艾司西酞普兰联合奥氮平治疗抑郁症的效果及安全性的Meta分析

目的 评价艾司西酞普兰联合奥氮平治疗抑郁症的效果及安全性,以期为抑郁症治疗方案的选择提供参考。 方法 计算机检索中国知网、万方、维普、超星读秀、中国生物医学文献数据库（CBM）、PubMed、Web Of Science、Cochrane Library数据库中相关文献,按纳入与排除标准筛选文献、提取资料并评价偏倚风险后,采用Revman 5.3进行Meta分析。 结果 共纳入16篇随机对照研究,包括1 300例患者。Meta分析结果显示,艾司西酞普兰联合奥氮平组与单用艾司西酞普兰组的终点总有效率（RR=1.16,95% CI：1.05~1.28,P=0.004）和终点痊愈率（RR=1.91,95% CI：1.58~2.31,P<0.01）均有统计学意义。治疗4周（SMD=-0.95,95% CI：-1.28~-0.62,P<0.01）和治疗8周后（SMD=-1.53,95% CI：-1.84~-1.22,P<0.01）,两组HAMD评分差异有统计学意义。艾司西酞普兰联合奥氮平组体质量增加（RR=6.21,95% CI：3.37~11.45,P<0.01）及嗜睡（RR=4.26,95% CI：2.17~8.36,P<0.01）发生率较单用艾司西酞普兰组高。 结论 艾司西酞普兰联合奥氮平治疗较单用艾司西酞普兰治疗对抑郁症的效果可能更好,但可能出现体质量增加及嗜睡的发生。     

阿戈美拉汀与SSRIs治疗抑郁症的效果及安全性网状Meta分析

目的 采用网状Meta分析的方法评价阿戈美拉汀与选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂（SSRIs）治疗抑郁症的效果及安全性。方法 计算机检索中国知网（CNKI）、万方数据知识服务平台、维普数据库（VIP）、中国生物医学文献数据库（CBM）、PubMed、Embase和Cochrane Library数据库,检索时限为建库至2021年11月,两名研究员独立按照纳入及排除标准对检索文献进行筛选、质量评价和数据提取。采用ADDIS进行统计分析。结果 共纳入22项随机对照试验,共7 256例抑郁症患者。网状Meta分析结果显示,依据贝叶斯统计学方法对一致性分析结果排序,在治疗效果方面,艾司西酞普兰（P=0.63）在有效率指标中成为最佳治疗措施的概率最高,帕罗西汀（P=0.31）在治愈率指标中成为最佳治疗措施的概率最高;在安全性方面,帕罗西汀（P=0.44）成为不良事件发生率最高的治疗措施的概率最高,舍曲林（P=0.74）成为中途退出研究的患者人数最多的治疗措施的概率最高。结论 在治疗抑郁症的效果方面,艾司西酞普兰与帕罗西汀可能优于舍曲林、阿戈美拉汀、西酞普兰和氟西汀;在安全性方面,帕罗西汀和舍曲林可能最差。     

艾司西酞普兰与帕罗西汀治疗抑郁症对照研究

目的:探讨艾司西酞普兰对抑郁症的疗效和安全性. 方法:80例抑郁发作患者随机分为艾司西酞普兰组和帕罗西汀组,每组40例,分别给予艾司西酞普兰和帕罗西汀治疗,疗程6周.以汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)和汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)评定疗效;以治疗中出现的症状量表(TESS)评定不良反应. 结果:治疗1～2周,艾司西酞普兰组HAMD、HAMA评分均较帕罗西汀组显著下降(P均<0.05),治疗4～6周,两组相仿(P>0.05).艾司西酞普兰组有效率和治愈率分别为75.7%和54.1%;帕罗西汀组有效率和治愈率分别为80.6%和61.1%;两组差异无显著性(P>0.05).艾司西酞普兰组不良反应总发生率21.6%,较帕罗西汀组44.4%显著为低(P<0.05). 结论:艾司西酞普兰治疗抑郁症疗效与帕罗西汀相似,安全有效,不良反应较轻.     

氟西汀联合舒肝解郁胶囊治疗抑郁症的效果及对患者心率变异性的影响

背景 抑郁症可能导致患者存在较高的自杀风险,严重影响患者和家属的生活质量,给社会带来较大负担。虽然西药中的抗抑郁药疗效确切,但单一使用对抑郁症状改善相对局限,且联用两种抗抑郁药可能增加不良反应。中成药与西药合理配伍使用可能起到相辅相成的效果,且中成药安全性较高。目的 探讨氟西汀联合舒肝解郁胶囊治疗抑郁症的效果,比较氟西汀联合舒肝解郁胶囊与单用氟西汀的疗效、安全性以及对患者心率变异性影响的差异,为抑郁症患者的临床用药提供参考。方法 收集2015年12月-2016年6月在新乡医学院第二附属医院门诊就诊和住院治疗的、符合《精神障碍诊断与统计手册（第5版）》（DSM-5）抑郁症诊断标准的64例患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为联合用药组和氟西汀组各32例。两组均接受氟西汀治疗,联合用药组在此基础上联用舒肝解郁胶囊。治疗前,两组均接受汉密尔顿抑郁量表24项版（HAMD-24）和汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）评定以及心率变异性（HRV）分析,并于治疗第2、4、6周末接受HAMD-24和副反应量表（TESS）评定,治疗第6周末再次进行HRV分析。结果 最终共60例抑郁症患者完成研究,联合用药组和氟西汀组各30例。治疗第2、4、6周末,联合用药组HAMD-24评分均低于氟西汀组,差异均有统计学意义（t=-2.677、-3.960、-4.432,P<0.05或0.01）。与治疗前相比,联合用药组在治疗第6周末24小时平均正常RR间期标准差（SDNN）、标化低频功率（nLF）以及标化高频功率（nHF）均较高（t=-73.970、-31.878、-38.721,P均<0.01）,而低频功率与高频功率之比（LF/HF）较低（t=3.525,P<0.01）。治疗第6周末,联合治疗组总有效率高于氟西汀组,差异有统计学意义（86.67% vs. 70.00%,χ²=18.764,P<0.01）。治疗第2、4、6周末,两组不良反应发生例数差异均无统计学意义（P均>0.05）。结论 与单用氟西汀相比,舒肝解郁胶囊联合氟西汀对抑郁症的临床疗效和改善患者心率变异性方面可能更好,且不增加不良反应。     

艾司西酞普兰与氟西汀治疗老年期抑郁症对照研究

目的观察艾司西酞普兰治疗老年期抑郁症的疗效和安全性。方法采用随机对照、开放标签设计,103例老年抑郁症患者随机分到艾司西酞普兰治疗组和氟西汀治疗组,治疗8周。汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）和汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）评估患者疗效,意向治疗分析法（Intent to Treat Analysis,ITT）处理研究数据。对中途退出或失访的病例按照末次观察推进法（Last Observation Carried Forward,LOCF）处理缺失值。结果治疗8周脱落率艾司西酞普兰组低于氟西汀组,差异有统计学显著性（21％：41％,χ^2=4．82,P〈0．028）;完成8周疗效观察的病例,艾司西酞普兰组有效率为90．3％;氟西汀组有效率86．6％,两组差异无统计学差异（χ^2=1．282,P=0．673）;ITT分析显示两组8周时疗效显著性差异,艾司西酞普兰治疗组抑郁和焦虑症状评分改善的时间早于氟西汀组,且不良反应率低于氟西汀组。结论艾司西酞普兰治疗老年抑郁症患者疗效和耐受性均优于氟西汀。     

艾司西酞普兰治疗惊恐障碍疗效观察

目的 了解艾司西酞普兰治疗惊恐障碍的疗效和安全性.方法 将患者随机分为艾司西酞普兰组或西酞普兰组,疗程12周,使用汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、惊恐相关症状量表(PASS)、不良反应量表(TESS)在两组患者治疗前及治疗第1、2、4、8、12周进行评分.结果 艾司西酞普兰组有效率为84.21%,司西酞普兰组有效率为81.08%,无统计学意义(χ＜'2＞=0.13,P＞0.05).治疗2周时,艾司西酞普兰组HAMA评分低于对照组,有统计学意义(t=2.87,P＜0.01).治疗2、4周时艾司西酞普兰组PASS评分低于对照组,有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 艾司西酞普兰治疗惊恐障碍同西酞普兰同样安全有效,和西酞普兰相比,能更快地控制患者的焦虑症状和惊恐障碍的核心症状.     

艾司西酞普兰治疗躯体疾病伴发焦虑的疗效观察

目的评价艾司西酞普兰治疗躯体疾病伴发焦虑的疗效。方法对我院门诊2005年2月－2007年5月来我院就诊的患者中躯体疾患伴发焦虑患者进行开放性平行对照研究,对照组用帕罗西汀治疗,为期六周,采用HAMA、CGI量表评定临床效果,以TESS量表评定不良反应。结果入组共33例（艾司西酞普兰17例,帕罗西汀组16例）,临床判断艾司西酞普兰与帕罗西汀的显效率分别为62．1％和64．49／6,无显著差异,治疗后一周,艾司西酞普兰组HAMA减分率优于帕罗西汀组,治疗两周后无显著差异。副反应的发生率,艾司西酞普兰组为15．6％,远低于帕罗西汀组的24．6％。结论艾司西酞普兰是一种疗效好,安全性高,起效快的治疗躯体疾病伴发焦虑的首选药物。     

艾司西酞普兰治疗广泛性焦虑的疗效观察

目的探讨艾司西酞普兰治疗广泛性焦虑的疗效及安全性。方法将64例广泛性焦虑患者随机分为研究组(艾司西酞普兰组)与对照组(文拉法辛组)各32例,分别予艾司西酞普兰与文拉法新治疗,疗程均为6周。分别采用汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、临床疗效总评量表-病情严重度(CGI-SI)、艾森贝格抗抑郁剂副反应量表(SERS)于治疗前及治疗第1,46周末进行评定。结果艾司西酞普兰组在治疗后各个时点2,,的HAMA总分、精神性症状分、躯体性症状分、CGI-SI评分均明显下降,与治疗前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。文拉法新组在治疗后第1周末躯体性症状分与治疗前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),HAMA总分、精神性症状分、CGI-SI评分从治疗后第2周起明显下降,与治疗前比较差异有统计学意义(P均<0.01)。艾司西酞普兰组在治疗后各个时点躯体性症状分均低于对照组,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。艾司西酞普兰组总有效率为84.28%,显效率为66.67%;与文拉法新组总有效率78.13%、显效率为53.33%比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。艾司西酞普兰组在治疗第1,周末SERS2总分与文拉法新组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。治疗后6周末两组的SERS总分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论艾司西酞普兰治疗广泛性焦虑有良好疗效,起较更快,不良反应轻微。     

团体认知行为治疗对广泛性焦虑障碍的临床疗效及其对患者执行功能的影响

背景 广泛性焦虑障碍（GAD）患者常存在执行功能损害。团体认知行为治疗（CBT）有助于改善GAD患者的负性情绪,但对执行功能的改善效果尚不明确。目的 探讨团体CBT对GAD患者焦虑症状和执行功能的影响,以期为GAD患者的康复治疗提供参考。方法 连续选取2021年3月—2022年8月在十堰市太和医院睡眠心身医学中心住院的、符合《精神障碍诊断与统计手册（第5版）》（DSM-5）中GAD诊断标准的80例患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为研究组（n=40）和对照组（n=40）。两组均接受药物治疗及疾病健康教育,研究组在此基础上接受为期6周、每周1次、每次60~90 min的团体CBT。分别于治疗前和治疗6周后使用汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）评定焦虑症状,使用额叶功能评定量表（FAB）评定执行功能。结果 重复测量方差分析结果显示,两组HAMA评分的时间效应有统计学意义（F=1 870.320,P<0.01）,组间效应以及时间与组间的交互效应无统计学意义（F=1.254、0.293,P均>0.05）。两组FAB评分的时间效应、组间效应以及时间与组间的交互效应均有统计学意义（F=311.190、4.399、7.021,P<0.05或0.01）。进一步分析结果显示,治疗后,两组FAB评分均高于治疗前（t=200.569、115.401,P均<0.01）,且研究组FBA评分高于对照组（t=-3.211,P<0.01）。结论 团体CBT联合药物治疗可能有助于降低GAD患者焦虑水平,改善其执行功能。     

艾司西酞普兰与帕罗西汀治疗老年抑郁症对比分析

目的 探讨艾司西酞普兰与帕罗西汀治疗老年抑郁症患者的临床效果.方法 选取2012-01-2012-12我院收治的老年抑郁症患者88例,随机分为艾司西酞普兰组和帕罗西汀组,每组44例.艾司西酞普兰组采用草酸艾司西酞普兰片治疗,帕罗西汀组采用盐酸帕罗西汀片治疗,比较2组患者的临床疗效和并发症发生情况.结果 艾司西酞普兰组痊愈率和总有效率分别为52.27%、93.18%,均明显高于帕罗西汀组的36.36%、77.27%,差异均具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;艾司西酞普兰组口干、恶心、头痛、出汗、便秘等不良反应发生率较帕罗西汀组均呈不同程度降低,但差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 艾司西酞普兰治疗老年抑郁症,其疗效确切,效果显著,安全性高,是老年抑郁症患者较为理想的临床治疗药物.     

Factors associated with satisfaction with care among patients with epilepsy

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the work described here was to determine those variables associated with satisfaction with care among patients with epilepsy. METHODS: We interviewed patients followed at a tertiary epilepsy center. Predictor variables included age, gender, race, education, income, insurance, seizure frequency, and Quality of Life in Epilepsy-10 inventory (QOLIE-10) results. Target variables were the subscales of the Short Form Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire (PSQ-18). We used univariate analysis to identify those variables significantly associated with the subscales and multiple linear regression to determine those independently significant. RESULTS: The study population comprised 193 patients. Lower education and better QOLIE-10 scores were independently associated with general satisfaction with care. The mental health scale was associated with general satisfaction with care. Lower educational level was the only variable independently associated with patient satisfaction with communication, the financial aspect of care, and time spent with physician. CONCLUSION: Lower educational level and better quality of life are the main variables associated with higher general satisfaction with care among patients with epilepsy.     

Treatment with rituximab in patients with polyneuropathy with anti-MAG antibodies

Journal of Neurology -     

Surgical Outcome in Patients with Epilepsy with Occult Vascular Malformations Treated with Lesionectomy

Summary: Purpose: This retrospective study reports the long-term surgical outcome of patients with medically refractory epilepsy and vascular malformations who were treated with lesionectomy. A detailed analysis of surgical failures had been performed in an attempt to define predictors of surgical success and failure.
Methods: Fifteen patients with medically intractable epilepsy and angiographically occult vascular malformations (AOVMs) were treated surgically with lesionectomy at Duke University Medical Center. Lesionectomy consisted of removal of the AOVM and surrounding hemosiderin-stained brain only, without the use of electrocorticography (ECoG) to guide resection.
Results: Eleven (73%) patients are seizure free after lesionectomy. Three showed no significant improvement, and one patient died, presumably after a seizure. Age of onset, duration of seizures, age at resection, and gender did not affect outcome. All patients with neocortical AOVMs in whom EEG findings correlated with the site of the lesion were seizure free after lesional resection. Treatment failures were associated with the presence of multiple intracranial lesions, poorly localized or diffuse EEG findings, discordant positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, or with a lesion in close proximity to the limbic system.
Conclusions: Lesionectomy, with removal of surrounding hemosiderin-stained brain, can be considered the procedure of choice in carefully selected patients with epilepsy with occult vascular malformations.     

Children with ADHD and motor dysfunction compared with children with ADHD only

The purpose of this study was to identify group differences in children with attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder and motor dysfunction (ADHD-MD) and ADHD only, and to evaluate the medication responsiveness of ADHD-MD. Sixty-three children (49 males and 14 females; mean age 9 years 10 months, SD 2 years 10 months) underwent a triple blind, placebo-controlled crossover study evaluating two dose levels of methylphenidate (0.3 mg/kg and 0.5 mg/kg [corrected], twice daily) and placebo. Forty-nine trials were completed. Nineteen were children with ADHD-MD, 44 had ADHD only. Behavior and functioning were assessed at home and at school. Treatment effects were assessed using the Abbreviated Symptom Questionnaire for Parents and Teachers. Children with ADHD-MD were more likely to have severe ADHD-combined type and other neurodevelopmental and behavioral problems. Both groups of children had a linear dose response to medication (placebo, low, high) and there was no evidence of a group by dose interaction or an overall group effect at home or school. The lack of group effect suggests that these children responded to medication like the other subgroups.     

Valproate is associated with new-onset oligoamenorrhea with hyperandrogenism in women with bipolar disorder.

BACKGROUND: Preliminary evidence suggests that valproate is associated with isolated features of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), while contradictory data support an association between epilepsy and PCOS. The development of PCOS features after initiation of valproate was therefore examined in women with bipolar disorder using a standardized definition of PCOS. METHODS: Three hundred women 18 to 45 years old with bipolar disorder were evaluated for PCOS at 16 Systematic Treatment Enhancement for Bipolar Disorder sites. A comparison was made between the incidence of hyperandrogenism (hirsutism, acne, male-pattern alopecia, elevated androgens) with oligoamenorrhea that developed while taking valproate versus other anticonvulsants (lamotrigine, topiramate, gabapentin, carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine) and lithium. Medication and menstrual cycle histories were obtained, and hyperandrogenism was assessed. RESULTS: Among 230 women who could be evaluated, oligoamenorrhea with hyperandrogenism developed in 9 (10.5%) of 86 women on valproate and in 2 (1.4%) of 144 women on a nonvalproate anticonvulsant or lithium (relative risk 7.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.7-34.1, p = .002). Oligoamenorrhea always began within 12 months of valproate use. CONCLUSIONS: Valproate is associated with new-onset oligoamenorrhea with hyperandrogenism. Monitoring for reproductive-endocrine abnormalities is important when starting and using valproate in reproductive-aged women. Prospective studies are needed to elucidate risk factors for development of PCOS on valproate.     

血管内栓塞治疗未破裂脑动静脉畸形并发癫痫患者的预后分析

目的分析血管内栓塞治疗未破裂脑动静脉畸形(CAVM)并发癫痫患者的预后情况。方法选择2013年3月至2017年6月收治的符合诊断标准的CAVM并发癫痫发作患者49例为研究对象,分析血管内栓塞治疗后患者的临床症状、生活质量(QOLIE-31)改善情况。结果患者经血管内栓塞治疗后,QOLIE-31各项指标(除了药物影响)评分均明显提高,高于治疗前(P0.05);Spetzler-Martin分级与Engel分级的I~II级例数多于治疗前(P0.05),同时Spetzler-Martin分级I~II级生活质量评分(76.04±18.33)分明显高于III~V级的(65.65±16.76)分(P0.05);Engel分级I~II级的生活质量评分(75.25±17.78)分明显高于III~V级的(66.23±13.22)分(P0.05);血管内栓塞比例80%的生活质量总评分(78.37±18.87)分明显高于栓塞比例80%的(64.16±16.92)分(P0.05);术后患者的头疼症状中重度例数明显低于治疗前(P0.01);患者的NIHSS评分和MRS评分均明显低于治疗前,头疼症状的生活质量评分高于治疗前(均P0.05)。结论血管内栓塞能明显改善未破裂脑动静脉畸形并发癫痫患者的头疼症状、癫痫发作情况、神经功能缺损,提高血管内栓塞比例能够提高患者生活质量。