乙酰唑胺抑制肿瘤转移及荷瘤小鼠肺相关蛋白质的表达

目的:研究乙酰唑胺对肿瘤转移的抑制及相关蛋白质的表达.方法:以 Lewis肺癌为肿瘤转移模型,观察乙酰唑胺对肿瘤转移的影响;用SDS/PAGE、 Western blot、IEF和肽质量指纹谱的方法观察相关蛋白质的变化.结果:乙酰唑胺可以显著抑制肿瘤转移,肺转移抑制率为83.9％.荷瘤小鼠肺组织中水通道蛋白-1和肌动蛋白表达明显增高,用乙酰唑胺治疗后水通道蛋白-1表达降低.结论:乙酰唑胺具有抗肿瘤转移作用,其机制可能与抑制水通道蛋白-1的表达有关;水通道蛋白-1和肌动蛋白可望成为肿瘤肺转移诊疗的新靶标.     

The effect of topiramate on tumor-related angiogenesis and on the serum proteome of mice bearing Lewis lung carcinoma

Topiramate has been used in patients with brain tumors who develop epilepsy. In our previous research we found topiramate could inhibit tumor metastases of Lewis lung carcinoma in C57BL/6 mice. In this study we aimed to assess the antimetastatic activity of topiramate and determine its mechanism of action. After confirming the effects of topiramate on Lewis lung carcinoma in C57BL/6 mice, we assessed the mRNA expression of carbonic anhydrases II and IX, and the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) distribution in tumor tissue. We studied the role of topiramate on primary angiogenesis using a chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane angiogenesis model, and analyzed the protein profile of serum from mice treated with or without topiramate by two-dimensional electrophoresis. We found that topiramate significantly reduced the primary tumor growth (P<0.05) and the degree of damage to the lung alveoli caused by metastatic tumor deposits. The two-dimensional electrophoresis revealed changes that occurred with topiramate treatment and four down-regulated protein spots were clearly identified as tropomyosin, osteopontin, transthyretin, and serum amyloid A-1. The mRNA and protein expression of serum amyloid A-1, osteopontin and its receptor, integrin α(v)β(3) in tumor tissue were reconfirmed. The results suggest that topiramate has antitumor and antimetastatic effects on Lewis lung carcinoma. Its mechanism of action may be related to its inhibition of angiogenesis by down-regulation of osteopontin, VEGF and carbonic anhydrase II.     

海参岩藻聚糖硫酸酯抑制小鼠肿瘤生长和转移及其作用机制的研究

目的探讨海参岩藻聚糖硫酸酯(sea cucumber fu-coidan,SC-FUC)对小鼠肿瘤生长和转移的抑制作用及其机制。方法建立C57 BL/6J小鼠Lewis肺癌自发性肺转移模型,连续腹腔注射给药21 d,剥离原位肿瘤和双侧肺,分别称瘤重和计数肺表面转移灶结节数;采用RT-PCR法检测肿瘤组织中缺氧诱导因子(hypoxia inducible factor-1α,HIF-1α)、血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)、乙酰肝素酶(heparanase,HPA)和基质金属蛋白酶-2/9(matrix metalloproteinase-2/9,MMP-2/9)mRNA的表达。结果 SC-FUC可以抑制荷瘤小鼠肿瘤的生长,其平均抑制率为45.5%,并可以减少肺表面转移灶结节数(P<0.01),平均抑制率为66.0%。SC-FUC可以降低荷瘤小鼠肿瘤组织中HIF-1α、VEGF、HPA、MMP-2/9 mRNA的表达(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论 SC-FUC能抑制肿瘤细胞在小鼠体内的生长和转移,其机制可能与抑制肿瘤血管新生,降低肿瘤细胞的迁移能力有关。     

海参皂苷Echinoside A和ds-Echinoside A抑制小鼠Lewis肺癌生长和转移作用

目的探讨海参皂苷Echinoside A(EA)和ds-Echinoside A(DSEA)对小鼠肿瘤生长和自发肺转移的抑制作用及机制。方法建立C57BL/6J小鼠Lewis肺癌自发性肺转移模型,连续腹腔注射给药21 d,剥离原位肿瘤和双侧肺,分别称瘤重和计数肺表面转移灶结节数;采用RT-PCR法检测肿瘤组织中半胱氨酸蛋白水解酶3(Cysteine-requiring Aspartate Protease,Caspase 3)、基质金属蛋白酶-2/9(matrix metalloproteinase-2/9,MMP-2/9)、金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂-1/2(tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1/2,TIMP-1/2)、乙酰肝素酶(heparanase,HPA)和血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)mRNA的表达。结果 EA和DSEA均能抑制Lewis肺癌小鼠移植瘤的生长,并显著抑制减少肺表面转移灶结节数。EA和DSEA可以显著提高荷瘤小鼠肿瘤组织中Caspase 3和TIMP-1/2mRNA的表达,降低MMP-2/9、HPA和VEGF mR-NA的表达(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论 EA和DSEA能显著抑制小鼠Lewis肺癌生长和自发性肺转移,其机制可能与诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡,调节细胞外基质(extracellular matrix,ECM)降解相关基因的表达、抑制VEGF的释放,从而抑制肿瘤细胞的转移和血管新生有关。     

Antiangiogenic effect of berberineα-hydroxy-δ-decanoylethyl sulfonate on Lewis lung carcinoma

OBJECTIVE To investigate the antiangiogenic and antitumor effects of berberineα-hydroxy-δ-decanoylethyl sulfonate(HB)in vitro and in vivo.METHODS MTT assay was employed to determine the proliferation of tumor cells.Western blot analysis was used to detect the expression of VEGF and MMP-9.Transwell co-culture was used to determine the cell migration at the conditioned medium of Lewis lung carcinoma cells exposed to HB for 24 h.The C57BL/6 mice bearing Lewis lung carcinomas were treated with vehicle,different doses of HB(60,90 and 120mg·kg-1,ig)for 20 d,or cyclophosphamide(50mg·kg-1,ig)at d 1,d 8 and d 15.Afterwards,the xenografted tumors were exercised and weighed,and the lung metastasis was determined by HE stainingof the lung tissues.Tumor angiogenesis was determined by CD34 staining and microvessel density(MVD)by immunohistochemistry.RESULTSHB inhibited the growth of Lewis lung carcinoma cells in a time-dependent manner with IC50 value of 8.87,2.26 and 0.98mg·L-1,respectively when the cells were treated with HB for 24,48 and 72h.Cell migration induced by the conditioned medium of Lewis lung carcinoma cells treated with 2.5,5 and 10mg·L-1 HB was reduced by 37%,54% and 63%respectively(P<0.01).HB suppressed the expression of angiogenesis factors in a concentration-dependent manner.HB was effective in inhibition of MMP-9 expression at 5,10 and 20mg·L-1(P<0.05),whereas HB 20mg·L-1 was minimal effective concentration in inhibition of VEGF expression(P<0.01).On C57BL/6 mice bearing Lewis lung carcinomas,HB significantly reduced the tumor burden and MVD in tumor mass as well as inhibited lung metastasis at doses of 90 and 120mg·kg-1.CONCLUSION HB produces reliable antiangiogenic effect,inhibits the growth and metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma.These effects may be attributed to its ability of suppressing the expression of VEGF and MMP-9,and reducing MVD.     

灵芪胶囊对小鼠Lewis肺癌移植瘤的抑制作用 及对相关血管生成因子表达的影响

［摘要］目的通过建立小鼠Lewis肺癌移植瘤模型，探讨灵芪胶囊对移植瘤生长、转移及其相关血管生成因子的作用。方法以Lewis肺癌荷瘤小鼠为研究对象，检测灵芪胶囊对转移瘤和肺转移灶的抑制率。应用S P免疫组织化学方法，检测灵芪胶囊对荷瘤小鼠血管生成因子碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（bFGF）、环氧化酶（COX） 2表达的影响。用分光光度计测量灵芪胶囊对荷瘤小鼠血清中诱生型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）含量的影响。结果灵芪胶囊对Lewis肺癌荷瘤小鼠表现出明显抑瘤作用，其高、中、低剂量抑瘤率分别为35.64%，29.23%，21.03%，并与复方环磷酰胺合用有明显的增效减毒作用。同时，灵芪胶囊可有效抑制肺癌转移，能够下调血管生长因子bFGF和COX 2的表达，并降低血清中的iNOS含量而抑制肺癌血管生成，从而发挥抗转移作用。结论灵芪胶囊具有抑制小鼠Lewis肺癌移植瘤生长和转移的作用，其作用机制可能与下调COX 2和血管生成因子的表达及降低血清中的iNOS含量有关。     

银杏外种皮提取物对C_(57)BL/6J小鼠Lewis肺癌转移的抑制作用及其机制

目的研究银杏外种皮提取物(GBEE)对小鼠Lewis肺癌转移的抑制作用及其作用机制。方法制备C57BL/6J小鼠Lewis肺癌转移模型,随机分为正常对照、模型对照、替加氟80 mg·kg-1(阳性对照)和GBEE 50,100和200 mg·kg-1治疗组。正常和模型对照组ig给予等体积生理盐水,给药组分别ig给予相应药物,每天1次,连续15 d。给药结束后第2天剥瘤称取瘤质量,计算抑瘤率;摘取肺组织,Bouin's液固定后于解剖显微镜下计数肺表面转移灶,计算肺癌转移率和抗转移率;放射免疫法测定血清Ⅳ型胶原(ColⅣ)和透明质酸(HA)的含量;免疫组织化学法检测移植瘤细胞CD44和nm23-H1蛋白的表达。结果 GBEE 50,100和200 mg·kg-1对C57BL/6J小鼠Lewis肺癌移植瘤生长具有明显的抑制作用(P<0.05,P<0.01),移植瘤瘤质量分别为2.6±0.4,2.3±0.4和(2.3±0.6)g,抑瘤率分别为21.3%,32.2%和29.6%。模型对照组小鼠Lewis肺癌转移率为70%,GBEE 50,100和200 mg·kg-1治疗组肺癌转移率分别为50%,30%和40%。与模型对照组比较,GBEE 100 mg·kg-1治疗组小鼠肺癌转移灶明显减少(P<0.01),抗转移率为87.5%;50和200 mg·kg-1无明显影响。与模型对照组比较,GBEE 50,100和200 mg·kg-1可明显降低小鼠血清中ColⅣ和HA含量(P<0.01),抑制小鼠Lewis肺癌移植瘤细胞CD44蛋白表达,并促进nm23-H1蛋白表达(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论 GBEE对Lewis肺癌转移模型小鼠具有抗肿瘤转移作用,其机制可能与增加肿瘤转移抑制基因nm23-H1表达、抑制肿瘤细胞黏附分子CD44表达并降低血清ColⅣ和HA含量有关。     

茯苓多糖对Lewis肺癌小鼠自发肺转移的抑制作用及其机制研究

目的 研究茯苓多糖对Lewis肺癌小鼠自发肺转移的影响,并探讨其作用机制。方法 C57BL/6小鼠右腋皮下接种Lewis肺癌细胞,分为茯苓多糖高（0.50 mg/只）、低（0.33 mg/只）剂量组,顺铂组（顺铂0.04 mg/只）,模型组（生理盐水）,接种瘤细胞后第2天开始尾iv给药,隔天一次。观察小鼠一般状态,造模后第7天开始,隔天测量肿瘤体积。造模后21 d取肺,计数肺表面转移灶个数,HE染色检测肺微小转移灶个数,检测外周血白细胞数量及脾质量、脾指数。结果 茯苓多糖高、低剂量对实体瘤无明显抑制,茯苓多糖高剂量可减少肺表面转移灶个数,增加白细胞CD11bmRNA表达,不影响外周血白细胞数、脾质量及脾指数,一般状况较好;茯苓多糖低剂量对肺表面转移灶个数、外周血白细胞数、脾质量及脾指数无明显影响,可增加白细胞CD11b、CD18mRNA表达,一般状况较好。结论 茯苓多糖对Lewis肺癌小鼠实体瘤无明显抑制作用,但能够抑制其自发肺转移,对外周血白细胞数量、脾质量及脾指数无明显影响,可增加外周血白细胞CD11b、CD18mRNA表达,活化外周血白细胞可能是茯苓多糖抑制肿瘤转移的机制之一。     

银耳孢糖的抗肿瘤作用

目的研究银耳孢糖单独及与化疗药物伍用的抗肿瘤作用。方法采用小鼠肝癌H22和Lewis肺癌肿瘤模型,通过称瘤质量计算抑瘤率考察银耳孢糖抗肿瘤作用。结果银耳孢糖(25、50、100 mg.kg-1)单独使用对小鼠肝癌H22和Lewis肺癌肿瘤有明显的抑制作用,抑瘤率大于35%;当银耳孢糖(50 mg.kg-1)与环磷酰胺(5、10、20 mg.kg-1)合用时,抑瘤率分别为58.2%、70.5%和76.0%;银耳孢糖对动物体质量增长无明显影响,但对环磷酰胺所致动物体质量增长减慢有缓解作用。结论银耳孢糖体内具有明显的抗肿瘤作用;与化疗药合用有增效减毒作用。     

Acetazolamide inhibits aquaporin-1 protein expression and angiogenesis

INTRODUCTION Recently the medical remedy for malignant tumorhas been concentrated to cut off the tumor nutritionsupply such as inhibiting the angiogenesis and otheraspects[1]. Angiogenesis, the formation of new bloodvessels, is essential for tumor progression and meta-stasis. Vigorous neovascularization, or angiogenesis,has been associated with a poor prognosis for cancersarising at several primary sites[2]. The process of an-giogenesis is required for sustaining tumor growth inthe …     

苦参碱对C57BL/6J小鼠Lewis肺癌VEGF表达的影响

目的 研究苦参碱对小鼠Lewis肺癌的作用,并探讨其作用机制.方法 建立小鼠Lewis肺癌模型,将实验小鼠分为生理盐水组、不同剂量苦参碱组、环磷酰胺组,计算原发瘤抑制率及微血管密度;采用RT-PCR和Western blot法检测原发瘤组织VEGF mRNA和蛋白表达.结果 应用苦参碱各剂量组,小鼠原发瘤抑制率、微血管...     

GLB prevents tumor metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma by inhibiting tumor adhesion actions

AIM: To investigate the inhibitory effect of a new compound of GLB on tumor metastasis in vivo and analyze its actions on tumor cell adhesion to clarify its mechanism. METHODS: The effect of GLB on tumor metastasis was analyzed by Lewis lung carcinoma model. The pathological morphology of lung alveolar was evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin staining. The effect of GLB on the proliferation of human prostate cancer cell (PC-3M, with a high metastatic characteristic) was studied using the MTT method, and its actions on PC-3M cell adhesion to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and laminin were analyzed in vitro. RESULTS: GLB (100 mg/kg/d for 28 d, ig) reduced the number of lung colonies of Lewis lung carcinoma metastasis significantly (P<0.05). Simultaneously, GLB could mitigate the damage of lung alveolar caused by metastasic tumor deposits. In vitro, GLB inhibited dramatically the adhesion of PC-3M cells to HUVEC (P< 0.01) and laminin (P<0.05), without cytotoxic or anti-proliferative action on PC-3M cells. CONCLUSION: GLB has anti-tumor metastatic activity, which partly depends on its inhibition of tumor adhesion.     

川芎嗪对小鼠Lewis肺癌的治疗作用

目的:研究中药川芎嗪(TMP)对实体肿瘤的疗效及其可能的作用机理。方法:本研究运用Lewis肺癌小鼠模型,观察TMP对小鼠Lewis肺癌的疗效、免疫功能、生存质量及不良反应的影响。结果:TMP治疗小鼠Lewis肺癌能抑制肿瘤的生长,稳定病灶,提高荷瘤小鼠的生存质量,改善免疫功能。结论:TMP对小鼠Lewis肺癌有明显疗效,其作用机理与其本身对Lewis肺癌实体瘤有抑制作用和提高荷瘤小鼠免疫功能有关。     

复方苦参注射液联合环磷酰胺对小鼠Lewis 肺癌抑瘤作用的实验研究

目的探讨复方苦参注射液联合环磷酰胺对Lewis肺癌小鼠移植瘤生长、转移及血管新生的抑制作用及相关机制。方法建立C57BL·6^-1小鼠Lewis肺癌移植瘤模型,随机分为对照组、复方苦参组、CTX组和联合治疗组,每组各10只小鼠,分别腹腔注射生理盐水、复方苦参注射液、环磷酰胺、联合复方苦参注射液和环磷酰胺,定期检测皮下肿瘤体积,接种后12d处死小鼠,检测比较两组小鼠瘤体质量和体积、肺转移瘤结节数,同时以免疫组化法检测小鼠肿瘤组织中微血管密度（MVP）以及VEGF水平。结果复方苦参注射液联合环磷酰胺可显著减少瘤体质量和体积,减轻肿瘤转移,下调VEGF表达,抑制血管生成,与对照组、复方苦参组和CTX组比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05或0．01）。结论复方苦参注射液和CTX可协同拮抗肿瘤新生血管生成,抑制肿瘤组织生长与转移,效果优于两者单独使用。     

Antitumor activity of siwenmycin: a novel anthracycline antibiotic.

A novel anthracycline antibiotic, siwenmycin, isolated from the culture of Streptomyces galilaeus var. siwenesis, was examined for its antitumor activities against P388, K562, B16-F10, HeLa, HEp-2 and Lewis lung carcinoma cell lines. The results showed that siwenmycin was effective against P388, K562, HeLa and HEp-2 tumor cell lines in vitro, and significantly inhibited the growth of the Lewis lung carcinoma cell line in vivo. Siwenmycin could also suppress spontaneous and artificial pulmonary metastases of B16-F10 and Lewis lung carcinoma cell lines in C57BL/6 mice. The inhibitory effect of siwenmycin on spontaneous pulmonary metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma in C57BL/6 mice was even stronger than that of adriamycin (ADM), which is, at present, commonly used in clinical practice. Furthermore, the double-labeling test used in this study has verified that siwenmycin can inhibit cellular RNA synthesis at about one tenth the concentration required to inhibit DNA synthesis to the same degree, indicating that the antitumor mechanism of siwenmycin also differs from that of ADM. The acute toxicity of siwenmycin was very low, and it was as effective in vivo as in vitro, suggesting that this newly found antibiotic should be studied for possible clinical antitumor applications.     

金属蛋白酶抑制剂BB-94抑制Lewis肺癌生长和转移的实验研究

在肿瘤侵袭和转移过程中,癌细胞要多次穿越基底膜侵入周围组织。因此,对包括基底膜在内的细胞外基质的降解是肿瘤侵袭和转移的关键步骤之一。在这一复杂的过程中,绝非只是靠形态结构的改变所能完成,有多种蛋白水解酶参与降解基底膜及细胞外基质。其中基质金属蛋白酶(ＭＭＰ)发挥了极其重要的作用,促进了肿瘤的侵袭和转移。ＢＢ94(ｂａｔｉｍａｓｔａｔ)是新近研制的一种人工合成基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂,其化学结构与ＭＭＰ胶原底物酶切点附近3个氨基酸的基本结构相似,可对ＭＭＰ起到竞争抑制作用。文献[1～3]报道,ＢＢ94能够抑制癌细胞生长和…     

CIK细胞对Lewis肺癌细胞凋亡影响的实验研究

目的 观察CIK细胞对Lewis肺癌细胞增殖的抑制作用,探讨其抑瘤机制.方法 常规方法培养CIK细胞,以CIK细胞为效应细胞,Lewis肺癌细胞为靶细胞,以不同效靶比共同培养,MTT法检测细胞增殖情况,同时电镜观察Lewis肺癌细胞形态特征改变;流式细胞仪检测Lewis肺癌细胞的凋亡;免疫细胞化学法检测并比较FasL在单个核细胞和CIK细胞表面的表达;用MTF法检测抗FasL单克隆抗体对CIK细胞杀伤Lewis肺癌细胞的影响.结果 电镜观察:CIK细胞能促进Lewis肺癌细胞凋亡超微结构的改变;流式细胞仪检测:CIK细胞组凋亡率明显高于对照组;FasL在CIK细胞表达增加;抗Fas单抗可抑制CIK杀伤Lewis肺癌细胞的活性.结论 CIK细胞可在体内及体外抑制Lewis肺癌细胞增殖,诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡,Fas/FasL途径在其中发挥一定作用.     

Reduction of lung metastasis by ImH[trans-RuCl4(DMSO)Im]: mechanism of the selective action investigated on mouse tumors

NAMI-A (imidazolium trans-imidazoledimethylsulfoxidetetrachlororuthenate, ImH[trans-RuCl4(DMSO)Im]) is a new ruthenium compound active against lung metastasis of solid metastasizing tumors. We have tested this compound in mice with Lewis lung carcinoma or MCa mammary carcinoma in order to compare the effects on primary tumor and lung metastases with possible alterations of cell cycle distribution of tumor cells. We have also investigated whether there were unequal tissue accumulations of the compound itself at different dose levels ranging from 17.5 to 70 mg/kg/day given for six consecutive days. NAMI-A caused a reduction of metastasis weight larger than that of metastasis number; we explain this finding as the capacity of NAMI-A to selectively interfere with the growth of metastases already settled in the lungs. However, this specificity is not simply related to a larger concentration of NAMI-A in the lungs than in other tissues. Following i.p. treatment, NAMI-A rapidly disappeared from the peritoneal cavity; its low blood concentration may be caused by rapid renal clearance. These data provide further evidence for a selective anti-metastasis effect of the ruthenium complex NAMI-A. The reduction of lung metastasis is followed by a significant prolongation of the host's life-time expectancy, indicating a therapeutic benefit of NAMI-A on lung metastases from solid tumors.     

Primary tumor,lung and kidney retention and antimetastasis effect of NAMI-A following different routes of administration

Imidazolium-trans-dimethylsulfoxideimidazoletetrachlororuthenate (NAMI-A) is a ruthenium compound effective on solid tumor metastases. In this study, we evaluated the effects of different routes of administration of NAMI-A on the distribution to primary tumor, lungs and kidneys in BD2F1 hybrids with Lewis lung carcinoma or in CBA inbred mice with MCa mammary carcinoma. NAMI-A concentration and the percentage of cumulative dose (%D _tot) retained in these tissues is independent of the animal strain and of the tumor model used. Also the presence of the tumor does not change the distribution of NAMI-A in the lungs and in the kidneys. A dose-dependent antimetastatic effect is evident with intraperitoneal (i.p.) treatments at three different doses. Treatment of tumor bearing mice with NAMI-A administered i.p., per os or by aerosol showed a similar effect on lung metastases, although the concentration of ruthenium reached in the lungs was markedly different. On the basis of the data obtained, we can conclude that the antimetastatic effects are related to the amount of NAMI-A administered, rather than to the lung's concentration of the compound.     

Antimetastatic activities of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin in a murine metastatic lung cancer model

To determine whether pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) could control the metastasis beyond primary tumor, the efficacy of PLD was evaluated in terms of metastatic growth inhibition and increasing life span in a murine lung metastasis model. As early as 20 days after C57BL/6 mice were inoculated with 2 × 10⁶ murine Lewis lung carcinoma cells into the right legs, metastases could be observed in the lungs. Comparing the metastatic status of the PLD treatment conducted one day with one week after the tumor implantation, pathological study of the metastasis in the lungs indicated that without the removal of primary tumor, PLD could prevent metastasis by suppressing the growth of primary tumor. To evaluate the direct antimetastasis ability of PLD with clinical relevance, a surgery was performed to resect the tumor-bearing limb. The treatment was started 3 days after the amputation with free doxorubicin or PLD. In this therapeutic model, PLD targeted directly to the metastasis in the lungs, which resulted in substantially longer survival time than free doxorubicin. Despite the superiority of PLD over free doxorubicin in treating pulmonary metastasis, our observation suggested that without the removal of primary tumor, the effect of PLD was only modest, and surgery plus multiple injections of PLD will be the best choice for patients with metastatic disease.