经胸壁入路腔镜下甲状腺全切除术20例报告

目的探讨经胸壁入路腔镜下甲状腺全切除术的可行性和安全性。方法2008年1月～2012年12月,对20例结节性甲状腺肿,经胸壁入路使用超声刀建立皮下空间,置入腔镜和操作器械,应用颈部缝线悬吊技术显露甲状腺,超声刀行甲状腺全切除术。结果手术均获成功,无中转开放手术,手术时间90～180min,平均120min。术中出血15～40ml,平均20ml。术后住院时间4～7d,术后暂时性声音嘶哑1例,无大出血、切口感染、皮下积液等并发症。结论经胸壁入路腔镜下甲状腺全切除术安全,可行,美容效果好。     

超声刀在小切口甲状腺手术中的应用

目的探讨应用超声刀在小切口甲状腺手术中效果。方法对我科于2006年1月～2007年4月,106例良性甲状腺疾患(Ⅱ°)采用颈部小切口及超声刀下施行甲状腺次全切除术进行回顾性分析。结果手术平均时间50min(40～90min),术中平均出血量20ml(5～40ml),术后24h平均切口引流量20ml(10～40ml),术后1例出现口角麻木、低钙血症者。术后平均住院时间4d(3～5d)。结论超声刀在甲状腺中应用能减少手术时间、术中出血,手术并发症少,术后恢复快,手术切口小,而且具有美容效果。     

乳晕入路腔镜下甲状腺切除术18例报告

目的探讨乳晕切口入路腔镜下甲状腺手术的可行性和美容效果。方法2004年1月～2006年1月，经胸乳晕入路腔镜下行甲状腺良性肿物切除术18例。于右乳晕边缘1点处弧形切口长5mm置抓钳，左乳晕边缘11点处弧形切口长12mm置超声刀，乳沟中央做10mm水平切口置腔镜。通过分离胸前皮下和颈阔肌深面，注入c0：5mmHg建立手术空间。超声刀切割、分离甲状腺组织和甲状腺血管。结果18例手术均成功，其中12例甲状腺瘤切除术，1例甲状腺部分切除术，5例双侧甲状腺大部分切除术。单侧手术时间45～120min，平均62min；术中出血量6～20ml，平均11ml。双侧手术时间90～180min，平均98min；术中出血量15～70ml，平均29．5ml。术后住院3～5d。术后无严重并发症。18例随访6～12个月，平均9个月，切口愈合良好，无瘢痕，无复发。结论乳晕入路腔镜下甲状腺手术安全、可行，颈部美容效果好。     

应用超声刀经胸骨切迹下低位切口行甲状腺手术的研究

目的探讨应用超声刀经胸骨切迹下方低位切口行甲状腺手术的可行性和美容效果。方法使用经胸骨切迹下方低位切口应用超声刀行甲状腺切除术20例为研究组．传统经颈部切口甲状腺手术20例为对照组,均由同一手术组医生施术。分别比较2组的切口长度、切除甲状腺时间、术中出血量、术后引流量及手术并发症。结果在相同术式中,研究组的切口长度、手术时间、术中出血量和术后引流量均少于对照组（P〈0．001）;2组的总体手术并发症差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;研究组所有患者术后均恢复良好,未发现声音嘶哑、饮水呛咳和术后低血钙性抽搐或胸骨前瘢痕组织增生和肿瘤复发,无明显皮瓣粘连、水肿及颈部紧缩感。结论应用超声刀经胸骨切迹下方低位切口安全可行。它可以满足甲状腺手术所需要的切口暴露．不影响手术的效果,手术并发症少,同时更能满足患者美容的要求。     

超声刀在小切口甲状腺手术中的应用价值

目的探讨超声刀在低位小切口甲状腺手术中的应用价值。方法 2008年1月~12月对75例甲状腺良性疾病行开放性小切口（2~3 cm）甲状腺切除术,术中利用冷光源拉钩作为光源兼拉钩,超声刀处理甲状腺血管和腺体。结果平均手术时间70 min（40~135 min）,术中平均出血量15 ml（5~20 ml）。术后24 h平均切口引流量25 ml（10~50ml）。无出血、神经、甲状旁腺损伤及其他并发症。75例术后平均随访16个月（14~18个月）,未见病变复发、甲状腺功能减低。结论冷光源拉钩辅助下超声刀应用于开放性小切口甲状腺切除,可以方便手术操作,止血效果可靠。     

超声刀在小切口甲状腺腺叶切除术中的应用

目的探讨超声刀在小切口甲状腺腺叶切除术中的应用。方法回顾分析泉州医学高等专科学校附属人民医院56例采用超声刀小切口行甲状腺腺叶切除术的临床资料,对超声刀在小切口的疗效进行分析。结果 56例手术顺利,术中平均出血量20mL,平均手术时间为54min。患者术后均未出现声音嘶哑及继发出血或血肿等并发症。切口均一期愈合,术后平均住院时间4.6天。结论应用超声刀小切口切除甲状腺叶具有出血少、恢复快、并发症少的优点,值得临床推广。     

腹腔镜辅助颈入路甲状腺手术

目的探讨腹腔镜辅助下甲状腺手术的可行性及安全性. 方法胸骨切迹上1.0 cm横形切口2.0 cm,5 mm腹腔镜下使用超声刀,用"凝-分-吸"和"分-凝-断"2种方法处理腺体和血管,完成腺体摘除或腺叶切除. 结果甲状腺腺瘤(结节)摘除术20例,单侧甲状腺腺叶切除术6例.手术时间80～130 min,平均100 min.术中出血量10～40 ml,平均20 ml.未出现手术并发症.23例随访1～20个月,平均9个月,病人对颈部美容满意,无复发. 结论内镜辅助下甲状腺手术安全可靠,与传统手术相比具有切口小、创伤小、美容的优点.     

腔镜甲状腺手术的临床应用

目的 :总结腔镜用于甲状腺肿瘤手术的临床经验。方法 :应用超声刀对甲状腺良性肿物 4例行切除术。结果 :4例手术均获成功。手术时间 1 2 0～ 2 0 0min ,平均 1 6 0min ,术中出血 30～ 6 0ml,术后 6～ 8h下床活动 ,进流质 ,无不适感及其它并发症。术后 2d内拔除引流管 ,术后 3～ 5d出院。结论 :腔镜甲状腺手术符合女性美容的要求 ,手术切口隐蔽 ,无颈部疤痕 ,美容效果好 ,并且手术安全可行。     

颈部高位小切口甲状腺手术的探讨

目的探讨颈部高位小切口甲状腺手术的可行性。方法 2009年3～11月,施行颈部高位小切口甲状腺手术128例,选取活动度较好的甲状腺良性结节,直径2.5～4.0cm,平均3.1cm,在颈前颏下横纹处做小切口,行患侧甲状腺腺叶切除术15例,次全切除术25例,部分切除术88例。结果 128例手术均顺利完成,手术切口平均长度3.3cm(2.5～4.0cm),术中平均出血量25.5ml(5～50ml),平均手术时间42min(26～65min),拆线时间5～6d,无并发症。术后随访1～10个月(平均7个月),切口瘢痕不明显,无切口周围组织肿胀、疼痛,切口隐蔽性较好。结论颈部高位小切口甲状腺手术是可行的、安全的,具有一定的美容效果,适用于活动度较好的甲状腺良性结节。     

应用超声刀行小切口甲状腺开放手术146例

目的探讨应用超声刀行小切口甲状腺开放手术的方法及可行性。方法 2008年3月至2010年2月,146例甲状腺良性肿瘤患者行小切口甲状腺开放手术。结果所有手术均成功,切口长度为2～4 cm,手术时间65～120 min,术中出血量5～68 ml,术后未出现手术并发症。结论应用超声刀行小切口甲状腺开放手术具有良好的美容效果,并且可以明显减少术中出血量、缩短手术时间及降低术后并发症的发生率,增加手术安全性,缩短腔镜甲状腺手术的学习曲线。     

Minimally invasive approach to the cervical spine: a proposal

BACKGROUND and PURPOSE: During the last 3 years, a minimally invasive video-assisted approach for parathyroidectomy and thyroidectomy has been developed. Because of the good exposure of the cervical spine during these procedures, the authors decided to perform an anatomic-radiologic study in order to evaluate which cervical vertebrae could be reached by this minimally invasive approach. PATIENTS and METHODS: Three consenting patients, two undergoing minimally invasive parathyroidectomy and one a conventional operation for C4-C5 disc herniation, were selected for this study. The procedure was carried out through a single 1.5-cm central skin incision above the sternal notch. After opening of the cervical linea alba, dissection was performed under endoscopic vision, without using any CO2 insufflation or trocar. After exposure of the prevertebral fascia, an operative tube was introduced through the cervical incision in order to maintain the operative space without using conventional retractors. RESULTS: Through this operative tube, it was possible to introduce both a 5-mm (or 3-mm) endoscope and the surgical instruments. In our patients, we inserted a 1-mm metal probe to exactly localize during fluoroscopy the vertebrae reached by the dissection (C2-C7). CONCLUSIONS: This study shows the feasibility of an anterior minimally invasive approach to the cervical spine. Although the exact indications have to be verified, a video-assisted approach could add some advantages to the well-known benefits coming from the anterior approaches to the cervical spine, especially in terms of cosmetic results and postoperative course and recovery.     

Video-assisted endoscopic thyroidectomy

BACKGROUND: Several experimental and clinical reports concerning endoscopic parathyroid surgery have appeared. However, reports concerning minimally invasive surgery for thyroid remains rare. Herein we present a new method, called video-assisted endoscopic thyroidectomy (VAET), for the management of various benign thyroid diseases. METHODS: In all, 16 consecutive patients who underwent VAET for benign thyroid diseases were retrospectively studied. The study group included nodular hyperplasia in 8 patients, follicular adenoma in 6, and Hurthle's tumor and simple cyst in 1 each. A 2 to 3 cm transverse incision was made on the suprasternal notch. The wound was deepened to expose the underlying trachea from which the plane of the thyroid fascia was accessed directly, and the working space was established with lifting method using conventional instrument. All surgical procedures could be manipulated and monitored under laparoscopy without gas insufflation. The ultrasonically activated scalpel was the principal instrument used for VAET. RESULTS: All 16 patients underwent VAET successfully without conversion to open thyroidectomy. The surgical procedures included lobectomy in 13 and extirpation in 3. The operation time ranged from 28 minutes to 5 hours (mean 1 hour, 42 minutes). For the 5 most recent cases, lobectomy took an average of 2 hours, whereas extirpation less than 40 minutes. The tumor size ranged from 3.5 cm to 8.0 cm (mean 5.8 cm). There were no surgical complications. All patients but 1 were discharged on postoperative day 2. During follow-up, all patients demonstrated euthyroid function and satisfactory cosmetic results. CONCLUSIONS: VAET emerges as a promising minimally invasive surgical technique replacing conventional thyroidectomy for benign thyroid diseases in selected cases, with the advantage of satisfactory cosmetic results.     

内镜辅助的甲状腺切除术(附8例报告)

目的探讨内镜辅助甲状腺切除术的可行性.方法回顾性分析2002年9月～2004年9月我院8例甲状腺良性结节的患者,进行内镜辅助微创甲状腺腺叶切除的临床资料. 结果手术均获成功,手术时间90～150 min,平均120min.术中失血10～30ml,平均20 ml.无并发症,无中转手术.术后3～4 d均痊愈出院.8例随访6～12个月,平均9个月,伤口愈合良好,无感觉不适.结论内镜辅助的甲状腺切除术安全有效,并具有明显美容效果.     

Minimally invasive video-assisted submandibular sialadenectomy: surgical technique and results from two institutions

Background

Submandibular gland excision is traditionally performed using a transcervical approach. However, innovative surgical trials have recently been conducted to investigate techniques that can prevent or reduce visible scarring and nerve injury. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the feasibility of a new approach to submandibular gland excision that is based on the use of a minimally invasive video-assisted technique and an ultrasound scalpel in an endoscopic neck surgery program with a low annual flow of procedures.

Methods

We retrospectively studied 15 patients with submandibular gland disease who underwent minimally invasive video-assisted submandibular sialadenectomy performed by two surgeons at two institutions. Eight patients had proximally located salivary calculi, three had chronic sialadenitis, and four had benign neoplasms. All dissections were carried out by a single-port gasless approach, using the Miccoli technique, involving endoscope magnification and an ultrasonic scalpel.

Results

All 15 submandibular gland resections were performed successfully, with no conversions to conventional open resection. The operative time ranged from 45 to 125 min (median 84 min). A total of 67 % of patients were discharged the day after surgery, and the maximum length of stay was 3 days. One patient experienced postoperative bleeding, and one experienced postoperative infection. There was no neural injury. The incision scar healed well in all cases, and all patients reported excellent cosmetic results.

Conclusions

Endoscopic submandibular gland resection using a minimally invasive video-assisted technique, endoscopic magnification, and ultrasonic scalpel was feasible and resulted in excellent surgical outcomes.

     

Combination of minimally invasive thyroid surgery and local anesthesia associated to iopanoic acid for patients with amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis and severe cardiac disorders: a pilot study

Background and aims Amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis is a life-threatening condition. A prompt control of thyrotoxicosis is obtained by thyroidectomy. Preparation with iopanoic acid proved to be very effective in reducing cardiovascular complications. Nevertheless, general anesthesia and extensive surgery may affect negatively patients also after adequate preparation. Safety and efficacy of minimally invasive video-assisted thyroidectomy performed under regional anesthesia (bilateral modified deep cervical block) in patients with amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis was evaluated. Patients and methods Eight patients with amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis (three with type I and five with type II), mean age 66.2 years, were prepared with iopanoic acid. There were five men and three women. Three patients had dilatative cardiomyopathy, three had heart failure secondary to severe myocardial infarction, and two had refractory unstable rhythm disorders. Results Minimally invasive video-assisted thyroidectomy was performed under regional anesthesia. Mean operative time was 55.5 min. During surgery, lung and heart function remained well and no surgical complications occurred. After surgery, all patients remained on amiodarone therapy and two patients were subsequently removed from the checklist for heart transplantation. Conclusion Minimally invasive video-assisted thyroidectomy under regional anesthesia can be proposed as resolution of amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis in high risk patients with severe cardiac disorders, after preparation with iopanoic acid. Presented at the 2nd Biennal Congress of the European Society of Endocrine Surgeons in Krakow, Poland, 18–20 May, 2006.     

Minimally invasive video-assisted thyroidectomy: five years of experience

BACKGROUND: In the last decade, development of videolaparoscopic surgery allowed several operations to be performed with minimally invasive techniques, making them less invasive and painful. Neck surgery was also involved in this effort, in spite of the skepticism shown by some authors. STUDY DESIGN: Minimally invasive video-assisted thyroidectomy was developed in 1998, and since then, about 600 operations have been performed. Access was the same as was previously described for parathyroidectomy; it was based on a small central incision (1.5 cm) and on external retraction without neck insufflation. RESULTS: From July 1998 to October 2003, 579 patients were selected from 5,450 for minimally invasive video-assisted thyroidectomy. The operation consisted of a total thyroidectomy in 312 patients and lobectomy in 267 patients. Mean operative time was 41 +/- 19.5 minutes (range 15 to 120 minutes) for lobectomy and 51.6 +/- 18.8 minutes (range 30 to 140 minutes) for total thyroidectomy. Postoperative hospital stay was 24 hours (overnight discharge) for all patients. Complications were postoperative bleeding (0.1%), recurrent nerve palsy (1.3%), and definitive hypoparathyroidism (0.2%). CONCLUSIONS: After 5 years of experience using this approach for various indications, we achieved a good esthetic result with an operative time comparable to that of conventional open surgery. Minimally invasive video-assisted thyroidectomy was found to be a safe operation, with advantages over traditional procedures represented by better cosmetic outcomes and postoperative course, as demonstrated by visual analogue scales and statistically analyzed numeric scales.     

颈腔镜下不使用超声刀的甲状腺手术6例

目的探讨不用超声刀施行腔镜甲状腺手术的可行性。方法应用单极高频电刀行腔镜下甲状腺良性肿物切除术6例。结果全部病例手术均获成功。手术时间80-200min，平均110min；术中出血量25—50ml，平均36ml。术后24h下床活动，进流质饮食，无并发症。术后第2天拔颈部引流管，术后3～5d出院。结论高频电刀行腔镜甲状腺手术安全、可行。     

Video-assisted endocrine neck surgery: state of the art

During the last two decades, several minimally invasive approaches for endocrine neck surgery have been developed. Minimally invasive video-assisted approaches (minimally invasive video-assisted parathyroidectomy and minimally invasive video-assisted thyroidectomy) gained a quite large worldwide diffusion, maybe because these techniques combine the advantages related to the endoscopic magnification with those due to the close similarity with the conventional surgery that makes these surgical approaches reproducible and feasible in different surgical settings. Several comparative studies have demonstrated the advantages of minimally invasive video-assisted neck surgery in terms of reduced postoperative pain, better cosmetic result, and higher patients’ satisfaction over the conventional endocrine neck surgery. An accurate patients’ selection plays a key role to ensure the success of minimally invasive video-assisted approaches. To date, in selected cases and in experienced Center, minimally invasive video-assisted endocrine neck surgery could be considered the standard treatment or at least a safe and effective surgical option.     

腔镜辅助下甲状腺手术(105例体会)

【摘要】〓目的〓探讨腔镜辅助下甲状腺手术特点和适应证。方法〓对105例甲状腺良性疾病病例施行了腔镜辅助下甲状腺手术,对切口长度、切口位置、手术时间、术后并发症进行了总结和分析。结果〓105例腔镜辅助下甲状腺手术均取得成功,其中65例单侧甲状腺切除平均手术时间为65.5 min,40例双侧甲状腺切除平均手术时间为112.4 min。手术切口最短2.0 cm,最长3.5 cm,平均2.7 cm。无手术后出血发生,2例病人手术后第二天发生了手足麻木,1例病人出现声音嘶哑,1例病人出现了声音低沉,发音费力,均给予对症治疗,随访1个月后恢复。结论〓腔镜辅助下甲状腺手术术式不但具有美观、微创和舒适等特点,而且可以降低甲状腺手术的副损伤。     

剥离法在改良Miccoli术中的应用体会

目的探讨剥离法在内镜辅助下经颈部小切口行甲状腺切除术（改良Miccoli术）中的应用价值。方法对39例甲状腺良性疾病患者采用剥离法内镜辅助下颈部小切口甲状腺切除术。按传统Miccoli术方式切开、建腔、显露,按剥离法要求游离、超声刀离断腺体,切除病灶。甲状腺瘤12例,其中11例行单侧甲状腺部分切除,1例行单纯峡部肿物切除;结节性甲状腺肿27例,其中13例行双侧甲状腺部分切除7,例行一侧腺叶大部切除加一侧肿瘤切除,5例双侧腺叶大部切除,2例单侧腺叶全切。结果 39例手术均顺利完成,手术切口平均2.4（1.5～3.0）cm,无中转开放手术;手术时间平均59.6（30～135）min;术中出血17.6（10～60）ml;术后第1 d引流量平均8（6～10）ml;术后住院时间平均4.2（3～6）d。术后术野皮下炎性肿胀3例,无喉返神经损伤或甲状旁腺功能低下等并发症。术后均获随访,平均10（6～12）个月,患者局部不适感轻微,颈部瘢痕不明显,美容效果好,复查甲状腺超声未见复发。结论在改良Miccoli术中采用剥离法手术策略简便、安全,并发症少,值得推广。