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酗酒是当今世界范围的一个重要的公共卫生问题。它不仅危害社会治安环境等 ,严重影响了人体健康 ,嗜酒者的死亡率比一般人群要高 1~ 3倍。内科急症病情严重者可出现多个器官功能衰竭 ,其中神经系统疾患、肝脏、心血管病的患病率比一般人群高 2 0 %。本文对 2 0例酒精中毒合并多器官功能衰竭的患者加以报告分析。1 临床资料我们于 1999年 12月至 2 0 0 1年 12月共收治酒精中毒患者160例 ,其中并发多脏器功能衰竭 2 0例 ,男 14例 ,女 6例 ,年龄 2 5~ 60岁 ,饮酒史 6~ 32年不等 ,平均每日饮酒量 80~45 0ml (纯酒精含量 )不等 ,且统计表明… 相似文献
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废气中毒致多脏器功能衰竭临床上很少见有报道。1999年4月我们收治1例,并抢救成功,现简单报告如下。1 病例介绍 男,21岁,安徽人,因在密闭的发电房休息17小时之久,被他人发现昏迷5小时而拟诊急性肺水肿入院。患者入院前一天晚8时左右与同伴一道在发电房休息(其发电机燃烧汽油),次日中午1点钟左右他人发现其未正常上班工作,门前呼其不应后破门而入,发现其面色青紫、口流白沫、呼之不应,昏迷不醒(其同伴已死亡)。急诊送院抢救,给用速尿、西地兰等紧急对症处理后,急诊入科治疗。入科查体:T 36.5℃,P 130次/分,R 35次/分,BP 13/8kPa。深昏迷状态,各种深浅反射均消失。大小便失禁,双侧瞳孔等大等圆,约4mm大小,对光反射迟钝,颈项 相似文献
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多系统器官衰竭 (MSOF) ,又称多器官衰竭 ,是指病人因严重感染、创伤、失血、大手术等应激状态下机体出现的两个以上的脏器同时或先后发生的功能衰竭 ,涉及心、肝、脑、肺、肾以及胃肠、代谢、凝血、免疫等各系统功能。据文献报道 ,2个器官受累死亡率为 4 4%~ 6 0 % ,4个以上器官受累死亡率为10 0 % [1] 。我院 2 0 0 0年 12月成功抢救了 1例MSOF ,即 4个脏器受累的病人 ,就此例MSOF病人抢救成功的护理体会作以下介绍。患者女性 ,4 5岁。入院诊断为慢性肾功能不全 ,尿毒症。于 2 0 0 0年 11月 11日行肾移植手术 ,术后第 6天出… 相似文献
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为探讨在急性肾衰伴多脏器功能衰竭中腹膜透析的应用价值,对黑龙江省医院自1999年1月至2003年3月间患急性肾衰伴多脏器功能衰竭行腹膜透析治疗的36例病例进行回顾性分析,现报告如下。 相似文献
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M.Adolph 《中华临床营养杂志》2001,9(2):95-96
The problems of inflammation and infection leading to organ dysfunction and failure continue to be the major concerns after injury and operations and with the intensive care for many diseases and problems.When systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) goes to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and multiple organ failure (MOF),the mortality ecomes high,ranging from 30-80% depending on the number of failed organs.In MOF or MODS respiratory failure develops with the need for ventilaroty support,accompanied by circulatory instability with depression of cardiac output and a decrease in peripheral resistance,depression of the immune system,coagulation defects,gastrointestinal problems,a rising bilirubin denoting hepatic dysfunction and central nervous depression.The elevation in whole body protein turnover after sepsis and trauma usually is accompanied by an increase in metabolic rate Hepatic output of acute phase proteins rises,lean tissue is catabolized to provide energy substrates for wound and inflammatory tissue.Plasma proteins drop due to inhibition of hepathic synthesis,an increase in capillary permeability,and the dilutional effect of extracellular fluid expansion can be observed.Muscle protein synthesis seems to be decreased.These changes are driven by a combination of the counterregulatory hormones (catecholamines,glucagon,cortisol,growth hormone) and the direct and indirect actions fo the various inflammatory mediators (IL-1,IL-6,and TNF),prostaglandins and kallikreins.The changes in whole body protein turnover seen in MOF are similar to those described in overt sepsis and severe trauma:both synthesis and degradation are elevated,with a higher rate of degradation.This situation result in a loss of body mass, predominantly lean tissue.Although it is not oftern possible to identify the orgin of the “sepsis”,it must be reasonable to regard patients with MOF metabolically as “severely septic”.In recent years,the gastrointestinal tract was thought to be the ongoing inflammatory stimulus and the cause of MOF.In the presence of sepsis and shock and lack of nutrient intake,endotoxin and bacteria translocate from the lumen of the gut into the portal and systemic circulations and set up a systemic inflammatory reaction with release of inflammatory mediators.The evidence for the gastrointestinal tract as the “motor”for MOF,however,is derived largely from animal work,and the direct evidence duppotyinh gut permeability as a cause of MOF in man is less convincing,although early and aggressive enteral feeding afger major abdominal injury has been shown to diminish the incidence of major septic complications.On the other hand,there are problems associated with enteral feeding in MOF.This is due sometimes to local damage from peritoneal sepsis but often from deleterious effects of high levels of sympathetic activation on the gastrointestinal tract,combined with some fo the sedative and cardiovascular drugs used to facilitate artificial ventilation or to support the cardiovascular system that also adversely affect gastrointestinal motility.The use of parnteral nutrition in combination with the so-called minimal enteral nutritional support in critically ill patients is mandatory in order to preserve organ function and to avoid deleterious side effects.This strategy of combining the two ways of artificial nutrition is based on the idea to use the gut,if it works,and to complete the full range of essential nutrient supply by the parenteral route.As energy donors,lipid emulsions are an integral element of parenteral nutrition regiments for critically ill patients.Moreover lipids are not only structural building blocks of cells and tissues but at the same time suppliers of C atoms for a number of biosynthetic pathways as well as carriers of essential fatty acids and fat-soluble vitamins.In addition,faty acids are precursors of prostaglandins other eicosanoids and therefore have important metabolic functions.Over the years,for the supply of lipids in the filed of parenteral nutrition,different concepts have been developed.Lipid emulsions derived from soybean or safflower oil contain excessive quantities of PUFA and insufficient amounts of α-tocopherol.Their parenteral use can rapidly lead to an unbalanced pattern of eicosanoids and is associated with an increased production of peroxidative catabolites.In order to avoid negative effects from these metabolic procucts,it is recommended to use preparations with a reduced content of PUFA in combination with an enrichment in α-tocopherol.Indeed the physical mixture of MCT and LCT is a well-proven concept in the parenteral nutrition of critically ill patients.Having a demonstrably higher utilization rate,MCT-containing lipid emulsions do not impair liver function,produce less immune and no RES function compromise,and do not interfere with pulmonary hemodynmics or gas exchange.Newer preparations based on structured triglycenrides or lilve oil appear to achieve the same goal,I.e.reducing the n- PUFA intake.These new lipid emulsions are safe and wel tolerated.Further studies are necessary to investigate potential benefits compared to the physical mixture of MCT/LCT in a clinical environment.A promising substrato in the evolution of parenteral lipid emulsions can be seen in fish oils (n-3 fatty acids).Their fixed combination in a physical mixture of MCT/LCT displays a great number of fascinating aspects.With regard to current literature,n-3 fatty acids have a beneficial influence on the pathophysiological response to dndotoxins and exert important modulations on eicosanoid and cytokine biology.Furthermore their intravenous use may improve organ perfusion in different critical situations. 相似文献
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肾综合征出血热并发多脏器功能衰竭临床分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为进一步探讨肾综合征出血热(HFRS)多脏器损害及衰竭情况,我们对2002年1~12月住院确诊的212例HFRS并发多脏器功能衰竭(MOF)患者临床资料分析如下。 相似文献
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随着血液净化技术的不断革新 ,急性肾功能衰竭(ARF)死亡率渐趋下降 ,但是近十年来 ,ARF死亡率却略有上升趋势 ,合并三个脏器功能衰竭者死亡率可达85 %以上[1] ,主要原因是ARF的原发病谱发生重大变化 ,单纯性ARF比例下降 ,而并发多脏器功能障碍综合征 (MODS)比例上升 ,以及传统血液净化技术仍有不可避免的缺陷 ,连续性肾脏替代治疗 (CRRT)是近年来用于治疗多脏器功能障碍综合征的一种新的方法 ,为多脏器功能障碍综合征 (MODS)患者带来新的希望 ,持续性静 -静脉血液滤过 (CVVHF)是最常用的一种连续性肾脏替代治… 相似文献
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该文报道一例患者因误服氯化汞(3.0g),超过致死剂量约2.5倍,由于当时处理措施不当,到上级医院虽经各种急救措施救治,终因汞中毒过重,多脏器功能衰竭而死亡。 相似文献
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目的分析治疗婴幼儿重症肺炎并多脏器功能衰竭的效果。针对婴幼儿重症肺炎并多脏器功能衰竭,应做到早期诊断,早期治疗,并采取综合措施,有预见性地进行干预治疗。方法 2年来收住婴幼儿重症肺炎314例,并发多脏器功能衰竭52例,经过早期诊断,早期治疗纠正缺氧,保持呼吸道通畅,保护心、脑、肺、胃肠功能、肾功能,尽量不让多个器官受损。结果治愈35例,死亡12例,自动出院5例。其中合并2个系统器官衰竭30例,3个以上系统器官22例,从病史中可以看出多个脏器(3个以上受损,病情越重,病死率越高,达40%;而2个器官以下受损,病死率低,为7.4%。结论对婴幼儿重症肺炎并多脏器功能衰竭,尽量做到超前性干预治疗,可缩短病程,提高治愈率。 相似文献
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妊娠合并多脏器功能衰竭15例临床分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的:探讨妊娠合并脏器功能衰竭MSOF的致病因素,对母婴的影响及防治方法。方法:分析15例妊娠合并MSOF的临床资料。诊断标准,治疗方法。结果:妊娠合并MSOF是一种后果恶劣的妊娠综合征,本文15例中死亡5例,病死率为33.3%,围产儿死率7例(7/16),死亡率为437.5‰;结论:妊娠合并MSOF是孕产妇和围产儿死亡的主要原因,应加强围产期的系统管理。高危孕产妇应及时转诊,对MSOF的治疗应针对病因,及时去除或减少引起MSOF的诱因,如出血,感染,子病等,阻止过强的应激反应,使MSOF不发生或程度减轻,对妊娠合并征,并发症在产前出现主要脏器功能损害,应果断终止妊娠,减少继续妊娠对母体的损害,对患者应加强监护,注意支持和对症治疗及人工器官如人工呼吸机,血液秀析等的应用。 相似文献
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多脏器功能衰竭病死率高,是当今医学研究和探索的一个新课题,现将近3年收治的98例肺心病并发多脏器功能衰竭患者临床特点、病因及监护、治疗等问题探讨如下: 相似文献
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急性避蚊胺中毒临床罕见。通过回顾性分析收治的1例急性避蚊胺中毒导致多脏器功能衰竭并死亡患者的临床资料,结合文献,探讨急性避蚊胺中毒的救治措施。患者口服大量避蚊胺后,迅速出现昏迷,循环、呼吸等多器官功能衰竭,予以洗胃、血液灌流、血浆置换清除体内毒物,持续静脉-静脉血液滤过稳定内环境及容量管理,抗休克、保护重要脏器等治疗后,患者循环仍难以维持,最终救治效果不佳而死亡。在避蚊胺中毒救治过程中建议多种血液净化方式联合应用,如循环仍难维持,条件允许可尝试体外膜肺氧合治疗,帮助患者度过急性期,避免因循环衰竭加重脏器功能损伤。 相似文献
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目的:了解孕产妇多脏器功能衰竭发病的诱因及治疗结局。方法:采用回顾性分析方法对38例妊娠合并多脏器功能衰竭的病例进行分析。结果:38例中死亡5例,病死率为13.16%。其中产科救治18例,死亡4例;产科与ICU共同救治20例,死亡1例。结论:在妊娠合并多脏器功能衰竭的治疗中,产科与ICU联合救治能降低孕产妇的病死率。 相似文献
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1996年元月至2003年元月,我院共诊治急性发作期肺心病96例,其中发生多脏器功能衰竭43例。43例中死亡25例,其中以肺心病中并发呼吸衰竭死亡率最高。本文就肺心病急性发作期多系统器官衰竭或损害的发生机理作了讨论,并提出肺心病急性发作期治疗中的一些初步意见。 相似文献
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目的 分析孕产妇多脏器功能衰竭发病特点和救治经验,探讨降低产妇多脏器功能衰竭致残率及病死率的有效措施.方法 回顾性分析近3年来本院收治的4例产妇多脏器功能衰竭的发病原因、救治措施以及愈后情况.结果 2例痊愈,1例遗留后遗症,1例死亡.结论 积极采取多学科联合救治多脏器功能衰竭产妇,有利于减轻后遗症,降低死亡率. 相似文献
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杨晓熹 《中国慢性病预防与控制》2003,11(3):128-128
多脏器功能衰竭 (MOF)是现代医学中出现的一个新的概念和综合征〔1〕。它可以并发于多种疾病 ,而急性脑血管病(ACVD)并发 MOF报道较少 ,现将我科在 1998年 1月~ 2 0 0 0年 6月收治的 5 6例 ACVD合并 MOF患者的回顾性分析报告如下。1 临床资料1.1 一般资料 本组 5 6例 ,男性 30例 ,女性 2 6例 ,年龄 6 0~ 89岁 ,平均 70 .4岁。病程 2~ 90天。脑出血 2 4例 ;脑梗死 2 8例 ,多为大面积梗死及多发性梗死 ,蛛网膜下腔出血 4例 ,均由脑 CT确诊。1.2 既往病史 高血压病 4 6例 ,冠心病2 1例 ,脑梗死 2 4例 ,脑出血 4例 ,糖尿病12例 … 相似文献
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抗生素引起多脏器功能衰竭 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文报告1例老年患者,因不明热在院外服用头孢氨苄和肌注庆大霉素引起肾功能不全和肝功能损害,入院后换用头孢唑啉钠、丁胺卡那霉素和头孢哌酮,出现黄疸,无尿和皮疹,肝肾功能进一步恶化。因高热持续不退又改用头孢三嗪,引起的白色念珠菌感染、鼻衄、呕血和黑便,最后患者死于多脏器功能衰竭(肝、肾、消化道和皮肤)。提示氨基糖甙抗生素的肾损害,头孢氨苄的肝毒性和头孢哌酮、头孢三嗪的消化道出血的副作用是严重的。本文还讨论了这些抗生素的副作用发生机理,以提醒我们重视抗生素的合理应用。 相似文献