急性冠脉综合征患者外周血MMP-9及CRP的变化及其临床意义

目的观察急性冠脉综合征（ACS）患者外周血中基质金属蛋白酶-9（m atrix m etalloproteases-9,MMP-9）及C反应蛋白（CRP）的水平变化,探讨MMP-9、CRP与ACS发生的关系。方法选取ACS患者39例,采用双抗体夹心ELISA测定血清MMP-9的水平,CRP用免疫散射比浊法检测。结果ACS患者入院即刻血浆MMP-9、CRP水平均显著高于对照组[（66±16）vs（24±11）μg/L,P<0.01;（12.3±9.2）vs（3.5±2.0）mg/L,P<0.01]。ACS组内UA亚组与AM I亚组比较,MMP-9水平显著增高[（78±11）vs（50±14）μg/L,P<0.01],而CRP水平显著下降[（7.2±2.2）vs（18.7±10.7）mg/L,P<0.01]。ACS组患者中MMP-9和CRP水平无明显相关性。结论冠心病患者外周血MMP-9、CRP水平升高。ACS患者中MMP-9和CRP水平无明显相关性。     

2型糖尿病合并大血管病变患者的血清瘦素水平和临床意义

目的 探讨2型糖尿病合并大血管病变患者的血清瘦素水平及其临床意义.方法 采用酶联免疫吸附法测定健康对照组、2型糖尿病合并大血管病变组和2型糖尿病未合并大血管病变组患者的血清瘦素水平.结果 2型糖尿病合并大血管病变组患者的瘦素水平显著高于未合并大血管病变组[(10.12 ±3.44)μg/L比(7.99 ±3.18) μg/L,P＜0.05]和对照组[(10.12±3.44)μg/L比(6.04±1.86) μg/L,P＜0.01].结论 2型糖尿病合并大血管病变的患者血清瘦素水平明显升高,瘦素与糖尿病大血管病变密切相关.     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并急性肺栓塞患者PGI_2及D-二聚体变化观察

目的观察慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重(AECOPD)及慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并急性肺血栓栓塞(COPD with PTE)患者前列环素(PGI2)及D-二聚体(D-D)变化,了解其对肺栓塞的诊断价值。方法 40例AECOPD患者,40例COPD合并PTE患者,40例对照者来自2012年9月~2014年12月南阳市第二人民医院。结果 COPD合并PTE组D-D、纤维蛋白原(FIB)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)[(618±198μg/L)、(513±147mg/dL)、(69±49U/L)]明显高于AECOPD[(500±271μg/L)、(423±144mg/dL)、(55±37U/L)]和正常对照组[(241±113μg/L)、(303±85mg/dL)、(35±20U/L)](P0.05)而COPD合并PTE组前列环素(PGI2)(74.2±19.2μg/L)明显低于AECOPD(85.5±24.3μg/L)和正常对照组(108.6±17.1μg/L)(P0.05),当PGI2诊断临界值为敏度为80.0%,特异度为69.3%。当D-D诊断临界值为550ug/L时,COPD合并PTE诊断灵敏度为80.8%,特异度为76.7%。结论 COPD合并PTE患者血清PGI2明显降低、DD、FIB明显升高。COPD患者血清PGI2明显降低、D-D、FIB明显升高常提示COPD合并PTE可能。     

糖尿病肾病患者同型半胱氨酸水平测定

目的探讨血清同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）与糖尿病肾病（DN）的关系。方法用全自动生化分析仪测定40例DN患者的血清Hcy水平,同时测定血／尿葡萄糖（GLU）及尿β2微球蛋白浓度,观察血清Hcy变化及各生化指标变化的相关性。结果 DN患者血清Hcy水平明显升高[（26.43±10.54）μmol/L]与正常对照组[（9.56±4.69）μmol/L]相比差异有统计意义（t′=9.034,P〈0.05）,异常检出率为100%;尿糖阳性组血清Hcy水平明显高于尿糖阴性组,差异有统计意义（t=6.432,P〈0.01）;且DN患者血清Hcy与血β2微球蛋白浓度呈正相关。结论血清Hcy与2型DN有关,高血清Hcy血压症可能是2型DN一个危险因子。     

同型半胱氨酸与超敏C反应蛋白在糖尿病肾病患者中的意义研究

目的 探讨糖尿病肾病患者血清同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）,超敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）检测的临床意义.方法 应用化学发光法、散射浊度法分别测定56例2型糖尿病肾病患者Hcy与Hs-CRP水平,另取30例正常人为对照组,进行t检验及线性相关分析.结果 2型糖尿病肾病组Hcy、Hs-CRP水平[分别为（20.9±5.8）μmol/L,（12.4±6.8）mg/L]明显高于对照组[分别为（8.1±4.2） μmol/L,（2.4±0.9）mg/L].从相关分析看,两组患者Hcy,hs-CRP浓度随着尿素氮、肌酐浓度的增高而增高.结论 2型糖尿病肾病患者普遍存在高Hcy血症,hs-CRP也明显升高,这几项指标的检测有助于判断患者病情的变化.     

COPD 患者血清合肽素测定的临床意义简

目的 探讨血清合肽素测定对于COPD患者的临床意义.方法 测定COPD患者治疗前后及对照组的血清合肽素（copeptin）、白介素-6（IL-6）,比较二组相关数值的差异.结果 治疗前COPD患者的血清合肽素A组（0.94±0.17）ug/L明显高于B组（0.39±0.04）μg/L及对照组（0.07±0.03）μg/L,治疗后A组、B组COPD患者血清合肽素均较治疗前显著降低,分别为（0.17±0.03）和（0.11±0.03）μg/L.治疗后COPD患者血清IL-6与治疗前相比,明显下降.结论 COPD患者血清合肽素的检测可作为判断疗效的一项指标.     

血清脂联素和抵抗素与2型糖尿病及其大血管病变相关

测定2型糖尿病患者血清脂联素和抵抗素水平,发现2型糖尿病组血清脂联素浓度(2.51±1.42)mg/L低于正常对照组(5.26±0.78)mg/L,2型糖尿病大血管病变组为(1.38±0.77)mg/L又低于非大血管病变组(3.66±0.91)mg/L,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.01).2型糖尿病组血清抵抗素浓度(7.07±1.11)μg/L高于正常对照组(6.09±0.47)μg/L,2型糖尿病大血管病变组为(7.96±0.65)μg/L又高于非大血管病变组(6.10±0.43)μg/L,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.01).     

酒精性肝病患者血清铁蛋白和血清铁检测的意义

目的探讨检测血清铁和血清铁蛋白水平对诊断酒精性肝病（ALD）患者的意义。方法在61例慢性乙型肝炎（CHB）、34例CHB合并ALD、75例ALD和30例正常人,采用放射免疫法检测血清铁蛋白;使用全自动生化分析仪测定血清铁;采用微粒子发光法检测血清乙型肝炎病毒标记物。结果 CHB/ALD和ALD患者血清铁分别为8.04±4.38μmol/L和9.41±3.59μmol/L,血清铁蛋白水平分别为267.54±42.12μg/L和276.16±61.14μg/L,与CHB和正常人比,差异显著（P〈0.05）;酒精性肝炎和肝硬化患者血清铁和铁蛋白水平与酒精性脂肪肝患者比,差异也有显著性意义（P〈0.001）。结论 ALD患者存在明显的铁代谢异常。     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者血清维生素A和视黄醇结合蛋白-4水平及其与营养状况的关系

目的 探讨COPD患者血清维生素A和视黄醇结合蛋白-4(RBP_4)水平及其与营养状况的关系.方法 2006年9月至2007年9月在中国医科大学附属第一医院门诊随访的110例COPD稳定期患者为COPD组,同期90例健康体检者为对照组,采用高效液相色谱法测定所有研究对象的血清维生素A水平,采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测COPD组中62例和对照组中20例的血清RBP_4水平.计数资料采用X~2检验,两组间均数比较采用t检验,多组间比较采用单因素方差分析及SNK-q检验,影响因素分析采用直线相关和多元逐步回归分析.结果 COPD组血清维生素A和RBP_4水平分别为(275±11)μg/L和(7.4±2.6)mg/L,明显低于对照组的(338±13)μg/L和(11.4±4.1)mg/L;COPD营养不良组血清维生素A和RBP_4水平分别为(246±18)μg/L和(6.4±1.0)mg/L,明显低于COPD营养正常组的(290±14)μg/L和(8.2±3.2)mg/L.COPD患者血清维生素A和RBP_4水平均与体重指数和上臂围呈显著正相关(r值为0.210～0.469,均P<0.05和P<0.01).体重指数和上臂围是COPD)患者血清维生素A的独立影响因素.结论 COPD稳定期患者血清维生素A和RBP_4水平均明显降低,营养状况是其主要影响因素.     

CRP及AHSG在急性闭角型青光眼合并2型糖尿病患者急性发作期血清中的变化

目的:探讨急性闭角型青光眼合并2型糖尿病患者急性发作期血清中C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)及胎球蛋白A(fetuin-A/AHSG)浓度的变化.方法:选取2014-02/2016-02 37例45眼原发急性闭角型青光眼合并2型糖尿病患者急性发作期患者作为研究对象(A组),同期选取21例25眼无并发全身疾病的原发性急性闭角型青光眼急性发作期患者作为对照组(B组)和空腹糖耐量正常/无糖尿病家族史/双眼眼底检查正常的健康体检者15例为正常对照组.分别采用采用酶联免疫吸附、散射比浊法检测血清中CRP及AHSG浓度.结果:A组(原发急性闭角型青光眼合并2型糖尿病患者急性发作期患者)、B组(无并发全身疾病的原发性急性闭角型青光眼急性发作期患者)及C组(同期空腹糖耐量正常,无糖尿病家族史,双眼眼底检查正常的健康体检者)三组间血清中CRP及AHSG浓度比较均有统计学意义(P0.05).A组与B组CRP(9.51mg/L±3.21 mg/L vs 5.93 mg/L±0.87 mg/L)及AHSG浓度(376.33μg/m L±9.17μg/mL vs315.59μg/mL±10.75μg/mL)比较均有统计学意义(P0.05).A组、B组高于C组,同时,A组高于B组.结论:本研究首次提示CRP及AHSG与急性闭角型青光眼合并2型糖尿病患者急性发作期发生、发展有关,可作为评估急性闭角型青光眼合并2型糖尿病患者急性发作期病情严重程度的标志物.     

Serum visfatin in relation to visceral fat, obesity, and type 2 diabetes mellitus in Asian Indians

To investigate the role of the novel adipokine visfatin in type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity and to examine its association with visceral and subcutaneous fat in Asian Indians, who have increased susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease, 150 subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (75 men, 75 women) and 150 age- and sex-matched subjects with normal glucose tolerance were recruited from the Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiology Study, a population-based study done in Chennai, southern India. Anthropometric and biochemical measurements were done by using standardized techniques. Fasting serum visfatin levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Visceral and subcutaneous fat were measured by computerized tomography in a subset of 130 individuals. Serum visfatin levels were significantly higher in diabetic subjects compared with nondiabetic subjects (11.4+/-5.9 vs 9.8+/-4.3 ng/mL, P=.008). However, this association was lost when adjusted for body mass index (odds ratio [OR], 1.048; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.997-1.101; P=.067) or waist circumference (OR, 1.050; 95% CI, 0.999-1.104; P=.057). Serum visfatin showed a significant association with obesity even after adjusting for age, sex, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (OR, 1.060; 95% CI, 1.005-1.119; P=.033). Visceral fat, but not subcutaneous fat, was significantly associated with serum visfatin levels even after adjusting for age, sex, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and body mass index (P=.002). In Asian Indians, serum visfatin levels are associated with obesity and visceral fat but not with subcutaneous fat. Although visfatin levels are increased in type 2 diabetes mellitus, the association seems to be primarily through obesity.     

Serum Angiopoietin-2 and CRP Levels During COPD Exacerbations

Background and Objective: Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) is an important mediator of angiogenesis and has been implicated in many inflammatory diseases. COPD is characterized by systemic inflammation, which is enhanced during exacerbations and may be assessed by measuring serum C-reactive protein (CRP). The aim of the study was to evaluate serum CRP and Ang-2 levels on the first (D1) and seventh day (D7) of hospitalization due to a COPD exacerbation and to examine possible associations of CRP and Ang-2 levels and kinetics with the length of hospital stay and outcome. Methods: We conducted a prospective study and evaluated 90 patients admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of an acute exacerbation of COPD. A venous blood sample was obtained from all patients on D1 and D7 of hospitalization, for the measurement of Ang-2 and CRP. Results: Serum Ang-2 levels were significantly higher on D1 compared to D7 during the course of COPD exacerbation (p < 0.001). Serum CRP levels were also significantly higher on D1 compared to D7 (p < 0.001). Serum Ang-2 presented a significant positive correlation with CRP levels both on D1 and D7 (r = 0.315 and r = 0.228, respectively). Patients with unfavorable outcome had significantly higher Ang-2 levels both on D1 (p = 0.04) and D7 (p = 0.01). Conclusions: Serum Ang-2 levels are elevated at the onset of COPD exacerbations and are positively associated with CRP levels. Ang-2 levels decrease during the course of COPD exacerbations in patients with favorable outcome. Serum Ang-2 may serve as a biomarker that could predict the outcome of a COPD exacerbation.     

Circulating visfatin level is correlated with inflammation, but not with insulin resistance

OBJECTIVE: Recent studies, both in vitro and in vivo, have indicated that visfatin is one of the inflammatory cytokines, although the relationship between visfatin and insulin resistance remains inconclusive. Accordingly, we assessed the association between visfatin concentrations in serum and those of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP), known as markers of systemic inflammation, and also investigated the relationship between these serum concentrations and insulin resistance. DESIGN AND METHOD: A total of 295 Japanese Americans living in Hawaii (126 men and 169 women, mean age 68.7 +/- 14.9 years) were enrolled. The serum levels of visfatin, IL-6 and CRP levels were measured, and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated as a marker of insulin resistance. RESULTS: Significant positive correlations were found between serum levels of visfatin and IL-6 or CRP (r = 0.271, P < 0.001; r = 0.118, P < 0.05, respectively). Multiple regression analysis revealed that correlations between serum levels of visfatin and IL-6 or CRP remained significant after adjustments for age, sex, body mass index, per cent body fat and waist girth. There was no significant trend of the HOMA-IR for the tertiles of serum concentrations of visfatin. On the other hand, a significant trend towards increase of HOMA-IR with increasing tertile of serum concentrations, from the lowest to the highest, was observed for both IL-6 and CRP. The HOMA-IR in subjects with serum concentration of IL-6 or CRP in the highest or intermediate tertiles of IL-6 or CRP were significantly higher than that in subjects in the lowest tertile, even after adjustment for age and sex (IL-6: P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively; CRP: P < 0.001 and P < 0.01, respectively). CONCLUSION: Serum visfatin levels were positively correlated with the serum levels of IL-6 and slightly related with serum levels of CRP, but not with HOMA-IR, in Japanese Americans. Our results indicate that circulating visfatin may reflect inflammation status.     

不同糖耐量人群及糖尿病患者血浆内脂素与血糖及胰岛功能的关系研究

目的探讨不同糖耐量人群血浆内脂素的变化及其与体重指数(BMI)、腰围、血糖、胰岛素抵抗指数、胰岛B细胞功能、血脂等的关系。方法2006年4月至2006年10月在南京医科大学第一附属医院门诊常规健康体检及糖尿病初次就诊者95名,按WHO1999糖尿病诊断标准分为初诊2型糖尿病组(53例)、糖耐量减退组(7例)、正常糖耐量组(35名);以WHO1998肥胖诊断标准分为超重或肥胖组(50名)、正常体重组(45名)。检测受试者BMI、腰围、血压,测定空腹血浆内脂素、血糖、血脂、胰岛素等。结果初诊2型糖尿病患者空腹血浆内脂素明显高于正常糖耐量组(P<0.01)。超重或肥胖组与正常体重组间血浆内脂素差异无显著性意义。人群中血浆内脂素与空腹血糖(r=0.338,P<0.01)、餐后2h血糖(r=0.340,P<0.01)、胰岛素抵抗指数(r=0.227,P<0.05)呈正相关,与胰岛素分泌指数(HOMA-B)呈负相关(r=-0.296,P<0.05)。在2型糖尿病组,血浆内脂素与糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)呈正相关(r=0.356,P<0.01)。多元线性逐步回归分析表明,餐后2h血糖是影响血浆内脂素的独立相关因素。结论初诊2型糖尿病患者血浆内脂素显著升高,可能是机体针对体内血糖增高、胰岛功能受损所发生的一种代偿效应。     

C-反应蛋白与2型糖尿病大血管病变的相关性研究

目的 探讨C-反应蛋白(CRP)与糖尿病大血管病变发生的关系。方法 用ELISA方法测定2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者、无糖尿病的大血管病变患者以及正常对照组的CRP水平变化。结果 T2DM伴有或不伴有大血管并发症患者以及无糖尿病的大血管病变患者间血清cRP水平无显著差异；大血管病变患者血清cRP水平较非大血管病变者明显增高。结论 cRP在T2DM大血管病变的发生发展中具有致病作用。     

The value of C-reactive protein as a marker of systemic inflammation in stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

BACKGROUND: Systemic aspects of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) include oxidative stress and altered circulating levels of inflammatory mediators and acute-phase proteins. C-reactive protein (CRP) reflects total systemic burden of inflammation in several disorders and has been shown to upregulate the production of proinflammatory cytokines. The aim of this study was to evaluate circulating CRP levels to determine the value of CRP as a biomarker of systemic inflammation and as an indicator of malnutrition or severity of COPD in stable COPD patients in comparison to the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). METHODS: Thirty-five male patients with stable COPD and 30 age- and sex-matched subjects with normal pulmonary function were admitted to the study. Serum CRP levels were measured using a commercially available kit with the turbidimetric method. Serum TNF-alpha and IL-6 concentrations were measured with ELISA kits. RESULTS: Sixty percent of the patients had severe or very severe and 40% moderate COPD. Serum CRP was significantly higher in stable COPD patients than in control subjects (p<0.001), while TNF-alpha and IL-6 concentrations were not statistically different. Serum TNF-alpha was higher in severe or very severe COPD patients (p=0.046). When the COPD patients with a low BMI were compared to those with a normal-to-high BMI, there was a significant difference in CRP (p=0.034) and TNF-alpha (p=0.037). CONCLUSION: The present study confirms that circulating CRP levels are higher in stable COPD patients and may thus be regarded as a valid biomarker of low-grade systemic inflammation. In addition, CRP is significantly higher in COPD patients with a low BMI and thus, together with TNF-alpha, may be considered an indicator of malnutrition in COPD patients.     

Increased levels and adipose tissue expression of visfatin in morbidly obese women: the relationship with pro-inflammatory cytokines

Objective The controversial results on the physiopathological role of visfatin led us to examine both circulating visfatin levels and gene expression in visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous fat (SAT) in a homogeneous group of morbidly obese women. Design, patients and measurements We analysed circulating levels of several adipo/cytokines in 133 Spanish women: 40 lean (C) [body mass index (BMI) < 25 kg/m²] and 93 morbidly obese (MO) (BMI > 40 kg/m²). In the MO group, we found 31 diabetic and 62 nondiabetic subjects. We obtained follow‐up blood samples at 6 and 12 months after bariatric surgery from 30 MO patients. We determined the circulating levels of visfatin, adiponectin, interleukin‐6 (IL6), C‐reactive protein (CRP), resistin and tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNFα) by ELISA, and visfatin, adiponectin, IL6, resistin and TNFα gene expression in SAT and VAT by real‐time RT‐PCR. Results Circulating visfatin levels were higher in MO women compared with lean controls (C = 1·43 ± 0·14 μg/l, MO = 3·60 ± 0·29 μg/l, P < 0·001). After bariatric surgery‐induced weight loss, visfatin levels were reduced significantly over 12 months. Visfatin expression in SAT and VAT was similar, but significantly higher in MO compared to C and independent of the presence of diabetes mellitus. Circulating visfatin levels were positively related to IL6 and CRP levels. Visfatin gene expression in VAT and SAT was strongly related to IL6 and TNFα expression. Conclusion In a homogeneous cohort of morbidly obese women, our findings show that visfatin has a strong relationship with pro‐inflammatory factors in severe obesity.     

老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者血清瘦素水平与炎症及胰岛素抵抗的研究

目的分析老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者血清瘦素水平与C反应蛋白（CRP）、空腹血糖（FBG）、胰岛素抵抗及体质量指数（BMI）的关系。方法选取住院的老年COPD患者60例,按病程分为急性加重期和临床稳定期,在不同时期测定空腹血清瘦素、CRP、FBG、胰岛素（FINS）、动脉血氧分压（PaO2）,测量身高、体质量,计算BMI、胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）。选择同期健康老年人50例作为对照。结果 （1）COPD急性加重期血清瘦素、CRP、FBG、FINS、HOMA-IR均显著高于临床稳定期及对照组（P〈0.01）。（2）COPD临床稳定期FINS和HOMA-IR显著高于对照组（P〈0.05）。（3）各组中瘦素与FBG、FINS、HOMA-IR、BMI均呈显著正相关（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）;在急性加重期,瘦素还与CRP呈显著正相关（P〈0.01）,均衡FBG、FINS、HOMA-IR、BMI后进行偏相关分析,瘦素与CRP的相关性不再显著（P〉0.05）。结论老年COPD急性加重期患者血清瘦素、CRP水平升高并伴一定的胰岛素抵抗,瘦素与CRP、FBG、胰岛素抵抗及BMI存在一定的相关性,瘦素可能参与COPD急性加重期的炎症反应。     

老年重症肺炎患者血清内脂素变化的临床意义

目的探讨老年重症肺炎患者血清内脂素水平变化的临床意义。方法采用前瞻性研究,选择老年重症肺炎患者59例,老年非重症肺炎患者77例,及30例健康老年体检者作对照组。检测三组血清内脂素、TNF—α、CRP、白细胞介素6（IL-6）、白细胞介素8（IL-8）。老年重症肺炎和非重症肺炎组进行血气分析、APACHEⅡ评分。结果与对照组比较,老年重症肺炎组内脂素高于非重症肺炎组及对照组（P均〈0．01）,非重症肺炎组内脂素亦高于对照组（P〈0．01）。老年重症肺炎组中内脂素水平与TNF—α、CRP、IL-6、IL-8呈正相关俨〈0．05）,与PaO2、氧合指数呈负相关俨〈0．05）。结论老年重症肺炎患者血清内脂素升高,提示内脂素可能是一种促炎脂肪细胞因子,对于重症肺炎病情严重程度的判断具有一定的临床意义。     

Serum angiopoietin-2 levels are elevated during acute exacerbations of COPD

Background and objective: Recently, angiopoietin‐2 (Ang‐2) was identified as a ligand of the endothelial receptor tyrosine kinase, Tie‐2. Ang‐2 is an angiopoietin‐1 antagonist that plays a role in vascular destabilization and remodelling, which may increase in some diseases. However, serum Ang‐2 levels have not been evaluated in patients with COPD. In this study, we examined serum Ang‐2 concentrations in patients experiencing COPD exacerbations and in patients with stable COPD. Methods: Serum samples were obtained from 49 patients experiencing COPD exacerbations, 22 patients with stable COPD and 18 healthy control subjects. Serum Ang‐2 concentrations were measured by ELISA. Results: Serum Ang‐2 concentrations were significantly higher in patients with acute exacerbations of COPD than in those with stable COPD or control subjects, and were significantly positively correlated with serum CRP levels but inversely correlated with PaO₂ in patients with exacerbations. In addition, Ang‐2 levels decreased significantly after clinical recovery from the acute exacerbation. Conclusions: Serum Ang‐2 levels are significantly elevated during acute exacerbations of COPD, as compared with stable COPD.