钛种植体表面微弧氧化处理后的生物力学及组织形态学研究

目的对表面微弧氧化(MicroarcOxidation ,MAO)处理后的纯钛种植体进行动物种植实验研究,评估改进的MAO工艺应用于钛种植体的实际效果。方法建立犬下颌缺牙模型,设计纯钛材料种植体,分别经两种MAO处理(MAO - 1和MAO - 2 )后,植入犬下颌骨,采用拉出测力实验、扫描电镜观察、种植体-骨界面X射线能谱扫描的研究方法,对植入3、6、12周种植体的生物力学稳定性及界面特点进行评价,以未经处理纯钛种植体作为对照,实验数据以SPSS软件进行统计分析。结果各组种植体的骨结合力随时间逐渐升高,在所测试的3个时间点内,各组间的骨结合力都有明显统计学差异,MAO - 1组>MAO - 2组>纯钛对照组;X射线扫描结果表明,MAO处理后的种植体-骨界面附近钙磷含量较高,提示新生骨基质钙化良好。结论MAO处理工艺可以提高种植体表面氧化层的生物活性,纯钛种植体经改进的MAO处理后的可以进一步缩短骨结合时间,提高骨结合力。     

不同管径TiO2纳米管对小型猪体内种植体的基因表达及骨整合的影响

目的探讨表面具有TiO2纳米管结构的纯钛种植体周围的基因表达以及不同管径的纳米管对种植体-骨界面成骨的影响。方法在小型猪体内植入表面具有TiO2纳米管结构的纯钛种植体,术后3周、5周和8周取出种植体骨块,制作不脱钙磨片,利用光学显微镜,观察术后3周、5周和8周种植体周围骨的组织学表现;并采用定量PCR法检测种植体周围alkaline phosphatase（ALP）、osterix（OSX）、collagen-I（COL-I）的表达。结果与机械切削的纯钛种植体相比,表面具有TiO2纳米管结构的纯钛种植体在骨-种植体接触面积和基因表达方面都有显著的增加,尤其是表面具有70nm纳米管的种植体。结论 TiO2纳米管通过调节种植体-骨界面的成骨活动获得良好的分子应答和骨整合,纳米管的管径可以被精确调控以获得更好的骨生成。     

载钴纳米管种植体涂层的制备及毒性研究

目的:探索钛种植体表面钴元素的加载方法,评估载钴钛种植体的细胞毒性。方法:纯钛表面通过不同电压阳极氧化处理形成不同管径的二氧化钛纳米管涂层。采用水热处理技术在二氧化钛纳米管涂层内加载钴元素,通过水热处理时间调控钴元素加载量。用CCK-8法检测试件表面对骨髓间充质干细胞的细胞毒性。结果:纯钛试件在不同电压和时间的阳极氧化处理后,表面成功形成不同特征的纳米阵列样形貌。经过水热处理成功加载钴元素于纳米管内部。钴元素的加载明显抑制材料表面细胞的增殖。结论:阳极氧化结合水热处理可以实现载钴二氧化钛纳米管种植体涂层的制备,钴元素的增加量需进一步研究。     

纯钛阳极氧化及表面薄层羟基磷灰石形成技术的研究——Ⅰ.氧化膜的制备及羟基磷灰石涂层的形成

目的：初步了解制备纯钛表面阳极氧化膜和沉积HA薄涂层的技术路线。方法：商业纯钛片经抛光、除油、酸洗后,置于电解槽中进行阳极氧化,采用β－磷酸甘油钠和醋钙作为电解质,阳极化条件为直流电压200V－400V,电流密度≤50mA/cm^2,时间15分钟,阳极氧化完毕后将钛片经高温水热处理2小时（180℃－300℃）。结果：在阳极化后的钛片表达出现蜂窝状孔隙,孔径约1μm-3μm,周围为较规则的突起;X射线衍射图谱（XRD）显示钛表面有金红石和锐钛矿两种氧化钛形态,能谱分析（EDAX）表明钛表面氧化膜内含Ca、P元素;水热处理后,在钛表面出现了结晶物,XRD证明其为HA。结论：阳极氧化可以在纯钛表面形成呈蜂窝状孔隙的、含Ca、P的氧化膜,经水热处理后,在氧化膜表面沉积了HA薄涂层。     

PRP及PRP/OAM对种植体周围骨缺损修复的实验研究

目的探讨富血小板血浆(PRP)以及PRP复合骨诱导活性材料(PRP/OAM)对种植体周围骨缺损修复的作用。方法选取成年Beagle犬4只,体质量10~13 kg,每只犬左右两侧下颌第四前磨牙牙位随机分为A组和B组,与B组同侧的第一、二前磨牙牙位作为对照组。A组种植体周围骨缺损区植入PRP/OAM,B组植入PRP/磷酸三钙,对照组植入磷酸三钙。采用能谱分析各组种植体-新骨界面Ca~(2+)含量,同时观察各组种植术后8、16周组织学形态。结果 A组和B组种植术后8、16周时种植体部位骨表面Ca~(2+)含量均明显高于对照组(P<0.05);A组种植术后8、16周时种植体部位骨表面Ca~(2+)含量为(26.01±3.28)%和(44.10±7.11)%,明显高于B组(P<0.05);种植术后8周,A组新骨与种植体形成区段性骨结合,B组种植体边缘可有新骨形成,对照组种植体边缘为纤维性界面;种植术后16周,A组和B组新骨与种植体形成骨整合,对照组仅为纤维性结合。结论 PRP及PRP/OAM在种植体周围骨缺损修复中,能有效促进骨缺损修复。     

纯钛种植体激光-微弧氧化表面处理对早期骨结合的影响

目的:对比机械光滑表面和经激光-微弧氧化处理表面的纯钛种植体的理化性能,及其对早期骨结合的影响。方法:将纯钛棒加工制作成16颗螺纹柱形种植体,对照组(光滑组)为机械加工光滑表面种植体8颗,实验组(激光-微弧氧化组)为经激光-微弧氧化处理种植体8颗。通过能谱分析仪(EDX)和扫描电镜(SEM)分析种植体表面性质,Veeco粗糙仪检测其粗糙度(Ra)。分别将16颗种植体随机植入新西兰兔的胫骨,4周后处死取样,处死前第13天和第14天皮下注射四环素,处死前第3和第4天皮下注射钙黄绿素,通过四环素-钙黄绿素双色标记示踪检测其矿化速率。将标本通过塑料包埋制作成不脱钙含种植体骨切片,观察种植体-骨界面的骨结合情况。结果:实验组表面可见较大级别微孔,基本与激光处理后一致,孔径约100μm,孔深40⁸0μm。种植体表面微弧氧化膜具有多微孔结构,微孔孔径约180μm。种植体表面微弧氧化膜具有多微孔结构,微孔孔径约1⁵μm,微孔内还可见更小级别微孔,孔径小于1μm。对照组种植体表面Ra值为0.179μm,实验组表面的微弧氧化膜Ra值为1.55μm。对照组只检测到Ti元素,实验组钛表面氧化膜层中含Ti、O、Ca、P元素。实验组的矿化速率和种植体与骨接触的百分率(OI值)均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:通过激光-微弧氧化表面处理,纯钛种植体表面形成多层次多微孔的微弧氧化膜,具有良好的生物相容性和骨引导性,能促进种植体骨结合。     

两种钛种植体骨界面SEM观察和电子探针元素分析

目的：研究钛种植体的两种表面形态与其骨结合界面的关系。方法：在猴下颌磨牙区分期分别植入CDIC和ITI-TPS钛种植体,对界面进行光镜、扫描电镜观察和电子探针元素分析。结果：光镜和扫描电镜观察,种植后1个月的界面只有少量的骨形成;1～3个月的ITI-TPS种植界面的骨形成较CDIC者明显;种植后1年,二者未见明显差别。元素分析,界面钛、钙、磷相互渗透,各期ITI-TPS界面钛的渗透密度均较相应时期CDIC者高。结论：埋植后1～3个月,ITI-TPS种植体骨整合性优于CDIC种植体,但随时间的延长,两种种植体均可形成良好的骨性结合界面。ITI-TPS种植体渗透至界面周围组织的钛离子多于CDIC种植体者。     

微弧氧化钛基种植材料对成骨细胞早期黏附的影响

目的：检测纯钛种植体材料微弧氧化（microarc oxidation，MAO）表面改性后的成骨细胞生物相容性，探讨微弧氧化技术在钛种植体表面改性中的价值。方法：在纯钛种植体材料表面用微弧氧化法制备羟基磷灰石陶瓷薄膜，将MAO改性钛种植体材料作为实验组Ⅰ，将纯钛表面阳极氧化改性处理的种植体材料作为实验组Ⅱ．并设立对照组Ⅰ（纯钛种植体材料）和对照组Ⅱ（即细胞直接生长在培养板上），分别进行扫描电镜（SEM）、能谱分析（EDS）、X射线衍射图谱分析（XRD）等检测，比较成骨细胞的黏附水平，对数据采用SPSS11．0统计软件包进行单因素方差分析。结果：MAO改性后生成粗糙、多孔的陶瓷薄膜层，与处理前电解液成分相比，钙磷比无显著改变。MAO改性钛组黏附的细胞密度显著高于其他组（P〈0．01），而对照组Ⅰ、Ⅱ的细胞密度无显著差异（P〉0．05）。结论：与阳极氧化表面改性材料相比，该钛基微弧氧化薄膜层能够显著促进成骨细胞的附着，具有良好的细胞相容性。     

《中国口腔种植学杂志》2001年第6卷文题索引

Ｂ拔牙创处理钛芯羟基磷灰石涂层种植体即刻种植的临床观察（陈世润２ :７９）补骨合剂ａ补骨合剂促进口腔种植体骨性结合的组织形态学研究（潘在兴１:１１）ｂ补骨合剂促进口腔骨内种植体骨性结合的临床研究（潘在兴２ :７６）薄涂层纯钛阳极氧化及表面薄层羟基磷灰石形成技术的研究（王家伟２ :５１）Ｃ超微结构种植体骨界面的生物学研究进展（王家伟２ :８８）ＣＤＩＣ种植体ＣＤＩＣ纯钛种植体与金属烤瓷冠修复体在磁共振成像检查中的伪影影响（董军１:１９）磁共振ＣＤＩＣ纯钛种植体与金属烤瓷冠修复体在磁共振成像检查中的伪影影响（…     

种植体骨界面生物学反应的研究进展

自从Ｂｒａｎｅｍａｒｋ等提出骨整合概念以来,国内外学者在种植牙研究上取得了突破性的进展。种植体植入后能否形成骨整合的界面,不仅取决于种植材料本身的生物相容性、适应症的选择和种植技术,还取决于种植体的表面结构。本文就国外各型种植体骨界面生物反应的研究现状综述如下。１－纯钛螺旋状光滑表面种植体骨界面的生物学反应钝钛种植体表面存在一层金属钛氧化物,钛氧化物受到加工、消毒、外科植入操作、机体等多种因素的影响［１］。在机体环境中,钛表面氧化物的增厚主要由两种机制决定：①金属钛原子向金属钛氧化物表面扩散然后…     

The integration of chitosan-coated titanium in bone: an in vivo study in rabbits

PROCEDURE: Much research is directed at surface modifications to enhance osseointegration of implants. A new potential coating is the biopolymer, chitosan, the deacetylated derivative of the natural polysaccharide, chitin. Chitosan is biocompatible, degradable, nontoxic, and exhibits osteogenic properties. The aim of this research was to investigate the hypothesis that chitosan-coated titanium supports bone formation and osseointegration. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Chitosan (1 wt% of 92.3% deacetylated chitosan in 1% acetic acid) was solution cast and bonded to rough ground titanium pins (2-mm diameterx4-mm long) via silane reactions. Calcium phosphate sputter-coated titanium and uncoated titanium pins were used as controls. Two chitosan-coated pins, and 1 each of calcium phosphate coated and uncoated pins were implanted unilaterally in the tibia of 16 adult male New Zealand white rabbits. At 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks, undecalcified sections were histologically evaluated for healing and bone formation. RESULTS: Histological evaluations of tissues in contact with the chitosan-coated pins indicated minimal inflammatory response and a typical healing sequence of fibrous, woven bone formation, followed by development of lamellar bone. These observations were similar to those for tissues interfacing the control calcium phosphate-coated and uncoated titanium implants. Quantitative comparisons of the bone-implant interface were not possible since 31% of the implants migrated into the tibial marrow space after implantation due to insufficient cortical bone thickness to hold pins in place during healing. CONCLUSION: These data support the hypothesis that chitosan-coatings are able to develop a close bony apposition or the osseointegration of dental/craniofacial and orthopedic implants.     

Influence of different implant surfaces on peri-implant osteogenesis: histomorphometric analysis in sheep

BACKGROUND: The present study investigated peri-implant osteogenesis and implant biologic fixation in different zirconia sandblasted endosseous titanium surfaces (SLA-60 and SLA-120) and a turned titanium surface (T) 2 and 4 weeks after surgery. METHODS: Seventy-two implant screws were implanted in tibia of six sheep. Histologic sections of implants (2 and 4 weeks after surgery) were analyzed with light microscopy for histomorphometric analysis of bone-to-implant contact (BIC), bone ingrowth (BI), and bone surface (BS/BV). Histologic blocks were used to perform bone microhardness studies next to the implants. Some implants were also observed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). RESULTS: In general, the highest values of BIC, BI, BS/BV, and Vickers hardness number (HV) were measured in SLA-60 samples, followed by SLA-120 and T implants. Two weeks after surgery, all the implants appeared biologically fixed by a newly formed woven bone arranged in thin bone trabeculae and filling the gap between implant and host bone. Four weeks after implantation, the thickness of the woven bone trabeculae had increased, especially around the SLA-60 and SLA-120 implants by a gradual deposition of parallel-fiber bone. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that, in the early period of peri-implant healing, the implant surface morphology that seemed to influence the increase of peri-implant osteogenesis, bone turnover, and peri-implant bone maturation was SLA-60. We suggest that this surface, characterized by moderately deep titanium cavities very similar to the osteocyte lacunae, could act as a microscopic scaffold for mesenchymal and/or osteoblast-like cells adhesion.     

紫外线处理微弧氧化种植体的早期成骨研究

目的研究C波段紫外线(ultraviolet C,UVC)处理的微弧氧化(micro-arc oxidation,MAO)纯钛种植体植入兔胫骨后的早期成骨方式。方法实验分2组,MAO组和UVC-MAO组。MAO组将医用纯钛种植体经微弧氧化处理后植入新西兰大白兔胫骨。UVC-MAO组将医用纯钛种植体经过微弧氧化处理后,用15 W UVC灭菌灯对钛种植体照射48 h,经过25.0 kGyγ射线消毒后植入新西兰大白兔胫骨。2周后取出胫骨,用锥形束CT观察种植体表面成骨情况;制作胫骨硬组织切片,并以亚甲基蓝-酸性品红染色,光学显微镜观察两组种植体的成骨方式。结果 MAO组可见靠近种植体骨环底端的为成骨细胞及软组织,无任何骨组织,骨环斜面有从周围成熟骨生长的骨组织及类骨质,但所有组织与种植体表面均有一定距离,而非密切接触材料表面。UVC-MAO组可见种植体骨环底端及骨环斜面表面紧密接触类骨质及成骨细胞,还有已经分化的新生骨组织;所有组织与种植体表面紧密接触,无间隔。结论紫外线处理微弧氧化后的种植体,更有利于成骨细胞粘附于种植体表面,形成新生骨质并紧密贴附于种植体表面,骨环周围成熟骨质同时向种植体生长,有利于种植体早期的接触成骨。     

Osseointegration of commercial microstructured titanium implants incorporating magnesium: a histomorphometric study in rabbit cancellous bone

Objective: Recent studies have suggested that magnesium (Mg) ions exert a beneficial effect on implant osseointegration. This study assessed the osseointegration of nanoporous titanium (Ti) surface incorporating the Mg produced by hydrothermal treatment in rabbit cancellous bone to determine whether this surface would further enhance bone healing of moderately rough‐surfaced implants in cancellous bone, and compared the result with commercially available micro‐arc oxidized Mg‐incorporated implants. Material and methods: The Mg‐incorporated Ti surfaces (RBM/Mg) were obtained by hydrothermal treatment using an alkaline Mg‐containing solution on grit‐blasted moderately rough (RBM) implants. Untreated RBM and recently introduced Mg‐incorporated microporous Ti implants produced by micro‐arc oxidation (M) were used controls in this study. The surface characteristics were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and optical profilometry. Twenty‐four threaded implants with a length of 10 mm (eight RBM implants, eight RBM/Mg implants and eight M implants) were placed in the femoral condyles of 12 New Zealand White rabbits. Histomorphometric analysis was performed 4 weeks after implantation. Results: Hydrothermally treated and untreated grit‐blasted implants displayed almost identical surface morphologies and R_a values at the micron‐scale. The RBM/Mg implants exhibited morphological differences compared with the RBM implants at the nano‐scale, which displayed nanoporous surface structures. The Mg‐incorporated implants (RBM/Mg and M) exhibited more continuous bone apposition and a higher degree of bone‐to‐implant contact (BIC) than the untreated RBM implants in rabbit cancellous bone. The RBM/Mg implants displayed significantly greater BIC% than untreated RBM implants, both in terms of the all threads region and the total lateral length of implants (P<0.05), but no statistical differences were found between the RBM/Mg and M implants except BIC% values in total lateral length. Conclusion: These results indicate that a nanoporous Mg‐incorporated surface may be effective in enhancing the osseointegration of moderately rough grit‐blasted implants by increasing the degree of bone?implant contact in areas of cancellous bone. To cite this article :
Park J‐W, An C‐H, Jeong S‐H, Suh J‐Y. Osseointegration of commercial microstructured titanium implants incorporating magnesium: a histomorphometric study in rabbit cancellous bone.
Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 23 , 2012; 294–300.
doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2010.02144.x     

Bone response of Mg ion‐implanted clinical implants with the plasma source ion implantation method

Objectives: This study examined the bone response of magnesium (Mg) ion‐implanted implants produced using a plasma source ion implantation method. Materials and methods: The surface characteristics were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, Auger electron spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy. The screw‐type titanium implants were treated with resorbable blasting media (RBM) and divided into one control group (RBM implants) and three test groups (Mg ion‐implanted implants with different retained Mg doses). Twenty‐four implants from each group were placed into the tibiae of 24 New Zealand white rabbits. After allowing 6 weeks for healing, the removal torque (RTQ) was measured and the implants were subjected to histomorphometric analysis. Results: The surface roughness and surface morphology of the test groups were similar. The Mg ion‐implanted implants with a 2.3 × 10¹⁵ ions/cm² retained dose showed a significantly higher RTQ than the other implants. Histomorphometric analysis indicated that the bone contact of this group was superior to the other groups. Conclusion: The bone response of Mg ion‐implanted implant showed results superior or similar to an RBM‐treated implant. The optimal Mg ion concentration that induced the strongest osseointegration was approximately 9%. To cite this article:
Cho L‐R, Kim D‐G, Kim J‐H, Byon E‐S, Jeong Y‐S, Park C‐J. Bone response of Mg ion‐implanted clinical implants with plasma source ion implantation method.
Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 21 , 2010; 848–856.
doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2009.01862.x     

Early bone tissue responses to turned and oxidized implants in the rabbit tibia

Background: Previous studies have shown the formation of more bone contacts with a moderately rough and porous titanium surface, created by anodic oxidation, as compared with nonmodified turned titanium control surfaces. The mechanisms leading to a stronger bone response to oxidized titanium are not well understood.
Purpose: The aim of the study was to describe the early events of bone integration of titanium implants with oxidized and turned surfaces.
Materials and Methods: Nine adult New Zealand White rabbits and 18 implants were used in the study. One oxidized and one turned threaded titanium implants, which had been placed in the right tibial metaphysis, were analyzed in the present study. The implants were retrieved after 7, 14, and 28 days for light microscopic examination and histomorphometric measurements in ground sections.
Results: Integration of oxidized implants was seen to occur as direct bone formation on the surface, while the integration of turned implants was a result of bone ingrowth from preexisting bone and bone marrow. For oxidized implants, an almost acellular, darkly stained layer was seen after 7 to 14 days, which later became populated with osteoblasts. The presence of osteoid seams indicated appositional bone growth from the substrate toward the surrounding tissues. The bone contact values were higher for oxidized implants, and the bone area values were higher for turned implants.
Conclusions: The present study confirms the idea that implant surface modification alters the bone tissue response to titanium. The early bone formation following surgery occurs directly on the moderately rough oxidized surface, while turned titanium surfaces are integrated by the ingrowth of bone from the adjacent bone marrow and preexisting bone tissues.     

微弧氧化处理后纯钛植入体的皮下埋置实验及表面元素成分研究

目的：对微弧氧化(microarc oxidation，MAO)处理的纯钛材料进行动物皮下埋置实验，以评价MAO处理的纯钛材料的生物相容性及材料一软组织反应。方法：选取纯钛材料经过MAO处理后，在无菌手术条件下植入家兔的背部浅筋膜下，以相同规格的纯钛试件作为对照，采用GB／T16886．6的国家医疗器械生物学评价标准，对此种材料的生物相容性进行评价，对取出的标本进行扫描电镜的观察及能谱分析。结果：所有实验动物在实验过程中未发现异常现象，组织学观察发现MAO组与对照组试件周围形成的纤维囊壁均匀，厚度一致，未发现异常的炎症细胞聚集和浸润，未见到MAO组试件涂层脱落现象。将MAO组试件取出后进行SEM观察，见其材料表面沉积有少量的磷酸钙盐颗粒，并含有较高比例的N，C元素，对照组试件未见到磷酸钙盐颗粒，N，C元素的含量较低。结论：进行动物皮下埋置的MAO处理后纯钛材料没有明显局部炎症反应，具有很好的组织相容性和一定的钙磷元素谲导沂和能于1．     

钛板携带种植体修复下颌骨缺损的动物试验

目的：观察钛板与种植体联合植入修复羊下颌骨缺损的生物反应和X线表现。方法：12只山羊下颌骨单侧和双侧体部切除后,将特制的装有HA涂层种植体的钛板植入骨缺损区,并在种植体周围植松质骨。术后给抗生素预防感染。3个月后安装基台和义齿,行X线拍片观察钛板和种植体与骨接触区的愈合情况及羊的饮食和生存情况。6个月后植骨区和骨断端与钛板界面处取材行组织学观察。结果：钛板携带种植体植入羊下颌骨后未见感染和排异反应,伤口一期愈合。安装基台和义齿后给羊喂粉碎的饲料,未见伤口裂开和钛板脱落。3个月后X线拍片见在种植体周围存在新骨,钛板与下颌骨紧密相连。6个月后镜下见种植体周围为不规则的骨小梁结构和纤维组织。结论：钛板携带种植体植入羊下颌骨后无明显排异反应,可恢复羊下颌骨的外形和咀嚼功能。     

Enhanced osteoconductivity of micro-structured titanium implants (XiVE S CELLplus™) by addition of surface calcium chemistry: a histomorphometric study in the rabbit femur

Objectives: This study evaluated the osseointegration in rabbit cancellous bone of titanium (Ti) implants with a micro-topographically complex surface structure produced by grit-blasting/acid-etching with or without the addition of surface calcium ion (Ca) chemistry.
Material and methods: Micro-structured Ti implants (XiVE S CELLplus^™ screw implant, Dentsply Friadent GmbH) were hydrothermally treated in an alkaline Ca-containing solution to produce a nano-structured Ca-incorporated oxide surface layer. The surface characteristics were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy and stylus profilometry before and after Ca surface treatment. Twenty implants (10 control and 10 experimental) were placed in the femoral condyles of 10 New Zealand White rabbits. Histomorphometric analysis was performed 6 weeks after implantation.
Results: Ca-incorporated and untreated control implants showed similar surface morphologies and surface roughness values at the micron scale. Untreated micro-structured Ti implants achieved a high degree of bone-to-implant contact (BIC), and Ca incorporation further increased BIC% ( P <0.05). Active new bone apposition was found on surfaces of Ca-incorporated implants in areas of loose trabeculae.
Conclusion: The nano-structured Ca-incorporated oxide surface significantly enhanced osteoconductivity of micro-structured Ti implants in rabbit cancellous bone. Results indicate that this surface produced by simple hydrothermal treatment may be effective in improving the osseointegration of implants with micro-topographically complex surface structures in areas of loose cancellous bone.     

增材制造Ti-6Al-4V钛合金种植体骨结合的动物实验研究

目的探讨增材制造Ti-6Al-4V（TC4）钛合金种植体动物体内的骨结合和成骨效果,为进一步临床应用提供实验依据。 方法选择健康雄性新西兰兔42只,以兔双侧后腿股骨髁部为种植体植入区,将实验兔先分为2周（A组）、8周（B组）2个大组,每组21只;每大组中再分为3个亚组,分别为A1组、A2组、A3组和B1组、B2组、B3组,每小组7只。A1组和B1组实验兔双侧后腿股骨髁部分别植入原始表面和表面改性TC4钛合金种植体各1枚;A2组和B2组实验兔植入原始表面TC4钛合金种植体和钛骨种植体各1枚;A3组和B3组实验兔植入表面改性TC4钛合金种植体和钛骨种植体各1枚;使2周、8周均含有3种种植体各14枚。术后2、8周观察并比较分析3种种植体的植入成功率和骨结合情况,观察指标为：骨体积分数（BV/TV）、骨小梁面积密度（BS/BV）、骨小梁厚度（Tb.Th）、骨小梁数量（Tb.N）和骨小梁间隔（Tb.Sp）。对各组不同时段种植体骨界面骨密度指标,使用SPSS 21.0软件包对数据进行双因素方差分析,验证不同表面、不同时间对种植体骨结合水平的影响,并采用Tukey′s多重比较检验分析组间统计学差异。 结果3种种植体不脱钙组织切片、骨块微CT扫描及光学显微镜观察显示,随着植入后的时间进展,3种种植体表面骨组织的量逐渐增多,分布逐渐变密。2周时,表面改性TC4钛合金种植体组的BV/TV、Tb.N显著高于原始表面和钛骨组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;Tb.Th显著高于钛骨组（P<0.05）;BS/BV、Tb.Sp显著低于钛骨组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。8周时,3种种植体的BV/TV、BS/BV、Tb.Th、Tb.N和Tb.Sp差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。 结论表面改性TC4钛合金种植体2周时即能形成更多的骨组织,骨小梁的分布更密集,骨结合能力更强,有望成为口腔种植体的优选材料。