离退休军人心理健康状况与归因倾向探讨

目的探讨疗养离退休军人的心理健康水平与归因倾向。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)[1]对来疗养的离退休军人进行心理健康状况的调查,运用莫里斯(Morris)等人设计的"鱼群在湖里游动"的社会事件卡通片(social event cartoon)[2]中的8个片子,对疗养的离退休军人做归因倾向调查。结果1 125名疗养的离退休军人,外归因者有361人占32%;内归因者有764占68%;内归因者和外归因者心理健康状态除躯体化症状外均有差异,外归因者的项目得分均高于内归因者,在抑郁和恐怖两项上差异显著。结论疗养离退休军人心理健康状态受归因倾向影响,适当的对离退休军人进行可控的内归因训练,可以提高他们的心理健康水平。     

岛礁官兵焦虑、抑郁情绪调查及其影响因素分析

目的:调查岛礁官兵焦虑、抑郁情绪状态的严重程度并探讨其影响因素,为后续官兵心理筛查及心理健康维护提供理论依据。方法:采用焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表、大五人格量表、人际关系量表和心理弹性量表,对岛礁官兵的情绪状况及相关因素进行评估。结果:出现焦虑情绪的官兵人数占总测评人数的34.14%,出现抑郁情绪的官兵人数占总测评人数...     

助产士与普通外科护士心理健康状况比较

目的了解助产士心理健康状况,寻找影响助产士健康状况的因素。方法采用抑郁自评量表(SDS),对35名助产士和47名普通外科病房护士进行调查分析。结果助产士群体中SDS均值为48.03±9.45,高于普通外科病房护士的44.12±9.79(P<0.01);抑郁症状发生率41.5%,高于普通外科病房护士的27.3%(P<0.05)。结论助产士抑郁症状发生率明显高于普通外科病房护理人员;产房工作特点和工作环境是影响护士心理健康的主要原因。     

武警某部医院医务人员心理卫生状况调查

目的了解武警部队一线医务人员的心理卫生状况,分析影响医务人员心理健康因素。方法采用症状自评量表(symptom checklist,SCL-90)、抑郁自评量表(selfrating depression scale,SDS)、焦虑自评量表(selfrating anxiety scale,SAS)对医院242名一线医务人员进行调查。结果 21.9%的医务人员存在不同程度的心理问题,抑郁发生率为13.72%,焦虑发生率为8.26%。SDS、SAS、躯体化、人际关系等与国内常模比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论武警部队一线医务人员的心理健康状况与一般人群比较相对较差,多见抑郁、焦虑、躯体化等心理问题,值得重视。     

进驻青藏高原铁路建设职工心理健康状况调查

目的 :了解进驻青藏铁路建设职工心理健康状况 ,为制定其心理健康保健对策提供依据。方法 :采用心理健康调查问卷 (PHI)、精神症状清单 (SCL - 90 )和自编的相关问卷 ,对平均海拔 4 0 0 0m以上施工现场约 2 0 0 0 0名施工者中随机抽取的 2 39名职工进行心理健康检测分析。结果 :本组人员中SCL - 90的总均分≥ 2 .0的有 6 8例 (2 8.3% ) ,多为抑郁、焦虑 (其总均分≥ 2 .0分者分别占 14 .6 4%和 11.72 % ) ;本组中男性 194人 ,女性 4 5人 ,总均分分别为 1.2 6± 0 .5 2和 1.5 3± 0 .5 9,两者间差别存在显著性 (P =0 .0 0 5 ) ;其SCL - 90中的强迫症状严重度及阳性症状分与进入高原的时间呈正相关 (Pearson系数 =0 .133,P =0 .0 4 0和Pearson系数 =0 .12 7,P =0 .0 5 0 )。结论 :进驻高原施工对职工的心理健康状态有一定的影响 ,且以女性为著 ,主要表现在抑郁和焦虑等方面 ,有随进入高原时间的延长而症状加重的趋势。     

扁平苔藓患者心理健康状况研究

目的:探讨扁平苔藓患者有无异常的心理健康状态。方法:对122例口腔粘膜扁平苔藓患者进行汉密顿焦虑量表(HAMA)和汉密顿抑郁量表(HAMD)测量。结果:89例(72.9%)口腔粘膜扁平苔藓患者有焦虑倾向,27例(22.1%)有抑郁倾向,两者与对照组均有统计学上的显著差异。结论:口腔粘膜扁平苔藓患者多伴有焦虑和抑郁,其中焦虑的表现更为突出。临床治疗中应更加注重扁平苔藓患者的心理疏导。     

海洋石油湛江基地中学生心理健康的调查与分析

子女的心理健康状况是每位家长关心的问题。笔者对中国海洋石油湛江基地中学生进行了一次心理健康状况调查，旨在为教育工作者和家长对学生的心理辅导提供科学依据，稳定海洋石油职工情绪，保障海上油田安全生产。     

军事飞行人员高血压患者心理健康调查（摘要）

目的评估军事飞行人员高血压患者心理健康状况。方法通过87名军事飞行人员高血压患者及121名对照组样本进行SCL-90心理自评量表测试。结果军事飞行人员中高血压患者与对照组比较,心理健康状态普遍不佳,躯体化、强迫、抑郁、焦虑和恐怖因子等个性倾向明显。结论军事飞行人员高血压患者予以药物控制血压的同时,必须要考虑采取必要的心理治疗措施。     

某部坑道驻训官兵焦虑及抑郁症状调查

目的：调查坑道驻训官兵的心理健康状况。方法：采用焦虑自评量表（SAS）和抑郁自评量表（SDS）对某部坑道驻训106名官兵进行测查，并进行统计学处理。结果：坑道驻训官兵SAS和SDS总分值明显高于全国常模（P〈0．05；P〈0．01），军官明显高于士兵（P〈0．05；P〈0．01），大专及以上学历者明显高于其他学历者（P〈0．05；P〈0．01）；抑郁现患率明显高于焦虑现患率。结论：坑道驻训官兵心理健康状况有其自身特点。     

心理干预对新兵心理健康状况影响的调查

目的:调查了解新兵入伍时的心理健康状况及心理干预对其心理健康的影响。方法:采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)对新兵102例在心理干预前后的心理健康状况进行测评,并与全军常模比较。结果:新兵心理干预后的SCL-90总分、躯体化、强迫症状、抑郁、焦虑、敌对和恐怖分值显著低于心理干预前(P<0.05),但人际关系因子分值显著高于心理干预前(P<0.05);阳性项目数、阳性项目均分、躯体化、人际关系和偏执因子分值与全军常模比较,差异显著(P<0.05)。结论:新兵集训期间的心理健康状况值得关注。     

急性高原病患者心理状况评定

目的：了解急性轻型高原病患者的心理状态和行为改变,为患者心理卫生保健提供依据;方法：应用症状成千上万 评量表（SCL-90）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）、焦虑自评量表（SAS）对患者的心理状况进行了测评,并与同海拔高度的高原健康人进行了对比;结果：急性高原病患者心理健康状况明显低于正常对照组,以上调查为急性高原病患者心理卫生保健工作提供了理论依据。     

银屑病患者生活质量和心理健康状况调查及其影响因素分析

目的 探讨银屑病患者生活质量和心理健康状况,为进行心理干预提供依据.方法 对2019年1—12月在解放军总医院第三医学中心皮肤科就诊的银屑病患者,采用中文版皮肤病生活质量指数调查表(dermatology life quality index,DLQI)评估银屑病患者的生活质量,采用焦虑自评量表(self-rating...     

Depression late after combat: a follow-up of Finnish World War Two veterans from the seven countries east-west cohort

An analysis from the Finnish East and West Cohort of the Seven Countries Study tested the hypothesis that front line service during modern warfare is associated with depression later in life. World War Two-era Finnish combat veterans were compared to Finnish veterans who were non-combatants. Both groups were followed from 1959 to 1984. Dependent variables were the Zung depression scale and other measures of psychosocial adaptation and mental health. Analysis of variance of Zung scores by combat exposure was close to statistical significance (p = 0.0501). Even if statistical significance had been reached, it is felt that the absolute magnitude of the differences between the populations appear quite trivial. A significant association was found for those who had participated in over nine battles and when grouping depression, sleeplessness, paranoia, hallucinations, schizophrenia, and other mental illness into the general category of any mental illness (O.R. = 4.414; 95% C.I. = 1.113, 17.503). This seems to support the residual stress hypothesis pertaining to modern combat exposure.     

Post-traumatic stress disorder and depression in health care providers returning from deployment to Iraq and Afghanistan

OBJECTIVE: This study examines risk factors for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and mental health care use among health care workers deployed to combat settings. METHODS: Anonymous surveys were administered to previously deployed workers at a military hospital. PTSD and depression were assessed by using the PTSD Checklist and the Patient Health Questionnaire depression scale, respectively. Deployment exposures and perceived threats during deployment were also assessed. RESULTS: There were 102 respondents (36% response rate). Nine percent (n=9) met the criteria for PTSD and 5% (n=5) met the criteria for depression. Direct and perceived threats of personal harm were risk factors for PTSD; exposure to wounded or dead patients did not increase risk. Those who met the criteria for PTSD were more likely to seek mental health care after but not before their deployment. CONCLUSIONS: For health care workers returning from a warfare environment, threat of personal harm may be the most predictive factor in determining those with subsequent PTSD.     

舟曲泥石流灾后30天救援官兵心理及干预状况调查

目的了解参加舟曲泥石流救援30天后官兵心理健康状况及心理干预的效果。方法应用症状自评量表对参加救援30天后的750名官兵进行测评,并给予相应的心理干预。结果 SCL-90总分≥160分为14人,占11.29%;SCL-90表中重度症状前四类为睡眠与饮食、抑郁、焦虑和人际敏感;心理干预后,人际敏感、偏执等因子明显低于地方常模(P<0.05或P<0.01),躯体化、抑郁、焦虑和睡眠与饮食等与干预前有显著差异(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论参加舟曲泥石流救援30天后的官兵心理健康状况良好,有针对性的心理干预效果明显。     

Diagnostic status and treatment recommendations for Persian Gulf War Veterans with multiple nonspecific symptoms.

BACKGROUND: Unexplained symptoms have frequently been observed in deployed Persian Gulf War veterans (GWVs). Using factor analysis, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has established criteria for Gulf War illness (GWI). We report here on the prevalence of GWI, identify comorbidities, and compare these with those of veterans without GWI. METHODS: GWVs who consented to complete questionnaires and laboratory measures were given complete physical and mental health examinations. Outcome measures included CDC criteria for GWI, the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36 (SF-36), clinical and laboratory evaluations, and structured psychiatric interviews. RESULTS: One hundred twenty GWVs were enrolled, and 89 received complete physical and mental health examinations; 83% met CDC criteria for GWI. Veterans with GWI (1) were older, (2) reported more combat exposure, (3) scored higher on measures of depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, and fibromyalgia, and (4) had poorer health-related quality of life. More than half had anxiety or depressive disorders, and 93% had at least one medical and/or psychiatric diagnosis. The SF-36 predicted mental health status with a positive predictive value of 81.58. By adding the Hamilton D rating for depression, the positive predictive value increased to 88.57. INTERPRETATION: The CDC criteria accurately identified GWVs negative for GWI. Most GWVs were positive for GWI. Neither CDC criteria nor CDC severity rankings distinguish between veterans with psychiatric syndromes and those without: both groups endorsed the same symptoms. More than half of those with GWI had a treatable anxiety or depressive disorder. The SF-36 was a valid predictor of mental health status, particularly when paired with the Hamilton depression interview.     

我国驻北方某炮兵部队战士生存质量研究

目的了解我国北方炮兵战士生存质量。方法分别采用简明健康调查量表和Zung抑郁自测量表对我国驻北方某炮兵部队120名战士进行调查,并对新老战士生存质量及抑郁评分进行对照研究。结果 (1)炮兵战士平均年龄(20.62±1.74)岁,均为男性;总体生存质量评分为(646.14±109.16)分,其中60.9%的战士生存质量良好;(2)老战士与新战士生存质量评分分别为(675.863±72.002)分、(619.826±128.695)分,(P=0.004);其中,老战士生理职能、总体健康维度评分较新战士明显增高,18%的新战士生存质量差,明显高于老战士(0%,P<0.05),55.7%的新战士生存质量良好,明显低于老战士(66.7%,P<0.05);(3)炮兵战士抑郁评分为(33.77±8.37)分,16.5%的战士存在轻度抑郁,8.7%的战士存在中度抑郁。其中,新老战士抑郁评分及抑郁百分比无差异(P>0.05),但老战士中发生轻度抑郁者占22.2%(P<0.05),中度占5.6%(P<0.05),新战士中,轻度和中度各占11.5%。结论 (1)总体炮兵战士生存质量良好,老战士优于新入伍战士,以生理职能和总体健康维度明显;(2)25.2%的炮兵战士存在抑郁,老战士抑郁主要与躯体疼痛和精神健康相关,新战士则不仅与精神健康,而且也与生理健康各维度相关;(3)长期规律的体能训练和军营的规律生活有助于提高战士的生存质量,但无论是对新入伍的战士还是老战士,均应合理安排训练计划,加强心理疏导。     

汶川地震伤员灾后心理障碍调查研究

目的探讨地震灾后60天住院伤员心理障碍及对策。方法采用Zung编制的焦虑自评量表(self-rating depression scale,SDS)和抑郁自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)对48例住院伤员进行调查,分析焦虑和抑郁情绪状况及相关影响因素。结果灾区伤员焦虑得分(标准分)为41.56±5.38,抑郁得分(标准分)为55.21±10.15,二者均显著高于全国常模(33.80,41.88P0.01)。症状分级为:轻度焦虑2例,轻度抑郁20例,中度抑郁14例;青年组的焦虑(P0.01)和抑郁(P0.05)均值显著高于成年组;截肢组的抑郁均值显著高于非截肢组(P0.05)。不同性别、职业和文化程度伤员的焦虑、抑郁均值无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论地震后60天伤员的焦虑和抑郁仍然严重,尤其是青年伤员和截肢伤者,因此有必要对地震伤员的心理健康状况进行长期跟踪,并对焦虑及抑郁情绪严重者进行心理干预。     

Mental health status in veterans residing in rural versus non-rural areas:results from the veterans'health study

Background:The majority of Veterans Affair(VA)hospitals are in urban areas.We examined whether veterans residing in rural areas have lower mental health service use and poorer mental health status.Methods:Veterans with at least 1 warzone deployment in central and northeastern Pennsylvania were randomly selected for an interview.Mental health status,including posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD),major depression,alcohol abuse and mental health global severity,were assessed using structured interviews.Psychiatric service use was based on self-reported utilization in the past 12 months.Results were compared between veterans residing in rural and non-rural areas.Data were also analyzed using multivariate logistic regression to minimize the influence by confounding factors.Results:A total of 1730 subjects(55％of the eligible veterans)responded to the survey and 1692 of them had complete geocode information.Those that did not have this information(n=38),were excluded from some analyses.Veterans residing in rural areas were older,more often of the white race,married,and experienced fewer stressful events.In comparison to those residing in non-rural areas,veterans residing in rural areas had lower global mental health severity scores;they also had fewer mental health visits.In multivariate logistic regression,rural residence was associated with lower service use,but not with PTSD,major depression,alcohol abuse,and global mental health severity score after adjusting confounding factors(e.g.,age,gender,marital status and education).Conclusions:Rural residence is associated with lower mental health service use,but not with poor mental health in veterans with former warzone deployment,suggesting rural residence is possibly protective.     

The relationships between physical activity,health status and psychological well-being of fertility-aged women

The purpose of this investigation was to measure the association between leisure time physical activity and health status, mental health and depression. The participants were women aged 18-45. The data were collected using questionnaires that were mailed to 1200 women. The response rate was 55%. The questionnaire contained three instruments: the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), the Health Questionnaire for Adults, and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The results showed that 52.8% of the sample were physically inactive. Physically active women experienced better mental health (P < 0.05), less depression (P < 0.05) and they had better general health status (P < 0.005). Differences in the emotional state (GHQ score) and depression (BDI score) between active (participating in exercise 3 or 1-2 times a week) and inactive women were significant (P < 0.05). Even a low level of physical activity (1-2 times per week) was positively related to women's mental health (P < 0.05).