奥氮平治疗精神分裂症患者血液流变学变异分析

目的:调查住院期间精神分裂症患者使用奥氮平治疗前后血液流变学的指标变化情况.方法:分别于治疗前,使用奥氮平治疗4、8及12周对80例住院的精神分裂症患者的血液流变学进行测定.检测指标包括:全血比低切粘度、全血比高切粘度、血浆粘度、红细胞压积,并对上述指标进行比较分析.结果:全血比低切粘度、全血比高切粘度、血浆粘度在治疗第4、8及12周与治疗前相比,均呈下降趋势,尤其是在治疗第8、12周显著下降(P＜0.01),而红细胞压积的变化无显著性(P＞0.05).结论:血液流变学指标检测可作为精神分裂症的辅助检验项目,也可用作评价其疗效的参考指标.     

慢性精神分裂症患者血液流变学指标的变化及其影响因素

目的为探讨慢性精神分裂症患者的血液流变学指标变化及其影响因素。方法采用锥板式粘度计对85例慢性精神分裂症患者(研究组)及80例健康人(对照组)进行血液流变学指标的检测。结果研究组的全血比低切粘度、全血比高切粘度、血浆粘度明显高于对照组,红细胞压积两组无显著性差异。研究组患者的血液流变学指标不随用药品种、剂量及病程变化而变化。结论慢性精神分裂症患者血液流变学指标高于健康人,并呈现稳定的状态,应引起临床医师重视。     

32例精神分裂症患者氯丙嗪治疗前后的血液流变学观察

为探讨氯丙嗪治疗精神分裂症的机理是否与因液的流变性有关，对32例住院患用BPRS评定疗效的同时，对氯丙嗪治疗前后血液流变学指示的变化进行了观察，结果发现，32例病人全血高切粘度，低切粘度，红血球压积及红细胞电泳时间较正常人明显增高，有极显差异；所有病人经氯丙嗪治疗后，BPRS评分下降，差异有极显意义。说明病人血流变指标的变化与抗精神病药物疗效密切相关。     

低分子肝素治疗急性脑梗死的疗效观察

目的 :观察低分子肝素治疗急性脑梗死的疗效及治疗前后的血液流变学变化。方法 :对 12 8例急性脑梗死患者应用低分子肝素 0 4ml ,每 12h腹部皮下注射 1次 ,连续 10天为 1疗程 ;对照组 10 0例急性脑梗死患者用低分子右旋糖酐 5 0 0ml加复方丹参16ml静滴 ,每日 1次 ,连用 10天。治疗前后检测血液流变学指标。结果 :治疗组疗效明显高于对照组 (P <0 0 1) ,且能降低全血高切粘度、低切粘度、血浆粘度、红细胞压积、纤维蛋白原等。CT检查显示治疗组病灶缩小较对照组有显著性差异 (P <0 0 1) ,脑地形图检测亦显示治疗后有明显改善。结论 :低分子肝素治疗急性脑梗死能显著改善临床症状 ,降低血液流变学指标。     

首发精神分裂症血液流变学研究

目的　为探讨首发精神分裂症病人的血液流变学特征。方法　选取 6 1例首发精神分裂症病人于治疗前后进行血液流变学检查 ,根据阳性症状量表 (SAPS)和阴性症状量表 (SANS)评分分为Ⅰ型与Ⅱ型 ,并与 5 3名正常健康人作对照。结果　Ⅰ型精神分裂症的全血粘度、低切全血还原粘度、红细胞聚集指数比Ⅱ型明显增高 (P <0 .0 0 1) ;晚发组的全血还原粘度和红细胞刚性指数较早发组有非常明显的差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;长病程组的全血粘度、血浆粘度比短病程组明显增高 (P <0 .0 0 1) ,红细胞刚性指数和红细胞变形指数则比短病程组明显降低 (P <0 .0 0 1)。结论　血液高粘滞现象作为精神分裂症的生物学指标 ,对其诊断分型、治疗及转归等具有一定的指导意义。     

分裂样精神病与精神分裂症的血液流变学研究

为探讨分裂样精神病与精神分裂症的血液流变学改变,对25例分裂样精神病、115例精神分裂症及60例健康人做血液流变学检测的前瞻性研究。结果,无论分裂样精神病与精神分裂症的全血粘度、刚性指数、低切还原粘度、纤维蛋白原、电泳率都显高于正常人。分裂样精神病与精神分裂症比较,除全血粘度（101/s）、血浆压积的改变存在一定程度上的差异,以及前的血小板粘附率高于后外,其余各项指征相似,说明分裂样精神病与精神分裂症具有相似的血液流变学改变,从一个侧面提示两可能是同源性疾病。     

术前匀速补液对烟雾病患者血液流变学的影响

目的探讨术前禁饮后开始静脉匀速补液对烟雾病患者血液流变学的影响。方法选取27例拟行间接颅内外血管重建术的烟雾病患者,于入院第二天取空腹血液行血液流变学检查为对照组,并在拟行手术前一天晚上开始禁饮、禁食后予以静脉匀速补液至入手术室前并再次采血行血液流变学检查为实验组;对比两组之间的全血低切粘度、全血中切粘度、全血高切粘度、血浆粘度、红细胞压积、红细胞聚集指数、红细胞刚性指数、红细胞变形指数。结果对照组的血液粘度指标中的全血低切粘度、红细胞压积及红细胞变形指标中的红细胞聚集指数均高于实验组,而对照组红细胞变形指标中的红细胞刚性指数、红细胞变形指数低于实验组,均有统计学差异(P 0.05)。结论术前禁饮后开始静脉匀速补液能够降低烟雾病患者血液粘度并提高红细胞的变形性。     

术前匀速补液对烟雾病患者血液流变学的影响

目的 探讨术前禁饮后开始静脉匀速补液对烟雾病患者血液流变学的影响。方法 选取27例拟行间接颅内外血管重建术的烟雾病患者,于入院第二天取空腹血液行血液流变学检查为对照组,并在拟行手术前一天晚上开始禁饮、禁食后予以静脉匀速补液至入手术室前并再次采血行血液流变学检查为实验组;对比两组之间的全血低切粘度、全血中切粘度、全血高切粘度、血浆粘度、红细胞压积、红细胞聚集指数、红细胞刚性指数、红细胞变形指数。结果 对照组的血液粘度指标中的全血低切粘度、红细胞压积及红细胞变形指标中的红细胞聚集指数均高于实验组,而对照组红细胞变形指标中的红细胞刚性指数、红细胞变形指数低于实验组,均有统计学差异（P<0.05）。结论 术前禁饮后开始静脉匀速补液能够降低烟雾病患者血液粘度并提高红细胞的变形性。     

不同病程精神分裂症的血液流变学改变

目的探讨精神分裂症患者的血液流变学改变。方法对１４０例精神分裂症（包括分裂样精神病），６０例健康人做血液流变学的前瞻性研究。结果精神分裂症的全血粘度、刚性指数、低切还原粘度、纤维蛋白原、电泳率显著高于健康人；红细胞电泳时间、脑血流量显著低于健康人。病程短者的血小板粘附率增高明显；病程长者全血粘度及电泳率增高亦明显。结论血液流变学的性质改变有助于精神分裂症的诊断及估计转归     

他汀类药与抗血小板药物联用对急性脑梗死血脂及血液流变学的影响

目的分析他汀类药与抗血小板药物联用对急性脑梗死血脂及血液流变学的影响。方法选取2012-01-2014-01我院收治的138例急性脑梗死患者,研究组行他汀类药与抗血小板药物联用治疗,对照组行单一抗血小板药物治疗,对比2组治疗2周后血脂及血液流变学情况以及疗效。结果治疗后研究组患者高、低切全血黏度、血浆黏度、红细胞比积、纤维蛋白原、红细胞聚集指数以及血沉方程K值均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后研究组患者胆固醇、甘油三酯、血红蛋白均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗2周后对照组有效率明显低于研究组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论他汀类药与抗血小板药物联用对急性脑梗死血脂及血液流变学的改善较单一药物效果更好,值得临床应用。     

The relationship of plasma fibrinogen, erythrocyte flexibility and blood viscosity

Measurements have been made of plasma fibrinogen concentration, erythrocyte flexibility and blood viscosity at shear rates from 5.75 to 230 sec-1 during and following surgery. In the post-operative period the plasma fibrinogen level in the patient rose to over 1,000 mg/dl and because there were subsequent complications, only returned to normal after 4 weeks. There was an associated change of erythrocyte flexibility, with a correlation coefficient of 0.98. The blood viscosity also varied with the plasma fibrinogen level, the effect being more pronounced at low shear rates. The internal viscosity of the red blood cell, calculated from the plasma viscosity and whole blood viscosity at 230 sec-1, decreases with increasing plasma fibrinogen concentration, in agreement with the direct measurements made of erythrocyte flexibility. It is proposed that at high shear rates an increase in plasma viscosity due to an elevation of fibrinogen concentration, is offset by a decrease in the rigidity of the erythrocytes, and these 2 effects counter-balance.     

A prospective trial of hemodilution therapy in acute cerebral infarction]

Ninety two 50-year-old-or-more patients with acute (less than 72 hours) cerebral infarction involved middle cerebral artery region and hematocrit of 40% or more were prospectively randomised to either hemodilution group (by rapid venesection, venous infusion of autologous plasma and 500 ml dextran 40) or standard therapy group. Effects of hemodilution on acute cerebral infarction were evaluated by clinically neurological deficit scores, hemorheological parameters and size of infarction. The results of our clinical trial are: 1. Clinical efficacy of hemodiluted patients is significantly superior to that of standard treatment patients. Effective rates are 63.04% and 41.30% respectively (P less than 0.05). 2. At 48th hour after hemodilution there are profound decreases in hematocrit, blood viscosity at high shear rate and blood viscosity at low shear rate. These changes last more than four weeks. Whereas in standard group, hemorheological parameters do not evidently change. 3. Sizes of cerebral infarction do not distinctly change in both groups between at entry and at the fourth weekend after treatment.     

急性脑梗死患者血液流变学及凝血功能的临床意义

目的探讨急性脑梗死患者血液流变学和凝血功能的变化及其临床意义。方法选择75例急性脑梗死为观察组,其中轻度、中度、重度各25例,选择同期75例健康体检者为对照组,比较2组血液流变学和凝血功能,记录观察组不同程度脑梗死患者的血液流变学和凝血功能。结果观察组全血高切黏度、全血低切黏度、血浆黏度和红细胞比积显著高于对照组(P0.05)。观察组血浆纤维蛋白原(FIB)明显高于对照组(P0.05),2组活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)和血浆凝血酶原时间(PT)比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。重度、中度和轻度患者的全血高切黏度、全血低切黏度、血浆黏度和红细胞比积比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);重度、中度和轻度患者的FIB比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论急性脑梗死患者的血液流变学和凝血功能存在异常,且与病情严重程度成正比,监测其动态变化可为临床治疗提供参考价值。     

易卒中肾血管性高血压大鼠血液流变学分析

目的 探讨易卒中肾血管性高血压大鼠血液流变学的变化。方法 运用双肾双夹法建立易卒中肾血管性高血压大鼠模型,常规饲养4个月后检测其血液流变学的变化。结果 术后4个月,易卒中肾血管性高血压大鼠的低切、中切、高切全血粘度、红细胞比积、低切全血还原粘度均显著高于正常血压大鼠。结论 易卒中肾血管性高血压大鼠具备了高血压病的血液流变学改变,是研究高血压性脑卒中的理想模型。     

Chronic blood hyperviscosity in subjects with acute stroke, transient ischemic attack, and risk factors for stroke

The origin and significance of blood hyperviscosity in subjects with acute stroke has been controversial. It has been argued that viscous abnormalities simply reflect either elevated hematocrit or an acute-phase response to the stroke itself. To address these issues, we measured the factors that determine blood viscosity in a cross-sectional study of 430 subjects, including 135 with acute stroke, 89 with acute transient ischemic attacks of the brain, 115 with recognized risk factors for stroke, and 91 healthy controls. The at-risk group was balanced with the acute stroke group for types of risk factors and medication usage, and all four groups were balanced for age. The viscosity of whole blood at low rates of shear and the plasma viscosity were significantly elevated in both groups with cerebrovascular symptoms and in the at-risk group compared with the healthy controls. The severity of hyperviscosity was stroke group greater than transient ischemic attack group greater than at-risk group greater than healthy controls. Increased viscosity of whole blood was associated with an elevated plasma fibrinogen concentration and with a decreased albumin/globulin ratio. This study provides evidence that blood hyperviscosity is present not only in subjects with acute brain infarction, but also in those with risk factors for stroke, and that these abnormalities are, to a considerable degree, chronic.     

Binswanger病血液流变学及血液成份的观察

本文测定了３５例老年Ｂｉｎｓｗａｎｇｅｒ病患者的部分血液流变学及血液成份的变化。结果发现，与健康对照组和脑动脉硬化组比较，疾病组高切变率全血粘度显著升高，红细胞变形能力明显降低，血液成份ＨＧ、ＭＣＶ、ＭＣＨ、ＭＣＨＣ、ＲＤＷ显著增加。提示红细胞的老化性改变参与了Ｂｉｎｓｗａｎｇｅｒ病的发生，设法提高患者红细胞变形能力和降低血粘度将有益于阻止该病的进展。     

精神分裂症有无家族史患者的血液流变学比较

目的：探讨精神分裂症患者有无家族史血液流变学特征。方法：对150例精神分裂症按一级亲属家族史阳性,二、三级亲属家族史阳性,家族史阴性分为三组,比较其血液流变学差异,并与70名健康人对照,结果：精神分裂症患者与健康人相比呈显著的高粘滞血症,阴性家族史患者的全血粘度、血浆粘度,低切还原粘度及纤维蛋白质显著高于一级亲属家族史阳性患者（P＜0．05,P＜0．01）;全血粘度显著高于二、三级亲属家族史阳性患者（P＜0．01）,一级与二、三级亲属家属史阳性患者血液流变学指标比较无显著性差异（P＞0．05）。结论：精神分裂症患者血液流变学改变与家族史有关。     

普遍脑萎缩与血液流变学关系的探讨

采用Ｈｕｃｋｍａｎｎ氏方法对１４２例颅脑ＣＴ平片进行脑室、脑沟测量，并逐一测定有关血液流变学指标：ＲＢＣ变形性、全血粘度、ＲＢＣ压积、血小板聚集率、纤维蛋白原含量，结果表明：（１）有随年龄增长逐渐出现普遍性脑萎缩的趋向，但大都在进入老年期后才日益明显；（２）普遍脑萎缩病人存在某些显著的血液流变学异常，如ＲＢＣ变形能力下降、全血粘度升高等；（３）显著皮层萎缩组与显著脑白质萎缩组血液流变学指标变化不尽相同，前者ＲＢＣ压积、全血粘度、纤维蛋白原含量，ＲＢＣ变形性明显高于后者，而后者的血小板聚集率高于前者。     

Hemorheological effect of ticlopidine in the rat

Hemorheological effect of ticlopidine was studied with rats in various tests including whole blood viscosity, blood filtrability through a micropore membrane, mechanical hemolysis and shear stress-induced red cell deformability which was studied by a new technique developed by us.Ticlopidine treatment (30–300 mg/kg, p.o.) resulted in decrease in viscosity of heparinized whole blood, increase in blood filtrability and red cell stability against mechanical hemolysis. Ticlopidine was also found to increase reversible deformability of the red cells in response to shear stress which was evoked by passing whole blood through a thin tube (0.15 mm Ø) in a high speed (0.1 ml/0.2 sec). However, ticlopidine did not affect hematocrit values, plasma fibrinogen levels and plasma viscosity. Red cell morphology was not affected under the conditions without shear stress.These findings indicate that ticlopidine decreases whole blood viscosity by increasing red cell deformability, and that the effect may be favorable for improvement of microcirculation disorders.