基底线幕状隆起征、十二指肠溃疡的一个征象

作者介绍十二指肠球部溃疡的一个新的有价值的间接征象——基底线幕状隆起征。正常十二指肠球部基底线是一条连续的、从上穹窿至下穹窿的直线或轻度凸向球顶部的弧状影。作者发现,在十二指肠球部溃疡时所出现基底线中断,并有两条线状影从基底部向球某一点会聚,并将此称为基底线幕状隆起征。作者经两年观察及经内窥镜证实或典型X线征诊断为球部溃疡者62例,将3例巨大溃疡和1例已知球部明显畸形的慢性球溃疡除外,基底线幕状隆起征52例,占83.8％。其中5例基底线幕状隆起征是唯一的X线征。作者指出,在观察中基底线幕状隆起征无假阳性出现,故出现此征可确定球部溃疡的诊断,但无基底线幕状隆起征存在,不能排     

胃粘膜脱垂在胃肠钡餐检查的X线表现

目的：提高对胃粘膜脱垂症在胃肠钡餐中的诊断。方法：分析本院的24例胃粘膜脱垂症胃肠钡餐检查。结果：这24例胃粘膜脱垂症均为胃粘膜由胃幽门区移向十二指肠球部，其主要X线表现为：1．幽门管增宽；2．十二指肠球部的充盈缺损；3．合并胃窦炎、十二指肠球部溃疡等并发症。结论：胃肠钡餐检查可对胃粘膜脱垂症做出明确诊断。     

幽门螺旋杆菌感染患者上消化道造影对比分析

目的探讨和分析幽门螺旋杆菌（Helicobacterpylori,HP）阳性患者上消化道造影X线征象。方法对64例HP阳性和60例HP阴性患者上消化道造影检查结果进行分析对比。结果HP阳性患者中胃炎、十二指肠球炎、胃和十二指肠溃疡等发病率较高。其主要的X线表现为：胃体及胃窦粘膜皱壁增粗、紊乱、模糊不清,胃小区增大,胃窦部环行皱襞,胃窦张力增高以及胃和十二指肠溃疡等。结论上消化道造影对胃和十二指肠HP感染的判断有参考价值。     

胃良性肿瘤脱垂于十二指肠(球)的X线诊断(附8例报告)

目的提高对胃良性肿瘤脱垂于十二指肠(球)的X线表现、机制、脱垂分型和鉴别诊断的认识。方法回顾性分析和研究了采用钡餐胃肠道造影和胃镜检查,并经手术和病理证实的胃良性肿瘤脱垂十二指肠(球)8例。结果胃良性肿瘤脱入十二指肠(球)的X线表现有①十二指肠(球)的充盈缺损和十二指肠降段充盈缺损;②牵引粘膜桥征和幽门管增宽;③肿瘤表面粘膜显示光整和龛影－“牛眼征”;④胃整体形态的改变;⑤肿瘤脱垂与回纳现象;⑥原发肿瘤的部位分布胃窦部肿瘤6例,胃体部和胃底部肿瘤各1例。病理诊断－脱垂于十二指肠球内平滑肌瘤4例,脂肪瘤和神经鞘瘤各1例,脱垂于十二指肠降部平滑肌瘤2例。结论可靠的X线诊断征象有①十二指肠(球)的充盈缺损;②牵引粘膜桥征;③幽门管增宽;④胃整体形态的改变。     

何谓基底线幕状隆起征?

答:正常十二指肠球部基底线是一条连续的、从上穹窿至下穹窿的直线或轻度凸向球顶部的弧状影。当十二指肠球部溃疡时,基底线出现中断,可见两条线状影从基底部向球某一点会聚,这一会聚的一点称为基     

胃幽门高位开口畸形1例

患者男,64岁,因左侧肢体乏力、头痛3 d就诊,行CT发现右顶枕叶占位.入院行手术及病理诊断为脑脓肿,术后第6天患者出现呕血、黑便等消化道出血症状.行胃镜检查示:胃窦畸形,无法找到幽门孔,胃黏膜充血水肿.上消化道X线钡餐造影示:幽门开口位置异常,位于胃体小弯侧中部,距贲门口约3 cm,胃黏膜肥厚、粗大、迂曲,胃窦部呈囊袋状盲端,幽门管变短,全胃外形似酒壶;十二指肠上提,十二指肠球部缺如,呈管状,十二指肠圈扩大;十二指肠降部内侧见一2.0 cm×1.5 cm憩室.     

十二指肠球部胃粘膜异位症

作者对25例十二指肠球部胃粘膜异位症(H-GM)病人进行了钡餐和内窥镜对照研究。男9例,女16例,年龄18～86岁,十二指肠球部HGM在钡餐造影上表现为:①最常见为成簇的1～3mm突出于光滑而无特征的球粘膜上的粘膜斑(17/25),多位于球底和后壁,偶可遍布整个球部,与周围正常粘膜分界清楚;②球部粘膜呈粗大结节样、表面有糜烂或溃疡(5/25);③球部单发较大无蒂息肉(2/25);④覆盖于与胃粘膜相连续的球底上的显著的胃小区(1/25),表现恒定,有别于暂时性胃窦粘膜经幽门的脱垂。17例活检组织学研究证实胃上皮嵌于正常的球粘膜中,有由分化良好的     

儿童十二指肠淤滞综合征的临床及X线诊断(附78例分析)

目的　提高对儿童十二指肠淤滞症的临床及X线诊断的认识。方法　对确诊的78例十二指肠淤滞症的临床及X线表现进行总结分析。结果　78例均有不同程度的十二指肠水平段不全梗阻征象。72例表现为典型的十二指肠水平段纵行条状的“笔杆状”压迹,在改变体位的状态下均有不同程度的梗阻缓解。6例随体位改变梗阻无明显缓解者均有合并症。结论　十二指肠淤滞综合征的梗阻征象在俯卧位、左侧卧位、胸膝位时缓解。     

十二指肠癌肉瘤上消化道造影表现分析

目的探讨十二指肠癌肉瘤上消化道造影表现并分析误诊原因。方法回顾性分析我院2010年~2014年间7例经手术病理证实的7例十二指肠癌肉瘤临床X线资料。结果病变位于十二指肠2,3段交界处附近,主要表现为起源于肠壁形成浅分叶状,多结节融合状边界尚清的充盈缺损区,局部管腔狭窄,肠管蠕动减慢,粘膜皱襞增粗紊乱。其中上消化道造影误诊为平滑肌瘤4例,平滑肌瘤肉瘤3例。结论十二指肠癌肉瘤的胃肠造影表现具有一定的特征,此项检查是诊断该病的有效方法之一。     

胃和十二指肠异位胰腺X线造影表现(附5例报告)

目的 评价X线钡餐造影诊断胃和十二指肠异位胰腺的价值.方法 对5例胃镜或病理证实的异位胰腺X线钡餐造影表现进行回顾性分析.结果 异位胰腺位于胃3例(胃和十二指肠2例,胃体1例),胃幽门前区十二指肠球部2例.钡餐检查3例表现为肿块型,"脐样征"阳性,肿块呈圆形或卵圆形,边界清楚,表面有脐样钡斑;2例表现为"导管征"阳性.肿物大小约1.5～3.5 cm.结论 "脐样征"和"导管征"是异位胰腺特征性X线表现,正确认识有助于确诊.     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.