泡桐属中黄酮类化合物的研究进展

通过对大量的相关文献阅读整理,对泡桐属植物中的黄酮类化合物及其药理活性的研究进展进行了全面的总结,以便对泡桐属植物进行更为有效的开发利用。     

凌霄花的本草考证

凌霄花 ,原名“紫葳” ,始载于《神农本草经》 ,列为中品[1] ;属少常用中药 ,具有凉血、化瘀、祛风的功效 ;主治月经不调、经闭症瘕、产后乳肿、皮肤瘙痒、痤疮等病症[2 ] 。凌霄花来源清楚 ,正品为紫葳科 (Ｂｉｇｎｏｎｉａｃｅａｅ)植物凌霄的干燥花。《中华人民共和国药典》1985年版将同属植物美凌霄作为凌霄花的来源之一予以收载。安徽、山东、湖南、湖北、河南、陕西、内蒙、广西等省区曾以玄参科泡桐属植物白花泡桐Ｐａｕｌｏｗｎ ｉａｆｏｒｔｕｎｅｉ(Ｓｅｅｍ .)Ｈｅｍｓｌ.和毛泡桐Ｐ .ｔｏｍｅｎｔｏｓａ(Ｔｈｕｎｂ .)Ｓｔｅｕ…     

几种植物杀灭蚊幼效果观察

我地区1975年因地制宜的选择生长较多的植物泡桐、青杆蓖麻、红杆蓖麻、楝树、毛桃食桃、宽蓼、细蓼,用鲜叶水浸剂作灭蚊幼效果的初筛和复筛实验观察。并将实验室毒效较好的泡桐等4种鲜叶投入现场灭蚊幼,结果如下:一、方法(一)实验室试验:1.试验浓度分2.5%及5%两种,即每种鲜叶分5克、10克两种,切碎放入碗内,加入清水200毫升,浸泡24小时后过滤,即     

HPLC测定不同产地白花泡桐中熊果酸和木犀草素的含量

比较不同产地白花泡桐叶中熊果酸和木犀草素含量。采用Shim-Pack C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm)经HPLC法测定含量。测定熊果酸的流动相为甲醇-水-乙酸(85∶15∶0.5),体积流量为1.0 mL/min,检测波长210 nm;测定木犀草素的流动相为甲醇-水-乙酸(60∶39∶1),体积流量为1.0 mL/min,检测波长350 nm。结果:熊果酸在1~15μg范围内线性关系良好,回归方程为Y=0.021X+0.052,r=0.999 6,平均回收率为98.3%;木犀草素在0.01~0.09μg范围内线性关系良好,回归方程为Y=0.001 7X+0.002 2,r=0.999 1,平均回收率为98.7%。结果显示,宏成制药4号基地白花泡桐叶中熊果酸和木犀草素含量分别为6.57 mg/g和25.5μg/g,显著高于其他地区的样品。本研究结果可为白花泡桐药材质量标准的建立提供实验依据。     

凌霄花及其混淆品的鉴别

凌霄花为紫葳科凌霄属植物Campsisgrandi－iflora（Thund）Loisel．exK．Schum．［C．chinensisVoss．］的花及根，具有活血破瘀通经的功效。近年来在部分地区曾发现有用玄参科泡桐属植物泡桐[Paulowniafortunei（Seem）Hemsel．]的花及锦葵科木槿属植物木槿［HibiscussyriacusL．]的花充凌霄花用。因两者与凌霄花有不同的功效，为防止与正品凌霄花药材相混淆，笔者对凌霄花及其混淆品泡桐花、木槿花进行了比较鉴别。一、药材性状比较（一）凌霄花皱缩，长条状，完整花长4～6cm。花萼钟状，暗棕色或棕色，长约2cm，先端5深裂，裂片三角…     

西南猫尾基皮的醌类成分

作者等于1978年首次从紫葳科西南猫尾树(Mar-khamia stipulata Wall.即 Dolchandrone stipu-lata Benth)心材中提取醌类成分、泡桐素(Paulown-in)和棕榈酮。经试验其茎皮的醇粗提物 LD_(50)>1000mg/kg,对猫(50mg/Kg)呈现中度的降压作用,并有抗     

豫西地产药材购销现状

四月份的豫西大地，春暖花开，桃树、苹果、泡桐、刺瑰等相继开花，气温一天比一天高，四月初最高气温突破摄氏20度，中旬上升为25度，下旬有几天超过30度。本月干旱少雨，风大沙尘暴多，只有22日和25日部分地区下了小阵雨，但对于饥渴的大地来说，只能算是湿     

牡荆子化学成分研究

目的 研究牡荆属植物牡荆Vitex negundo L. var. cannabifolia果实的化学成分。方法 采用反复硅胶柱层析、MCI、凝胶柱层析、制备液相色谱法及重结晶等方法,对牡荆子提取物进行分离纯化,根据波谱数据结合理化性质解析所得化合物的结构。结果 共分离鉴定22个化合物,从牡荆子石油醚部位分离、鉴定5个化合物,从二氯甲烷部位分离、鉴定17个化合物。其中,8个木脂素类化合物,4个二萜类化合物,1个三萜类化合物,6个黄酮类化合物,3个酚酸类化合物。结论 4β-羟基泡桐素、和厚朴酚与无羁萜为首次从该植物中分离得到。5,7,2",5"-四羟基黄酮为首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

新到资料目录索引选

12967 天竹黄形成原因及人工结天竹 黄试验初步研究 广东省植物研究所12977/1一2 美国心血管病学者来华技术座谈部分情况天津市医药科学技术情报站印73.712968 复方灵芝固本治疗慢性气管炎的疗效观察及其 作用机制探讨 福建省革委会卫生局73.6.12979 发酵正构液腊制取甘油的初步报告(山东农学 院科研资料选编) 山东农学院教革部生产科研组73 .n.12969 泡桐治疗慢性气管炎的研究 山东省革委会卫生局 防治慢性气管炎办公室12980 水肿的病因与治疗 天津市医药科学技术情报站12970/1一2 获术挥发油抗肿瘤研究资料 山东省中医药研究所12981/1一3 …     

高效液相色谱法测定毛泡桐花中麦角甾苷（毛蕊花糖苷）的含量

目的:建立毛泡桐花中麦角甾苷(毛蕊花糖苷)的高效液相色谱分析方法。方法:采用Kromasil C18色谱柱(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),以乙腈-1％冰醋酸溶液(20:80)为流动相,流速1.0 mL·min-1,检测波长331mm,在10 min内分离检测该化合物。结果:麦角甾苷在0.006-10μg范围内呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9999),最低检出限0.002μg(S/N=3);日内和日间精密度RSD分别为0.6％和2.9％(n=5);加样回收率为95.8％-103.1％。结论:所建立的方法简便、快速、准确,可用于毛泡桐花的质量控制,并为泡桐属其它植物中苯丙素苷类化合物的分离分析提供一定的参考。     

Phenolic glycosides of Paulownia tomentosa bark

The isolation of acteoside and coniferin from Paulownia tomentosa bark along with the previously reported phenolic glucoside syringin is described. The structure of both, acteoside and coniferin, have been assigned by (1)H- and (13)C-NMR spectroscopy.     

Phenolic Glycosides of Paulownia tomentosa Bark.

The isolation of acteoside and coniferin from Paulownia tomentosa bark along with the previously reported phenolic glucoside syringin is described. The structure of both, acteoside and coniferin, have been assigned by (1)H- and (13)C-NMR spectroscopy.     

Antibacterial phenylpropanoid glycosides fromPaulownia tomentosa Steud

The butanol extract of Paulownia tomentosa stem showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (SG511, 285 and 503), Streptococcus pyogenes (A308 and A77) and Streptococcus faecium MD8b etc. The most active compound of the extract was identified to be campneoside I, which had a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 150 micrograms/ml against Streptococcus and Staphylococcus species. From such antibacterial activity, the methoxy group of campneoside I was postulated to be the essential element for the antibacterial activity.     

Inhibition of aldose reductase by phenylethanoid glycoside isolated from the seeds of Paulownia coreana

Aldose reductase (AR) inhibitors have considerable therapeutic potential against diabetic complications and do not increase the risk of hypoglycemia. Through bioassay-guided fractionation of the 70% acetone extract obtained from Paulownia coreana seeds, phenylpropanoid glycosides (compounds 1-4) and 5 phenolic compounds were isolated (compounds 5-9). Their structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic analysis and comparison with reported data. All the isolates were subjected to in vitro bioassays to evaluate their inhibitory activities against recombinant human aldose reductase (rhAR) and sorbitol formation in human erythrocytes. Phenylethanoid glycosides showed more effective than the phenolic compounds in inhibiting rhAR. Among the compounds, isocampneoside II (3) was found to significantly inhibit rhAR with an IC(50) value of 9.72 μM. In kinetic analyses performed using Lineweaver-Burk plots of 1/velocity and 1/concentration of substrate, isocampneoside II (3) showed uncompetitive inhibition against rhAR. Furthermore, it inhibited sorbitol formation in a rat lens incubated with a high concentration of glucose; this finding indicated that isocampneoside II (3) may effectively prevent osmotic stress in hyperglycemia. Thus, the P. coreana-derived phenylethanoid glycoside isocampneoside II (3) may have a potential therapeutics against diabetic complications.     

Constituents ofPaulownia tomentosa stem (III): The crystal structure of methyl 5-hydroxy-dinaphtho [1,2-2′,3′] furan-7, 12-dione-6-carboxylate

The molecular structure of a natural compound was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The compound was isolated by methanol extraction and repeated chromatography from the stem ofPaulownia tomentosa. Yellow prismatic crystals of the compound, which were recrystallized from tetrahydrofuran, are triclinic, witha=7.310(6),b=10.753(6),c=11.586(5) Å, α=93.30(6), β=105.62(10), γ=109.49(7)°,D _x =1.514,D _m =1.51 g/cm³, space group \(P\bar 1\) andZ=2. The structure was solved by direct method, and refined by least-squares procedure to the finalR-value of 0.032 for 1271 independent reflections (F≤3σ(F)). The compound is one of new furanquinone analogue. The molecule has a nearly planar conformation with an intramolecular hydrogen bond. In the crystal, the planar molecules are arranged as a parallel sheet-like pattern, and these stackings are stabilized by the O-H…O type intermolecular hydrogen bonds. The other intermolecular contacts appear to be the normalvan der Waals interactions.     

Geranylated flavanone tomentodiplacone B inhibits proliferation of human monocytic leukaemia (THP-1) cells

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE

Paulownia tomentosa is a rich source of geranylated flavanones, some of which we have previously shown to have cytotoxic activity. To identify members of this class of compounds with cytostatic effects, we assessed the effects of the geranylated flavanone tomentodiplacone B (TOM B) on cell cycle progression and cell cycle regulatory pathways of THP-1 human monocytic leukaemia cells.

EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH

Cell viability was measured by dye exclusion and proliferation by WST-1 assays; cell cycle was monitored by flow cytometry. Regulatory proteins were assessed by immunoprecipitation and kinase assays, and Western blotting.

KEY RESULTS

Tomentodiplacone B had no effect during the first 24 h of cell growth at concentrations between 1 and 2.5 µM, but inhibited cell growth in a dose-dependent manner at concentrations of 5 µM or higher. Growth inhibition during the first 24 h of exposure to TOM B was not accompanied by cytotoxicity as cells were accumulated in G1 phase dose-dependently. This G1 phase accumulation was associated with down-regulation of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 activity and also protein levels of cyclins E1 and A2. However, key stress-related molecules (γ-H2AX, p53 and p21) were not induced, suggesting that TOM B acts by directly inhibiting the cyclin-dependent kinase 2 signalling pathway rather than initiating DNA damage or cellular stress.

CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS

Our study provides the first evidence that TOM B directly inhibits proliferation of human monocytic leukaemia cells, and thus is a potential anticancer agent, preventing leukaemia cells from progressing from G1 phase into DNA synthesis.     

Physiological response of Cu and Cu mine tailing remediation of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Paulownia fortunei</Emphasis> (Seem) Hemsl

The physiological responses and Cu accumulation of Paulownia fortunei (Seem) Hemsl. were studied under 15.7–157 μmol L⁻¹ Cu treatments in liquid culture for 14 days; the impacts of Cu concentration in the seedlings were evaluated under Cu mine tailing culture with acetic acid and EDTA treatment for 60 days. Results showed that the concentrations of Chl-a, Chl-b and Carotenoids significantly increased (p < 0.05) at 15.7–78.7 μmol L⁻¹Cu treatment and significantly decreased at 157 μmol L⁻¹ treatment after 14 days of Cu exposure. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) significantly increased as Cu levels were enhanced and the activities of both SOD and CAT under 157 μmol L⁻¹ Cu stress were 2.9 and 1.9 times higher than that of control, respectively. The concentrations of proline and soluble sugars in the leaves of P. fortunei significantly increased as the Cu concentrations were elevated. Cu concentrations in roots, stems and leaves of P. fortunei increased significantly as Cu levels increased and reached 1911, 101 and 93 μg g⁻¹ dry weights (DW) at 157 μmol L⁻¹ Cu treatment, respectively. The seedlings of P. fortunei cultivated in Cu tailing experienced unsuccessful growth and loss of leaves in all treatments due to poor nutrition of the Cu tailing. The dry weight of P. fortunei increased under all the treatments of acetic acid after 60 days exposure. However, dry weight significantly decreased under both levels of EDTA. The Cu concentrations increased significantly in roots and decreased in leaves when each was treated with both concentrations of acetic acid. The Cu concentrations in the roots, stems and leaves increased significantly, and the concentrations of Cu in the stems and leaves under the treatment of 2 μmol L⁻¹ EDTA reached 189.5 and 763.1 μg g⁻¹ DW, respectively. The result indicated that SOD, CAT, proline and soluble sugars played an important role in coping with the oxidative stress of copper. Acetic acid could promote growth and EDTA at the experimental levels, which could also enhance Cu absorption and translocation into the stems and leaves of P. fortune. Furthermore, acetic acid and EDTA could be rationally utilized in Cu-contaminated soil.     

基于HMGR、SQS1、β-AS基因CNVs的甘草道地性机制研究

本文利用real-time PCR方法对不同产地甘草的3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰CoA还原酶 (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase, HMGR)、鲨稀合成酶1 (squalene synthetase 1, SQS1)、β-香树脂醇合成酶 (β-amyrin synthase, β-AS) 基因的拷贝数进行了研究, 发现不同产地的HMGR基因存在1～3个拷贝数变异, SQS1基因存在1～2个拷贝数变异, 未发现β-AS基因拷贝数变异。甘草HMGR、SQS1、β-AS基因拷贝数存在5种自然组合类型: A型 (2+1+1)、B型 (1+1+1)、C型 (3+2+1)、D型 (2+2+1) 和E型 (3+1+1), 其中内蒙古杭锦旗甘草存在A、B两种类型, A与B的比例为1∶1.3; 内蒙古赤峰甘草也存在A、B两种类型, 但A与B比例为3∶1; 宁夏盐池甘草存在A、B、C、D 4种类型, A/B/C/D比例为1∶5.1∶1∶2, A/B比例为1∶5.1; 甘肃民勤甘草存在A、B、E 3种类型, A/B/E比例为4.1∶2.1∶1, A/B比例为2∶1。本研究证明中药功能基因基因组拷贝数变异 (copy number variations, CNVs) 与产地具有相关性, 可能是道地药材形成的机制之一。     

氧化苦参碱防治高血糖、高血脂症及其并发症的药理作用及机制研究进展

氧化苦参碱可防治高糖、高脂引起的心血管并发症，脂肪肝并发症，糖尿病视网膜病变，糖尿病肾病以及肺、骨并发症。氧化苦参碱防治这些并发症的药理机制可能归因于：降血糖、调血脂及抗氧化作用，从源头上减少了氧化型低密度脂蛋白和糖基化终末产物的生成；抗氧化、抗炎和细胞保护作用可保护肝脏，促进肝糖原合成，在脂质转运、氧化和合成3个环节改善脂质代谢紊乱，产生降血糖、调血脂作用，也可保护受累的心血管系统、肾脏、肝脏、视网膜、肺和骨等其他器官，减轻胰岛素抵抗，提高胰岛素敏感性。因此氧化苦参碱有望开发为治疗代谢综合征的药物。     

Some phytochemical, pharmacological and toxicological properties of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe): a review of recent research.

Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Zingiberacae) is a medicinal plant that has been widely used in Chinese, Ayurvedic and Tibb-Unani herbal medicines all over the world, since antiquity, for a wide array of unrelated ailments that include arthritis, rheumatism, sprains, muscular aches, pains, sore throats, cramps, constipation, indigestion, vomiting, hypertension, dementia, fever, infectious diseases and helminthiasis. Currently, there is a renewed interest in ginger, and several scientific investigations aimed at isolation and identification of active constituents of ginger, scientific verification of its pharmacological actions and of its constituents, and verification of the basis of the use of ginger in some of several diseases and conditions. This article aims at reviewing the most salient recent reports on these investigations. The main pharmacological actions of ginger and compounds isolated therefrom include immuno-modulatory, anti-tumorigenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-hyperglycemic, anti-lipidemic and anti-emetic actions. Ginger is a strong anti-oxidant substance and may either mitigate or prevent generation of free radicals. It is considered a safe herbal medicine with only few and insignificant adverse/side effects. More studies are required in animals and humans on the kinetics of ginger and its constituents and on the effects of their consumption over a long period of time.