电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定螺旋藻中的铝

目的：测定螺旋藻粉剂中的铝含量,并探讨电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定方法的特点.方法：优化仪器工作参数,用内标溶液校正基体效应干扰,用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定样品中铝含量.结果：本法的检出限为0.31 μg/L,回收率为89.2%～104.3%.结论：用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定螺旋藻样品中铝是一种灵敏快速、简便准确的方法.     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定固体尿中碘

目的为调查尿碘水平,建立电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定固体尿中碘的分析方法。方法样品经1%NH3.H2O溶解后直接用电感耦合等离子体质谱进行分析,测定过程中用耐高盐接口（Xi接口）、基体匹配和内标法消除非质谱干扰。结果方法的检出限小于0.00 5 mg/kg,精密度优于1.5%,回收率为97.6%（102%）结论该方法简单、快速和准确。     

ICP—MS法测定糖脉康颗粒中的微量元素

采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS),对糖脉康颗粒中的20种元素进行了分析,同时用塞曼测汞仪测定了样品中汞元素的含量。结果表明,糖脉康颗粒对糖尿病的疗效与其中的微量元素有关。     

微波消解—碰撞反应池技术电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定食品中的铅

目的 建立食品中铅的微波消解—碰撞反应池技术电感耦合等离子体质谱法.方法 样品经微波消化后直接用碰撞反应池电感技术的耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)进行测定.用铊(204TI)内标校正基体干扰和漂移,用高性能Xs接口降低非质谱干扰,用碰撞反应池技术(CCT模式)消除质谱干扰.结果 方法的标准曲线线性范围为0～40μg/L,相关系数为0.999 8.方法检出限为0.000 5mg/kg,最低检出浓度为0.001 7 mg/kg,相对标准偏差为1.1％～3.8％,回收率为93.3％～104.0％.结论 本方法灵敏、准确,操作简便、快速,对样品的测定结果与石墨炉原子吸收光度法之间无显著性差异,能用于食品中铅的准确测定.     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定血铅实验影响因素

目的 通过参加2018—2020年《德国外部质量评估计划》(G-EQUAS)全血中铅国际比对实验，探讨影响电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定血铅实验结果的因素。方法 变换测定模式，比对样品稀释倍数、内标元素、同位素等实验条件，应用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定G-EQUAS全血中铅，对测定结果进行分析。结果 仪器的质谱干扰、基体效应、物理效应、内标的选择、同位素的选择均是影响电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定血铅结果准确性的因素。结论 应用电感耦合等离子体质谱法进行血铅测定实验时应规避实验中可能影响结果的因素。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱仪与国标法测水碘的方法比较

目的比较电感耦合等离子体质谱法与国标法的水碘检测结果。方法从方法的灵敏度,精密度和准确度等指标进行比较。结果电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定水碘检出限0.2μg/L,加标回收率95.0%~102.0%,相对标准偏差2.0%,两种方法对实际样品的分析结果没有显著统计学意义。结论电感耦合等离子体质谱法操作简单、快速、准确,是一种检测水碘的较好方法。     

辽宁省一般人群血中镓、铟、 铊水平研究

目的调查辽宁省一般人群血中镓、铟、铊水平,分析其人群分布特点。方法将辽宁省划分为东、中、西部地区,采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,于2009—2010年从辽宁省东、中、西部地区抽取2105名对象进行问卷调查,并采集血液样品。用电感耦合等离子体质谱法对血样进行镓、铟、铊含量的检测,通过统计分析研究一般人群血液中镓、铟、铊的分布水平。结果辽宁省一般人群血中镓、铟、铊几何均数均小于检出限。结论辽宁省一般人群血中镓、铟、铊几何均数均小于检出限,与全国水平一致。     

两种尿碘测定方法的比较探讨

目的:通过对砷铈催化分光光度法和电感耦合等离子体质谱法两种测定方法在尿碘测定中的应用比较,对两种方法进行评价。方法:分别用两种测定方法测定同一批尿样中碘的含量,比较两种方法的测定结果,并统计比较两种方法的技术指标。结果:两种检测方法的各项技术指标及样品测定结果基本相当,经统计学分析差异无统计学意义。结论:电感耦合等离子体质谱法操作简便、结果准确、重现性好、稳定性高;砷铈催化分光光度测定法需要仪器简单、检测成本低,利于推广。     

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定茨菰和荸荠中钾等17种元素

目的建立微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)同时测定茨菰和荸荠中的钾、铁、锌等17种元素的方法。方法样品采用硝酸作为消解液微波消解、电热消解器赶酸后以纯水定容,应用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定茨菰和荸荠中的钾、钙、镁3种常量元素和铁、锌、铜、硒、钼、铬、镍等14种微量元素,用外标法定量。结果电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定茨菰和荸荠中的钾、铁、锌等17种元素的相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.3%~4.2%,定量分析呈良好的线性关系,相关系数均0.999 5,加标回收率为91.9%~105.7%。结论该方法具有快速、简便、精密度好、准确度高、灵敏度高、所用试剂少等优点,各项指标均满足重金属检测的要求,适合荸荠、茨菰及其他水果、蔬菜中重金属的多元素同时测定。     

全血中23种微量元素的微波消解电感耦合等离子体质谱测定法

目的 建立全血中23种微量元素的电感耦合等离子体质谱分析方法。方法 采用微波消解处理全血样品，以In作内标，电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP—MS)测定全血中的23种微量元素。结果 根据全血标准参考物质的分析结果及标准溶液的加标回收率评价了方法的准确度，23种元素除Cd、Hg偏低外，其余元素加标回收率在73．4％～118．9％之间，测定值与参考值吻合。结论 此方法可简便、快速、准确地测定全血中23种微量元素。     

急性铊中毒一例

患者男,39岁,反复发作腹痛1月余,脱发、双下肢感觉异常、精神障碍半个月,视力下降半年,于2008年3月5日入住本院职业病科.1月下旬,该患者在无诱因情况下突发腹痛,伴腰痛,多家医院疑诊急性胰腺炎、胆囊炎等,予以对症治疗后腹痛程度虽有缓解,但仍反复发作,并间断性出现胸闷、呼吸急促、出冷汗,并有双眼流泪、眼痛、视物模糊等症状.2月下旬,该患者出现脱发、双下肢袜套样针刺感觉过敏、四肢末梢甲周小片状色素沉着、烦躁及阵发性言语错乱,精神科拟诊躯体疾病伴发精神障碍.     

Intake and health effects of thallium among a population living in the vicinity of a cement plant emitting thallium containing dust

Summary In order to assess the degree of thallium exposure in a population living around a thallium emitting cement plant in a small city in North-West Germany thallium levels in 24 h urine samples of 1,265 subjects and in hair samples of 1,163 subjects were determined. Urinary thallium levels in two groups of subjects living in an urban and a rural area of West Germany were determined for reference. As compared to these subjects the population living around the cement plant exhibited obvious signs of increased thallium intake. The mean urinary thallium concentration was 2.6 g/1 and ranged up to 76.5 pg/1. In contrast, the mean urinary thallium levels of the two reference groups were 0.2 and 0.4 g/1, respectively. Hair thallium levels of the population living around the cement plant were also markedly increased (mean: 9.5 ng/g). The major route of the population's increased intake of thallium was found to be the consumption of vegetables and fruit grown in private gardens in the vicinity of the cement plant. As was shown by chemical analyses vegetables and fruit grown in these gardens were contaminated by thallium-containing atmospheric dust fall-out caused by emissions of the cement plant. The pulmonary route of uptake as well as other sources did not seem to play a significant role in the population's exposure to thallium. Polyneuritic symptoms, sleep disorders, headache, fatigue and other signs of psychasthenia were found to be the major health effects associated with increased thallium levels in urine and hair. No positive correlation was found between the thallium levels in hair and urine and the prevalence of skin alterations, hair-loss and gastro-intestinal dysfunctions.     

Repeated surveillance of exposure to thallium in a population living in the vincinity of a cement plant emitting dust containing thallium

Summary From 1979 to 1981, several medical surveys were carried out among a population living in the vicinity of a cement plant that emitted dust containing thallium until August, 1979. Air, soil, plants, and domestic animals in the area were contaminated by thallium and this led to an increased intake of thallium in the population, mainly due to the consumption of home-grown vegetables and fruit. In order to assess the degree of the individuals' exposure to thallium, thallium levels in 24-h urine samples (TIU) were determined. Three surveys were carried out from September to December, 1979 to assess the degree of thallium exposure of different parts of the general population. Subjects with relatively high exposure, as indicated by the results of the above mentioned population surveys, or those suffering from health disorders that might be related to an increased intake of thallium, were reexamined several times from 1979–1981. Special attention was also given to children attending a kindergarten situated about 0.5 km from the cement plant. As compared to an unexposed reference population (mean TIU: 0.3 g/1), the majority of the population living in the cement plant area had significantly elevated urinary thallium levels (range: < 0.1–76.5 g/1) indicating a substantially increased environmental exposure. A reduction of the intake of thallium was mainly achieved by the fact that the population, as advised by the authorities, largely avoided the consumption of home-grown, potentially contaminated food-stuffs. Reports on the teratogenicity of thallium in certain animal species caused great concern that thallium might have exerted teratogenic effects on the newborn of women exposed to thallium during pregnancy. Therefore, an investigation of children born between January, 1978 and August, 1979 (n = 297) was carried out. Although the number of congenital malformations was greater than expected, we conclude, considering carefully all data available, that there is likely no causal relationship between thallium and the occurrence of congenital malformations in the children investigated.This study was carried out at the request of the Ministerium fur Arbeit, Gesundheit und Soziales des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen, Dusseldorf, and was supported financially by this Ministry