非小细胞肺癌生物标记物角蛋白19基因的克隆、表达及纯化

目的 克隆人角蛋白19(CK19)基因,原核表达重组蛋白并纯化,为建立一种新的非小细胞肺癌诊断方法奠定基础.方法 从宫颈癌HeLa细胞株中提取总RNA,经RT-PCR合成cDNA,设计特异性的引物,用PCR的方法扩增目的片段,构建pET-32a-CK19和pGEX-4T1-CK19表达载体,在BL21大肠杆菌中表达CK19重组蛋白纯化,并进行SDS-PAGE及Western blot鉴定.结果 经PCR扩增后得到一条420 bp的DNA片段,构建载体后DNA测序,结果与预期序列一致.初步结果鉴定表明,表达和纯化的融合蛋白,与预期结果一致.结论 成功克隆CK19基因,并获得高纯度的CK19融合蛋白,为进一步制备体外诊断试剂打下基础.     

菌体内可溶性表达重组THANK蛋白的免疫调节活性分析

目的：构建含有人THANK基因的表达载体，诱导其在大肠杆菌中可溶性表达，并对表达的THANK蛋白的免疫调节性进行检测。方法：从含有全长，THANKcDNA的pMD18-THANK质粒中克隆THANK的胞外区片段，并将其亚克隆至原核表达载体pET-11a中，筛选阳性重组质粒pET-THANK,以IPTG诱导其可溶性表达，并以SDS－PAGE和Westen blot检测进行分析。表达的蛋白初步纯后，分析其对B、T细胞的免疫调节活性。结果：PCR扩增出了THANK胸包区cDNA片段，SDSPAGE和Western分析产重组的pET-THANK质粒可表达出THANK蛋白。可溶性THANK重组蛋白可共刺激B、T细胞的增生，并可诱导活化T细胞的凋亡。结论：本实验成功地将THANK胞外区片段在大肠杆菌中进行表达，表达的蛋白具有免疫调节活性。     

细胞角蛋白8真核表达载体的构建、表达及生物信息学分析

目的:构建人细胞角蛋白8(CK8)全长CDS序列真核表达载体,并转染人肝癌细胞SMMC7721,为研究CK8的生物学功能提供细胞模型。方法:RT-PCR扩增CK8全长CDS,克隆入pMD18-Tsimplevector质粒,鉴定正确后,亚克隆入质粒pEGFP-C1,构建真核表达载体pEGFP-CK8。脂质体介导转染SMMC7721细胞,荧光显微镜、realtimePCR和Westernblot检测CK8的表达。生物信息学软件分析CK8理化特性、信号肽及功能位点等。结果:PCR、酶切和测序结果均证实重组质粒含有人CK8全长CDS序列,转染实验表明CK8在SMMC7721细胞中发生了高表达。结论:成功地构建了人CK8全长CDS真核表达载体,并使其在SMMC7721细胞中获得高表达,为研究CK8的生物学功能奠定了实验基础。     

人外周血CD8＋T细胞Runx3的基因克隆及其原核表达

目的:克隆人Runx3基因全长编码区的cDNA,进行鉴定和测序分析,并利用载体pQE30在大肠埃希菌(M15)原核表达人Runx3基因全长序列,为从转录水平探讨Runx3基因与免疫相关性疾病以及肿瘤发生发展的关系奠定基础.方法:MACS分离外周CD8+T细胞;采用RT-PCR方法从人外周血CD8+T细胞获得Runx3基因的cDNA,并连接pMD19-T载体导入大肠埃希菌DH5α,选择阳性克隆,应用M13 F/R通用引物进行双向反应测序,以作序列鉴定.利用PCR技术从克隆载体pMD19-T/Runx3获得人Runx3的全长编码序列,亚克隆至原核表达载体pQE30,形成重组表达质粒pQE30/Runx3;酶切鉴定挑选阳性重组质粒转化大肠埃希菌M15,测序鉴定后经IPTG 30%诱导4 h,SDS-PAGE电泳判断以包涵体形式存在的带有His标签的融合蛋白并进行Western blot鉴定.结果:扩增获得的Runx3基因CDS区全长1 248 bp,编码415个氨基酸残基,与GenBank中发表的序列完全一致.成功构建了原核表达载体pQE30/Runx3,并在工程菌M15中获得大量表达.结论:获得了人Runx3基因的克隆,并成功原核表达和制备出人Runx3融合蛋白.     

十二指肠钩虫金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂同源物Ad-TIMPL-1基因克隆及其原核表达

目的克隆十二指肠钩虫金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂同源物（TIMPL）Ad-TIMPL-1基因并进行原核表达。方法分别用3’RACE及RT-PCR技术从十二指肠钩虫成虫cDNA中扩增编码Ad-TIMPL-1的cDNA3’末端及5’末端序列;序列经拼接后进行初步生物信息学分析;将Ad-TIMPL-1成熟肽编码序列克隆至原核表达载体pET-32a,构建重组表达质粒;重组质粒转化至大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）后,用IPTG诱导表达,SDS-PAGE分析表达情况。结果成功克隆获得了编码Ad-TIMPL-1的全长cDNA序列并登记到GenBank（accession no.EF495071）;Ad-TIMPL-1完整阅读框为396bp,编码132个氨基酸残基组成的蛋白,含16个氨基酸残基组成的信号肽;成功构建了原核表达重组质粒pET-32a/Ad-TIMPL-1,并在大肠杆菌中得到了表达。结论本研究首先从十二指肠钩虫中克隆到了Ad-TIMPL-1基因并进行了原核表达,为进一步研究其生物学功能奠定了基础。     

弓形虫RH株微线体蛋白MIC3基因的克隆与表达

目的 克隆和表达弓形虫微线体蛋白MIC3基因。方法 从弓形虫RH株分离总的RNA,反转成cDNA.根据MIC3基因序列,设计合成一对引物,用聚合酶链式反应（PCR）方法从弓形虫cDNA中扩增MIC3基因片段,插入pGEM-T载体,并转化大肠杆菌Top10,经PCR、双酶切、测序验证后,将MIC3基因片段定向亚克隆到载体pET-28a中构建原核表达重组质粒pET-28a-MIC3,重组子在E.coli BL21中经IPTG诱导表达,并对表达产物进行SDS-PAGE和Western-blot分析。结果 从弓形虫RH株cDNA中扩增出792bp大小的MIC3基因片段并诱导表达27 300 Mr的重组MIC3蛋白。结论 成功构建和表达了弓形虫pET-28a-MIC3重组质粒,为弓形虫病诊断抗原和疫苗的研究奠定了基础。     

人DC-SIGN全长编码区基因的克隆及其胞外段的原核表达

目的:克隆人DC-SIGN全长编码区基因, 获得其胞外段的原核表达产物.方法:采用RT-PCR方法, 从健康产妇胎盘中克隆DC-SIGN全长cDNA, 扩增其胞外段基因并构建pET41a-sDC-SIGN重组表达质粒, 在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中表达, 以SDS-PAGE和Western blot鉴定表达产物.结果:从健康产妇胎盘总RNA中, 扩增获得约1 300 bp的DNA片段, 克隆至pGM-T载体获得重组质粒pGM-DC-SIGN.从pGM-DC-SIGN扩增DC-SIGN的胞外段基因, 构建重组表达质粒pET- 41a-sDC-SIGN;纯化表达产物sDC-SIGN-GST, 鉴定其相对分子质量( M r)为66 000, Western blot证明其可与抗DC-SIGN抗体特异性结合.结论:成功克隆DC-SIGN全长编码区基因, 并在大肠杆菌中成功表达其胞外段融合蛋白sDC-SIGN-GST, 为进一步研究DC-SIGN的功能奠定了基础.     

人T细胞免疫球蛋白黏蛋白-4 cDNA全长真核表达载体的构建及其在16HBE细胞中的表达

目的克隆人T细胞免疫球蛋白黏蛋白-4(TIM-4)基因cDNA,构建其真核表达载体pEGFP-C2-TIM-4,并转染16HBE细胞。方法根据GeneBank中人TIM-4 cDNA序列(编号:NM-138379.2),设计出带有EcoRI和BamHI的上下游引物,应用RT-PCR技术,从人骨髓中扩增出TIM-4基因编码区序列,克隆到pMD18-T载体,形成pMD18-T-TIM-4重组质粒,经菌落PCR,双酶切,测序鉴定获得人TIM-4基因cDNA片段,然后将其亚克隆入pEGFP-C2绿色荧光载体中,并通过菌落PCR,双酶切,测序鉴定其重组体。将测序正确的pEGFP-C2-TIM-4质粒转染人气道上皮细胞(16HBE),用实时定量PCR检测目的基因的表达。结果成功扩增出人TIM-4 cDNA全长1134 bp,经T-A克隆构建的pMD18-T-TIM-4重组质粒经菌落PCR,双酶切,测序证实载体中含有正确的TIM-4编码区片段。由此构建的真核表达载体pEGFP-C2-TIM-4,经菌落PCR扩增出1134 bp左右的片段,经双酶切后产生4.7 kb和1134 bp左右的2条带,DNA测序显示与GeneBan...     

人THANK cDNA的克隆及其在大肠杆菌中表达

目的克隆THANKcDNA,并在大肠杆菌中进行表达。方法采用RT-PCR技术,从人外周血单个核细胞的总RNA中扩增人THANK全长编码区基因及THANK胞外区编码基因,PCR产物直接克隆于pMD-18T载体中,重组克隆进行DNA测序。将测序证实的THANK胞外区基因亚克隆到原核表达载体pET-11a中。阳性重组子,以1mmol/LIPTG进行诱导表达,以SDS-PAGE分析THANK胞外区的表达。对表达的蛋白作初步纯化处理后,进行生物学活性检测。结果RT-PCR扩增出一个858bp的DNA片段,限制性内切酶图谱分析和测序结果显示,该片段为编码人THANK的cDNA,与公布的人THANK基因序列一致。将胞外区片段克隆入表达载体,转化大肠杆菌表达后发现,与阴性对照相比,在相对分子质量（Mr）26×104处多显示出一条条带。对该蛋白进行初步活性测定显示其可显著地抑制U937细胞的生长。结论本实验成功地克隆了人THANK基因,并将其可溶性胞外区片段在大肠杆菌中进行了表达,表达的重组蛋白可抑制U937细胞的生长。这为进一步进行THANK基因的功能研究及其开发和临床应用奠定了基础。     

植原体免疫主导膜蛋白A的原核表达载体构建、表达及其抗血清制备

目的 构建植原体免疫主导膜蛋白A (IdpA)的原核表达载体,表达并纯化目的蛋白,制备抗血清.方法 以重组克隆质粒pMD18-T-IdpA为模板PCR扩增IdpA基因片段,经酶切连接将IdpA基因克隆到原核表达载体pET-28a(+),重组质粒转化感受态E.coli BL21(DE3),PCR和双酶切进行鉴定.IPTG诱导重组菌表达IdpA蛋白,并进行纯化和鉴定,以纯化获得的IdpA蛋白为抗原免疫BALB/c小鼠制备抗血清,并采用ELISA和Western blot法检测抗血清的效价和特异性.结果 成功构建了原核表达载体pET-28a(+)-IdpA,并在大肠杆菌中能稳定表达IdpA蛋白,经纯化获得了纯度大于90％的高纯度目的蛋白,用纯化的IdpA蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠,获得了效价高于1:320 000的强特异性抗IdpA蛋白抗血清.结论 成功进行了IdpA的原核表达并制备了抗血清.     

Role of the CDC8 gene in the repair of single strand breaks in DNA of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Summary It has been found that the repair of single strand breaks is defective in the DNA replication mutants cdc8-1 and cdc8-3 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae both in permissive (23°C) and restrictive conditions (36°C). In permissive conditions we observed a significant delay in single strand break repair in a diploid strain HB7 (cdc8-1/cdc8-1), as compared with the wild-type strain. Under restrictive conditions no repair was observed, but rather degradation of MMS-damaged DNA occurred. It has been also found that the repair of single strand breaks in yeast is inhibited by cycloheximide but not by hydroxyurea.     

Novel ABCC8 (SUR1) Gene Mutations in Asian Indian Children with Congenital Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia

Congenital hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia (HI) is a heterogeneous genetic disorder of insulin secretion characterized by persistent hypoglycemia, most commonly associated with inactivating mutations of the β‐cell ATP‐sensitive K⁺ channel (K^ATP channel) genes ABCC8 (encoding SUR1) and KCNJ11(encoding Kir6.2). This study aimed to screen the mutations in the genes associated with congenital HI in Asian Indian children. Recessive mutations of these genes cause hyperinsulinism that is unresponsive to treatment with channel agonists like diazoxide. Dominant K^ATP mutations have been associated with diazoxide‐responsive disease. The KCNJ11, ABCC8, GCK, HNF4A, and GLUD1 genes were analyzed by sequence analysis in 22 children with congenital HI. We found 10 novel mutations (c.1delA, c.61delG, c.267delT, c.619–629delCCCGAGGACCT, Gln444*, Leu724Pro, Ala847Thr, Trp898*, IVS30–2A>C, and Leu1454Arg) and two known mutations (Gly111Arg and Arg598*) in the ABCC8 gene. This study describes novel and known ABCC8 gene mutations in children with congenital HI. This is the first large genetic screening study on HI in India and our results will help clinicians in providing optimal treatment for patients with hyperinsulinemia and in assisting affected families with genetic counseling.     

染色体8q24区域内基因扩增在结直肠癌中的研究进展

恶性肿瘤常伴有基因组不稳定,而基因扩增是基因组不稳定常见表现形式.结直肠癌,常见消化系统恶性肿瘤,包含有多个区域出现扩增,chr6:42 008 700-42 937 90;chr8:125 620 117-128 955 220;chr12:24 175 625-27 444 930;chr13:27 392 825-27 439 502这4个区域在不同结直肠癌组织以及结直肠癌细胞系中存在扩增明显现象,其中,染色体8q24区域更是在4个不同的细胞系中均出现扩增.此外文献报道中称8q24区域的扩增影响肿瘤的转移.为了更好的了解该区域的基因对肿瘤的影响,本文就常见扩增区域8q24在结直肠恶性肿瘤中的研究进展作一综述.     

The 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine concentrations according to hormone therapy and S326C polymorphism of OGG1 gene in postmenopausal women

Background

The 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) is widely used for determination of DNA damage since it is excised from oxidative damaged DNA with endonuclease repair enzymes coded by 8-oxoguanine DNA N-glycosylase gene (OGG1). The present study aimed at investigating whether hormone therapy (HT) may influence on the blood/urinary 8-OHdG levels and whether the level of 8-OHdG is different according to OGG1 S326C polymorphism in postmenopausal women receiving HT.

Methods

In 102 postmenopausal women receiving HT, the 8-OHdG levels were measured in the blood and urine using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) before HT and 3 months after HT. The genotyping of the S326C polymorphism of the OGG1 was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction enzyme fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis.

Results

After HT, mean blood 8-OHdG level significantly decreased compared to those before HT (P = 0.003), while urinary 8-OHdG level did not show any difference according to HT. Pre-HT level of 8-OHdG was not different according to OGG1 genotypes and similar finding was demonstrated in post-HT 8-OHdG concentration.

Conclusions

These findings imply that hormone therapy can reduce blood 8-OHdG concentration, one of the markers of oxidative damage. Further study is needed to confirm this association in larger population.     

CD4-CD8- thymocytes that express the T cell receptor may have previously expressed CD8

Amongst CD4-CD8- (double negative) thymocytes there is a sizeable population (variable from strain to strain) of cells expressing surface T cell receptor (TCR). These TCR+ double negatives are predominantly non-cycling, have very little precursor activity, and, unlike the TCR-CD4-CD8- thymocytes, appear not to be part of the mainstream of thymocyte development. A unique feature of this population is the biased V beta-gene region usage. In CBA mice, 60-70% of TCR+ CD4-CD8- cells express receptors that utilize V beta 8 gene products, compared with peripheral T cells from the same strain which are only 20-30% V beta 8+. This suggests that the high V beta 8 usage may be the result of some selective process. A growing body of experimental data suggests that TCR specificity selection occurs at the CD4+CD8+ stage of thymocyte development. In order to gain some insight into the previous history of the TCR+ double negatives, in particular whether or not they have previously expressed CD8 and therefore been eligible for selection, we have determined the methylation state of the CD8 gene and compared it to other thymocyte populations. We show that the TCR+ CD4-CD8- thymocytes are demethylated at some sites in the CD8 gene, consistent with previous CD8 expression. However, the demethylation pattern is distinct from that seen on typical peripheral T cells or on mature thymocytes, suggesting that the TCR+ CD4-CD8- thymocytes are not derived from mature thymocytes or peripheral T cells which have returned to the thymus and downregulated CD8 expression.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Association study of MMP8 gene in osteoarthritis

Objectives: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint disease common in the elderly. There is a prior functional evidence for different matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), such as MMP8 and MMP9, having a role in the breakdown of cartilage extracellular matrix in OA. Thus, we analyzed whether the common genetic variants of MMP8 and MMP9 contribute to the risk of OA. Materials and methods: In total, 13 common tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were studied in a discovery knee OA cohort of 185 cases and 895 controls. For validation, two knee OA replication cohorts and two hand OA replication cohorts were studied (altogether 1369 OA cases, 4445 controls in the five cohorts). The χ² test for individual study cohorts and Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel test for combined meta-analysis were calculated using Plink. Results: The rs1940475 SNP in MMP8 showed suggestive association in the discovery cohort (OR = 0.721, 95% CI 0.575–0.906; p = 0.005). Other knee and hand OA replication study cohorts showed similar trend for the predisposing allele without reaching statistical significance in independent replication cohorts nor in their meta-analysis (p > 0.05). Meta-analysis of all five hand and knee OA study cohorts yielded a p-value of 0.027 (OR = 0.904, 95% CI 0.826–0.989). Conclusions: Initial analysis of the MMP8 gene showed suggestive association between rs1940475 and knee OA, but the finding did not replicate in other study cohorts, even though the trend for predisposing allele was similar in all five cohorts. MMP-8 is a good biological candidate for OA, but our study did not find common variants with significant association in the gene.     

基因突变和转基因技术评价TLR-4信号受体在流体切应力诱导血管内皮细胞IL-8基因转录激活中的作用

用基因突变和转基因技术，评价TLR-4信号受体在层流低切应力刺激诱导血管内皮细胞IL-8基因转录激活中的作用，RT-PCR，Northern杂交和免疫荧光细胞化学染色均显示脐静脉血管内皮细胞表达TLR-4，同时RT-PCR和Northern杂交显示，层流切应力刺激1h后血管内皮细胞TLR-4表达增强，用RT-PCR技术从血管内皮细胞扩增出胞内区段缺失突变TLR-4cDNA，用PCR技术从其基因组DNA中扩增出IL-8上游调控序列，分别克隆于真核表达质粒pcDNA3和绿色荧光增强蛋白报告基因pEGFP1质粒，构建出重组TLR-4缺失突变基因真核表达质粒pcDNA3-mTLR4和IL-8报告基因表达质粒pEGFP1-IL8USCS。用pEGFP1-IL8USCS转染或pcD-NA3-mTLR4和pEGFP1-IL8USCS共转染ECV304细胞，4.2dyne/cm^2层流切应力刺激3h后，流式细胞仪观察荧光蛋白表达强度变化，用pEGFP1-IL8USCS转染细胞，经层流切应力刺激3h后荧光蛋白表达增强（1.06:2.71)，同样用pcDNA3-mTLR4和pEGFP1-IL8USCS共转染细胞，层流切应力刺激3h后荧光蛋白表达未明显增强，提示TLR4/NF-кB信号传导通路可能介导层流切应力诱导血管内皮细胞IL-8基因的表达。     

DNA polymorphism of the RC8 probe on the X-chromosome: Identification of a new DNA variant with the Taql enzyme

Restriction fragment length polymorphisms detectable with the RC8 probe, a probe for an area located on the short arm of the X-chromosome, and loosely linked to the locus for Duchenne muscular dystrophy, have been studied in a Norwegian population. With the TaqI enzyme three variants were observed. The gene frequencies of the previously detected variants were 0.867 and 0.082, respectively, and the frequency of a new variant was 0.051. Family studies confirmed Mendelian inheritance of the variants.