开搏通与心痛定舌下含服即刻降压作用比较

高血压流行病学资料显示：我国高血压患者仅有26．6％的知晓率，服药率为24、8％，血压能控制在正常范围者仅有5．8％，在临床工作中经常碰到以头痛、头晕、胸闷、心悸而就诊的高血压病人，因此寻找简单、易行、副作用小的降压药，指导患者协调治疗具有重要临床意义。笔者选择门、急诊高血压病人112例，随机分为安慰剂组、开搏通组、心痛定组，观察即刻降压效果及副作用。资料与方法1．病例选择按WHO规定高血压标准即收缩压≥165mmHg或／和舒张压≥95mmHg，选择原发性高血压病例112例，其中男病人48例，女病人64例，平均年龄59．5±11．4…     

含服心痛定治疗子痫21例

心痛定是血管扩张剂,降压效果明显,已广泛用于临床,舌下含服抢救子痫报道尚少,我们用心痛定抢救及治疗子痫21例,取得满意疗效,现报道如下。 1 资料与方法 1.1 资料 本组41例系孕32～42周住院及急诊入院患者,年龄21～38岁,初产妇18例,经产妇3例,产前子痫19例,产时子痫2例,其中双胎3例。临床具有典型的子痫表现:抽搐次数≤3次者19例,4～5次者2例,其中失明1例,视物不清6例,昏迷5例,抽搐前有头痛、头晕15例。水肿:Ⅰ度10例,Ⅱ度5例。蛋白尿:+8例,++～+++7例,++++1例。治疗前血压18.6～29.3/14.6～18.6kPa。本组患者入院时胎儿均存活(死胎者除外)。     

舌下含服异搏定与心痛定急性降压作用的比较

舌下含服异搏定与心痛定急性降压作用的比较张绍良，肖寿麟，施鹤高２１４０４４中国人民解放军第１０１医院心痛定舌下含服用于急性降压已广泛应用于临床。近几年国内外文献更推崇异搏定，认为该药能更有效地作为高血压病治疗中的一线药物。我们在１９８９年至１９９２年...     

舌下含服卡托普利与依那普利急性降压作用的比较

为探讨卡托普利与依那普利两药的急性降压作用与安全性，将高血压病患者４２例随机分为两组，其中２２例以卡托普利５０ｍｇ舌下含服为治疗组，２０例采用依那普利１０ｍｇ舌下含服为对照组。结果显示，两种药物均能显著降低收缩压和舒张压，其中收缩压降低的有效率均为１００．０％，舒张压降低有效率在两组分别为８１．８％和８５．０％，收缩压下降幅度大于舒张压。疗效无显著性差异。两药均不干扰心率，对血糖、血脂、血清电解质、肝肾功能无不良影响。舌下含服卡托普利的起效时间和作用高峰时间较依那普利明显提前（Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示依那普利不宜用于高血压急症的即刻治疗     

艾克地平与心痛定对高血压患者血压变异性的影响

个体在一定时间内血压波动的程度称为血压变异性，业以证实高血压患者的血压变异性增高，且增高的血压变异性与靶器损害相关，理想的降压药物应既能有效地降低血压值，又能降低血压变异性，钙拮抗剂的降压作用十分肯定，但中、短效制剂的降压作用不同，对血压变异性的影响也可能不一样，为此我们选择中效制剂艾克地平及短效制硝苯地平两种钙拮抗剂分别对原发性高血压患者进行治疗，观察用药第７天时血压变异性的变化，现报告如下。     

舌下含服小剂量巯甲丙脯酸治疗高血压的即期降压疗效

作者观察了30例高血压患者舌下含服小剂量巯甲丙脯酸12.5mg后6小时内的降压疗效,并用安慰剂作了对照。结果表明,收缩压、舒张压、动脉平均压均有非常显著下降(P<0.01)。出现作用时间在含药后15分钟,持续作用可达6小时,作用高峰时间在1.5小时。心率明显减慢(P<0.05),无任何副作用。对糖尿病、支气管哮喘、外周血管病变、老年人均可适用,尤其是伴有心功能不全者。     

小剂量卡托普利,心痛定治疗原发性高血压病的临床观察

近5年来我们采用小剂量卡托普利、心痛定治疗50例原发性高血压,疗效显著,现报道如下: 1 一般资料 本组50例原发性高血压患者,均属我院近5年病例,其诊断标准符合1979年我国采纳1978年世界卫生组织(WHO)建议的血压判别标准。其中年龄最小的35岁,最大的76岁,男性28例,女性22     

国产依那普利胶囊与心痛定治疗高血压病的交叉对比观察

国产依那普利胶囊与心痛定治疗高血压病的交叉对比观察广东肇庆市中医院（５２６０２６）刘俊洪，李力强我们于１９９４年１～４月，运用自身交叉配对设计法，对马来酸依那普利胶囊（佛山制药厂产）与心痛定进行了前瞻性治疗高血压病的对比观察，旨在验证和探讨国产依那普...     

拜新同对原发性高血压患者红细胞变形性的影响

目的：研究拜新同对原发性高血压患者红细胞变形性的影响。方法：４５例原发性高血压患者于入院后晨７时空腹抽静脉血进行血液流变学指标检测：然后给予拜新同３０ｍｇ晨口服,１／ｄ。服药四周后再次于晨７时空腹抽静脉血进行血液流变学指标检测,并与服药前血液流变学指标结果进行自身对照分析。结果：高血压患者全血高切粘度（２００ｓ＾－１）及红细胞刚性指数显著增高（Ｐ〈０．０５）;服用拜新同后高血压患者全血高切粘度及红     

皮内注射对急性内脏炎症痛大鼠的抗伤害效应和对脊髓Fos表达的影响

目的:观察皮内注射对福尔马林诱导的急性内脏炎症痛大鼠是否具有抗伤害效应和对脊髓Fos蛋白表达的影响. 方法:实验选用SD大鼠随机分为7组:单纯福尔马林致炎组(F);0.25%利多卡因实验区皮内注射组(F-0.25%L-IN);0.25%利多卡因实验区外皮内注射组(F-0.25%L-OUT);0.125%利多卡因实验区皮内注射组(F-0.125%L-IN);0.125%利多卡因实验区外皮内注射组(F-0.125%L-OUT);生理盐水实验区皮内注射组(F-S-IN);生理盐水实验区外皮内注射组(F-S-OUT).对各组大鼠分别进行疼痛学评分,每15min为一个时间段,共4次,1h后取出S1脊髓节段以免疫组化法检测FLI阳性神经元. 结果:各组在第一个时间段内疼痛学评分差异无显著性(P＞0.05);在第三、第四个时间段内F组和F-0.25%L-IN、F-0.25%L-OUT、F-S-IN组相比疼痛学评分差异有显著性(P＜0.01)而和F-0.125%L-IN、F-0.125%L-OUT、F-S-OUT相比疼痛学评分差异无显著性(P＞0.05);脊髓Fos阳性神经元数量在F-0.25%L-IN、F-0.25%L-OUT、F-S-IN组均显著减少(P＜0.01). 结论:Fos阳性神经元可能参与了化学性致痛信息的传导和调控.     

INFECTIVITY AND IMMUNITY RESULTING FROM THE INJECTION OF POLIOMYELITIS VIRUS BY THE INTRACUTANEOUS ROUTE

The infectivity of poliomyelitis virus by the intracutaneous route occurs in certain strains but is not a constant character. The inconsistency of skin infectivity tests indicates that there is some property yet unknown which influences this characteristic. Strains of poliomyelitis virus vary in the degree of immunity produced in experimental monkeys injected with active virus by the intracutaneous route and subsequently tested for resistance by intranasal injections. The variation has no relation to the virulence of the strain. Further investigation on the intranasal route of injection should be carried on so that this method may be used with greater assurance in immunity tests, and also in other procedures of poliomyelitis experimentation.     

灯盏花注射液并心可舒治疗急性冠状动脉综合征效果

目的探讨灯盏花注射液联合心可舒治疗急性冠状动脉综合征（ACS）的效果。方法将58例ACS病人分为灯盏花组和对照组,对照组病人给予常规治疗,灯盏花组在常规治疗基础上给予灯盏花注射液和心可舒治疗,观察两组疗效与心律失常的发生情况。结果灯盏花组显效率为81.25%,总有效率为96.88%;对照组显效率为34.61%,总有效率为57.69%,两组比较差异均有显著意义（χ^2=13.037、13.422,P〈0.01）。治疗后灯盏花组心律失常发生次数明显少于对照组（t′=5.429~26.135,P〈0.01）。结论灯盏花注射液联合心可舒治疗ACS有明显效果。     

硬膜外腔注射蛇床子素对髓核致坐骨神经痛大鼠的疼痛行为学影响

目的 :观察硬膜外腔注射蛇床子素对髓核致坐骨神经痛大鼠的疼痛行为学影响,并与临床常用药物得宝松、左旋布比卡因的镇痛行为学效应比较。方法 :雄性SD(Sprague Dawley)大鼠48只,制作髓核致坐骨神经痛大鼠模型,随机分为6组(每组8只):手术模型组(G1)、生理盐水组(G2)、DMSO(二甲亚砜,dimethyl sulfoxide)组(G3)、蛇床子素组(G4)、左旋布比卡因组(G5)、得宝松组(G6),除了G1组不给任何处理,其他五组分别在术后第3天经硬膜外腔注射生理盐水、10%DMSO、2%蛇床子素、0.25%左旋布比卡因、0.3 mg/kg得宝松各50μl。检测大鼠术前1 d,术后第1 d、3 d、7 d、14 d、21 d及给药后1 h、4 h、8 h、24 h、48 h的疼痛行为学指标(50%机械痛缩足阈值和热痛缩足潜伏期)。结果 :G1组的50%机械痛缩足阈值和热痛缩足潜伏期在术后第7天达到最低值(P<0.05);2%蛇床子素和0.3 mg/kg得宝松各50μl分别与溶剂生理盐水、10%DMSO和0.25%左旋布比卡因50μl比较,可持久(21天)提高50%机械痛缩足阈值和热痛缩足潜伏期(P<0.05);0.25%左旋布比卡因50μl提高疼痛行为学指标的作用比2%蛇床子素和0.3mg/kg得宝松弱(P<0.05);术后第7 d 2%蛇床子素提高疼痛行为学指标的作用比0.3 mg/kg得宝松弱(P<0.05),而术后第21 d 2%蛇床子素提高热痛缩足潜伏期作用比0.3 mg/kg得宝松强(P<0.05)。结论 :2%蛇床子素50μl硬膜外腔注射可有效改善髓核致坐骨神经痛大鼠的疼痛行为学反应,其效应与得宝松比较有差异,但比左旋布比卡因强。     

EFFECTS OF BACTERIAL ENDOTOXIN ON RABBIT PLATELETS : III. COMPARISON OF PLATELET INJURY INDUCED BY THROMBIN AND BY ENDOTOXIN

The platelet injury produced by bacterial endotoxin and thrombin have been compared in studies utilizing citrated rabbit platelet-rich plasma. Endotoxin-induced platelet injury is characterized by a lag period, is progressive, and does not produce gross clot formation. Thrombin-induced platelet injury is immediate, non-progressive, and is associated with clot formation. The quantity of thrombin required to produce clot formation in this citrated system is less than that required to produce release of platelet 5-hydroxytryptamine. The endotoxin-induced platelet injury required extremely large quantities of heparin for inhibition. The platelet injury induced by thrombin can be inhibited by small quantities of heparin. It is concluded that the injurious effects of endotoxin on platelets is mediated through some mechanism other than thrombin formation.     

EXPERIMENTS ON THE EFFECTS OF INJECTION OF EGG-ALBUMEN AND SOME OTHER PROTEIDS

The conclusions which we derive from our observations are as follows: 1. The excretion of injected, egg-albumen as such is in no case complete. The quantity retained varies from 23 to 100%. 2. The amount retained varies: a) directly with the slowness of absorption. This is determined by the manner of administration. b) directly with the time during which the proteid remains in the body; and therefore inversely to the rapidity of excretion. c) inversely to the quantity injected; this has however much less effect than (a) or (b). d) with individual peculiarities; but these are not very conspicuous. 3. The excreted proteid coagulates at the same temperatures as the injected albumen. 4. Injection of egg-albumen does not cause the appearance of globulins in the urine. 5. The proportion of proteid coagulating at lower temperatures is less in the urine than in the injected solution. When a solution has been heated to 73° before injection, the urine also does not coagulate below this temperature. 6. Egg-albumen injected into the hen is excreted as with mammals. 7. The albuminuria lasts in typical cases from 1½ to 3 days, according to the manner of administration. The excretion begins very shortly (7 minutes) after injection. 37 per cent of the total proteid injected may be excreted in an hour. About three-fourths of the total excretion takes place within the first 17 hours; the excretion is almost completed in the next 15 hours, only traces being excreted thereafter. With hypodermic injection the amount is more nearly equal on 2 or 3 successive days, since the absorption may extend over 2 days. 8. Alkali-albumin, as well as muscle-proteids (from foreign species) are completely retained. An unconverted mixture of egg-albumen and sodium carbonate behaves like egg-albumen. 9. A small amount of proteid (less than 5%) is excreted unchanged by the faeces. 10. A variable proportion is excreted as non-coagulable proteid. The quantity of this is proportional to that of the coagulable proteid of the urine. 11. The rest undergoes complete metabolism to urea. 12. The total nitrogen excretion is increased beyond the amount of nitrogen introduced as albumen. 13. Starvation appears to cause an increase in the ratio of the urea to the total nitrogen of the urine. 14. The effects of intravenous injection of egg-albumen on circulation and respiration do not differ from those of an equivalent injection of the solvent. Albumen causes, however, a specific diuresis, beginning 50 minutes after the intravenous injection, and reaching its maximum in about 2 hours. It causes neither glycosuria nor hæmoglobinuria. 15. The injection of egg-albumen, alkaline egg-syntonin, or muscle extracts, causes in rabbits a rise of temperature of 1 to 2° C. This begins in about an hour, usually reaches its maximum in from 6 to 8 hours, and then falls rapidly. It may in rare cases persist for several days. It is indifferent qualitatively whether the injection is made by the jugular or the ear-vein, hypodermically, or into the peritoneum. Even extremely small quantities injected into the ear-vein cause this rise. The fever does not cause histological alterations in any organ examined. The injection of normal salt solution may cause a rise, but this is much smaller. 16. The injection of egg-albumen causes but very slight histological changes. The kidneys are usually congested, especially in the cortex. The cells may be slightly cloudy. A slight degree of nephritis may occur, but this is not of such degree as to effect permanent lesions. The injection of muscle extracts may give rise to a more pronounced parenchymatous nephritis. 17. Urethane is fatal to rabbits in doses of 0.75 to 1.0 grm. per kilo. The symptoms consist mainly in a very marked fall of temperature, and in medullary paralysis. 0.5 grm. per kilo. lowers the temperature 2.3° C. Doses as small as 0.6 grm. per kilo cause very marked histological changes, consisting mainly in extensive granular and vacuolar degeneration of the hepatic epithelium, which are so acute as to be fully developed when death occurs in 1½ hours after injection. Doses of 0.35 grm. per kilo. do not produce this change. Chloretone did not cause the degeneration, but is followed by congestion of the abdominal viscera. 18. Native egg-albumen, injected into the femoral vein of a dog, was followed in one case by a fatal ending with convulsions and coma, after several intervening cases of good health. Further experiments demonstrated that there is no toxicity inherent in fresh egg-albumen, nor can it be developed by breeding the eggs in the shell. The cause of the above fatal issue must therefore be sought in some extraneous toxic agent which contaminated the solution. Muscle-extracts were also devoid of toxicity. Alkali-albumin produces no changes beyond those which may be attributed to the free alkali contained therein.     

肝细胞生长因子和丹参对大鼠急性肝损伤保护作用的实验研究

作者观察了肝细胞生长因子（HGF）、丹参对DDl4所致大鼠急性肝损伤的影响，结果发现，HGF组、丹参组以及西药联用组对急性肝损伤大鼠的血清ALT、α-肿瘤坏死因子（TNF-α）、丙二醛（MDA）以及肝组织匀浆MDA、肝组织钙含量的升高等均有不同程度的降低作用，且能使CCl4所致降低的血清及肝组织匀浆SOD活力明显升高。光镜及电镜下观察，用药组肝细胞病变软CCl4组有明显改善。本文结果表明，HGF、丹参对CCl4所致大鼠急性肝损伤有良好的保护作用，且HGF、丹参联用效果优于单用．