42例心源性猝死病例临床分析

目的:分析心源性猝死病因,以预防和减少心源性猝死发生.方法:对42例心源性猝死病例进行年龄、性别、猝死前主要疾病、诱发因素、地点等项内容临床分析.结果:心源性猝死患者,50岁～60岁为高发年龄;男性∶女性=3.67∶1.其中57.14%为冠心病患者,33.33%患者有情绪不稳,71.4%患者猝死院外.结论:及早和长期干预冠心病多种危险因素,减少冠心病发生,避免诱发因素,有望减少心源性猝死发生.     

绝经后女性心脏性猝死的危险因素分析

目前,心脏疾病的病死率已超过了脑卒中和肿瘤,成为我国女性首位死亡原因。我国各个年龄段的女性心血管事件发生率都在迅速上升,女性冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(冠心病)临床症状不如男性典型,因此导致了女性冠心病治疗率低,在心脏病发作后的1年内,女性心脏性猝死(SCD)高于男性。女性SCD的危险因素与男性最大的区别在于绝经后对心血管系统的影响。重视女性心脑血管疾病,针对危险因素进行有效的预防是降低病死率和致残率的重要措施。该文旨在探讨绝经后女性SCD的相关危险因素,以及早发现并干预相关危险因素预防绝经后女性SCD。     

104例心脏性猝死相关危险因素分析

目的:讨苏南地区部分心脏性猝死(SCD)患者发病的相关危险因素,为SCD的早期预测与防治提供依据。方法:以104例心脏性猝死患者的临床资料为研究对象,进行回顾性分析,包括患者的一般情况、既往病史(高血压病、糖尿病等)、猝死诱发因素、先兆、发生时间以及辅助检查结果。结果:104例心脏性猝死患者中,男63例,女41例;从急性症状出现到死亡的时间30 min以内者30例;吸烟者45例。冠心病、高血压病史、糖尿病史为SCD主要基础病因。心脏扩大者65例(62.50%);EF值明显降低40例(38.46%);有心电图检查者90例,均显示异常,其中室性心律失常(包括单发、频发或多形性室早、阵发性室性心动过速、心室颤动等)85例(94.44%);低钾30例(28.85%),高钾3例(2.88%)。结论:心脏扩大、心功能不全以及室性心律失常是心脏性猝死的主要高危因素,相应的早期干预有利于SCD的预防。     

探析85例心源性猝死病例病因分析及预防措施

目的探讨和分析心源性猝死的发病原因,以预防和减少心源性猝死发生。方法对于该院收治的85例心源性猝死患者的性别、年龄和猝死前主要疾病以及诱发因素和地点等各项内容进行回顾性的临床分析。结果心源性猝死的患者的年龄在50~60岁之间为高发年龄阶段;男性和女性之比为3.72:1。其中有56.5%的属于冠心病疾病患者,有34.1%的患者存在情绪不稳,有71.8%的患者猝死在医院以外。结论及早预防和长期对于冠心病多种危险发病因素实施干预,尽量避免各类诱发因素,能够减少患者心源性猝死疾病的发生。     

广泛性焦虑障碍对冠心病的影响：基于冠状动脉计算机断层扫描血管造影的初步研究

目的 基于冠状动脉计算机断层扫描血管造影(CCTA)评估冠状动脉狭窄程度,探讨广泛性焦虑障碍(GAD)对冠心病的影响,并探索冠心病危险因素和临床特征的性别差异.方法 对2018年4月至2019年6月就诊于天津医科大学总医院并行CCTA检查的1117例患者进行杜克冠心病指数评分,同时对患者进行广泛性焦虑障碍7项(GAD-7)量表测评,采用二分类logistic回归方法分析GAD、性别与高危冠心病的关系.结果 最终入组1099例患者,其中男460例(41.9％),女639例(58.1％).GAD是高危冠心病的危险因素(OR=1.071,95％CI 1.013～1.134,P=0.017).女性患者的GAD患病率高于男性[20.3％(130/639)vs 7.0％(32/460),P<0.01],但在女性中GAD并非高危冠心病的危险因素(OR=1.037,95％CI 0.954～1.129,P=0.392).年龄、GAD、糖尿病、高脂血症、吸烟是男性高危冠心病的危险因素(P均<0.05),而在女性中仅年龄、高血压是高危冠心病的危险因素(P均<0.05).结论 GAD在女性中更为常见,但不是女性发生高危冠心病的危险因素,对有冠心病疑似症状的女性患者,其症状可能是GAD躯体症状而非冠心病症状,因此临床上更应关注其心理因素;对于存在GAD的男性患者,临床上更应注意其高危冠心病的筛查.     

浅析急性心肌梗死心脏性猝死的危险因素

目的浅析急性心肌梗死心脏性猝死的危险因素和几种预测方法。方法对我院1997年～2007年收治的50例急性心肌梗死心脏性猝死临床资料进行分析。结果1)心脏性猝死危险因素与年龄、性别的关系。心脏性猝死男性发病率高于女性,是20～60岁男性的首位死因。男40例,女10例,男∶女为4∶1。2)心脏性猝死往往有心绞痛(34例)心悸、气短(21例)等先兆症状和精神因素(40例)饱餐(12例),用力大便(7例)等诱因。3)心脏性猝死的危险因素在心电图上的表现为:室早34例,室速13例,QTC≥440ms17例,室内传导阻滞19例,房室传导阻滞23例。结论急性心肌梗死心脏性猝死是导致急性心肌梗死患者死亡的重要原因之一。致命的恶性心律失常是其主要的危险因素。作为临床工作者及早地发现急性心肌梗死心脏性猝死的危险因素和对其进行有效的预测能够降低急性心肌梗死死亡率。     

心脏性猝死的病因与诱因分析

[目的]分析心脏性猝死的病因、诱因和临床特点,以预防和减少心脏性猝死的发生。[方法]对34例心脏性猝死病例病因诱因等内容进行分析。[结果]心脏性猝死患者中,50～60岁为高发年龄;男性发病率高于女性。其中53%为冠心病患者,44%患者有情绪不稳。[结论]及早并长期采取一定的预防措施有望减少心脏性猝死的发生。     

118例女性胸痛患者临床特点分析

目的 分析住院女性胸痛患者的临床特点.方法 回顾性分析118例住院女性胸痛患者的临床资料.结果 118例住院女性胸痛患者心脏神经症、冠心病及其他疾病分别占56例(47.46 %)、32例(27.12%)、30例(25.42%),冠心病合并高血压、高血糖、高血脂者分别为25例、18例、26例;其他疾病累计合并者分别为9例、15例、13例,冠心病、心脏神经症及其他疾病患者中绝经者分别为28例、11例、18例.结论 住院女性胸痛患者以心脏神经症及冠心病者为多,并多发生于绝经后女性,与男性患者一样,冠心病患者合并高危因素者多,应重视女性胸痛患者的鉴别诊断.     

冠心病危险因素分析

目的 :探讨冠心病的危险因素 ,为冠心病一级预防提供科学依据。方法 :对 1 66例冠心病患者的年龄、性别、血压、血脂、吸烟史、超重 6个危险因素进行分析总结。结果 :男性患者 66.2 % ,多于女性患者 33.73% ,平均年龄为 ( 5 1 .66± 1 1 .33)岁 ,高血压占 71 .0 8% ,吸烟者占 5 8.43% ,超重者占 45 .78%。结论 :以上 6个危险因素导致冠心病高发 ,要积极干预 ,降低冠心病的发病率     

心内科老年患者在院治疗期间心源性猝死的临床危险因分析

目的:探讨心内科老年患者心源性猝死的病因及危险诱发因素。方法:选取本院2014年1月到2015年1月间心内科治疗期间发生心源性猝死患者50例,对他们生前各项情况进行回顾性分析,并且进行各项身体检查,详细检查血管心脏等与猝死关系密切部位,有条件的可以进行尸体解剖,了解有无吸烟,喝酒,用力排便,情绪波动较大等状况出现,探讨危险因素。结果:所有患者中诱发心源性猝死的病因包括肺源性心脏病(14.00%)、心肌肥厚病(24.00%)、冠状动脉硬化性心脏病(54.00%)、急性心肌梗死(8.00%),其中冠状动脉硬化性心脏病最为常见,所有患者心源性猝死诱发因素主要有吸烟(10.00%)、饮酒(22.00%)、用力排便(14.00%)、剧烈运动(40.00%)、情绪波动(10.00%)、无明显诱因(2.00%),其中剧烈运动为主要诱因。结论:临床预防老年人心源性猝死可以通过对患者日常生活习惯进行调节,通过避免各种诱发因素减少心源性猝死的发生。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.