Validation of a Hebrew version of the Oral Health Impact Profile 14

OBJECTIVE: This study determined the validity of a Hebrew version of the Oral Health Impact Profile in a cross-sectional study of a general dental practice in Israel. METHODS: The original English version of a short-form oral health impact profile (OHIP-14) was translated into Hebrew using the back-translation technique. Participants were interviewed and examined clinically by a calibrated dentist. Information on the subjects' sociodemographic background and oral health conditions was collected. RESULTS: A total of 142 persons were interviewed and clinically examined. The Cronbach's alpha and the standardized item alpha for OHIP-14 were both 0.88. Cronbach's alpha of the translated OHIP-14 subscales ranged from 0.48 to 0.76. Construct validity of the translated Hebrew version was supported by the finding that the total OHIP score correlated with the number of decayed teeth, missing teeth, need for prosthodontic treatment, and pattern of dental attendance. Participants with oral pain were more likely to report impact on one of the OHIP subscales and to have more impacts than participants who were pain free. CONCLUSIONS: The Hebrew version of OHIP-14 presented acceptable validity and reliability. Further research is needed to assess the value of this measure in Israel.     

Validation of the Korean version of the oral health impact profile among the Korean elderly

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to validate a Korean version of the oral health impact profile (OHIP) and to develop a short-form of OHIP for the Korean elderly. METHODS: The original English version of OHIP was translated into Korean using a forward-backward method. Internal consistency was measured by Cronbach's alpha among 1098 subjects aged 56 or more. Test-retest reliability was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) with a 3-month interval among 155 subjects aged 57 or more. The validity of the Korean version of OHIP (OHIP-K) was assessed by comparing OHIP scores with the perceived dental treatment needs and by identifying associations between OHIP scores and the number of natural teeth among 128 subjects aged 54 or more. The short-form of OHIP for the Korean elderly (OHIP-14K) was developed using linear regression models and was also validated and compared with the short-form of OHIP by Slade (OHIP-14S). RESULTS: The Cronbach's alpha value for OHIP-K was 0.97. The ICC for OHIP-K was 0.64. Adults with perceived dental treatment needs had a higher OHIP score than adults without any such needs (P < 0.001). The number of natural teeth was negatively associated with the OHIP score (r = -0.44, P < 0.001). OHIP-14K and OHIP-14S shared seven identical items out of a total of 14 items. OHIP-14K results correlated with OHIP-K almost exactly (r(2) = 0.96), as did OHIP-14S (r(2) = 0.95). CONCLUSIONS: OHIP-K showed excellent reliability and validity. OHIP-14S may be a better choice for the evaluation of oral health-related quality of life among the Korean elderly for an international comparison.     

口腔健康影响程度量表的验证研究

目的通过对口腔健康影响程度量表（OHIP-14中文版）的验证研究及其性质的考评，对该量表的信度、效度作出评价，探讨其在中国人群中进一步应用的可行性。方法按照国际生存质量评价（IQOLA）项目的标准程序，对OHIP-14进行翻译、回译、文化调适和改造，建立口腔健康影响程度量表。使用该量表和《口腔健康自我评价表》，对广东省部分地区年龄在18～65岁之间的居民应用多阶段简单随机抽样法，共抽取592个个体进行口腔健康相关生存质量调查，对调查结果进行统计学分析，考评量表的信度和效度。结果共有592位个体接受调查。回收有效问卷550份，其中数据缺失问卷38份。口腔健康影响程度量表内部一致性Cronbach’s α系数为0．93，条目与量表间的相关系数在0．53～0．71之间。因子分析提取的4个维度显示，口腔健康影响程度量表存在预想的连带关系和逻辑关系。量表得分与自我评价的口腔健康、自我感觉的治疗需要间呈显著正相关，相关系数分别为0．54、0．49（P〈0．0001）。结论口腔健康影响程度量表具有良好的信度、效度，其良好的心理测量学性质，为该量表在中国人群中的进一步推广应用提供了理论依据。     

The mandarin Chinese shortened version of Oral Health Impact Profile for partially edentate patients with implant-supported prostheses

This study was to validate a mandarin Chinese version of Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-49) in China and to develop a shortened version of OHIP appropriate for use in partially dentate patients with implant-supported prostheses. The original 49 items of OHIP were translated into mandarin Chinese using a forward-backward method and administered to 580 subjects selected by stratified random sampling. Self-perceived oral health status and treatment need were also collected. Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of OHIP (OHIP-C49) were validated. A shortened version (OHIP-I) was derived from the OHIP-C49 by exploratory factor analysis (EFA) as well as expert-based approach in partially dentate patients (n=102) with implant-supported prostheses. For validation of the new modified shortened version, another independent sample of 97 partially dentate patients completed OHIP-I and their self-perceived oral health status at baseline and at least 3 months after dental implant rehabilitation. Five hundred and thirty-seven effectual questionnaires were reclaimed from the 580 subjects interviewed. Cronbach's alpha ranged from 0.78 to 0.96 and test-retest correlation coefficients ranged from 0.84 to 0.97 for subscale and summary scores. Construct validity was demonstrated by priori hypothesised associations between the OHIP-C49 scores and self-perceived oral health (P<0.001). The reliability and validity of OHIP-I were similar to which of the OHIP-C49, and the responsiveness appeared able to measure the effect of dental implant therapy effectively. The mandarin version of OHIP-49 showed sufficient psychometric properties for Chinese. The modified shortened version (OHIP-I) may be appropriate for the evaluation of implant therapy outcomes in partially dentate Chinese patients.     

Translation and validation of the Chinese version of GOHAI

OBJECTIVE: To translate and validate the Chinese version of General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) for elderly in Hong Kong and to investigate factors that possibly may influence the GOHAI scores. METHODS: The English version of GOHAI was translated into Chinese. Persons aged 60-80 years were interviewed by two trained interviewers and clinically examined by a dentist. Information on subjects' demographic background and oral health conditions was collected. RESULTS: Altogether 1,023 elderly were interviewed and clinically examined. The mean GOHAI score was 48.9 (SD = 7.2). Cronbach's alpha of the translated GOHAI was 0.81; item-scale correlation ranged from 0.28-0.61. It was found that the mean GOHAI scores were lower for subjects with poorer perceived oral health (rs = 0.57, P < .001). Elderly who had perceived dental treatment need had a lower mean GOHAI score than those who did not (P < .001). It was also found that elderly who lived in elderly homes, those who received social welfare assistance, those who had recent dental visits, and those with higher DMFT scores had higher mean GOHAI scores. CONCLUSION: The translated Chinese version of GOHAI demonstrated acceptable reliability and validity. It is available for use by researchers in oral health-related quality of life studies on Chinese elderly population.     

中文版口腔健康影响程度量表（OHIP-49）的研制

目的：中文版口腔健康影响程度量表（OHIP-49）的翻译及验证研究。方法：按国际标准程序,对英文原版口腔健康影响程度量表（OHIP-49）进行翻译、回译及跨文化适应过程,形成中文版OHIP-49。使用该量表和自评口腔健康状况调查表,对随机抽取的患有不同口腔疾病的患者和社区居民进行口腔健康相关生活质量调查,考评量表的信度和效度。结果：发放问卷360分,回收有效量表333份。OHIP-49各维度及量表总得分的内部一致性Cronbach＇sα系数为0.79～0.96,重测系数为0.83～0.97;量表得分与自评口腔健康呈显著正相关（P〈0.001）;量表各维度及总得分在不同自我评价治疗需要的人群中有显著差异。结论：OHIP-49中文版具有良好的信度、效度,适合在中国人群中应用。     

Reliability and validity of a Swedish version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP‐S)

The aim of this study was to translate the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) into Swedish and evaluate the reliability and validity of the Swedish version (OHIP‐S). The OHIP is a 49‐item, self‐administered questionnaire divided into 7 different subscales. The original version in English was translated into Swedish, accompanied by back‐translation into English, after which the Swedish version was revised. A total of 145 consecutive patients participated and answered a questionnaire. The patients comprised five clinically separate groups: temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) (n = 30), Primary Sjögren's Syndrome (SS) (n = 30), burning sensation and pain in the oral mucosa (oral mucosal pain, OMP) (n = 28), skeletal malocclusion (malocclusion) (n = 27), and healthy dental recall patients (controls) (n = 30). The TMD group and the control group participated in a test–retest procedure. The internal reliability of each subscale was calculated with Cronbach's alpha and found to be high and to range from 0.83–0.91. The stability (test–retest) of the instrument, calculated using the intraclass correlation coefficient, ranged from 0.87 to 0.98. The construct validity of OHIP‐S was compared with subscales of the Symptom Check List (SCL‐90) (rho 0.65) and the Jaw Function Limitation Scale (JFLS) (rho 0.76) and analyzed with Spearman's correlation coefficient. Convergent validity was evaluated by comparing OHIP with self‐reported health using Spearman's correlation coefficient and was found to be acceptable (rho 0.61). In the evaluation of the discriminative ability of the instrument, significant differences were found in the total OHIP‐S score between the controls and the other four groups (P<0.001). We conclude that the reliability and validity of OHIP‐S is excellent. The instrument can be recommended for assessing the impact of oral health on masticatory ability and psychosocial function.     

Developing a short form of Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) for dental aesthetics: OHIP-aesthetic

OBJECTIVES: To develop and evaluate shortened forms of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) for discriminating dental aesthetics problems and evaluating dental aesthetic outcomes. METHODS: Eighty-seven subjects self-completed the 49-item OHIP at baseline and 63 at follow up (8 weeks later), with the intervention of applying an array of tooth-whitening products. Expert-based approach and regression analysis (on baseline data) were undertaken to derive two subset questionnaires (OHIP-conceptual and OHIP-regression). Their discriminatory ability for dental aesthetics and their responsiveness to tooth whitening were compared with the original OHIP-49, Slade's OHIP-14 and a Chinese short-form version of OHIP. RESULTS: The measures developed were strongly associated with self-rating of dental aesthetics (P < 0.001) unlike OHIP-49 (P = 0.03) or other OHIP short forms (P > 0.05). The measures were also reliable (Cronbach's alpha 0.86) and comparable with the other OHIP forms. In terms of effect size, OHIP-conceptual was more effective in measuring changes than the one based on the regression analysis, the original OHIP-49, OHIP-14 and the Chinese version of the short-form OHIP. It also exhibited a less susceptibility to floor effects than other OHIP forms. CONCLUSION: A modified short form of the OHIP derived (OHIP-conceptual) was the most favorable in discriminating dental aesthetics, was reliable and most sensitive to the dental aesthetics intervention - tooth whitening.     

口腔扁平苔藓患者口腔健康相关生活质量的初步研究

目的通过口腔健康影响程度量表（OHIP）-14中文版了解口腔扁平苔藓患者口腔健康相关生活质量情况,探讨其应用于口腔扁平苔藓临床诊疗的可靠性和准确性。方法采用OHIP-14中文版对51例口腔扁平苔藓患者进行问卷调查,同时采用视觉类比标尺（VAS）对疼痛程度进行评分,REU评分系统对病损情况进行评分。通过SPSS 16.0软件对量表的信度和效度进行统计分析。结果OHIP-14的得分为21.67±9.45,量表的内部一致性Cronbach’s α系数为0.901,因子分析提取的5个公因子与量表各领域有密切的逻辑关系,量表得分与REU分值和VAS分值间呈正相关关系（r=0.608,0.807;P<0.000）。结论OHIP-14中文版评测口腔扁平苔藓患者的口腔健康相关生活质量具有较好的信度和效度,可为病情评估提供参考。     

Reliability and validity of a Swedish version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-S)

The aim of this study was to translate the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) into Swedish and evaluate the reliability and validity of the Swedish version (OHIP-S). The OHIP is a 49-item, self-administered questionnaire divided into 7 different subscales. The original version in English was translated into Swedish, accompanied by back-translation into English, after which the Swedish version was revised. A total of 145 consecutive patients participated and answered a questionnaire. The patients comprised five clinically separate groups: temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) (n = 30), Primary Sj?gren's Syndrome (SS) (n = 30), burning sensation and pain in the oral mucosa (oral mucosal pain, OMP) (n = 28), skeletal malocclusion (malocclusion) (n = 27), and healthy dental recall patients (controls) (n = 30). The TMD group and the control group participated in a test-retest procedure. The internal reliability of each subscale was calculated with Cronbach's alpha and found to be high and to range from 0.83-0.91. The stability (test-retest) of the instrument, calculated using the intraclass correlation coefficient, ranged from 0.87 to 0.98. The construct validity of OHIP-S was compared with subscales of the Symptom Check List (SCL-90) (rho 0.65) and the Jaw Function Limitation Scale (FLS) (rho 0.76) and analyzed with Spearman's correlation coefficient. Convergent validity was evaluated by comparing OHIP with self-reported health using Spearman's correlation coefficient and was found to be acceptable (rho 0.61). In the evaluation of the discriminative ability of the instrument, significant differences were found in the total OHIP-S score between the controls and the other four groups (P < 0.001). We conclude that the reliability and validity of OHIP-S is excellent. The instrument can be recommended for assessing the impact of oral health on masticatory ability and psychosocial function.     

An Arabic version of the Oral Health Impact Profile: translation and psychometric properties

OBJECTIVES: To translate the original English version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) into an Arabic version, and to investigate the psychometric properties of the translated instrument among adults in Saudi Arabia. METHODS: The original English version of OHIP with 49 items was translated into Arabic following accepted cultural adaptation technique guidelines using a forward-backward method. After pilot testing, the instrument was administered to 426 adults in Saudi Arabia. RESULTS: A priori hypothesised associations between the OHIP summary score, self-reported oral health and five oral disorders were confirmed in a convenience sample of the general population (n = 356). These associations were interpreted as support for construct validity. The instrument's responsiveness, as indicated by a mean OHIP summary score change from 62.27 to 14.00, was established in 30 consecutive patients treated for complete and removable partial dentures. Test-retest reliability was demonstrated by intraclass correlation coefficients of 0.75 - 0.90 for dimensions and summary score (n = 40). Internal consistency was high (Cronbach's alpha > 0.74) in the general population sample. CONCLUSION: Sufficient psychometric properties of the OHIP-A make the instrument suitable for assessment of oral health-related quality of life in Saudi Arabia.     

Validation of the response format of the Oral Health Impact Profile

The study investigated the validity of the response format of the Oral Health Impact Profile 49 (OHIP-49). The OHIP-49 was completed by 145 consecutive prosthodontic patients. For each OHIP item, subjects completed the standard ordinal response format (with responses given as never, hardly ever, occasionally, often, or very often, and scored from 0 to 4, respectively). Subjects also separately reported the absolute frequency of impacts for each item (numerical response format) in a personal interview. Response codes for the standard ordinal response format (0-4) and for the numerical response format were summed to give two separate OHIP summary scores. The reliability and validity of the scores generated from each response format were compared using the numerical response format as the standard. Score reliability was high and almost identical for both response formats. Score validity was also satisfactory with a high correlation of scores between response methods. There was also a moderate correlation of scores from both response methods with a single global rating of perceived oral health. These data support the validity of the standard ordinal response format of the OHIP and suggest the use of the numerical response format in order to help capture impacts on oral health when they are infrequent.     

儿童口腔健康影响程度量表的研制

目的评价儿童口腔健康影响程度量表（CPQ11- 14）中文版的信度和效度,探讨其在中国儿童中应用的可行性。方法对CPQ11- 14进行翻译、回译、文化调适和改造,建立儿童口腔健康影响程度量表中文版。使用该量表和口腔健康自我评价表对南宁市218名11～14岁中、小学生进行口腔健康检查和口腔健康相关生存质量调查,考评量表的信度和效度。结果口腔健康影响程度量表的重测信度系数为0.82（P<0.001）,内部一致性Cronbach′s α系数为0.79。通过因子分析提取的5个因子显示,口腔健康影响程度量表存在预想的连带关系和逻辑关系。量表得分与自我评价的口腔健康状态、自我感觉口腔健康对生活质量的影响间有明显相关性,其相关系数分别为- 0.33和0.50（P<0.000 5）。量表得分与龋失补牙指数呈明显正相关（P<0.001）,与中学组错畸形情况（美牙指数）也呈正相关（P<0.05）。结论本量表具有良好的信度和效度,为在中国进一步推广应用提供了理论依据。     

A modified short version of the oral health impact profile for assessing health-related quality of life in edentulous adults

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to develop a shortened version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) appropriate for use in edentulous patients and to evaluate its measurement properties. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data were collected from the Ontario Study of Older Adults and a longitudinal clinical trial of implant-retained prostheses undertaken in Newcastle Dental Hospital, UK. All subjects completed an OHIP at baseline, and UK subjects also completed an OHIP posttreatment. Using an item impact reduction method, a shortened version of the OHIP (called OHIP-EDENT) was derived from both datasets. Discriminant validity and responsiveness properties of this modified version were compared with OHIP-14 and OHIP-49. RESULTS: Using an item impact method of reducing the 49 OHIP items produced very similar subsets in both Canadian and British populations; the modified version had little overlap with the current short version (OHIP-14). Discriminant validity properties of OHIP-EDENT were similar to OHIP-14 and OHIP-49. Using effect sizes to assess sensitivity to change, OHIP-EDENT exhibited less susceptibility to floor effects than OHIP-14 and appeared to measure change as effectively as OHIP-49. CONCLUSION: The modified shortened version of the OHIP derived in this study has measurement properties comparable with the full 49-item version. This modified shortened version may be more appropriate for use in edentulous patients than the current short version.     

中文版儿童感知问卷的信度检验

目的：建立儿童感知问卷（Child Perceptional Questionnaire-CPQ）中文版,并分析其信度、效度。方法：按量表翻译程序将问卷翻译成中文,在寻求正畸治疗的患者中选择541名11~14岁的儿童,要求其完成CPQ11-14问卷。随机选择54名患者2周后重填问卷。结果：Cronbach＇sα系数在0.68-0.89间,重测信度ICC值在0.64~0.88间。自我认为需要接受正畸治疗CPQ11-14分数显著高于认为自己不需要接受正畸治疗的个体;认为牙齿对生活质量没有影响的个体的CPQ11-14均数也显著低于认为对生活有影响的个体。结论：中文版的CPQ11-14问卷具有较好的效度和信度,能用于研究儿童与口腔健康相关的生活质量。     

Evaluation of a word recognition instrument to test health literacy in dentistry: the REALD-99

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate a dental health literacy word recognition instrument. METHODS: Based on a reading recognition test used in medicine, the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine (REALM), we developed the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry (REALD-99). Parents of pediatric dental patients were recruited from local dental clinics and asked to read aloud words in both REALM and REALD-99. REALD-99 scores had a possible range of 0 (low literacy) to 99 (high literacy); REALM scores ranged from 0 to 66. Outcome measures included parents' perceived oral health for themselves and of their children, and oral health-related quality of life of the parent as measured by the short-form Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). To determine the validity, we tested bivariate correlations between REALM and REALD-99, REALM and perceived dental outcomes, and REALD-99 and perceived dental outcomes. We used ordinary least squares regression and logit models to further examine the relationship between REALD-99 and dental outcomes. We determined internal reliability using Cronbach's alpha. RESULTS: One hundred two parents of children were interviewed. The average REALD-99 and REALM-66 scores were high (84 and 62, respectively). REALD-99 was positively correlated with REALM (PCC = 0.80). REALM was not related to dental outcomes. REALD-99 was associated with parents' OHIP-14 score in multivariate analysis. REALD-99 had good reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.86). CONCLUSIONS: REALD-99 has promise for measuring dental health literacy because it demonstrated good reliability and is quick and easy to administer. Additional studies are needed to examine the validity of REALD-99 using objective clinical oral health measures and more proximal outcomes such as behavior and compliance to specific health instructions.     

儿童口腔健康相关生存质量量表信度与效度的验证研究

目的 通过对8～15岁儿童口腔健康相关生存质量量表(COHIP)中文版信度与效度的验证研究,探讨其在中国适龄儿童中应用的可行性.方法 按照国际生存质量评价项目的标准程序,对英文原版COHIP系列问卷中的儿童问卷、父母问卷分别进行翻译、回译、文化调适和改造,建立中文版COHIP,形成适应儿童口腔健康和治疗需求的自我评估问卷、内容效度指数(CvI)合格的评估量表.使用该系列量表对8～15岁的儿童及其家长进行儿童口腔健康相关生存质量调查,考评量表的信度和效度.结果 1 189对儿童及家长接受问卷调查,收回有效问卷1 143份,量表完成率为96.1％.COHIP儿童表内部一致性Cronbach's α[系数为0.903,条目-量表相关系数为0.134～0.611,Guttman分半信度系数为0.798,组内相关系数(ICC)为0.926.COHIP家长表内部一致性Cronbach'sα系数为0.796,条目-量表相关系数为0.121～0.614,Guttman分半信度系数为0.796,ICC为0.931.因子分析显示中文版量表所包含的条目存在预想的逻辑关系.结论 中文版COHIP具有良好的信度和效度,其良好的心理测量学性质为其在中国适龄儿童中的应用提供了理论依据.     

Linking oral health, general health, and quality of life

The aim of this work was to assess the association among oral health, general health, and quality of life (QoL). The Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-49) and the RAND-36 were distributed amongst 118 psychology freshmen. Additionally, two single items self-rated general health (SRGH) and self-rated oral health (SROH) - were administered. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U-tests were used to evaluate differences between SRGH and SROH categories, regarding OHIP subscale scores and RAND subscale scores. More than 75% of the subjects rated their oral and general health as good. Mean OHIP scores and RAND scores indicated a relatively good oral- and general health-related QoL respectively. The correlation between oral and general health was weak. Significant differences were found between SRGH categories regarding RAND subscale scores, except for the 'role emotional' and 'mental health' subscales. Significant differences were also found between SROH categories regarding OHIP subscale scores, except for the 'psychological disability' subscale. However, no significant differences were found between SRGH categories regarding OHIP subscale scores, or between SROH categories regarding RAND subscale scores. The findings suggest that oral health, general health, and QoL have different determinants. Furthermore, oral health and general health appear to be mostly unrelated in this seemingly healthy population. It is proposed that if no apparent disease is present, oral and general health must be regarded as separate constructs.     

Cross-cultural adaptation of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) for the Malaysian adult population

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this project was to develop an oral health related-quality of life measure for the Malaysian adult population aged 18 and above by the cross-cultural adaption the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP). METHOD: The adaptation of the OHIP was based on the framework proposed by Herdman et al (1998). The OHIP was translated into the Malay language using a forward-backward translation technique. Thirty-six patients were interviewed to assess the conceptual equivalence and relevancy of each item. Based on the translation process and interview results a Malaysian version of the OHIP questionnaire was produced that contained 45 items. It was designated as the OHIP(M). This questionnaire was pre-tested on 20 patients to assess its face validity. A short 14-item version of the questionnaire was completed by 171 patients to assess the suitability of the Likert-type response format. Field-testing was conducted in order to assess the suitability of two modes of administration (mail and interview) and to establish the psychometric properties of the adapted measure. RESULTS: The pre-testing revealed that the OHIP(M) has good face validity. It was found that the five-point frequency Likert scale could be used for the Malaysian population. The OHIP(M) was reliable, where the scale Cronbach's alpha was 0.95 and the ICC value for test-retest reliability was 0.79. Three out four construct validity hypotheses tested were confirmed. OHIP(M) works equally well as the English version. CONCLUSION: OHIP(M) was found to be reliable and valid regardless of the mode of administration. However, this study only provides initial evidence for the reliability and validity of the measure. Further study is recommended to collect more evidence to support these results.     

Evaluation of a Swedish version of the OHIP-14 among patients in general and specialist dental care

The aim of this study was to investigate the Swedish version of an oral health-related quality of life (OHRQL) instrument, the short form of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14), and to assess OHRQL among patients in general dental care and specialist clinics (periodontics, TMD and implant dentistry) in G?teborg, Sweden. Consecutively selected patients were asked to answer the OHIP-14, the General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) and a questionnaire including socio-demographic, general health and oral health questions. 153 patients (50-89 years old) out of 237 (65%) returned the questionnaires. Cronbach's Alpha among the OHIP items was high (0.93) and the corrected item-scale correlation varied between 0.51 and 0.79. The correlation between the OHIP-14 score and the GOHAI was high (-0.83) indicating good criterion validity. The mean additive OHIP-14 score was 22.6 (SD = 10.5). Implant patients scored significantly higher than other patient groups with respect to missing teeth, dentures and mobile teeth. High scores were also associated with perceived poor general health and dissatisfaction with life-situation. The test-retest reliability was assessed in a separate sample (n = 47) and the correlation coefficient was 0.85. The Swedish version of OHIP-14 demonstrated good reliability and validity. The poorer OHRQL reported by the implant patients reflects the strong association found between OHIP score and dentures and missing teeth, while OHIP-14 did not show similar sensitivity to other impacts of oral disorders.