Effects of selenium supplementation on hepatocarcinogenesis in rats

Four groups of weanling male Wistar rats (Groups A—D) received diethylnitrosamine (DEN, 40 ppm) in their drinking water for four weeks; after a recovery period of two weeks, they received (for the rest of the experiment) phenobarbital (PB, 500 ppm) added to a Torula yeast‐based diet containing 0.17 ppm of selenium. Dietary selenium (2 ppm), as sodium selenite, was given to Group B one week before and during DEN treatment, to Group C one week before and during PB treatment, and to Group D during the entire experiment. Groups A and E received the unsupplemented diet, whereas Group E was not treated with DEN or PB. Pair‐feeding conditions were used to minimize possible influences of differences in food intake and growth. Rats were killed at the 19th and 24th weeks after the experiment began. No significant differences were found in food and fluid intakes or in growth rates among the groups. Livers in Group E were histologically normal, whereas preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions were found in all other groups. In rats killed at the 19th and 24th weeks, the numerical and the volumetric densities of preneoplastic lesions did not differ significantly between all the groups. Similarly, the incidence of hepatocellular carcinomas only detected at 24 weeks was not significantly different between the groups. These results indicated that in this particular model of hepatocarcinogenesis, the dietary supplementation of 2 ppm of selenium did not modify the development of preneoplasia and carcinomas.     

Effects of selenium supplementation on hepatocarcinogenesis in rats

Four groups of weanling male Wistar rats (Groups A-D) received diethylnitrosamine (DEN, 40 ppm) in their drinking water for four weeks; after a recovery period of two weeks, they received (for the rest of the experiment) phenobarbital (PB, 500 ppm) added to a Torula yeast-based diet containing 0.17 ppm of selenium. Dietary selenium (2 ppm), as sodium selenite, was given to Group B one week before and during DEN treatment, to Group C one week before and during PB treatment, and to Group D during the entire experiment. Groups A and E received the unsupplemented diet, whereas Group E was not treated with DEN or PB. Pair-feeding conditions were used to minimize possible influences of differences in food intake and growth. Rats were killed at the 19th and 24th weeks after the experiment began. No significant differences were found in food and fluid intakes or in growth rates among the groups. Livers in Group E were histologically normal, whereas preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions were found in all other groups. In rats killed at the 19th and 24th weeks, the numerical and the volumetric densities of preneoplastic lesions did not differ significantly between all the groups. Similarly, the incidence of hepatocellular carcinomas only detected at 24 weeks was not significantly different between the groups. These results indicated that in this particular model of hepatocarcinogenesis, the dietary supplementation of 2 ppm of selenium did not modify the development of preneoplasia and carcinomas.     

不同补锌剂量对大鼠海马nNOS蛋白表达影响

目的探讨补锌对临床亚健康干预的合理剂量以及高锌对脑功能的影响及机制。方法采用Y-型迷宫行为学测试结合免疫组化卵白素-生物素-过氧化酶复合物法(ABC)法,分别观察大鼠海马结构不同亚区内神经元型一氧化氮合酶(nNOS)蛋白表达的变化。结果适量补锌〔200 mg/(kg.bw)饲料锌水平〕可使大鼠海马结构CA1、CA3、齿状回的nNOS表达增加(P<0.05),促进动物的学习记忆功能。而超高剂量补锌〔≥600 mg/(kg.bw)饲料锌水平〕,可使大鼠海马结构CA1、CA3、齿状回的nNOS表达减少(P<0.05),损害动物的学习记忆能力。结论适量补锌对大鼠学习记忆功能有促进作用,其机制可能与海马nNOS蛋白表达水平上调有关。     

Effect of chronic selenite supplementation on selenium excretion and organ accumulation in rats

We examined the effect of chronic selenite supplementation on whole body and selected organ selenium (Se) accumulation, urine excretion of total Se and trimethylselenonium ion, and Se balance in adult male rats. Animals were housed in metabolic cages and given either deionized water or water containing 4 micrograms of Se/mL as selenite for 30 d. Absorption of selenite was nearly complete, with only approximately 10% of ingested Se appearing in feces. There was a rapid rise in urinary Se that reached a plateau within a few days and accounted for 54 +/- 2% of the intake. Excretion of trimethylselenonium ion (TMSe) in urine increased rapidly, representing 35-40% of urinary Se in the supplemented animals compared with only 2% for the control group. In one experiment, rats were killed at 30 d and total carcass Se was measured using isotope dilution analysis. Supplemented rats had only a modest increase in whole body Se (94 +/- 4 micrograms Se vs. 66 +/- 3 in controls). Calculation of Se balance in the supplemented rats showed that approximately 35% of ingested Se could not be accounted for by urine plus fecal losses combined with the portion retained in the carcass. The results from this study demonstrate that under the condition of supplementation at 4 micrograms of Se/mL of drinking water, pathways other than urinary and fecal excretion may account for a substantial portion of Se loss.     

应激对大鼠免疫功能的影响

目的观察应激对大鼠免疫功能的影响.方法通过建立应激动物模型,放射免疫分析法观察大鼠血清皮质醇的变化,电镜下观察脾脏的病理改变,免疫组织化学法检测脾脏T淋巴细胞亚群的阳性率.结果①实验组大鼠体重下降,脾脏系数降低(P<0.05),血清皮质醇浓度(29.96±3.13)mg/L,对照组血清皮质醇浓度(20.55±3.06)mg/L,两组比较有统计学意义(P<0.05);②实验组大鼠脾脏超微结构异常,脾脏T淋巴细胞亚群比例异常,CD3 T细胞百分率、CD4 /CD8 比值均下降(P<0.05),CD8 T细胞百分率升高(P<0.01).结论应激抑制大鼠细胞免疫功能.     

每日或间歇性大剂量补充硫酸亚铁对大鼠骨髓造血机能的影响

目的比较不同方式大剂量补充硫酸亚铁对大鼠骨髓造血机能的影响。方法刚断乳的雌性Wistar大鼠,用铁缺乏饲料喂养至血红蛋白低于100g／L。按血红蛋白含量和体重分为铁缺乏对照组、每日小剂量补铁组、每周1次小剂量补铁组、每日大剂量补铁组和每周1次大剂量补铁组。补充期12周。实验结束时,取股骨骨髓,涂片染色,观察骨髓细胞形态学和骨髓可染色铁的状况。结果对照组大鼠骨髓细胞外可染色铁减少或缺失十分明显,细胞内铁主要以0型铁颗粒幼红细胞为主。各补充组大鼠骨髓中幼红细胞增生较明显,细胞外铁多数为3型以上,铁粒幼细胞的比例超过30％。从骨髓细胞增生分级看,所有大鼠骨髓细胞增生程度表现为增生活跃或增生明显活跃,属于正常骨髓的表现形式,没有其他诸如白血病等的表现。结论4种补充方式大鼠的铁营养状况均得到显著改善;每日大剂量补充或每周1次大剂量补充3个月,并未发现有损骨髓的造血机能。     

Effects of ozone oxidative preconditioning on radiation-induced organ damage in rats

Because radiation-induced cellular damage is attributed primarily to harmful effects of free radicals, molecules with direct free radical scavenging properties are particularly promising as radioprotectors. It has been demonstrated that controlled ozone administration may promote an adaptation to oxidative stress, preventing the damage induced by reactive oxygen species. Thus, we hypothesized that ozone would ameliorate oxidative damage caused by total body irradiation (TBI) with a single dose of 6 Gy in rat liver and ileum tissues. Rats were randomly divided into groups as follows: control group; saline-treated and irradiated (IR) groups; and ozone oxidative preconditioning (OOP) and IR groups. Animals were exposed to TBI after a 5-day intraperitoneal pretreatment with either saline or ozone (1 mg/kg/day). They were decapitated at either 6 h or 72 h after TBI. Plasma, liver and ileum samples were obtained. Serum AST, ALT and TNF-α levels were elevated in the IR groups compared with the control group and were decreased after treatment with OOP. TBI resulted in a significant increase in the levels of MDA in the liver and ileal tissues and a decrease of SOD activities. The results demonstrated that the levels of MDA liver and ileal tissues in irradiated rats that were pretreated with ozone were significantly decreased, while SOD activities were significantly increased. OOP reversed all histopathological alterations induced by irradiation. In conclusion, data obtained from this study indicated that ozone could increase the endogenous antioxidant defense mechanism in rats and there by protect the animals from radiation-induced organ toxicity.     

Effects of grape seed extract supplementation on exercise-induced oxidative stress in rats

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of grape seed extract (GSE) supplementation on exercise performance and oxidative stress in acutely and chronically exercised rats. A total of sixty-four male rats were used in the study. Rats were divided into six groups: control, chronic exercise control, acute exercise control (AEC), GSE-supplemented control, GSE-supplemented chronic exercise and GSE-supplemented acute exercise groups. Chronic exercise consisted of treadmill running at 25 m/min, 45 min/d, 5 d a week for 6 weeks. Rats in the acute exercise groups were run on the treadmill at 30 m/min until exhaustion. GSE were given at 100 mg/kg of body weight with drinking water for 6 weeks. Plasma was separated from blood samples for the analysis of oxidative stress markers. There was no significant difference in time of exhaustion between the acute exercise groups. Plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were higher in the acute exercise groups and lower in the chronic exercise groups. GSE supplementation decreased MDA levels. Xanthine oxidase and adenosine deaminase activities were higher in the AEC group compared to all the other groups. NO levels were increased with both chronic exercise and GSE supplementation. Superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities were lower in the acute exercised groups and higher in the chronic exercised groups. GSE supplementation caused an increase in antioxidant enzyme activities. In conclusion, GSE supplementation prevents exercise-induced oxidative stress by preventing lipid peroxidation and increasing antioxidant enzyme activities.     

Effects of arginine supplementation on mucosal immunity in rats with septic peritonitis

BACKGROUND: Supplemental Arginine (Arg) has been demonstrated to improve the immunologic response and reduce mortality in rodents with sepsis. However, the effects of Arg on gut-associated lymphoid tissue function after infection and sepsis are not clear. The aim of this study was to study the effect of Arg-supplemented diets before and Arg-enriched total parenteral nutrition (TPN) after sepsis or both on the intestinal immunity of rats with septic peritonitis. METHODS: Rats were assigned to four groups. Groups 1 and 2 were fed a semipurified diet, while in the diets of groups 3 and 4, part of the casein was replaced with Arg. After feeding the experimental diets for 10 days, sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP); at the same time, the internal jugular vein was cannulated. All rats were maintained on TPN for 3 days. Groups 1 and 3 were infused with conventional TPN, while groups 2 and 4 were given a TPN solution supplemented with Arg, which replaced 10% of the total amino acids. All rats were sacrificed 3 days after CLP. Intestinal immunoglobin (Ig) A levels, total lymphocyte yields, and lymphocyte subpopulations in Peyer's patches were analyzed. In vitro cytokine secretion by splenocytes and Peyer's patch lymphocytes were also measured. RESULTS: Total lymphocyte yields in Peyer's patches, and small intestinal immunoglobulin A (IgA) secretion in group 4 were significantly higher than the groups 1 and 2. No differences were observed between groups 3 and 4. There were no differences in the interleukin (IL)-2 and interferon- gamma levels among all groups when splenocytes were stimulated with mitogen. However, in vitro splenocyte IL-10 production in group 4 was significantly higher than those of groups 1 and 2, and had no difference from group 3. There were no differences in the ratios of B and T lymphocyte subpopulations in Peyer's patches among all groups. CONCLUSIONS: Enteral Arg supplementation before sepsis tended to enhance total lymphocyte yields in Peyer's patches and intestinal IgA secretion. Arg administered both before and after CLP had a synergistic effect on improving intestinal immunity, possibly by enhancing systemic IL-10 secretion. However, intravenous Arg administration after CLP had no favorable effects on mucosal immunity in rats with septic peritonitis.     

复合营养素减肥及调节血脂作用

目的 探讨复合营养素(复合维生素、多种矿物质、几丁聚糖)对肥胖大鼠体重及高脂血症大鼠血脂的影响。方法 利用高营养饲料、高脂饲料分别诱导大鼠肥胖模型和高脂血症模型后,每种模型分为模型对照组和复合营养素低、中、高剂量组,剂量分别为0.54,1.07,3.21g/(kg.bw),观察复合营养素对大鼠体重及血脂的影响。结果 给予复合营养素45d后,复合营养素低、中、高剂量组大鼠体重分别为(469.10±29.75),(475.10±39.69),(467.85±28.79)g,均明显低于肥胖模型组的(505.65±14.34)g(P<0.05);但各组大鼠之间总摄食量比较差异无统计学意义;高脂模型大鼠中复合营养素低、中、高剂量组大鼠血清总胆固醇(TC)分别为(2.67±0.38),(2.51±0.21),(2.79±0.33)mmol/L,均明显低于高脂模型组的(3.10±0.46)mmol/L;甘油三酯(TG)分别为(1.46±0.23),(1.39±0.26),(1.48±0.15)mmol/L,均明显低于高脂模型组的(1.69±0.21)mmol/L;低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)分别为(0.85±0.16),(0.79±0.14),(0.93±0.13)mmol/L,均明显低于高脂模型组的(1.97±0.30)mmol/L;而血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)分别为(1.28±0.26),(1.41±0.31),(1.36±0.24)mmol/L,均明显高于高脂模型组的(0.89±0.22)mmol/L(P<0.05)。结论 复合营养素对高营养饲料及高脂饲料分别诱导的肥胖大鼠和高脂血症大鼠有减轻体重和调节血脂的作用。     

Effects of long-term creatine supplementation on liver and kidney functions in American college football players

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of long-term Cr supplementation on blood parameters reflecting liver and kidney function. Twenty-three members of an NCAA Division II American football team (ages = 19-24 years) with at least 2 years of strength training experience were divided into a Cr monohydrate group (CrM, n = 10) in which they voluntarily and spontaneously ingested creatine, and a control group (n = 13) in which they took no supplements. Individuals in the CrM group averaged regular daily consumption of 5 to 20 g (mean SD = 13.9 5.8 g) for 0.25 to 5.6 years (2.9 1.8 years). Venous blood analysis for serum albumin, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, bilirubin, urea, and creatinine produced no significant differences between groups. Creatinine clearance was estimated from serum creatinine and was not significantly different between groups. Within the CrM group, correlations between all blood parameters and either daily dosage or duration of supplementation were nonsignificant. Therefore, it appears that oral supplementation with CrM has no long-term detrimental effects on kidney or liver functions in highly trained college athletes in the absence of other nutritional supplements.     

Effects of glutamine supplementation on innate immune response in rats with gut-derived sepsis

The present study examined the effect of glutamine (Gln)-enriched diets before sepsis or Gln-containing total parenteral nutrition (TPN) after sepsis, or both, on the phagocytic activity and blood lymphocyte subpopulation in rats with gut-derived sepsis. Rats were assigned to a control group or one of four experimental groups. The control group and groups 1 and 2 were fed a semipurified diet; groups 3 and 4 had part of casein replaced by Gln. After feeding the diets for 10 d, sepsis was induced by caecal ligation and puncture (CLP); TPN was maintained for 3 d after CLP. The control group and groups 1 and 3 were infused with conventional TPN and groups 2 and 4 were supplemented with Gln in the TPN solution. All rats were killed 3 d after CLP or sham operation to examine their immune responses. The results showed that compared with the control group, the phagocytic activities of peritoneal macrophages were enhanced in groups 3 and 4, but not in groups 1 and 2. The proportion of CD3+ cells in group 1 was significantly lower (P<0.05) than that of the control group, whereas no differences were observed among the control and Gln-supplemented groups. The CD4+ cell proportion was significantly lower (P<0.05) in group 1 compared with the control group and groups 3 and 4. These findings suggest that Gln-enriched diets before CLP significantly enhanced peritoneal macrophage phagocytic activity, preserved CD4+ cells and maintained blood total T lymphocytes in gut-derived sepsis. However, parenteral Gln administration after caecal ligation and puncture had no favourable effects on modulating immune response in septic rats.     

Effects of betaine supplementation and choline deficiency on folate deficiency-induced hyperhomocysteinemia in rats

The effect of betaine status on folate deficiency-induced hyperhomocysteinemia was investigated to determine whether folate deficiency impairs homocysteine removal not only by the methionine synthase (MS) pathway but also by the betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase (BHMT) pathway. For this purpose, we investigated the effect of dietary supplementation with betaine at a high level (1%) in rats fed a folate-deprived 10% casein diet (10C) and 20% casein diet (20C). We also investigated the effect of choline deprivation on folate deficiency-induced hyperhomocysteinemia in rats fed 20C. Supplementation of folate-deprived 10C and 20C with 1% betaine significantly suppressed folate deprivation-induced hyperhomocysteinemia, but the extent of suppression was partial or limited, especially in rats fed 10C, the suppression of plasma homocysteine increment being 48.5% in rats fed 10C and 69.7% in rats fed 20C. Although betaine supplementation greatly increased hepatic betaine concentration and BHMT activity, these increases did not fully explain why the effect of betaine supplementation was partial or limited. Folate deprivation markedly increased the hepatic concentration of N,N-dimethylglycine (DMG), a known inhibitor of BHMT, and there was a significant positive correlation between hepatic DMG concentration and plasma homocysteine concentration, suggesting that folate deficiency increases hepatic DMG concentration and thereby depresses BHMT reaction, leading to interference with the effect of betaine supplementation. Choline deprivation did not increase plasma homocysteine concentration in rats fed 20C, but it markedly enhanced plasma homocysteine concentration when rats were fed folate-deprived 20C. This indicates that choline deprivation reinforced folate deprivation-induced hyperhomocysteinemia. Increased hepatic DMG concentration was also associated with such an effect. These results support the concept that folate deficiency impairs homocysteine metabolism not only by the MS pathway but also by the BHMT pathway.     

镉对大鼠锌代谢及其功能的影响

目的探讨镉对大鼠锌代谢及其功能的影响以及补锌后对这些影响的保护作用。方法于大鼠受孕后7、10、13 d分别注射不同剂量的氯化镉,在第21天剖宫取出仔鼠,另将成年大鼠分为正常对照组及不同的补锌和(或)染不同剂量镉组,补锌至第6天再给各组大鼠分别经腹腔注射氯化镉或生理盐水,24 h后处死动物,取肝、脑组织及血清,测定镉、锌含量及其效应标志物。结果染镉组仔鼠脑组织中的总抗氧化能力(total antioxidative capacity,T-AOC)和乙酰胆碱(Ach)的含量降低,肝组织碱性磷酸酶(AKP)的活力降低,镉含量增加,脑组织锌含量有下降趋势,且脑镉与锌呈负相关关系。成年大鼠染镉组肝和血清镉含量均高于正常对照组;肝锌和丙二醛(MDA)含量升高,但超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力下降;血清锌含量降低;肝及血清AKP活力低于正常对照组。预先补锌再染镉,与单染镉组相比,肝组织中的锌含量升高,MDA含量降低,SOD活力明显增高,血清镉降低,肝和血清AKP活力有不同程度的恢复。血清锌和AKP活力、肝SOD和AKP活力均与相应组织中的镉含量间呈负相关关系。结论孕期给母鼠染镉,镉可从母体进入仔鼠体内,引起仔鼠与锌有关的AKP酶活力、神经递质和抗氧化能力降低。镉可引起成年大鼠肝脏和血清中SOD、AKP等含锌酶的活力下降及肝脏脂质过氧化损害,这些损害与体内锌分布异常有关,预补锌可对这些损害有保护作用。     

Mortality and organ changes in rats receiving different parenteral nutritional substrates

This study concerns harmful effects of systemic administered parenteral nutrition in Wistar rats. A standard complete parenteral nutrition (CPN) regimen, its main components (Vamin-N^®, Intralipid^® 20% and Glucose 50%) and different doses of these substrates were investigated. All animals receiving Vamin and Intralipid died within 30 and 45 days respectively. All animals except for those receiving glucose showed a tendency to increased weight of liver, spleen and lungs compared to the controls. Microscopical examination revealed epithelioid cell granulomas in liver, spleen and lungs in animals given Vamin and Intralipid, in addition to vasculitis with thrombus formation in the lungs. Osmiophilic fat droplets were found in the pulmonary capillaries in all animals receiving Intralipid, but not in rats receiving Vamin. Most microscopical findings were dose dependent, indicating that the organ changes in liver, spleen and lungs and cause of death may be due to the nutritive substrates themselves.     

补铬对糖尿病大鼠骨骼肌IRS-1基因表达的影响

目的研究补铬对糖尿病大鼠骨骼肌代谢相关基因表达的影响。方法对前期研究分离到的与补铬有关的糖尿病大鼠差异显示的基因片段进行克隆、测序,并进行同源性分析。根据待检测的基因序列进行引物设计,进行RTPCR检测。用激光密度扫描仪进行光密度扫描分析,以目的基因与参考基因的灰度比值反映其表达水平。结果经过克隆、测序、同源性比较,差显片段Cr5的碱基序列与IRS1同源性为100%。糖尿病对照组IRS1mRNA表达量(0791±0038)低于正常对照组(0892±0053,P<005),糖尿病补铬组IRS1mRNA的表达量(0822±0066)与糖尿病对照组相比有所恢复,但尚未恢复到正常水平(P>005)。结论补铬对糖尿病大鼠骨骼肌IRS1mRNA表达有上调趋势,Cr5将作为候选基因有待于进一步研究。     

Zinc supplementation of pregnant rats with adequate zinc nutriture suppresses immune functions in their offspring

The knowledge about consequences of marginal zinc (Zn) deficiency and Zn supplementation during pregnancy on immune function in the offspring is limited. The aim of this study was to examine whether effects of mild Zn deficiency and subsequent Zn supplementation during pregnancy persist after weaning and affect immune function of the offspring. Adult female rats were fed a Zn-adequate diet (ZC, n = 8) or a Zn-deficient diet (ZD, n = 8) from preconception through lactation. Pregnant rats were supplemented with either Zn (1.5 mg Zn in water) or placebo (water) 3 times/wk throughout pregnancy. Pups were orally immunized with cholera toxin and bovine serum albumin-dinitrophenol (DNP) 3 times at weekly intervals and killed 1 wk after the last dose. Proliferation and cytokine responses in lymphocytes from Payer's patches and spleen, and antigen specific antibodies in serum were studied. Zn supplementation of ZD dams led to enhanced lymphocyte proliferation and IFN-gamma responses in pups ZDZ+. In contrast, Zn supplementation of ZC dams suppressed these responses in pups ZCZ+. Total and DNP-specific IgA responses were lower in pups of the Zn-deficient group compared with the Zn-adequate group. Relative thymus weight was greater in the pups (ZDZ-) of ZD placebo-supplemented dams compared with the other groups at 31 d of age. Prepregnancy and early in utero Zn deficiency affected IgA responses in pups that could not be restored with Zn supplementation during pregnancy. Zn supplementation of ZC dams induced immunosuppressive effects in utero that may also be mediated through milk and persist in the offspring after weaning.     

Effects of high protein diet and sodium bicarbonate supplementation on calcium metabolism in rats

This study was conducted to determine the effect of a high protein diet on calcium metabolism in rat. Wistar strain male rats (50 days old) were divided into 5 groups (day 0): control diet (18% casein); high protein diet (18% casein +20% lactalbumin); high protein and 0.1% sodium bicarbonate diet; high protein and 0.2% sodium bicarbonate diet; and high protein and 0.4% sodium bicarbonate diet. On days 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, urine samples were collected and, at the same time, feces were collected from half of the animals in each group. Urinary titratable acidity (TA-HCO3-), ammonium ion (NH4+), and net acid excretion (NAE) were measured as an index of acid-base balance in rat body. Urinary volume was rapidly increased and the increase of urinary volume continued throughout the study in rats fed the high protein diet. Urinary excretions of calcium and phosphorus were increased after day 3 and day 1, respectively, in rats fed the high protein diet. The high protein diet depressed calcium absorption and elevated phosphorus absorption from the digestive tract in rats fed the high protein diet. The high protein diet decreased TA-HCO3-, which was closely correlated with the decrease of NAE. Sodium bicarbonate supplementation to the high protein diet had little effect on urinary calcium excretion and NAE. This study suggested that there was no relationship between metabolic acidosis and hypercalciuria in rats fed the high protein diet.     

Effects of certain antibilharzial and contraceptive drugs on liver functions in rats

Effects of single and combined administration of contraceptive drug (microvlar-30) and anti-urinary bilharzial drug (metriphonate) as well as anti-intestinal bilharzial drug (oxamniquine) on the liver functions of female albino rats were studied. Metriphonate increased serum globulin content and caused no change in the hepatic cells. Oxamniquine significantly increased the activities of serum transaminases and alkaline phosphatase and caused necrosis in some liver cells. Microvlar-30 exhibited no change on the serum enzymes, while marked increase was found in serum triglyceride and protein levels. The combined administration of metriphonate or oxamniquine with microvlar-30 prevented the increase in the levels of serum triglycerides and proteins. Histopathological examination confirmed the results obtained by chemical analysis.     

初断乳大鼠锌补充对成年高脂诱导肥胖后胰岛素的影响

目的 探讨初断乳大鼠锌补充对成年期高脂饮食下胰岛素水平的影响,为阐明生命早期适量补锌预防成年后胰岛素抵抗的机制提供重要依据。方法 初断乳雄性SD大鼠85只随机分为基础饲料组和高、中、低锌补充组。锌补充4周后各组均以基础饲料喂养1周,于第5周末检测大鼠血糖、胰岛素水平并计算胰岛素抵抗指数。随后将基础饲料组大鼠随机分为肥胖组和正常对照组,肥胖诱导组及3个锌补充组均喂以高脂饲料。高脂干预8周后处死所有大鼠并检测上述指标。结果 大鼠成年高脂干预后,1)3个锌补充组分别较肥胖诱导组体重明显降低(P＜0.05),高脂饲料喂养后锌补充组体重正常,而肥胖诱导组发生肥胖;2)3个锌补充组分别较肥胖诱导组血糖、胰岛素明显降低(P＜0.05),而胰岛素抵抗指数明显升高(P＜0.05),高脂饲料喂养后锌补充组胰岛素水平正常,而肥胖诱导组产生胰岛素抵抗。结论 生命早期适量补锌可持续发挥作用,在一定程度上维持成年后高脂膳食下血糖和胰岛素处于正常水平,预防胰岛素抵抗发生。