更年期门诊妇女绝经综合征与抑郁症状相关性的初步研究

目的探讨更年期门诊妇女绝经综合征与抑郁症状的相关性。方法将2016年7月—2017年2月期间因围绝经期相关症状在中国福利会国际和平妇幼保健院更年期门诊首次就诊的妇女纳入本研究。调查研究对象的一般情况、健康状况,应用Kupperman绝经指数量表(Kupperman menopausal index,KMI)评估围绝经期相关症状,采用患者健康问卷抑郁量表(patient health questionnaire,PHQ-9)对抑郁症状进行量化评分。结果共计调查153名门诊妇女,平均年龄为(47.3±4.3)岁,月经不规则者占77.78%。73.86%的调查对象患有绝经综合征(KMI6),疲乏(70.59%)、情绪波动(63.40%)、失眠(59.48%)、潮热出汗(56.21%)和骨关节痛(52.29%)是最常见的围绝经期症状;35.95%的门诊妇女存在抑郁症状(PHQ-9≥5)。绝经综合征的严重程度、相关症状的共患程度与门诊妇女是否患有抑郁症状显著相关。多因素分析显示,抑郁症与潮热出汗、失眠、情绪波动、眩晕、疲乏、头痛、心悸、性生活等具体症状的严重程度均有统计学联系。结论更年期门诊患者绝经综合征和抑郁症状间存在明显联系。未来应加强对围绝经期妇女心理健康问题的关注,使更多的妇女平稳度过围绝经期。     

围绝经期应用克龄蒙补充激素治疗的疗效观察

目的观察围绝经期妇女应用戊酸雌二醇片/雌二醇环丙孕酮片(克龄蒙)补充激素治疗的疗效,以减少围绝经期妇女综合征的发生,保证围绝经期妇女的正常生活。方法选取2013年4月~2015年4月我院收治的围绝经期妇女45例作为研究对象,所有患者均给予克龄蒙补充激素治疗,1片/d,连续服用21天,观察6个月,对患者进行用药前后的K评分,并测定血FSH、E2、CHOL、TG。结果治疗后患者的上述指标与治疗前比较均有所改善,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论对于围绝经期妇女给予克龄蒙补充激素治疗,取得显著疗效,可有效解除围绝经期症状,明显改善血脂代谢,有效预防心血管疾病的发生,安全有效,成为围绝经期妇女补充激素的有效药物,值得临床推广与应用。     

用Kupperman评分评估围绝经期双侧卵巢切除对围绝经期症状的影响

目的:采用改良Kupperman评分系统对围绝经期因妇科良性肿瘤行双侧卵巢切除的患者进行评分,观察双侧卵巢切除对妇女围绝经期症状的影响.方法:2006～2007年在我院因良性疾病行手术治疗同时切除双侧卵巢的围绝经期患者,术后6～12个月发放调查问卷,内容包括患者基本情况和改良Kupperman评分表.询问患者如可以重新选择,是否仍愿意接受双侧卵巢切除手术,根据不同选择将患者分为接受手术组和暂缓手术组,并对Kupperman评分值进行统计学检验.结果:回收有效问卷68份.患者术后Kupperman评分由术前的12.71±9.50增加至20.35±7.84(P=0.000),其中以心悸、性生活质量下降、潮热出汗、疲乏、情绪波动、抑郁多疑等症状的评分增加明显,与术前相比差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).选择暂缓手术组患者术后情绪波动、头痛及性生活质量下降评分高于接受手术组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:围绝经期双侧卵巢切除后可能会加重妇女的围绝经期症状,进行围绝经期妇科良性疾病手术治疗时,应合理掌握卵巢切除的指征.     

Relation between Hot Flashes and Anxiety, Depression among Climacteric Women

目的:探讨围绝经期前后妇女潮热与焦虑、抑郁之间的关系.方法:将符合条件的1 206名40～60岁妇女分为潮热组、无潮热组,分别完成调查问卷.问卷具体内容包括一般情况、潮热状况、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS).结果:潮热组妇女SAS和SDS的平均值高于无潮热组妇女(SAS:39.8±7.3 vs 36.0±6.1;SDS:44.1±8.3 vs 40.9±8.9,P均＜0.05),潮热组轻度焦虑和抑郁的发生率明显高于无潮热组(焦虑:8.3％vs 3.4％;抑郁:23.3％vs 14.2％,P均＜0.05).潮热妇女焦虑、抑郁的发生风险分别是无潮热妇女的4.1倍(95％CI,1.20～13.74)、2.4倍(95％CI,1.15～4.92).重度潮热妇女较轻度潮热妇女SAS和SDS得分均高(SAS:46.4±7.9 vs 38.8±6.6; SDS:43.9±6.9 vs 52.7±12.5,P均＜0.05).潮热妇女的月经状况与SAS和SDS得分无关.结论:围绝经期潮热妇女易发生焦虑、抑郁症状,且重度潮热妇女更易发生.对妇女进行潮热治疗时,还应对妇女进行心理疏导.     

围绝经期潮热妇女焦虑与抑郁状况的分析

目的:探讨围绝经期前后妇女潮热与焦虑、抑郁之间的关系。方法:将符合条件的1 206名40~60岁妇女分为潮热组、无潮热组,分别完成调查问卷。问卷具体内容包括一般情况、潮热状况、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)。结果:潮热组妇女SAS和SDS的平均值高于无潮热组妇女(SAS:39.8±7.3 vs 36.0±6.1;SDS:44.1±8.3 vs 40.9±8.9,P均<0.05),潮热组轻度焦虑和抑郁的发生率明显高于无潮热组(焦虑:8.3%vs 3.4%;抑郁:23.3%vs 14.2%,P均<0.05)。潮热妇女焦虑、抑郁的发生风险分别是无潮热妇女的4.1倍(95%CI,1.20~13.74)、2.4倍(95%CI,1.15~4.92)。重度潮热妇女较轻度潮热妇女SAS和SDS得分均高(SAS:46.4±7.9 vs 38.8±6.6;SDS:43.9±6.9 vs 52.7±12.5,P均<0.05)。潮热妇女的月经状况与SAS和SDS得分无关。结论:围绝经期潮热妇女易发生焦虑、抑郁症状,且重度潮热妇女更易发生。对妇女进行潮热治疗时,还应对妇女进行心理疏导。     

黛力新联合性激素治疗围绝经期抑郁障碍的临床研究

目的:探讨围绝经期综合征伴发抑郁障碍的合理治疗方案,提高围绝经期妇女身心健康的水平。方法:选择围绝经期抑郁障碍患者125例,随机分为两组,研究组用黛力新联合性激素治疗(HT)(64例),对照组单用HT(61例)。观察治疗前后Gr绝经相关症状评分和Zung抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分。结果:Gr绝经症状评分:治疗2周后两组均较治疗前明显下降,两组无明显差异,但4周后两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),并且研究组各时段分值均低于对照组,随治疗时间推移,差异逐渐显著。SDS抑郁评分:治疗2周末研究组评分较治疗前明显下降,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);对照组3周末评分较治疗前明显下降,3周后无明显改善。并且研究组各时段分值均低于对照组。结论:HT联合小剂量黛力新治疗围绝经期综合征,能有效缓解抑郁障碍,减轻躯体症状,改善生活质量。     

坤泰胶囊联合芬吗通对围绝经期综合征患者性激素、免疫功能及生活质量的临床观察

目的 分析坤泰胶囊联合雌二醇片雌二醇地屈孕酮片复合包装(芬吗通)对围绝经期综合征患者性激素、免疫功能及生活质量的效果。方法 选取76例围绝经期综合征患者,根据随机数字表法分为对照组与研究组,每组38例。对照组患者采用芬吗通治疗,研究组采用坤泰胶囊联合芬吗通治疗。比较两组患者治疗前后卵巢功能、性激素水平、临床疗效、免疫功能及生活质量。结果 治疗前,两组患者卵泡刺激素(FSH)、窦卵泡计数(AFC)、促黄体生成素(LH)及雌二醇(E₂)水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,研究组患者FSH、LH水平均明显低于对照组,AFC少于对照组,E₂水平高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组患者心理功能、生理功能及社会功能评分均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组患者总有效率94.74%高于对照组的71.05%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组患者免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、CD4⁺水平高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 围绝经期综合征...     

更年膏治疗女性围绝经期综合征(肝肾阴虚型)的疗效观察

目的观察更年膏治疗女性围绝经期综合征(肝肾阴虚型)的疗效。方法选取我院门诊收治的患者60例,均符合诊断标准。将其分为治疗组和对照组,各30例。治疗组给予更年膏治疗,对照组给予六味地黄丸,服药时间均为12周,治疗12周后比较两组患者疗效及症状积分。结果治疗组总有效率优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗组中医证侯总有效率优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组患者主症积分治疗前比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗组积分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组治疗期间未发生药物不良反应。结论更年膏用于治疗女性围绝经期期综合征疗效可靠,安全性高。     

静心电针法治疗围绝经期综合征临床研究

目的:观察静心电针法治疗围绝经期综合征的临床疗效。方法:将符合标准的围绝经期患者60例随机分为治疗组(30例)和对照组(30例)。治疗组给予静心电针法治疗,对照组给予克龄蒙治疗,均治疗3个周期。分别于治疗前、治疗1个月、治疗3个月(即治疗结束)、治疗后3个月及治疗后6个月进行随访,采用改良的Kupperman指数(KI)进行症状评分,并于治疗前、治疗结束各检测1次血清雌二醇(E2)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)、黄体生成激素(LH)。结果:治疗组和对照组的总有效率比较差异无统计学意义(90.00%vs.93.33%,P>0.05)。2组KI评分,治疗后各时间点与治疗前比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),2组之间各时间点差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),2组在治疗期间,KI均有下降,当治疗结束后3个月与6个月时,KI评分稍有上升,对照组上升稍多,但2组之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2组治疗后,性激素水平均得到改善(P<0.01),但2组之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:静心电针法治疗围绝经期综合征,安全、疗效好,值得推广应用。     

598例妇女围绝经期症状调查

目的:了解围绝经期妇女的有关围绝经期症状及相关症状年龄分布。方法:采取随机整群抽样的方法,对598例40~65岁石家庄市妇女进行问卷调查和Greene评分。随机抽取其中的100例对象进行双能X线右前臂远端骨密度检查。结果:绝经平均年龄(48.38±5.36)岁。绝经症状发生率84.1%,45岁后骨密度显著下降,56岁后骨质疏松症发生率逐渐增加。围绝经期妇女所处年龄段不同其症状也不同。46~50岁多见潮热出汗;61~65岁多见肌肉关节痛、复发性生殖泌尿系统感染,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:绝经及其相关疾病给妇女生理和心理带来很大困扰,在进行围绝经期妇女的保健治疗中不能忽视这些相关疾病的防治,应根据不同年龄制定防治措施。     

Femal, a herbal remedy made from pollen extracts, reduces hot flushes and improves quality of life in menopausal women: a randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel study.

BACKGROUND: The fact that hormone replacement therapy has been claimed to increase the risk of breast cancer has made it relevant to search for new non-hormonal treatments of menopausal symptoms. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate whether Femal, a herbal remedy made from pollen extracts, alleviates the symptoms of the menopause, especially hot flushes. DESIGN: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel trial of 64 menopausal women, of whom 54 completed the trial. After an initial run-in phase of 1 month, the women were randomly given either two Femal tablets each morning, or two identical placebo tablets, for 3 months of treatment. On inclusion, and then at 4-week intervals, the patients were asked to evaluate 16 symptoms of the menopause using Menopause Rating Scales (MRS). In addition, every day throughout the study, certain menopausal symptoms were recorded in a diary. RESULTS: The two treatment groups were identical regarding demographic data and the initial symptom scores. In the active-treatment group, 65% responded with a reduction in hot flushes compared with 38% in the placebo group (p<0.006) and, in this group, the number of hot flushes registered in diaries declined after 3 months by 27% as compared to the placebo group (p<0.026). MRS evaluation of hot flushes yielded similar results (p<0.031). There were 23% and 22% decreases in hot flushes after 2 and 3 months of treatment, respectively, and after both intervals of time the inter-group comparisons were significantly affected. An overall evaluation of the trend in 15 other 'quality-of-life' parameters showed likewise in favor of the pollen extract (p<0.031). CONCLUSION: The pollen extract Femal significantly reduces hot flushes and certain other menopausal symptoms when compared to placebo.     

Double-blind cross-over study with Org OD 14 and placebo in postmenopausal patients

double-blind cross-over study with Org OD 14 was done in 35 post-menopausal patients aged 48-69 years who had hot flushes and other associated symptoms. Patients were randomly allocated to Org OD 14 or to placebo as first treatment. Each period of treatment lasted for 6 weeks and there were no intervals between treatments. Tablets containing 2.5 mg of Org OD 14 or placebo tablets of identical appearance were supplied. Patients took one Org OD 14 tablet or one placebo tablet per day. Data on the following variables were obtained and analyzed statistically: hot flushes, sweating, dizziness, palpitation, tiredness, headache, insomnia, irritability, breathlessness, backache, loss of libido, and mood. Assessment was daily in the case of hot flushes and weekly for the other variables. Org OD 14 was statistically significantly more effective in controlling hot flushes, sweating and headache and tended to be better than the placebo tablets for the other variables.     

Menopausal symptoms in women treated for breast cancer: the prevalence and severity of symptoms and their perceived effects on quality of life.

OBJECTIVES: To determine, first, the prevalence and severity of various symptoms related to estrogen deficiency in women within a few years of receiving treatment for breast cancer, second, how women perceive the effects of these symptoms on their quality of life and, third, what measures have been taken to relieve vasomotor symptoms. METHODS: Two hundred women (aged 29-65 years) who had received treatment for breast cancer within the last 5 years were included in this cross-sectional survey. Information was collected about their breast cancer treatment, menopausal symptoms (Menopausal Rating Scale), the perceived effects of menopausal symptoms on their and their partner's quality of life and any treatments they were receiving for hot flushes. RESULTS: All but one woman reported at least one symptom related to the menopause (95.9% vasomotor; 83.3% psychological; 89.7% somatic). Current treatment with tamoxifen or previous chemotherapy did not influence the prevalence or the severity of hot flushes. Current antidepressant treatment was, however, significantly associated with a higher prevalence and severity of most menopausal symptoms, including hot flushes and sweats (p = 0.008). The severity of hot flushes and sweats was significantly correlated with self-assessed effects on overall quality of life (r(s) = 0.47); 56.4% of the respondents believed that menopausal symptoms had affected their partner's quality of life, the strongest correlations being with severity of sexual symptoms (r(s) = 0.56) and vaginal dryness (r(s) = 0.5). Only 21% of women experiencing hot flushes were receiving any treatment for hot flushes, with most women describing no knowledge or poor knowledge of treatment options. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of women receiving treatment for breast cancer report menopausal symptoms, which negatively correlate, not only with their own, but also with their partner's quality of life. Most women experiencing hot flushes are not receiving treatment due to lack of both awareness and confidence in the existing treatment options.     

Factors associated with quality of life in a cohort of postmenopausal women.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate quality of life (QOL) and identify its associated factors in a cohort of postmenopausal women who had not received hormone therapy. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 81 postmenopausal women who had not used hormone therapy in the last six months. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, in addition to the prevalence of menopausal symptoms, were evaluated. QOL was assessed by the Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) questionnaire, which may be condensed into two summaries: Physical Component Summary and Mental Component Summary. Generalized linear models were used to analyze the data, allowing the identification of factors affecting QOL, adjusting for confounding variables. RESULTS: The mean (+/-standard deviation) age of the participants was 58.1 +/- 4.7 years. The most prevalent symptoms were nervousness (67%) and hot flushes and sweating (51%). Factors associated with poorer QOL were sweating, palpitations, nervousness (physical component), and dizziness, nervousness, depression, insomnia and dyspareunia (mental component). CONCLUSION: We observed that menopausal symptoms negatively affected the physical and mental components of QOL in postmenopausal women.     

Hormone replacement therapy in perimenopausal women with a triphasic contraceptive compound: a three-year prospective study

Two hundred perimenopausal women who suffered from several symptoms and signs of menopause participated in this 3-year prospective study. Because they were still menstruating more or less regularly, these women were afraid of becoming pregnant and asked for contraception as well as hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Therefore the HRT chosen was a low dose triphasic oral contraceptive. The patient population was divided into two groups; one group (100 women) took the triphasic contraceptive as HRT and the other group served as controls (100 women). During the three years of this study this form of HRT was demonstrated to prevent conception and bone-mass loss, combat vaginal dryness and sexual disturbances, eliminate hot flushes and profuse sweating, correct breast atrophy, and prevent or improve psycho-functional disturbances, such as depressive mood, loss of concentration, insomnia, nervousness, palpitations and fatigue. It was concluded, based on the results of this study, that the triphasic oral contraceptive is the treatment of choice in the prevention and treatment of menopausal symptoms during the perimenopause--when contraception is still required.     

雌二醇屈螺酮片治疗绝经后妇女绝经相关症状的多中心临床研究

目的 探讨雌二醇屈螺酮片(其他名称:安今益)用于伴有绝经相关症状的绝经后妇女的临床疗效和安全性.方法 采用多中心、双盲、随机、安慰剂对照的研究方法,将244例伴有中重度潮热症状的绝经后妇女,按3∶1比例随机分为治疗组(服用雌二醇屈螺酮片,183例)和安慰剂组(61例),连续服药16周,在服药的4、8、12、16周及服药结束后2周进行随访,观察身高、体质量、生命体征、潮热及其他绝经相关症状改善情况和阴道出血等,并在服药16周时进行临床疗效评价.结果 与治疗前比较,治疗后16周治疗组和安慰剂组总潮热平均严重程度指数下降的绝对值分别为-0.6±0.5和-0.4 ±0.4,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);但治疗组和安慰剂组治疗后中重度潮热平均严重程度指数下降的绝对值分别为-0.6±0.8和-0.3±0.6,两组比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).治疗后16周时,治疗组妇女中重度出汗、阴道干涩等症状的缓解以及总体临床疗效均显著优于安慰剂组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).整个治疗过程中,治疗组妇女的血压基本稳定.治疗中发生阴道出血治疗组为48.9%(87/178),安慰剂组为10.7%(6/56),尤其在治疗的第4～8周发生率最高.虽然治疗组的每个周期(28 d)累积无阴道出血率低于安慰剂组,但随着治疗时间的延长,治疗组的累积无阴道出血率逐渐升高.治疗组的不良事件主要是乳房胀痛,占12.0%(22/183).治疗组患者血钾无异常升高,无明显其他不良事件发生.整个治疗过程中发生的严重不良事件均与试验药物无关或可能无关.结论 雌二醇屈螺酮片可有效缓解绝经后妇女的绝经相关症状,是安全有效的新型激素补充治疗药物.

Abstract：

Objective To study the efficacy and safety of estradiol and drospirenone tablets (Angeliq)in treatment of menopausal symptoms among postmenopausal Chinese healthy women.Methods Total 244 postmenopausal Chinese healthy women who had moderate to severe hot flushes were randomly assigned for 16 weeks in this randomized multi-center double-blind placebo-controlled study.During the trial.the follow-up visits were conducted at week 4,8,12,16 of treatment and 2 weeks after treatment respectively.Height,weight,vital signs,hot flushes,other relevant menopausal symptoms and vaginal bleeding were observed in each follow-up visit,while the clinical global impression scale Was assessed at 16 weeks as well.Results It showed that hot flushes were reduced significantly more in observation group than that in placebo group ( P＜0.01 ), although both treatments were effective. The absolute values of mean severity index of total hot flushes decreased by - 0. 6± 0. 5 in observation group and - 0. 4 ± 0. 4 in placebo group from baseline respectively, which reached significant difference ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). However, the absolute values of mean severity index of moderate to severe hot flushes decreased by - 0. 6± 0. 8 in observation group and -0. 3± 0.6 in placebo group from baseline respectively, which had no significant difference (P ＞ 0. 05 ).After 16 weeks treatment, it also showed that estradiol and drospirenone had significant better efficacy than placebo on moderate to severe sweating, vaginal dryness and clinical global impression scale (P ＜0. 01 ).During the trial, blood pressure in observation group was stable. The rate of vaginal bleeding in observation group was higher than that in the placebo group, especially during the week 4 to week 8 when 48. 9% (87/178) in observation group and 10. 7% (6/56) in placebo group of patients bled. Although the cumulative amenorrhea rate of observation group was lower than that of placebo group in each cycle (28 days), it increased gradually along with duration of the treatment. The commonest adverse event in observation group was breast tenderness which accounted for 12.0% (22/183 ). The level of serum potassium was in the normal range in observation group mostly. Meanwhile, the other adverse events rate was low. Serious adverse events reported in this trial were assessed as not study drug related or as unlikely study drug related. Conclusion Estradiol and drospirenone tablets which could effectively alleviate menopausal symptoms in postmeuopausal Chinese healthy women is a novel hormone replacement therapy regimen with high safety and efficacy.     

Treatment of climacteric syndrome using Estraderm TTS and premarin in a comparative study]

In an open-label, multicentric randomized trial the efficacy and tolerability of Estraderm TTS, a 17 beta-estradiol, and Premarin, consisting of conjugated estrogens, were compared in the treatment of the climacteric syndrome. 84 patients with manifest menopausal complaints were randomized into two groups of 42 women each. The duration of treatment was 11 weeks or 3 cycles, each with 3 weeks of estrogen treatment followed by a therapy-free week. Therapeutic efficacy was assessed with a questionnaire recording frequency and intensity of hot flushes and of sweating episodes during the night, changes in psychic well-being, frequency of micturition and dryness of the vagina. Systemic and local tolerability was also evaluated. Both substances proved almost equivalent in the treatment of menopausal complaints, although Estraderm TTS was markedly superior in suppressing vasomotor symptoms.     

Transition to Parenthood: Risk Factors for Parents and Infants

The prevalence of 24 complaints was surveyed in eight menopausal age groups in a representative sample of 1886 women, 45-55 years of age, drawn from the population register of Oslo, Norway. Although more than one-third had experienced frequent hot flushes, excessive sweating, muscle and joint pains, and sleeping problems, complaints during the climacteric were reported more rarely than in previous studies. The highest prevalences appeared among the 2-3 years postmenopausal women: 45% hot flushes, 33% excessive sweating, 22% vaginal dryness and 10% mood swings. When prevalence among regularly menstruating subjects was used to adjust for the premenopausal level of complaints, the adjusted prevalences were 34% hot flushes, 25% excessive sweating and 18% vaginal dryness. Mood-related complaints showed no relationship with menopausal age. Among the premenopausal women, however, 57% and 55% reported occasional irritability and moodswings respectively. A short literature review indicates that size of prevalence figures in this area is inversely related to representativity of the sample used. A detailed methodological discussion concludes that the previous prevalences of menopausal complaints have been overestimated because of methodological weaknesses. The menopause does not involve such a large health problem as originally assumed when large-scale hormonal prevention among healthy women was launched.     

Factors associated with quality of life in a cohort of postmenopausal women

Objective.?To evaluate quality of life (QOL) and identify its associated factors in a cohort of postmenopausal women who had not received hormone therapy.

Methods.?A cross-sectional study was conducted among 81 postmenopausal women who had not used hormone therapy in the last six months. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, in addition to the prevalence of menopausal symptoms, were evaluated. QOL was assessed by the Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) questionnaire, which may be condensed into two summaries: Physical Component Summary and Mental Component Summary. Generalized linear models were used to analyze the data, allowing the identification of factors affecting QOL, adjusting for confounding variables.

Results.?The mean (±standard deviation) age of the participants was 58.1 ± 4.7 years. The most prevalent symptoms were nervousness (67%) and hot flushes and sweating (51%). Factors associated with poorer QOL were sweating, palpitations, nervousness (physical component), and dizziness, nervousness, depression, insomnia and dyspareunia (mental component).

Conclusion.?We observed that menopausal symptoms negatively affected the physical and mental components of QOL in postmenopausal women.