大黄的生化学研究ⅩⅩⅩⅥ 波叶大黄多糖抗衰老作用的实验研究

从波叶大黄中提取得波叶大黄多糖(RHP)。RHP(0.2%和0.1%)能明显延长两性果蝇的平均寿命和最高寿命;RHP(100和200 mg/kg)可增加12月龄小鼠红细胞内和脑中SOD活力,降低心肌组织中脂褐质含量,降低肝组织中过氧化脂质含量,抑制脑中B型单胺氧化酶活力;RHP还可增加2—3月龄小鼠的游泳耐力和耐缺氧能力,表明RHP有较明显的延缓衰老作用。     

大黄的生化学研究ⅩⅩⅩⅥ 波叶大黄多糖抗衰老作用的实验研究

从波叶大黄中提取得波叶大黄多糖(RHP)。RHP(0.2%和0.1%)能明显延长两性果蝇的平均寿命和最高寿命;RHP(100和200 mg/kg)可增加12月龄小鼠红细胞内和脑中SOD活力,降低心肌组织中脂褐质含量,降低肝组织中过氧化脂质含量,抑制脑中B型单胺氧化酶活力;RHP还可增加2—3月龄小鼠的游泳耐力和耐缺氧能力,表明RHP有较明显的延缓衰老作用。     

牛磺酸对小鼠脂褐质SOD及抗疲劳作用的影响

研究目的探讨牛磺酸对小鼠心肌脂褐质、脑和肝脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力的影响,探讨牛磺酸的抗疲劳作用。研究背景机体衰老过程中血脂及脂褐质逐渐升高,SOD下降。有研究表明牛磺酸有一定的降血脂作用,但还不清楚牛磺酸对高脂小鼠体内脂褐质及SOD水平的影响如何。处理方法通过建立高脂血症小鼠模型,观察牛磺酸对小鼠肌脂褐质和小鼠脑及肝脏SOD的影响,观察牛磺酸对正常小鼠游泳疲劳耐受力的影响。结果高血脂小鼠心肌脂褐质含量明显高于牛磺酸组小鼠,两者分别为26.50±5.06μg/g和22.25±0.44μg/g(P<0.05)。高血脂小鼠和牛磺酸小鼠脑组织SOD活力分别为17.79±2.29u/mg和25.98±2.87μ/mg(P<0.01),两组小鼠肝脏组织SOD活力分别为20.14±3.27u/mg和28.93±3.40u/mg(P<0.01)。牛磺酸组小鼠游泳耐受时间较对照组提高101.69％。结论牛磺酸能降低高血脂动物模型心肌脂褐脂含量,增加脑和肝组织SOD活性,并能使动物游泳耐力提高。     

益肾健脾方剂延缓衰老的实验研究

采用果蝇寿命试验，小鼠肝脂质过氧化物，心肌脂褐质含量及离体脑Ｂ型单胺氧化酶活力的测定，证明中医益肾健脾方剂具有抗氧化作用，能显著延长果蝇寿命，克服四氯化碳引起的小鼠肝脂质过氧化作用的亢进状态，显著降低小鼠心肌脂褐质含量，明显抑制离体的小鼠脑Ｂ型单胺氧化酸活性，为祖国医学以益肾健脾达到延缓衰老的理论提供了科学依据。     

猴头菌多糖的抗衰老作用

猴头菌丝体多糖和子实体多糖能显著增加果蝇飞翔能力,降低刚孵化果蝇和小鼠心肌组织脂褐质含量,并能增加小鼠脑和肝脏中SOD的比活力。     

黑木耳多糖和银耳多糖的抗衰老作用

黑木耳多糖、银耳多糖和银耳孢子多糖能明显延长果蝇成虫的平均寿命,降低果蝇脂褐质的含量,并延长小鼠在缺氧情况下的存活时间,本文进一步报道对另外一些抗衰老指标的影响。     

桑叶延年益寿的药理学研究

观察桑叶延年益寿的新功效。采用抗应激,抗疲劳试验、老年大鼠ＳＯＤ和脂褐质测定,以及果蝇寿命试验。研究表明桑叶能提高小鼠的耐高温能力和防止由于应激刺激引起的大鼠肾上腺ＶｉｔＣ含量降低;能延长大鼠游泳及转棒时间,增强机体耐力作用;能延长果蝇的寿命,提高老年大鼠红细胞内ＳＯＤ和降低大脑、脊髓组织脂褐质含量。提示桑叶能调节机体对应激刺激的反应能力,增强机体耐受能力和延缓衰老作用。     

小鼠衰老模型研究

采用D-半乳糖0.12 mg/g给3个月龄ICR小鼠眼球后注射一个月,与同龄鼠比较,发现脑中B型单胺氧化酶活力增高42.8%,Na~ /K~ -ATP酶活力下降28.6%;在其脑、心、肝组织中脂褐质含量分别增加46%、38%和16%;在血清中脂质过氧化物增高39%,超氧化物歧化酶活力下降8.6%;此外,胸腺重量明显下降,这些变化与21月龄鼠接近,表明该方法可造成一个较好的动物衰老模型。     

白藜芦醇对D-半乳糖致衰老小鼠氧化损伤的影响

目的研究白藜芦醇对D-半乳糖所致衰老小鼠氧化损伤的缓解作用.方法用D-半乳糖皮下注射制备衰老小鼠模型,同时分别给予不同剂量白藜芦醇(15、30 mg/kg)灌胃,观察其对衰老模型小鼠血清和脑组织抗氧化系统的影响.结果衰老模型小鼠脑组织脂褐质(LF)升高,血清和脑组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性下降,一氧化氮(NO)和丙二醛(MDA)含量增加.分别给予15,30 mg/kg白藜芦醇灌胃后能使衰老模型小鼠脑组织和血清中NO、MDA不同程度下降,SOD及GSH-Px活性不同程度升高,脑组织中LF降低.结论白藜芦醇可通过清除氧自由基及抗脂质过氧化而抗衰老.     

天麻对D—半乳糖所致衰老小鼠的改善作用

小鼠球后注射D－半乳糖80mg／kg，50d后造成亚急性衰老模型，同时口服天麻4、8g／kg能显著恢复D－半乳糖衰老模型小鼠被动回避反应能力的下降，明显提高RBC中SOD活力，皮肤羟脯氨酸含量，减少心肌脂褐质，对脑、肝脂褐质减少不明显。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.