肾移植治疗常染色体显性遗传性多囊肾病患者的临床效果分析（附43例报告）

目的探讨肾移植治疗常染色体显性遗传性多囊肾病（多囊肾）患者的疗效。方法多囊肾患者43例（多囊肾组）,在不切除原双侧肾脏的前提下,进行肾移植,以同期50例原发病为非多囊肾的肾移植患者作为对照组,进行随访研究。比较两组的术后1、3、5年人、肾存活率及排斥反应发生情况,通过肾脏B超检查多囊肾组患者术前与术后移植肾的体积变化,记录多囊肾组的并发症发生情况。结果多囊肾组肾移植术后1、3、5年人存活率分别为95.3%、90.6%、90.6%,术后1、3、5年肾存活率分别为95.3%、88.3%、83.7%。对照组相应为96.0%、92.0%、90.0%,94.0%、92.0%、88.0%,两组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。两组的急性排斥反应发生率比较差异亦无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。多囊肾组术后3～6个月原肾明显缩小,1年后体积基本稳定,跟踪观察1～15年肾脏体积变化不明显。移植后血尿逐渐减轻,7～10d后消失。12例在移植后5～10周反复出现肉眼血尿,均经抗感染治疗后消失。多囊肾患者移植后仍需要应用药物控制血压。多囊肾组尿路感染发生率高达40%。32例多囊肾合并多囊肝,术后发生肝功能损害7例。结论多囊肾患者采用不切除原肾的肾移植效果满意,移植后应严密观察患者移植物肾功能、血尿和感染情况,及时对症处理。     

多囊肾术前不切原肾同种异体尸肾移植11例报告

目的探讨多囊肾尿毒症患者肾移植术前小切多囊肾对肾移植的影响。方法对11例移植术前不切多囊肾尿毒症患者，在成功进行肾脏移植后进行经验总结。追踪术后移棺肾肾功能恢复及术后3年人／移植肾存活率和术后1年原肾体积及血尿变化情况。结果11例移植术前小切多囊肾的尿毒症患者，术后移植肾肾功能均能顺利恢复，占100％。人／移植肾3年存活率100％，移植后原肾体积逐步缩小，12个月内明显缩小20％-45％，血尿逐渐消失。2例术后因原多囊肾严重感染而手术切除（18％）。结论多囊肾尿毒症患者肾移植术前不切原病变肾也能收到满意的移植效果。     

多囊肾尿毒症患者肾移植时同期切除多囊肾的临床分析

目的 探讨多囊肾尿毒症患者在接受肾移植时是否同期切除多囊肾以及切肾对肾移植手术、术后并发症及患者预后的影响.方法 对63例接受肾移植治疗的多囊肾患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析.63例中,合并多囊肝者43例,胰腺囊肿者2例.对多囊肾体积较大影响手术操作、术前曾有血尿或泌尿系感染的31例患者,在肾移植的同时切除患者的多囊肾(切肾组),另32例保留多囊肾,仅行肾移植(保留组).术后采用环孢素A(或他克莫司)、霉酚酸酯和泼尼松预防排斥反应,观察比较两组患者的一般情况、移植肾功能恢复延迟(DGF)发生率、急性排斥反应发生率、手术并发症发生率、术后感染情况、患者和移植肾存活率等指标.结果 切肾组的手术耗时为(300±31)min,肾周引流管持续时间为(4.6±1.4)d,明显长于保留组(P＜0.01,P＜0.01),红细胞输注量为(4.31±1.05)U,明显多于保留组(P＜0.01).切肾组手术并发症发生率为29.0%(9/31),明显高于保留组的6.2%(2/32),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).保留组泌尿系感染发生率为31.2%(10/32),而切肾组只有6.5%(2/31),二者间比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),保留组因术后多囊肾感染而须再次手术切除多囊肾者占12.5%(4/32).切肾组和保留组术前各有24例血压偏高,切肾组术后8例(33.3%)血压恢复正常,而保留组只有2例(8.3%)血压恢复正常,两组间的差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).两组在DGF发生率和急性排斥反应发生率、人/肾1年和5年存活率等方面的差异均无统计学意义.结论 只要操作细致,多囊肾患者接受肾移植时同期切除多囊肾是安全的,但切肾与否与人/肾存活率无关.     

多囊肾患者保留原肾的肾移植疗效分析

目的探讨多囊肾患者保留原肾的肾移植特点、手术方式及疗效。方法回顾性分析25例多囊肾患者肾移植前后原双侧肾脏体积变化以及移植肾功能恢复情况,以25例原发病为慢性肾小球肾炎肾移植患者为对照组。结果25例患者1年人/肾存活率分别为96.0%/92.0%,3年人/肾存活率为90.0%/90.0%;发生急性排斥反应7例(28.0%),移植肾失功2例(8.0%),死亡1例(4.0%);23例患者原肾脏逐渐缩小,左肾长、宽、厚由术前(20.72±4.40)cm、(14.11±2.45)cm、(9.01±1.05)cm缩小至(14.70±2.00)cm、(10.30±1.49)cm、(6.87±0.94)cm,右肾长、宽、厚由术前(20.11±2.64)cm、(15.10±2.14)cm、(9.18±0.96)cm缩小至(15.00±1.84)cm、(10.45±1.28)cm、(6.80±1.15)cm(P<0.05);23例患者移植肾功能稳定,血尿逐渐消失,术前血压(134.20±3.12)/(95.23±2.49)mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa),术后(128.58±2.59)/(92.34±3.40)mm Hg(P>0.05)。对照组1年人/肾存活率分别为100.0%/100.0%,3年人/肾存活率为96.0%/96.0%;发生急性排斥反应6例(24.0%),移植肾失功1例(4.0%),死亡1例(4.0%),与多囊肾组比较均P>0.05,差异无统计学意义。结论多囊肾患者肾移植,不切除原病变肾脏移植效果满意,移植后应严密观察患者移植肾功能、血尿和感染情况。     

多囊肾患者肾移植的临床研究

目的　分析多囊肾病 (PKD)患者肾移植术后移植效果 ,并探讨影响因素。方法　选取19 78年至 2 0 0 2年 46例PKD肾移植患者 (PKD组 )和 46例其它肾脏病 (非糖尿病肾病 )肾移植患者(对照组 )进行回顾性分析。评估人、肾存活率 (肾移植后 1、3和 5年 ) ,以及术后并发症 ,如感染和心血管疾病等情况。结果　两组患者 1、3、5年人存活率 :PKD组为 95.7%、91.3 %、91.3 % ;对照组为97.8%、95.7%、93 .5% ;肾存活率 :PKD组为 93 .5%、89.1%、87.0 % ;对照组为 95.7%、89.1%、87.0 %。PKD组中 ,女性患者 5年移植人、肾存活率达到 10 0 %、10 0 % ,男性只有 88.2 %、82 .4% ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5)。PKD组患者比对照组更易发生尿路感染 (P <0 .0 5) ;其它部位的感染发生率相似。两组心血管并发症差异无显著性 (PKD组 3例 ,对照组 4例 )。结论　PKD组和对照组总的人、肾存活率差异无显著性。PKD组的女性患者肾移植后存活率高于男性 ,可能与性激素的影响有关。尿路感染和严重的肺部感染可能是PKD患者术后主要的并发症。     

影响再次肾移植临床效果的主要因素

目的:探讨影响再次肾移植临床效果的主要因素.方法:报告我院115例再次肾移植患者的临床资料,并与同期首次移植患者的人/肾存活率对比观察.结果:两组间1、3、5年受者存活率的差异无统计学意义;而移植肾的存活率再次移植组明显低于对照组(P<0.05).再次肾移植受者淋巴毒试验<59例,5%～10(例,>10%9例,其移植肾存活率分别为72%、31%、0%.再次肾移植受者PRA<10C例,>10例,其术后急性排斥反应发生率分别为30.2%、75.0%.术后排斥反应、感染、肝功能损伤的发生率,再次移植组高于首次移植组(P<0.05);高血压、高血脂、糖尿病的发生率两组未见显著性差异.结论:再次移植肾存活率低于首次移植;术前PRA、淋巴毒水平是影响再次肾移植效果的主要因素;术后排斥反应、感染及肝功能损伤的发生率高于首次肾移植.     

血液透析和腹膜透析对肾移植术后并发症和预后的影响

目的 探讨血液透析(HD)与腹膜透析(PD)对肾移植术后并发症和预后的影响。 方法 回顾分析402例术前维持性透析超过3个月的同种异体尸体肾移植术患者的临床资料。按透析方式将患者分为HD组（303例）和PD组（99例），并对345例随访（30.2±15.2）月。比较术前HD和PD对肾移植术后受者和移植肾存活率以及肾移植术后并发症，包括急性排斥、移植肾功能延迟恢复（DGF）、感染、慢性排斥等的影响。 结果 除了术前平均透析时间PD组长于HD组，乙型肝炎（乙肝）感染率HD组明显高于PD组外，在原发病、年龄、性别、血压、血红蛋白、HLA配型、冷热缺血时间、丙型肝炎感染等方面两组间差异无统计学意义。移植术后两组在DGF、急性排斥、慢性排斥、巨细胞病毒（CMV）感染和其他感染的发生率等方面差异无统计学意义。HD组术前透析时间>12个月的患者急性排斥的发生率显著高于<12个月的患者（P ＜ 0.05）。乙肝患者比非乙肝患者更易发生移植肾丧失功能（19.23% 比 8.86％，P = 0.021）。PD组乙肝病毒阴性的患者术后感染发生率较低。术后患者1年和5年存活率在两组间差异无统计学意义（1年：HD 94.34%，PD 91.25%；5年：HD 92.83%，PD 90%）；同样移植肾1年和5年存活率两组间差异也无统计学意义（1年：HD 93.21%，PD 96.25%；5年：HD 87.17%，PD 91.25%）。 结论 HD和PD对肾移植术后并发症、患者及移植肾1年和5年存活率的影响相似，均可作为慢性肾衰竭患者肾移植术前替代治疗。HD患者的急性排斥发生率随着透析时间的延长而增加，因此，缩短肾移植前透析时间将有助减少肾移植术后并发症。     

多囊肾患者肾移植的临床研究

目的 探讨多囊肾患者肾移植的特点、不切除原双侧肾脏的可行性及其对移植效果的影响。方法 总结了２８例多囊肾患者肾移植的临床研究结果。最大年龄６２岁,平均５６．２岁;透析时间３～１８个月。移植术前、术中及术后均未节除原双侧肾脏。移植后观察肾脏体积及血尿的变化,采取积极的防治感染措施。结果 １年人肾存活率均为９５．２％,３年存活率８５．７％,最长存活已９年;急性排斥反应的发生率１０．７％,移植后原肾脏体     

成人型多囊肾与肾移植(附8例报告)

本文报告我院对8例成人型多囊肾施行同种异体肾移植的经验和体会。结果表明一年人/肾存活率为75％。讨论了①是否应该对这些病人施行肾移植?②术前肾切除对肾移植效果的影响;③多囊肾行肾移植后感染等并发症问题。     

合并顽固性高血压的尿毒症患者肾移植前切除双肾对移植肾功能的影响

目的　探讨尿毒症合并药物难以控制的高血压患者肾移植前切除双肾对术后血压及移植肾功能的影响。方法　 42例合并顽固性高血压的尿毒症患者分成 2组 (每组 2 1例 ) ,一组先行双肾切除 ,6个月～ 1年后再行肾移植 ,另一组不切肾 ,直接施行肾移植。对比分析 2个组肾移植术后的血压及移植肾功能的恢复情况。结果　切肾组在双肾切除后 ,13例 (6 1.9% )的平均舒张压低于 90mmHg或较术前降低 10mmHg以上 ;6例 (2 8.6 % )的平均舒张压较术前降低 15 %以上 ;肾移植术后1年 ,双肾切除组血压正常者 11例 (5 2 .4% ) ,对照组血压正常者 5例 (2 3.8% ) ,两组比较 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;移植肾 1年存活率 ,切肾组为 95 .2 % ,对照组为 81.0 % ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1)。结论　存在顽固性高血压的尿毒症患者若需行肾移植 ,在明确手术指征的情况下可先行自体双肾切除术 ,这有利于肾移植术后血压的控制及移植肾功能的稳定     

Selective, concurrent bilateral nephrectomies at renal transplantation for autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease

PURPOSE: An algorithm was developed for performing bilateral nephrectomies for specific indications before or at renal transplantation in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Outcomes for the living donor arm of the algorithm are reported. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease and end stage renal disease were evaluated for transplantation. Patients with recurrent pyelonephritis, hemorrhage, pain, early satiety or kidneys that extended into the true pelvis underwent bilateral nephrectomies. Bilateral nephrectomies with concurrent renal transplantation were performed if a living renal donor was identified. If no living donor was identified, pre-transplantation bilateral nephrectomies were done and the patients were listed for cadaveric donor renal transplantation. The living renal donor arm of the algorithm was evaluated by comparing certain parameters for 15 and 17 patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease who underwent pre-transplantation and concurrent bilateral nephrectomies, respectively, including patient and graft survival, delayed graft function, graft function, length of stay for each surgery, transfusions and complications. RESULTS: No deaths, graft failures or delayed graft function occurred. In the delayed renal transplant group median time from nephrectomy to living donor transplantation was 124 days. Serum creatinine at discharge home and 1 year after transplantation for the pre-transplantation nephrectomy cohort was 2.0 and 1.3 mg/dl, respectively. Seven of the 17 patients with concurrent nephrectomy underwent transplantation before starting renal replacement therapy. A longer mean total hospital stay in the pre-transplantation nephrectomy cohort was the only statistically significance outcome variable. CONCLUSIONS: Selective bilateral nephrectomies at living donor renal transplantation results in decreased total length of stay without compromising patient or graft outcomes and it allows preemptive renal transplantation. Concurrent nephrectomy is safe and it further validates the algorithm for selective, concurrent bilateral nephrectomies for patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease who undergo living donor renal transplantation.     

Clinical aspects of renal transplantation in polycystic kidney disease

BACKGROUND: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) as a systemic disorder represents a special subgroup among patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The different organ manifestations are potential risk factors for cardiovascular events or infections in the course after renal transplantation. Therefore, a long-term evaluation of ADPKD patients and of a control group was done. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 80 ADPKD patients were compared with 88 non-diabetic patients in a retrospective follow-up after renal transplantation. Patient and graft survival (1, 5 and 10 years after transplantation) as well as complications such as infections and cardiovascular events were evaluated. RESULTS: A comparable overall transplant (1 year, 5 years, 10 years: 83%, 73%, 67% ADPKD vs. 84%, 70%, 51% controls) and patient survival rate (1 year, 5 years, 10 years: 96%, 84%, 73% ADPKD vs. 91%, 79%, 58% controls) was found in both groups. Infectious complications with the exception of urinary tract infections (UTIs: ADPKD 42.5% vs. 26%) were diagnosed in similar frequency in the graft recipients. ADPKD patients were significantly more affected by UTIs than their control group (p < 0.05) and tended to suffer more often from lethal infections (ADPKD 7 vs. controls 3), but without statistical significance. Cardiovascular events were not observed to be significantly different between both groups (ADPKD 3 vs. controls 4). An obvious difference was found in patient (p < 0.01) and transplant survival rates (p < 0.05) of male and female ADPKD patients. The female group showed a significantly better outcome. CONCLUSIONS: The overall patient and graft survival rates did not differ between the ADPKD and control groups. The better outcome of female ADPKD graft recipients compared to the male group may be related to a gender-dependent disease severity, possibly due to hormonal effects. As UTIs and lethal septicemia were the leading complications in ADPKD patients, a careful monitoring for infections is important in the post-transplant follow-up.     

Deceased donor kidney transplantation in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: a single-center experience

Renal transplantation (RTx) has become the treatment of choice for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), the most common genetic kidney disease. Because of the inheritable nature of this disease, live related donors might be avoided due to the fear of future appearance of polycystic disease. This retrospective singlecenter study was undertaken to evaluate patient/graft survival function vis-a-vis serum creatinine (SCr), rejection episodes and mortality in ADPKD vs matched control patients. Between 2000 and 2009, 18 (7.4%) deceased donor renal transplant (DDRTx) were performed for ESRD due to ADPKD. Diagnosis of ADPKD was established by family history and ultrasound. An individualized approach was applied for the need of pre-transplant nephrectomy. All recipients received rabbit-anti-thymocyte globulin induction and maintenance triple immunosuppression. Delayed graft function was observed in 33% patients, and 16% had biopsy-proven acute rejection. Over mean follow-up of 4.67 ± 2.2 years, patient and graft survival rates were 72.22% and 83.33%, with mean SCr (mg/dL) of 1.44 ± 0.54, 1.78 ± 0.42 and 2.2 ± 0.6 at 1, 5 and 10 years. Overall, 44.4% (n-8) underwent pre-transplant nephrectomy. Infection and cardio/cerebrovascular events were the main causes of death. Patient, graft survival and acute rejection were similar between ADPKD and control group. DDRTx in ADPKD has acceptable patient and graft survival. Because of the inheritable nature of the disease, and unavailability of genetic linkage analysis as a routine, DDRTx is a viable option to avoid using unrelated donors.     

Management of end-stage autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease with hemodialysis and transplantation

This is an analysis of the outcome of 35 patients with end-stage autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) at Toronto Western Hospital (TWH) during a 10-year period. The primary treatment in each case was hemodialysis. In the 15 patients managed exclusively with hemodialysis the one- and five-year actuarial survival was 93% and 77% respectively. Twenty patients ultimately received a total of 26 cadaveric renal allografts. Graft survival at one year was 76%. One- and five-year patient survival was 92% and 73% respectively. Beyond 5 years a trend towards increased survival in the transplant group was seen, compared with the exclusively hemodialyzed group. Bilateral nephrectomy prior to transplantation was associated with high morbidity and mortality, and did not change either graft or patient survival. In view of the similar survival and because it is accepted that transplantation offers the highest quality of life amongst the modalities of treatment for end-stage renal failure, transplantation should be considered the treatment of choice for end-stage ADPKD. There is no justification for routine bilateral nephrectomy before renal transplantation.     

Experience With Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease in Patients Before and After Renal Transplantation: A 7-Year Observation

Objective

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is characterized by the presence of multiple cysts in both kidneys. Symptoms of the disease may arise either from the presence of cysts or from increasing loss of kidney function. First symptoms usually appear in the third decade of life: lumbar pain, urinary tract infections, arterial hypertension, or renal colic due to cyst rupture or coexistent nephrolithiasis. An early diagnosis, male gender, large kidneys by sonography, arterial hypertension, hematuria, and urinary tract infections are predictive factors of a faster progression of the disease. Our aim was to establish the indications for nephrectomy among symptomatic ADPKD patients before kidney transplantation and to assess the risks of posttransplantation complications among ADPKD patients without nephrectomy.

Patients and Methods

The observed group consisted of 183 patients with ADPKD among whom 50 (27.3%) underwent kidney transplantation during a 7-year observation period (2000-2007). Among those subjects were 3 groups: (I) nephrectomy preceding transplantation; (II) nephrectomy during kidney transplantation; and (III) without nephrectomy.

Results

Among group I before transplantation we observed: arterial hemorrhage, wound infections, and splenectomy 4 weeks after ADPKD nephrectomy; afterward we observed: urinary tract infections and contralateral cyst infection. Among group II we only observed 1 case of wound infection. Among group III we observed: ascending urinary tract infections, cyst infections, and cyst hemorrhage. Cyst hemorrhage and cyst infections led mainly to ADPKD kidney nephrectomy. During the observation time, 80.95% of grafts were functioning.

Conclusions

Unilateral nephrectomy is a well-founded preliminary surgical treatment before kidney transplantation. Bilateral nephrectomy before or during transplantation eliminates ADPKD complications and does not significantly increase general complications. The greatest numbers of complications and of graft losses were observed among the group without pretransplantation nephrectomy.     

Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease Transplant Recipients After Kidney Transplantation: A Single-center Experience

Kidney transplantation is indicated for end-stage renal disease. Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) causes structural degeneration of the kidney and eventually becomes end-stage renal disease. ADPKD patients usually have several renal and nonrenal complications. We analyzed our kidney transplantation activities between 1991 and 2010 regarding ADPKD. We followed up with patients to December 31, 2016. Data were collected as patient and graft survival rates, the prevalence of polycystic manifestation of the gastrointestinal tract and other organs, and the attendance of urinary tract infection. Among the 734 kidney transplantations, 10.9% (n = 80) had an ADPKD. Four patients (5%) had diverticulum perforation. The prevalence of post-transplantation urinary tract infection was higher in ADPKD patients (55.9%) compared to non-ADPKD patients (44.1%). The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates in ADPKD recipients versus non-ADPKD patients are 77.5%, 70.0%, and 67.5% versus 86.4%, 83.0%, and 80.1%, respectively. Patients with ADPKD were transplanted at an elder age compared to others (median: 47.5 years vs. 39.9 years). Female patients had longer graft survival times than males. ADPKD implies multiple cystic degeneration of the kidneys; however, it can cause structural degeneration in other organs. It is typical for ADPKD patients to have an acute abdominal-like syndrome. Immunosuppressive drugs can hide the clinical picture, which makes early diagnosis difficult.     

再次肾移植受者和移植肾长期预后影响因素分析

目的探究再次肾移植受者和移植肾存活情况及长期预后影响因素。 方法回顾性分析1991年1月1日至2017年12月31日于浙江大学医学院附属第一医院肾脏病中心接受肾移植受者临床资料。共纳入再次肾移植受者37例,首次肾移植受者5 374例。根据再次肾移植受者移植肾存活时间长短,将其分为长期存活组(19例,>5年)和短期存活组(18例,≤5年)。采用成组t检验比较长期和短期存活组供受者年龄、首次与再次肾移植间隔时间、HLA错配数和再次移植供肾冷/热缺血时间。采用卡方检验比较长期和短期存活组受者性别、再次移植供肾类型、再次移植前后群体反应性抗体阳性比例、首次移植失功移植肾切除比例、再次移植前免疫诱导比例及再次移植后移植肾功能延迟恢复(DGF)和急性排斥反应发生比例。采用Kaplan-Meier法分析再次和首次肾移植受者/移植肾1、5和10年存活率。采用Cox比例风险模型分析影响再次肾移植术后移植肾长期存活影响因素。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。 结果截至2018年3月1日,37例再次肾移植受者中位随访时间为152个月(11～323个月),2例死亡,18例发生移植肾失功,17例移植肾功能稳定。5 374例首次肾移植受者中位随访时间为108.9个月(0.1～350.0个月),459例死亡,1 343例发生移植肾失功。再次移植组受者/移植肾1、5和10年存活率分别为86%/81%、86%/62%和82%/36%,首次移植组受者/移植肾1、5和10年存活率分别为99%/98%、93%/89%和88%/80%。再次移植组移植肾1、5和10年存活率均低于首次移植组(χ²＝60.816、25.110和43.900,P均<0.05);再次移植组受者1年存活率低于首次移植组,差异有统计学意义(χ²＝40.409,P<0.05)。长期和短期存活组受者再次移植后移植肾DGF和急性排斥反应发生比例差异均有统计学意义(χ²＝4.039和4.748,P均<0.05)。Cox回归分析结果示DGF和急性排斥反应是影响再次肾移植受者移植肾长期存活的独立危险因素,差异有统计学意义(RR＝4.317和4.571,P均<0.05)。 结论再次肾移植受者移植肾存活率低于首次肾移植受者,DGF和急性排斥反应是影响再次移植受者移植肾存活的独立危险因素。     

Clinical outcome of preemptive kidney transplantation in patients with diabetes mellitus

End-stage renal disease (ESRD) caused by diabetic nephropathy is increasing throughout the world. The survival of diabetic patients treated by transplantation has improved nowadays. Although recent studies have demonstrated preemptive kidney transplantation to be associated with better graft survival in CKD patients, the effect of pre-transplantation dialysis on graft outcomes among diabetic ESRD patients is unclear. This analysis summarized our experience with preemptive kidney transplantation in diabetic ESRD patients by retrospectively comparing 70 such patients transplanted between 1995 and 2009. These 70 patients were divided into two groups: 30 patients underwent preemptive and the other 40 transplantation after maintenance hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. We compared graft survivals, acute rejection episodes, postoperative complications, and delayed graft function rates. The 10-year patient survival of 100% in the preemptive group was similar to that of the nonpreemptive group (85%, P = .11). But the 10 year graft survival was higher among the preemptive than the nonpreemptive group (100% vs 75%, P = .02). Pre-transplantation modality did not affect graft survival. Therefore, preemptive kidney transplantation should be applied to eligible patients with diabetic ESRD.