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1.
目的 研究孕前体重状况与孕期体重增长与巨大儿发生的关系。方法 以上海2家医院健康产妇为研究对象。采集产妇指标(年龄、身高、孕前BMI、文化程度、既往疾病史、分娩前体重、血三酰甘油)和新生儿指标(性别、出生体重、出生身长、出生孕周)。采用二项Logistic回归进行多因素分析。以孕前BMI分组,将新生儿是否为巨大儿作为因变量,孕期增重作为检验变量,对孕前营养不良、正常和超重(肥胖)组分别使用ROC曲线计算界值,得出孕期合理体重增长的上限值。结果 共纳入1 286例产妇,平均年龄(28.8±3.7)岁。孕前营养不良、正常和超重(肥胖)组分别为239例(18.6%)、872例(67.8%)和175例(13.6%)。孕期平均增重(15.4±4.7) kg,其中孕期体重增长过少206例(16.0%)、正常488例(37.9%)、过多592例(46.0%)。新生儿出生体重(3 380±384)g,巨大儿发生率6.0%(77/1 286)。孕前营养不良、正常和超重(肥胖)组巨大儿发生率分别为2.9%(7/239)、5.6%(49/872)和12.0%(21/175)。巨大儿产妇孕周、孕前BMI、孕期增重、高三酰甘油血症发生率均明显高于正常出生体重儿产妇。多因素Logistic分析显示孕前超重、孕周增加、孕期体重增长过多和高三酰甘油血症是巨大儿发生的危险因素。孕前营养不良、正常和超重(肥胖)组孕期体重增重界值分别为20.8、14.8和15.3 kg。结论 孕前超重、孕周增加、孕期体重增长过多和高三酰甘油血症与巨大儿发生相关。  相似文献   

2.
目的:探讨超重孕妇孕期膳食血糖生成指数(GI)变化水平与新生儿出生体重及母子胰岛素抵抗水平的关系。方法:选择在江苏省昆山市妇幼保健所及上海市国际和平妇幼保健院参加产检的超重孕妇为研究对象。前瞻性收集孕妇初次产检及孕中期膳食资料,计算GI变化水平(ΔGI)。采用Pearson相关分析ΔGI与新生儿出生体重、孕晚期空腹胰岛素及脐血C肽之间的相关关系,利用多元回归校正混杂因素的影响,进一步分析ΔGI与三者之间的关系。将ΔGI分为4组(<25%、~50%、~75%和>75%), 出生体重分为巨大儿、正常体重儿、低出生体重儿3组,应用有序多分类Logistic 回归分析孕期ΔGI和出生体重各分组之间的关系。结果:本文共纳入392名超重孕妇,初诊和孕中期膳食GI平均水平分别为64.4±9.2和63.8±9.5,ΔGI为-0.6±12.7。孕晚期空腹胰岛素平均水平为11.6(7.4~15.8) μU·mL-1。新生儿平均出生体重(3489.7±519.6)g,巨大儿发生率14.4%,脐血C肽的平均水平为0.7(0.4~1.0) ng·mL-1。相关分析并未发现ΔGI与新生儿出生体重、孕晚期空腹胰岛素及脐血C肽之间的关系。多元线性逐步回归分析显示新生儿出生体重与ΔGI、孕期增重、新生儿性别、分娩孕周有关。有序多分类Logistic 回归分析显示,随着孕期ΔGI的增加,新生儿出生体重呈上升趋势(OR=1.54,95% CI:1.06~2.25)。多元回归分析并未发现ΔGI与孕晚期空腹胰岛素、脐血C肽之间的关系。结论:超重孕妇孕期膳食GI变化水平与新生儿出生体重显著相关,与母子胰岛素抵抗水平无关。  相似文献   

3.
目的 探讨孕期营养干预和孕期代谢性危险因素对妊娠结局的影响。方法 研究对象为上海市国际和平妇幼保健院2010年5月至2012年4月接受常规产检并且分娩的孕妇。采用回顾性队列研究,在确诊为妊娠糖尿病(GDM)的孕妇中比较膳食干预组(接受膳食咨询) 和对照组(未接受膳食咨询)不良妊娠结局的差异,GDM诊断采用2010年国际糖尿病与妊娠研究组推荐标准。采用Logistics逐步回归分析母亲孕期危险因素对巨大儿发生的影响及作用大小。结果 ①10 421名孕妇的围生期信息进入数据分析。孕妇初诊时平均孕周20.8(19.4~22.4)周,初诊时空腹血糖(FBS)、三酰甘油(TG)和总胆固醇(CHOL)平均水平分别为(4.3±0.4)、(1.3±0.6)和(4.7±0.8) mmol·L-1,收缩压和舒张压的平均水平分别为(111.3±11.5)和(67.9±13.3)mmHg。高危孕妇的GDM的患病率为15.8%。新生儿平均出生体重(3 355.4±426.0) g,巨大儿发生率6.2%。②812名GDM孕妇中,干预组570例,对照组242例。两组孕妇年龄、文化程度、孕20周体重、初诊时血糖、血脂等基线水平均衡可比。干预组的新生儿出生体重、巨大儿发生率和妊娠期高血压发生率均低于对照组,分别为(3 347.4±19.6) vs (3 450.3±35.6) g(P=0.007)、6.7% vs 15.6%(P=0.001)和26.3% vs 47.9% (P<0.001)。随着营养干预次数的增加,孕中晚期体重增长量和新生儿出生体重均呈下降趋势(r=-0.126,P=0.003;r=-0.112,P=0.002),巨大儿的发生率也依次降低。③Logistic逐步回归分析显示,孕20周时体重(OR=1.08,95%CI:1.07~1.09)、孕中晚期体重增长量(OR=1.10,95%CI:1.07~1.12)和GDM(OR=1.63,95%CI:1.22~2.19)是巨大儿发生的危险因素。结论 对高危孕妇应考虑进行更早期的孕期危险因素管理以及膳食指导干预,控制孕期体重合理增长,有望减少不良妊娠结局的发生。  相似文献   

4.
目的 探讨维吾尔族超重/肥胖儿童青少年的血尿酸(SUA)水平与代谢综合征(MS)之间的关系。方法 研究对象为维吾尔族儿童青少年超重/肥胖患者(n=173)和体重正常者(n=200)。测量其身高、体重、腰围及总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-c)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-c)、空腹血糖及 SUA。结果 超重组和肥胖组的 SUA 水平分别为 235±42、285±42 μmol/L,均明显高于对照组(199±32 μmol/L),差异有统计学意义(PPP2,SUA 水平增加 5.74 μmol/L。结论 维吾尔族超重/肥胖儿童青少年的 SUA 水平明显升高;SUA水平升高,MS 及其组分发生率增加;SUA 与体重指数呈正相关。  相似文献   

5.
目的 探讨母孕前父母超重/肥胖与子代孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)发生的关系。方法 选取ASD儿童36名(ASD组)及性别、年龄与之相匹配的72名正常儿童(对照组)纳入研究。采用问卷调查的方式收集母亲孕前两组儿童父母身高、体重以及母亲孕期增重等信息,采用单因素和多因素logistic回归法分析母孕前父母超重/肥胖与子代ASD的关系。结果 ASD组母孕前父亲超重/肥胖的检出率高于对照组(56% vs 32%,P=0.018)。单因素和多因素logistic回归分析均显示母孕前父亲超重/肥胖是子代发生ASD的危险因素(分别OR=2.66、2.58,P < 0.05)。结论 母孕前父亲超重/肥胖是子代罹患ASD的独立危险因素,因此在母亲妊娠前,父亲的体重指数应控制在正常范围内,以减少子代ASD的发生。  相似文献   

6.
目的 研究FTO(fat-mass and obesity associated)基因SNP rs9939609和rs1421085多态性与儿童青少年单纯性肥胖及其代谢指标的相关性。方法 以2004至2006年于复旦大学附属儿科医院内分泌门诊就诊的汉族单纯性肥胖和超重儿童青少年分别作为肥胖组和超重组;选择上海市某中学正常体重汉族学生作为正常对照组。分别测量身高和体重,计算BMI。测定血清空腹葡萄糖(FPG)、空腹胰岛素(FIns)、三酰甘油(TG)和总胆固醇(TC)水平。计算胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)和胰岛素敏感指数(QUICKI)。抽提外周血基因组DNA,采用Taqman-MGB探针技术检测FTO基因SNP rs9939609和rs1421085多态性,分析不同基因型与代谢指标和BMI的相关性。结果 肥胖组纳入236例,超重组纳入239例,正常对照组纳入241名。①肥胖+超重组的BMI、FPG、FIns、TG和 HOMA-IR显著高于正常对照组;②肥胖、超重和正常对照组rs9939609分型成功率分别为94.9%(224/236例)、97.9(234/239例)和95.9%(231/241名),rs1421085分型成功率分别为92.8%(219/236例)、97.1% (232/239例)和95.4%(230/241名)。rs9939609 AA基因型频率:肥胖组为2.7%,超重组为0.4%,正常对照组为1.7%,肥胖+超重组A等位基因频率显著高于正常对照组(OR=1.437,P=0.048);rs1421085 CC基因型频率:肥胖组为2.7%,超重组为0.9%,正常对照组为1.7%,肥胖+超重组C等位基因频率高于正常对照组,但差异无统计学意义(OR=1.388,P=0.076 0);③rs1421085 TC +CC基因型和rs9939609 TA +AA 基因型儿童青少年的BMI显著高于TT基因型(rs9939609:P=0.000 3;rs1421085:P=0.000 5);rs1421085 TC +CC基因型和rs9939609 TA +AA 基因型与FPG、FIns、TG、TC、HOMA-IR、QUICKI无显著相关性。结论 FTO基因SNP rs9939609和rs1421085多态性与中国汉族儿童青少年肥胖和(或)超重存在相关性。A等位基因频率远低于欧洲人群,对BMI的作用效果与欧洲人群相似,但对代谢指标影响存在显著差异。  相似文献   

7.
目的 建立中国新疆地区哈萨克族7~18岁中小学生超重和肥胖的体重指数(BMI)百分位曲线和界值点参考标准。方法 采用横断面调查研究,在中国新疆阿勒泰市及其所属乡镇的中小学采用整群随机抽样方法抽取4所学校(共49个班级)同意参加调查的哈萨克族7~18岁中小学生为调查对象。采集性别、年龄、身高和体重测量资料;应用偏度-中位数-变异系数法建立哈萨克族7~18岁中小学生的BMI百分位曲线;利用儿童青少年超重和肥胖的BMI百分位数曲线在18岁通过国际肥胖工作小组(IOTF)定义的成人超重和肥胖BMI界值点(25 kg·m-2/30 kg·m-2) 和中国肥胖问题工作组(WGOC)定义的界值点( 24 kg·m-2和28 kg·m-2) 的方法,计算出哈萨克族7~18岁各年龄超重和肥胖的BMI界值点。结果 共采集7~18岁中小学生2 487名,其中男1 158名,女1 329名。①按照IOTF标准,超重和肥胖的BMI百分位曲线:男性分别为P88.63和P98.28,女性分别为P84.41和 P98.12;按照WGOC标准,超重和肥胖的BMI百分位数曲线:男性分别为P92.96和P99.28 ,女性分别为P90.53和P99.38。②哈萨克族男性超重和肥胖BMI标准曲线低于WGOC和IOTF标准;女性肥胖标准曲线13~14岁前低于WGOC和IOTF标准,之后略高于WGOC和IOTF标准。 ③哈萨克族男性超重、肥胖的界值百分位曲线均低于或接近的汉族和维吾尔族水平;哈萨克族女性超重界值百分位曲线在14岁前介于汉族和维吾尔族间,之后接近或达到汉族水平;肥胖界值百分位曲线在10岁前低于汉族和维吾尔族水平,14岁后达到或接近汉族水平。结论 儿童青少年BMI分布有显著的地域差异和民族差异,哈萨克族中小学生超重和肥胖BMI界值标准不同于IOTF和WGOC所建议的相应标准。因此哈萨克族中小学生超重、肥胖人群的筛查可以参考本研究建立的标准。  相似文献   

8.
目的探讨儿童青少年血浆促酰化蛋白(ASP)水平与肥胖及代谢综合征(MS)的关系。方法以2004年北京市儿童青少年代谢综合征(BCAMS)调查总样本中1 603名6~18岁儿童青少年为研究对象。采用中国肥胖问题工作组推荐的标准诊断超重和肥胖。符合下述5项指标中的3项及以上者诊断为MS:①腹型肥胖(腰围≥P90);②高血压(≥P90);③高密度脂蛋白胆固醇≤1.03 mmol·L-1;④三酰甘油≥1.24 mmol·L-1;⑤高空腹血糖(≥5.60 mmol·L-1)。采用ELISA法检测血浆ASP水平,免疫透射比浊法检测补体3(C3)水平。采用方差分析比较超重、肥胖及MS儿童青少年的血浆ASP水平,多因素Logistic回归分析血浆ASP水平与超重、肥胖及MS的关系。结果1 603名研究对象中男性873名(54.5%)、女性730名(45.5%);超重和肥胖者分别为291名(18.2%)和709名(44.2%);MS为376名(23.4%)。正常体重、超重和肥胖组MS检出率分别为2.2%(13/603名)、15.5%(45/291名)和44.9%(318/709名)。正常体重组血浆ASP水平男性低于女性,差异有统计学意义(t=2.527,P<0.05)。正常体重、超重和肥胖组血浆ASP的几何均值(P25~P75),男性分别为37.52(22.36~64.58)、57.88(34.10~95.11)和60.63(35.30~109.72) nmol·L-1;女性分别为44.16(27.27~74.72)、60.25(35.68~113.15)和66.68(44.56~113.97) nmol·L-1,均呈逐渐升高趋势(男性:F=34.329,P<0.001;女性:F=22.246,P<0.001)。C3水平仅在肥胖女性中升高(P<0.01)。血浆ASP水平随MS组分聚集的数目增加而升高(男性:F=16.422,P<0.001;女性:F=9.661,P<0.001),与高血压、腹型肥胖和高空腹血糖的关系尤为密切。血浆ASP水平升高与儿童青少年超重、肥胖和MS的患病风险密切相关,相对于最低5分位值,位于最高5分位值的ASP水平与超重、肥胖和MS关系的OR值(95%CI)分别为3.90(2.38~6.39)、6.05(4.06~9.01)和2.89(1.93~4.33)。结论超重、肥胖和MS儿童青少年血浆ASP水平明显升高,血浆ASP水平可能对儿童青少年超重、肥胖和MS的发生具有较好的预测价值。  相似文献   

9.
目的:探讨中国三省六县农村地区巨大儿发生率的影响因素.方法:采用分层整群随机抽样相结合的方法,抽取三省六县25个医疗卫生机构2008年入院分娩的活产儿病案进行病历摘录.结果:共摘录17805份合格病案,其中巨大儿1765例,巨大儿发生率为9.91%(95%CI:9.47-10.35).单因素分析显示,新生儿性别、产妇分娩年龄、职业、孕次、产次、孕周、孕前体质指数(BMI)、孕期增重、首次产检孕周、产前检查次数可能是发生巨大儿的影响因素.非条件Logistic回归分析显示,发生巨大儿的风险,男婴是女婴的1.81倍,过期产是非过期产的1.91倍,孕前超重和肥胖的妇女分别是正常者的1.98倍和3.20倍,孕期增重超过18kg的妇女是正常者的1.80倍,孕13-20周和孕20周以后才进行首次产前检查的妇女分别是孕早期开始产检的2.72倍和3.60倍.结论:三省六县农村地区巨大儿发生率较高,新生儿性别、妇女分娩年龄、孕周、孕前BMI指数、孕期增重、首次产检孕周是巨大儿的影响因素.  相似文献   

10.
巨大儿0~18月龄生长随访分析   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
目的:调查巨大儿出生后的生长情况以及18月龄时超重发生率和相关因素。方法:84例无基础疾病的巨大儿纳入研究,定期随访其生长情况,并比较分析18月龄时超重的相关因素。结果:18月龄时,84例巨大儿中有24%超重(20/84),男婴的超重比例高于女婴(30% vs 11%,P<0.05)。18月龄时超重组的6月龄超重比例及12月龄超重比例均高于非超重组(80% vs 22%,P<0.01;80% vs 13%,P<0.01)。 Spearman相关分析显示,巨大儿出生体重、0~6月体重增长、7~12月体重增长和13~18月体重增长与其18月龄时按身长的体重Z评分均呈正相关(P<0.05),其中0~6月体重增长与18月龄时Z评分相关性最高(r=0.597,P<0.01)。结论:对出生巨大儿,应重点干预出生后6个月内的体重快速增长,尤其是男婴,以预防幼儿期肥胖。  相似文献   

11.
Hypothyroxinaemia early in pregnancy may impair fetal brain development. Increased body weight has been associated with low thyroxine concentrations in non‐pregnant women. In pregnant women, morbid maternal obesity is a risk factor for thyroid dysfunction. But whether lesser degrees of overweight that are much more common could be a risk factor for hypothyroxinaemia in pregnancy is unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate if overweight increases risk for thyroid dysfunction, and specifically hypothyroxinaemia, in iodine‐deficient pregnant women. We performed a cross‐sectional study at first hospital visit among healthy Thai pregnant women. We measured weight and height, urinary iodine concentration (UIC), serum thyroid hormones and thyroglobulin. Pre‐pregnancy weight and relevant dietary factors were determined by questionnaire, and body mass index (BMI) was used to classify weight status. Among 514 women (mean gestational age, 11 weeks) with a median UIC of 111 μg dL–1, indicating mild iodine deficiency, 12% had low free thyroxine (fT4) concentrations: 3% had overt hypothyroidism; 7% had subclinical hypothyroidism; and 8% had isolated hypothyroxinaemia. Based on pre‐pregnancy BMI, 26% of women were overweight or obese. In a multiple regression model, BMI was a negative predictor of fT4 (β = ?0.20, P < 0.001). Compared to normal weight women, the prevalence ratio (95% CI) of a low fT4 in overweight women was 3.64 (2.08–6.37) (P < 0.01). Iodine‐deficient pregnant Thai women who are overweight have a 3.6‐fold higher risk of hypothyroxinaemia in the first trimester compared to normal weight women. Targeted screening should consider overweight a potential risk factor for thyroid dysfunction in pregnant women in iodine‐deficient areas.  相似文献   

12.

Background

The role of maternal serum triglycerides (TGs) in the development of fetal macrosomia in different subgroups of body mass index (BMI) has received little attention. The aim of this study was to determine the association between the level of maternal TGs and fetal macrosomia in Iranian pregnant women of different BMI subgroups with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Methods

This cohort study was conducted on 305 pregnant women with GDM referred for glucose control to Kowsar Hospital in Qazvin, Iran. Level of TGs was measured on the 24th–28th weeks of pregnancy. The ROC curve of the level of TGs was depicted in BMI subgroups to predict fetal macrosomia. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the risk of macrosomia per 1-SD increase in the level of TGs.

Results

The prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia did not significantly differ across BMI subgroups. Macrosomia was more prevalent in obese women (32.2%) than overweight (19.1%) and normal weight (11.1%) women (P < 0.05). A 1-SD increase in the level of TG was associated with 4.2 and 1.9 times increased risk of macrosomia in normal weight (P < 0.01) and overweight (P < 0.01) women, respectively. Serum level of TGs was not associated with macrosomia in any adjustment models in obese women. The area under the curve of the level of TGs for macrosomia was 0.828 (95% CI: 0.712–0.911, P < 0.001) and 0.711 (95% CI: 0.639–0.775, P < 0.001) in normal weight and overweight women, respectively.

Conclusion

Hypertriglyceridemia was a predictor of macrosomia in non-obese women. More studies on different ethnicities and lifestyles are necessary to determine the association between the level of maternal TG and fetal macrosomia in BMI subgroups.  相似文献   

13.
The weight gain chart for pregnant women, developed by Rosso and Mardones (RM chart, 1997), is analysed and compared with other charts in terms of its usefulness for targeting nutritional interventions aimed at preventing low or high birth weights. The RM chart defines categories of maternal nutritional status in early gestation based on weight/height, expressed either as percentage of standard weight (PSW) or body mass index (BMI), and desirable gestational weight gains for each of these categories. Weight gain recommendations of the RM chart are proportional to maternal height. For underweight women the weight recommendation was derived from actual data, while for overweight and obese women it is based on data extrapolations. Since 1987 the Chilean National Health Service has used the RM chart as a standard in prenatal care in all its clinics, covering approximately 70% of the country's population, mostly middle and low income women. During the 1987-2001 period the proportion of underweight pregnant women and infants with birth weight < 3000 g decreased significantly and proportionally. Nevertheless, the proportion of obese pregnant women and infants with birth weight > or = 4000 g increased during this period. Multifactorial social changes including a decade of substantial economic growth in the country with improved family income, precludes the possibility of determining the efficacy of the RM chart in this group. However, the widespread use of the RM chart indicates that it is a helpful and easy-to-use instrument in the field. Further, by its clear graphical presentation of maternal nutritional status it helps draw the attention of health personnel to women who need special nutritional advice and support.  相似文献   

14.
Low birthweight increases the risk of infant mortality, morbidity and poor development. Maternal nutrition and stress influence birth size, but their combined effect is not known. We hypothesised that an early‐invitation time to start a prenatal food supplementation programme could reduce the negative influence of prenatal maternal stress on birth size, and that effect would differ by infant sex. A cohort of 1041 pregnant women, who had delivered an infant, June 2003–March 2004, was sampled from among 3267 in the randomised controlled trial, Maternal Infant Nutritional Interventions Matlab, conducted in Matlab, Bangladesh. At 8 weeks gestation, women were randomly assigned an invitation to start food supplements (2.5 MJ d?1; 6 days a week) either early (~9 weeks gestation; early‐invitation group) or at usual start time for the governmental programme (~20 weeks gestation; usual‐invitation group). Morning concentration of cortisol was measured from one saliva sample/woman at 28–32 weeks gestation to assess stress. Birth‐size measurements for 90% of infants were collected within 4 days of birth. In a general linear model, there was an interaction between invitation time to start the food supplementation programme and cortisol with birthweight, length and head circumference of male infants, but not female infants. Among the usual‐invitation group only, male infants whose mothers had higher prenatal cortisol weighed less than those whose mothers had lower prenatal cortisol. Prenatal food supplementation programmes that begin first trimester may support greater birth size of male infants despite high maternal stress where low birthweight is a public health concern.  相似文献   

15.
目的 探讨孕前双亲体重指数(BMI)和母孕期体重增值及其交互作用对新生儿出生体重的影响。方法 选取2017年1月至2018年10月在西安交通大学第一附属医院做定期产检并足月单胎分娩的孕妇1 127例,收集其孕前BMI、孕期体重增值、孕前丈夫BMI、新生儿出生体重等信息,分析新生儿出生体重与孕前父母BMI和母亲孕期体重增值之间的相关性及两变量间的交互作用。结果 1 127例足月新生儿中,低出生体重检出25例(2.22%),巨大儿检出43例(3.82%)。低出生体重儿、正常体重儿、巨大儿三组双亲孕前BMI值、母亲孕期体重增值的比较差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。新生儿出生体重与孕前双亲BMI值、母亲孕期体重增值呈低度正相关(r=0.097~0.322,P < 0.05);母亲孕前低体重可增加低出生体重儿的发生风险(RR=4.17,95% CI:1.86~9.38);母亲孕前超重/肥胖、孕期体重增值超标可增加巨大儿的发生风险(分别RR=3.59,95% CI:1.93~6.67;RR=3.21,95% CI:1.39~7.37)。未发现母亲孕前BMI与孕期体重增值对新生儿出生体重的交互作用。结论 孕前双亲BMI和母亲孕期体重增值与新生儿出生体重有关,而母亲孕前BMI和孕期体重增值之间无交互作用。  相似文献   

16.
目的 探讨孕母血浆同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平与胎儿出生缺陷的关系及其在产前筛查和产前诊断出生缺陷中的临床意义.方法 根据产前诊断胎儿畸形并经引产或出生后证实为新生儿出生缺陷的孕妇51例为病例组,并按出生缺陷类型的不同分为先天性心脏畸形组(A组)、神经管畸形(B组)、唇腭裂组(C组)及其他畸形组(D组);另外随机选择无妊娠合并症的健康孕妇及其分娩新生儿30例为健康对照组,采用循环酶法测定孕妇及胎儿脐血Hcy水平.结果 1.病例组胎儿脐血血浆Hcy水平为(13.43±6.57) μmol·L-1,明显高于健康对照组[(6.30±1.38) μmol·L-1](t=5.687,P=0.000).2.A、B、C、D组孕妇血浆Hcy水平分别为(12.22±4.60) μmol·L-1、(22.78±7.42) μmol·L-1、(11.24±3.42) μmol·L-1、(13.44±6.57) μmol·L-1,与健康对照组孕妇Hcy水平[(6.87±1.43) μmol·L-1]比较,差异有统计学意义(Pa=0.000).3.孕妇与胎儿脐血Hcy水平呈正相关(r=0.922,P=0.000).结论 1.母体高同型半胱氨酸血症是影响出生缺陷的危险因素之一,尤以先天性心脏畸形、神经管畸形及先天性唇腭裂为甚.2.血浆Hcy可作为产前筛查出生缺陷的筛查指标之一,孕母血浆Hcy>9.73 μmol·L-1可考虑为高同型半胱氨酸血症,可能会发生出生缺陷,可作为产前诊断的指征之一.3.通过测定母亲血浆Hcy水平能预测胎儿Hcy水平.  相似文献   

17.
BACKGROUND: Macrosomic fetuses represent a continuing challenge in obstetrics. OBJECTIVES: We studied maternal risk factors of fetal macrosomia and maternal and infant outcome in such cases. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was carried out with a total of 26,961 singleton pregnancies between 1989 and 2001. Records of 886 mothers who gave birth to live born infants weighing > or =4,500 g were compared to those of 26,075 mothers with normal weight (<4,500 g) infants. Multiple regression analysis was used to identify independent reproductive risk factors. Perinatal complications were also assessed. RESULTS: The incidence of fetal macrosomia was 3.4%. Diabetes, previous macrosomic birth, postdatism (>42 weeks of gestation), obesity (BMI > 25 before pregnancy), male infant, gestational diabetes mellitus, and non-smoking were independent risk factors of fetal macrosomia, with adjusted risks of 4.6, 3.1, 3.1, 2.0, 1.9, 1.6, 1.4, respectively. In the macrosomic group, birth and maternal traumas occurred significantly more often than in the control group. However, records of subsequent pregnancies (n = 250) after the study period showed that a previous uncomplicated birth appeared to decrease complication risks. CONCLUSIONS: Most cases of fetal macrosomia occur in low-risk pregnancies and evaluation of maternal risks cannot accurately predict which women will eventually give birth to an overweight newborn. After an uncomplicated birth of a macrosomic infant, vaginal delivery may be a safe option for the infant and mother.  相似文献   

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