2014,44(7):1258-1265
Purpose
This study investigated the diagnostic accuracy of hybrid positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for lymph node (LN) metastasis of esophageal cancer. We also investigated the correlation between the size of metastatic nests and the detection by PET/CT.Methods
Two hundred and fifty-eight patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who underwent esophagectomy with two- or three-field radical lymphadenectomy were analyzed retrospectively. We compared the diagnosis of preoperative PET/CT to the postoperative histopathological examination by each anatomical field (n = 1,231) in all 258 patients. The metastatic LNs resected from PET/CT positive fields were classified as belonging to the PET/CT-N-positive group (n = 229) and those from negative fields as belonging to the PET/CT-N-negative group (n = 352). The cross-sectional areas of metastatic nests were measured in each metastatic LN.Results
Of the 1,231 fields, 275 (22 %) were positive for metastasis, including 581 LNs from 408 regional LN stations. The sensitivity and specificity of PET/CT examined by each anatomical field were 25.8 and 97.8 %, respectively. The median area of metastatic nests was 17.7 mm2 in the PET/CT-N-positive group, and 7.7 mm2 in the PET/CT-N-negative group (p < 0.001).Conclusions
A significant correlation was suggested between the nest size and detection by PET/CT. Because of its low sensitivity, PET/CT alone is insufficient to determine the surgical procedures, especially when considering reduction surgery. 相似文献14.
Yoshiya Fujimoto Masatoshi Oya Hiroya Kuroyanagi Masashi Ueno Takashi Akiyoshi Toshiharu Yamaguchi Tetsuichiro Muto 《Langenbeck's archives of surgery / Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Chirurgie》2010,395(2):139-142
Background
Colorectal carcinoids are described as low-grade malignancy in the WHO classification. However, the survival is equally poor between carcinoids and adenocarcinomas if the tumors have lymph node metastasis or distant metastasis.Patients and methods
We reviewed 17 patients with rectal carcinoid, who underwent surgical resection with lymph node dissection at our institution between March 2005 and November 2007. Our criteria for surgical resection were: tumor size of 10 mm or larger and positive resection margin or the presence of lymphovascular invasion in lesions to which endoscopic or surgical local treatment was carried out.Results
Lymph node metastases were present in 12 patients. Three of them were with tumors less than 10 mm in size, of whom two patients had lymphovascular invasion. In eight out of the 12 with lymph node metastases, preoperative computed tomography (CT) identified lymph nodes of 5 mm or larger in size.Conclusions
The present study demonstrated that rectal carcinoids with lymph node metastasis are common. Previously reported risk factors of lymph node metastasis in rectal carcinoid such as tumor size >?=?10 mm and lymphovascular invasion are useful in predicting lymph node metastasis. In addition, lymph nodes 5 mm or larger in size identified on preoperative CT suggest the presence of metastasis. 相似文献15.
Ayman Soubra Daniel Hayward Philipp Dahm Robert Goldfarb Jerry Froehlich Gautam Jha Badrinath R. Konety 《World journal of urology》2016,34(9):1229-1237
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose with positron emission tomography and computed tomography (FDG–PET–CT) to predict nodal metastases in patients with bladder cancer (BC) scheduled to undergo radical cystectomy (RC).Methods
We retrospectively reviewed records of patients diagnosed with BC and scheduled to undergo RC at our center from January 2011 through February 2015, who also underwent FDG–PET–CT at the time of diagnosis. All patients underwent RC and an extended pelvic lymph node dissection as the reference standard. The primary endpoints were the sensitivity, specificity and overall accuracy of FDG–PET–CT in detecting lymph node metastasis. We also examined its accuracy in identifying distant metastasis. In addition, we conducted a protocol-driven systematic review and meta-analysis of accuracy of FDG–PET–CT for preoperative staging of BC, as compared to CT alone, as reported in individual studies. To assess the methodological quality of eligible studies, we used the QUADAS-2 tool (a revised tool for the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies) and pooled diagnostic accuracy measures using Meta-DiSc statistical software.Results
For detecting nodal metastases in 78 patients, the sensitivity of FDG–PET–CT was 0.56 (95 % CI 0.29–0.80) and the specificity, 0.98 (95 % CI 0.91–1.00). Pooled sensitivity and specificity for detecting lymph node metastasis were 0.57 and 0.95, respectively. Positive likelihood ratio was 9.02. All lesions that were suspicious for distant metastasis were found to be positive on biopsy.Conclusion
FDG–PET–CT was more accurate than CT alone in staging BC in patients undergoing surgery. Standardization of FDG–PET–CT protocol and cost-effectiveness analysis are required before widespread implementation of this technology.16.
T Takenaka T Yano Y Morodomi K Ito N Miura D Kawano F Shoji S Baba K Abe H Honda Y Maehara 《Surgery today》2012,42(10):934-939
Purpose
We developed a method for predicting true-negative lymph node metastases in clinical IA non-small lung cancer (NSCLC) by the combined evaluation of computed tomography (CT), 2-[18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) findings and the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of primary tumors.Methods
The subjects of this study were 94 patients with clinical stage IA NSCLC who underwent both preoperative CT and FDG-PET. We analyzed the relationship between the SUVmax of primary tumors and various clinicopathological factors to find the best method available for assessing true-negative lymph node metastasis.Results
The pathological stages were IA (n = 80), IB (n = 4), IIA (n = 5), IIIA (n = 4), and IV (n = 1). Pathologic lymph node metastasis was recognized in nine patients and the SUVmax of these tumors ranged from 3.3 to 20.3. A SUVmax of 3.0 was defined as the cut-off point and patients were dichotomized according to this point. Tumors with SUVmax of 3.0 or less were associated with a significantly lower incidence of pleural and vascular invasion and were characterized by the degree of differentiation.Conclusion
The SUVmax of primary tumors reflects the grade of malignancy; therefore, the combined evaluation of FDG-PET/CT findings with the SUVmax of primary tumors may help predict lymph node metastasis negativity. 相似文献17.
Henrik Kjölhede Göran Ahlgren Helen Almquist Fredrik Liedberg Kerstin Lyttkens Tomas Ohlsson Ola Bratt 《BJU international》2012,110(10):1501-1506
Study Type – Diagnosis (cohort) Level of Evidence 2a What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) with choline and fluoride for the detection of metastases in patients with prostate cancer have each been evaluated, with mixed results. Choline PET/CT has been evaluated against pelvic lymphadenectomy, generally with a low sensitivity but a high specificity; however, the study populations have been heterogenous. Fluoride PET/CT has been evaluated against other imaging methods, such as bone scan, single photon emission CT and MRI, and has been shown to have high specificity as well as sensitivity for bone metastases, but there are no studies with biopsy verification. This is the first study that evaluates the clinical use of both choline and fluoride PET/CT on the same patients in a well‐defined population of patients with high‐risk prostate cancer.
OBJECTIVE
- ? To investigate how often positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scans, with both 18F‐fluorocholine and 18F‐fluoride as markers, add clinically relevant information for patients with prostate cancer who have high‐risk tumours and a normal or inconclusive planar bone scan.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
- ? Patients with prostate cancer with prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels between 20 and 99 ng/mL and/or Gleason score 8–10 tumours, planned for treatment with curative intent based on routine staging with a negative or inconclusive bone scan, were further investigated with a 18F‐fluorocholine and a 18F‐fluoride PET/CT.
- ? None of the patients received hormonal therapy before the staging procedures were completed.
RESULTS
- ? For 50 of the 90 included patients (56%) one or both PET/CT scans indicated metastases.
- ? 18F‐fluorocholine PET/CT indicated lymph node metastases and/or bone metastases in 35 patients (39%).
- ? 18F‐fluoride PET/CT was suggestive for bone metastases in 37 patients (41%).
- ? In 18 patients (20%) the PET/CT scans indicated widespread metastases, leading to a change in therapy intent from curative to non‐curative.
- ? Of the patients with positive scans, 74% had Gleason score 8–10 tumours. Of the patients with Gleason score 8–10 tumours, 64% had positive scans.
CONCLUSIONS
- ? PET/CT scans with 18F‐fluorocholine and 18F‐fluoride commonly detect metastases in patients with high‐risk prostate cancer and a negative or inconclusive bone scan.
- ? For 20% of the patients the results of the PET/CT scans changed the treatment plan.
18.
Maxim Rybalov Anthonius J. Breeuwsma Anna M. Leliveld Jan Pruim Rudi A. Dierckx Igle J. de Jong 《World journal of urology》2013,31(2):319-323
Purpose
To evaluate the effect of total PSA (tPSA) and PSA kinetics on the detection rates of 11C-Choline PET in patients with biochemical recurrence (BCR) after radical prostatectomy (RP) or external beam radiotherapy (EBRT).Methods
We included 185 patients with BCR after RP (PSA >0.2 ng/ml) or after EBRT (ASTRO definition). After injection of 400 MBq 11C-Choline i.v., a scan was made using the ECAT HR + PET camera with CT fusion images or Siemens mCT PET/CT. Biopsy-proven histology, confirmative imaging (CT or bone scan) and/or clinical follow-up (PSA) were used as composite reference. Statistical analysis was performed using PASW Statistics 18.Results
11C-Choline PET was positive in 124/185 cases (65 %) (in 22/61 (36 %) after RP, 102/124 (82 %) after EBRT). In 79 patients a local recurrence was identified, and 45 patients showed locoregional metastases on PET/CT. In 20 cases a proven false-negative PET scan was observed. Positive PET scans were confirmed by histology in 87/124 (70 %) cases, by confirmatory imaging in 34/124 (28 %) and by clinical follow-up after salvage treatment in 3 (2 %) cases. The ROC analysis to detect a recurrence showed significant difference in area under the curve (AUC) of tPSA 0.721(p < 0.001) and PSA velocity 0.730 (p < 0.001). PSA doubling time showed no significant difference with an AUC of 0.542 (p = 0.354). Detection rates are <50 % in tPSA <2 ng/ml and/or PSA velocity <1 ng/ml/year.Conclusions
Total serum PSA and PSA velocity have significant effect on the detection rates of 11C-Choline PET/CT in men with a BCR after RP or EBRT. 相似文献19.
L. Tessonnier C. Ansquer C. Bournaud F. Sebag E. Mirallié J. C. Lifante F. F. Palazzo I. Morange D. Drui C. de la Foucardère J. Mancini D. Taïeb 《World journal of surgery》2013,37(1):107-112
Background
Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare cancer for which little level evidence exists to guide management. 18F-FDG PET (18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography) is an increasingly used diagnostic tool in patients with suspicious or indeterminate adrenal tumors. In some other solid tumors, 18F-FDG PET may offer prognostic information that can guide optimal patient treatment. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether preoperative 18F-FDG PET based on SUVs assessments has a prognostic value in ACC patients.Methods
A retrospective analysis was performed in patients who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT for the evaluation of ACC. Inclusion criteria were an unequivocal diagnosis of ACC; all data from primary diagnosis available; 18F-FDG PET/CT performed prior to surgery or other treatment of the primary tumor; a minimum of 6-months follow-up for surviving patients. All 18F-FDG PET/CT procedures were reinterpreted in a blind fashion.Results
Thirty-seven patients (23 without metastasis [M0], 14 with metastasis [M1]) fulfilled the study criteria. Median uptake values were tumor standardized uptake values (SUV)max = 11 (range: 3–56) and a tumor/liver SUVmax ratio = 4.2 (range: 1.3–15). Median follow-up was 20 months. Although classic risk factors (tumoral stage, Weiss score) were associated with poor outcome, there was no correlation between primary tumor FDG uptake with overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS) in M0 patients and with overall survival in M1 patients. 18F-FDG uptake correlated inconsistently with sinister histological features, such as atypical mitoses or necrosis.Conclusions
At initial staging, primary tumor FDG uptake in ACC patients does not correlate with OS and DFS at 2 years. Patient prognosis and treatment strategy should not be based on uptake values. 相似文献20.
Yoon JH Kim JY Moon HJ Youk JH Son EJ Kim EK Han KH Kwak JY 《Annals of surgical oncology》2011,18(6):1734-1741