人参对巨噬细胞影响的定量细胞化学研究

本文利用图象分析系统(Texture Analysis System TAS)和环核苷酸免疫荧光细胞化学技术研究了人参对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的影响。TAS的定量细胞化学表明人参可显著提高巨噬细胞内PAS阳性物质,AcPase、ATPase和ANAE的含量。同时,环核昔酸免疫荧光细胞化学亦显示人参可增加巨噬细胞内cGMP免疫荧光的强度,而CAMP免疫荧光强度下降。本文对结果的意义进行了讨论。     

人参提取液对小鼠巨噬细胞的辐射防护作用

本文利用图象分析系统(TAS)定量细胞化学和环核苷酸免疫荧光细胞化学技术观察了人参提取液对小鼠巨噬细胞的辐射防护作用。定量测定表明人参可明显提高受照小鼠巨噬细胞内ANAE、AcPase、ATPase和PAS阳性物质的含量。同时,环核苷酸免疫细胞化学亦显示受照小鼠施加人参后巨噬细胞cAMP和cGMP免疫荧光的定位和强度发生变化,恢复至正常定位和强度。本文对结果的意义进行了讨论     

猪苓多糖和氢化考的松对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的作用——细胞化学研究

小鼠注射猪苓多糖和氢化考的松7天后,取其腹腔巨噬细胞,进行细胞化学的定性及定位;并用 MPV-2型显微分光光度计进行定量研究。发现应用氢化考的松后,细胞内的 AcPase、ATPase 和 ANAE 活性下降,多糖含量减少。注射猪苓多糖以后,ATPase、AcPase 和 ANAE 活性增强,多糖含量显著增多。猪苓多糖和氢化考的松同时注射,酶活性及多糖含量与对照组无明显区别。     

小鼠辐射损伤与防护后腹腔巨噬细胞的扫描电镜观察

本实验用扫描电镜观察了~(60)C0-r射线8 Gy全身一次照射后第6天小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞功能的变化。发现照后巨噬细胞的吞噬功能受到抑制,巨噬细胞对鸡红细胞的粘附,固定、捕获和鸡红细胞在巨噬细胞内被消化几个过程延迟;而照射前给予5-羟色胺(5-HT)腹腔注射其吞噬功能受到保护。     

氧化苦参碱对γ一线照射所致小白鼠白细胞数下降的影响(摘要)

实验用体重20—25克的昆明种小白鼠。每个实验组雌雄各半。氧化苦参碱系中药苦参(Sophora flavescens Ait)提取的白色针状结晶,熔点162—163℃,临用前生理盐水溶解,并调节PH至中性。~(60)COγ一线500拉德一次全身照射引起外周血细胞数明著下降。照射后第八天白细胞数只及照前水平(10842±2680/mm~3)的24.6％达2671±992/mm~3。如果照射后每天皮下注射氧化苦参碱200mg/kg,连续七天,白细胞数的下降有所减轻,照后第八天的白细胞均数是3325±830/mm~3,为照前的32.7％,给药组与对照组白细胞数经统计学处理P<0.05,差异显著。(见表1)     

八珍汤对~(60)Co照射小鼠骨髓细胞及相关细胞因子影响的实验研究

目的:探讨八珍汤对60Co照射小鼠骨髓细胞及相关细胞因子的影响。方法:利用60Coγ射线400rad一次性全身照射造成小鼠骨髓损伤和免疫低下,观察受照后第七天小鼠骨髓细胞增殖能力、相关细胞因子产生能力以及体内给药八珍汤小、中、大3个剂量〔小剂量:4.6g/(kg·日);中剂量:9.2g/(kg·日),大剂量:18.4g/(kg·日)〕后以上功能的恢复情况。结果:与正常对照组比较,受照后第7天骨髓细胞增殖能力较正常下降了15.5%,腹腔巨噬细胞产生IL1、脾细胞产生IL2的能力均下降(P<0.05),脾细胞产生IL3的能力未受影响。体内给药,与造模对照组比较,八珍汤大、中剂量明显提高受照小鼠骨髓细胞增殖能力(P<0.001),两剂量组间无明显差异;八珍汤大、小剂量提高IL1的产量(P<0.05);大、中、小3个剂量均可使受照小鼠脾细胞分泌IL2的功能恢复至正常水平(P<0.01),3个剂量组间无显著差异;小剂量八珍汤可使造模小鼠细胞产生IL3能力提高10%(P<0.01)。结论:八珍汤具有提高受照小鼠骨髓细胞增殖能力及相关细胞因子产生能力,为八珍汤用于治疗造血及免疫缺陷病提供理论依据。     

红色奴卡放线菌细胞壁骨架制剂对小鼠腹腔渗出细胞及细胞内环核苷酸含量影响

本实验表明，红色奴卡放线菌细胞壁骨架（Nr-CWS)制剂小鼠腹腔内注射，使腹腔渗出细胞（PEC）明显增加。第1天以多形核粒细胞增加为主很快恢复，4天以后巨噬细胞和淋巴细胞增加显著，吞噬细胞吞噬功能也明显增强，在巨噬细胞吞噬功能增强的同时，PEC中cGMP含量亦显著增加，两者呈平行关系，PEC中cAMP含量在注射Nr-CWS制剂后第2天即显著增加，第6天达高峰，然后逐渐下降至正常水平。     

实验性溶血性贫血对大鼠脾脏影响的组织学与组织化学研究

本文用组织化学方法研究乙酰苯肼(APH)所造成的动物体内急性溶血性贫血对大鼠脾脏的影响,系统地观察了脾脏内酶的活性变化,并用显微分光光度计对巨噬细胞内抗氟化物酯酶的活性进行了定量测定。实验结果表明: 1.注射APH后,随着脾小体缩小和淋巴细胞的减少,脾脏白髓和红髓的琥珀酸脱氢酶、谷氨酸脱氢酶活性逐渐降低,第9天最低,第13天有所恢复。 2.实验动物脾红髓的葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶活性于第3～6天时有所下降,第9天上升至接近正常,第13天稍高于正常水平。 3.注射APH后,脾红髓的酸性磷酸酶和三磷酸腺苷酶活性于实验第6天开始明显增强;非特异性酯酶和抗氟化物酯酶的活性于第3天开始增强,并与注射APH的次数相平行。显微分光光度计测定结果表明,实验动物脾脏巨噬细胞内的抗氟化物酯酶活性于第3,6,9,13天时分别为正常动物的7.4、9.5、20.3和9.4倍。上述酶活性的增强是与巨噬细胞吞噬消化功能的增强相适应的。     

AIM2炎性体识别胞浆鼠巨细胞病毒DNA的实验研究

目的 观察AIM2( absent in melanoma 2)在感染早期识别胞浆小鼠巨细胞病毒(MCMV) DNA的变化状况.方法 建立MCMV全身播散型感染模型,接种MCMV Smith株后第1、3、5和7天各处死3只小鼠;同时设模拟感染小鼠作为正常对照.Western blot检测脾脏巨噬细胞中AIM2、衔接子凋亡相关点样蛋白(ASC)和caspase-1蛋白的表达状况;同时应用ELISA法检测血清中IL-1β和IL-18的水平;空斑法测定感染小鼠唾液腺感染性病毒滴度.结果 MCMV感染后第3、5、7天,小鼠唾液腺组织中感染性病毒滴度逐渐增加;MCMV感染鼠脾脏巨噬细胞中AIM2、ASC和caspase-1蛋白的表达呈现一致的变化,与模拟感染对照鼠比较,AIM2、ASC和caspase-1蛋白相对吸光值在感染后第1天开始升高(P＞0.05),第3天明显升高并达峰值[分别为(1.121±0.243) vs(0.240±0.046),(1.318±0.333) vs (0.248±0.090),(1.085±0.243) vs (0.247±0.064); P＜0.01],其后接近正常;MCMV感染鼠血清IL-1β和IL-18水平在感染后第3天也明显高于模拟感染对照鼠[分别为(112.72±5.20) pg/ml vs (47.86±4.35) pg/ml,(42.74±4.23) pg/ml vs( 22.60±2.82)pg/ml;P＜0.01],其后均逐渐下降接近正常.结论 MCMC感染早期巨噬细胞通过AIM2炎性体识别胞浆MCMV DNA,可能成为CMV感染及感染后所引起的疾病的治疗靶点.     

亚临床缺乏维生素A伴哮喘大鼠免疫功能低下与膜ATPase活性的关系

目的:探讨维生素A(VA)亚临床缺乏时免疫细胞ATPase活性下降对致敏性肺炎的影响。方法:用低VA基础饲料喂养大鼠7周时,卵蛋白致敏第20天后,分为VA缺乏组与VA组,分别隔天口服大豆油0.05ml或VA100μ/0.05ml。致敏后3周取肺、肝、脾匀浆,化学比色法测定上清液Na -K ATP酶、Ca2 -ATP酶活性;肺、脾等ANAE染色,体视学法计数肺、脾ANAE阳性巨噬细胞。结果:VA缺乏组肺局灶性坏死,大量渗血、水肿为主,间质浸润淋巴细胞少。淋巴器官内细胞稀疏,脾Na -K ATPase、Ca2 ATPase活性下降。VA组淋巴器官内细胞密集,肺间质浸润淋巴细胞、巨噬细胞增多,巨噬细胞吞噬抗原颗粒释放活性氧破坏肺泡壁引起肺泡隔较宽病变。结论:VA能提高细胞钠、钙泵活性,促进淋巴细胞增生和正常免疫功能,改善肺炎病变。     

Level of functioning of siblings and parents of probands of varying degrees of retardation

A further analysis of already published data supports the position that retardates of low ability level less frequently have retarded siblings, retarded parents, and parents low in occupational level than do retardates higher in ability level. The analysis supports the position that there are two types of retarded individuals, persons retarded as a result of gene or chromosomal anomalies, brain injury, etc., who more frequently occur in the lower-level retardate group, and persons whose retardation represents polygenic segregation, who more frequently occur in the higher-level group.     

局部注射辛伐他汀对骨质疏松大鼠股骨髁骨小梁的改建效应

背景：局部注射具有成骨作用的辛伐他汀,可显著增加骨质疏松大鼠股骨颈及股骨髁部的骨密度及力学强度,分析局部注射辛伐他汀对股骨髁骨小梁的影响。 目的：进一步研究骨质疏松大鼠股骨内局部注射辛伐他汀对股骨髁骨小梁的影响。为将辛伐他汀应用于临床骨质疏松局部治疗提供实验基础。 方法：18只雌性SD大鼠双侧卵巢切除后3个月,制备大鼠骨质疏松模型。实验大鼠随机数字表法均分为3组,分别在实验大鼠的右侧股骨髓腔内单次注射辛伐他汀溶液5 mg、10 mg,对照组单纯注射空白载体。分别在注射后1个月处死大鼠并取材。Micro-CT扫描并定量分析骨组织形态变化。 结果与结论：给药后1个月,Micro-CT扫描结果显示,辛伐他汀治疗组的骨微结构参数如骨皮质厚度、骨小梁密度及连接率明显优于对照组。说明疏松骨骼单次注射小剂量辛伐他汀可显著促进股骨髁部骨小梁改建,改善骨骼微结构,可为强化局部、防治骨质疏松骨折的新选择进一步提供实验基础。     

石斛属民族药用植物的分类及生药学研究

中药石斛早在《神农本草经》中就被列为上品,其应用历史悠久,具有养阴生津、补肾益气、润喉护嗓、活血明目、抗癌防老等功效。本文对国内外石斛属民族药用植物的分类及生药学研究进行了综述。     

膝关节骨性关节炎的关节镜治疗体会

目的我科自2001～2005年4月对59例67膝的骨性关节炎（0A），进行关节镜检查及镜下清理术。方法镜检：膝关节骨性关节炎伴不同程度滑膜炎，滑膜皱壁粘连纤维片，关节软骨不同程度破坏。镜下清除增生滑膜，松解粘连，去除剥脱软骨、修复关节面。结果随访2月～4年，平均1.5年，术后综合评估2月～1年，优良率94％；1～2年，优良率79.2％；2年以上优良率54.8％。结论关节镜对膝关节骨性关节炎诊断能提供了比较全面的资料，并对骨性关节炎早期有良好疗效，具有创伤小、恢复快、并发症少和重复治疗等优点。     

Anatomical study of distribution of valves of the cutaneous veins of adult''s limbs

Since the cutaneous veins of the four limbs have been used as autogenous grafts in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders, knowledge of distribution of the valves is increasingly required depending upon the use. In the gross anatomical study of distribution of valves of the trunci venae, there has been argument about locational relationships between the venous roots and the valves in the vicinity of the roots and the inter-valvular distance. However, there have been only few reports discussing detailed information about valves of the cutaneous veins of the four limbs. The authors observed patterns of distribution of the cutaneous venous valves of the four limbs of cadavers prepared for practice in anatomy. The following parts were excised from each cadaver: the cephalic, basilic, and the great saphenous veins, which originate from the acral venous network and flow into the proximal deep veins, and the venous roots communicating with these veins. An incision was made on each excised vein in the direction of the long axis under observation with a stereoscopic microscope, and the inter-valvular distance and the distance between the valve and the orifice of venous root in the vicinity of the valve were measured. The inter-valvular distance varied with type of the truncus venae, and it varied according to area even in the same truncus venae.     

Pathways of the realization of immunomodulating effects of neurotransmitters

Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 115, N ^o 4, pp. 401–404, April, 1993     

Characterization of sterols of three digenetic trematodes of buffalo

Sterols of three digenetic trematodes were isolated and characterized by infrared and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies, and gas-liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Sterols identified were cholesterol, cholestanol, 24-methylcholesterol, 24-methylcholestanol, 24-ethyl-22-dehydrocholesterol, 24-ethyl-22-dehydrocholestanol, 24-ethylcholesterol and 24-ethylcholestanol.     

Mechanisms of generation of slow components of bioelectric activity in diagnostics of functional state of the gastrointestinal tract

New electrophysiologic devices were used for the diagnostics of the state of excitable structures in the gastrointestinal tract and correction of their motor functions. Bioelectrical and biomechanical activities form the basis of functioning of internal organs. The mechanisms of generation of slow bioelectrical activity that are important for clinical and physiological studies are described. One of these mechanisms is a capacitance parametric transducer converting the energy of contractions into specific electric signals reflecting muscle functions. Another mechanism results from slow oscillations of resting potentials of interrelated excitable cells in large neuromuscular structures of internal organs. The elaborated procedure is efficient for preventing early postoperative paresis of the gastrointestinal tract. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 128, No. 10, pp. 448–452, October, 1999     

胃小弯侧血管弓的MDCT解剖

目的：研究正常胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管的多排螺旋CT表现。方法：回顾性分析51例正常成人的上腹部CT资料,观察胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管的显示情况、血管弓形态及其与胃壁的关系。结果：51例均显示胃小弯侧血管弓,血管弓贲门部属支、胃体部属支和幽门部属支分别显示46例、15例和10例;血管弓与胃壁紧邻41例。结论：MDCT检查可良好显示正常胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管。     

Assessment of the efficacy of treatment of hemangiomas

Assessment of the aftereffects of cryoexposure and ultrahigh-frequency cryoexposure on hemangioma tissue of various types, cavernous and squamous, showed a higher cryogenic effect in hemangiomatous tissue preexposed to ultrahigh-frequency waves. A quantitative criterion is proposed for assessing the efficacy of the studied methods of exposure. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 6, pp. 669–672, June, 1995